71-431: Head Wrightson was a big heavy industrial firm based at Thornaby-on-Tees , North Yorkshire , England. It specialised in the manufacture of large industrial products such as fractional distillation columns, which sometimes needed special transport to get them to site. Its early products, which were made of cast iron or wrought iron , were used for boilers , railway chairs , naval ships , and many bridges across
142-591: A Karenia bloom could cause the mass death of lobsters and crabs without also killing large numbers of fish, sea urchins and many other species." Monbiot reported that when he asked the UK government to publish its evidence the government refused. Peg Powler is a hag in English folklore who is said to inhabit the River Tees. The River Tees was featured in the television series Seven Natural Wonders as one of
213-514: A municipal borough which was named Thornaby-on-Tees. South Stockton station was renamed to Thornaby. Thornaby Town Hall was built for the old South Stockton Local Board, and was completed in 1892 a few months before the board was replaced by the new borough council. The earliest known flying in Thornaby took place in 1912 when Matthew Young of the Vale Farm was paid 100 Gold Sovereigns for
284-558: A bell turret with two bells, was originally dedicated to St Mary Magdalene . Grace Pace, the mother of Captain James Cook , was baptised at St Peter's in 1702. The larger St Paul's serves most of the town. Thornaby Cricket Club is situated at Mandale Bottoms ( Acklam Road ) and has been in existence since 1892. The main teams are in the North Yorkshire and South Durham Cricket League . Teesside Golf Club opened in 1901. It
355-483: A community based station that broadcast from nearby Middlesbrough . The town is served by the local newspaper, Evening Gazette . Thornaby is served by three secondary schools; St Patrick's Catholic College , Thornaby Academy and Westlands Academy. Thornaby is home is Stockton Riverside College , a major provider of further education in the Tees Valley with around 10,000 full & part-time students. It
426-541: A district of Cleveland county ). Development in the 1960s and 1970s on transforming the airfield, demolishing its buildings, into housing, shops, offices, a sport centre and a light industrial estate, the light industrial estate was the first in the wider area and therefore called Teesside Industrial Estate. Many symbols of Thornaby's aeronautical past were placed for prosperity with streets (such as Allensway), buildings and public houses using names of Royal Air Force aircraft, stations and personnel. The Bader School (built on
497-462: A garden on Thornaby Village Green. The name Thornaby came into existence about AD 800 when the land was given by Halfdene (Halfdan Ragnarsson), King of the Danes, to Thormod, one of his noblemen, hence "Thormods-by" – Thormod's farmstead. Although the -by suffix originally meant a farmstead, many of these grew into villages, taking the -by suffix with them in their names as with other villages in
568-441: A grounds off Thornaby Road and train at Conyers School . The town is served by Thornaby railway station , operated and owned by Northern, who operate rail services to Newcastle , Sunderland , Darlington , Redcar , Hexham and Whitby . TransPennine Express provides direct rail services to Leeds , Liverpool , Manchester and York . LNER also provides a direct rail service to York and London Kings Cross Thornaby
639-543: A much older settlement. Traces of prehistoric man have been found, the earliest being a stone axe, 8 inches long, dating back to the Mesolithic Period (about 3000 BC). In 1926, a dugout canoe said to date from about 1600 – 1400 BC was found in the mud under 8 feet (2.4 metres) of water opposite Thornaby High Wood. An arrowhead of the Neolithic Period (about 3000 BC) was found in
710-604: A pollution incident could have contributed to the deaths of the animals." The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) labs were also testing crustaceans for disease. There is no evidence of any link to recent strandings of marine mammals and seabirds across the UK and countries along the North Sea coast, according to the EA. By late November the crustacean die-off had spread as far south as Robin Hood's Bay and
781-431: A site of intermittent horse racing before moving to the now former Stockton Racecourse after the River Tees was straightened in 1810, a short distance down stream. From 1825, industry started to be built south of Stockton's existing port industry as Stockton and Darlington Railway had been established, old Stockton railway station being just on the other side of the bank. The first site was William Smith's pottery with
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#1732791772751852-770: Is adjacent to the east. In early October 2021 thousands of dead crabs and lobsters were washed up on the Tees estuary and beaches along the North-East coast of England. The deaths were first reported in Seaton Carew, Redcar and Seaham. A 95% decline in the lobster and crab catch was noticed by those employed in the local fishing industry. A spokesperson for the UK Environment Agency said, "Samples of water, sediment, mussel and crab have been collected and are being sent to our labs for analysis to consider whether
923-598: Is based at the Town Hall on Mandale Road. Thornaby was historically a township and chapelry in the ancient parish of Stainton in the North Riding of Yorkshire . A local government district called South Stockton was established covering the northern part of the township in 1863, governed by a local board. In 1892 the South Stockton Local Board was abolished when a municipal borough
994-696: Is in of the Teesside and District Union of Golf Clubs and therefore the Yorkshire Union of Golf Clubs Thornaby FC play in the Northern League Division one. It was established as 'Thornaby' in 2000. The club play at Teesdale Park ground, Acklam Road. Thornaby and Ingleby Barwick Football Club (TIBS FC) play in the North Riding Football League division one, it was established in 1997. The club play at
1065-405: Is labelled Stockton due to it being in or near the former Stockton South settlement, which lied on the southern banks of the river Tees (Yorkshire) and merged into Thornaby on Tees. Adjacent to the college is Durham University 's Queen's Campus . This was founded in 1992 as a joint venture between Durham and Teesside universities, becoming exclusively part of Durham University in 1998. In 2019,
1136-484: Is no evidence that it conducted such sampling, the government concluded not only that a bloom had occurred, but that it was caused by a particular, toxic species: Karenia mikimotoi . This is the stuff of science fiction. Karenia thrives in temperatures between 20 and 24 °C [68 and 75 °F]. The average water temperature on this coast in October is 13 °C [55 °F]. There is no plausible mechanism by which
1207-548: Is part of the North Pennine Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The source of the river at Teeshead just below Cross Fell is at an elevation of about 2,401 feet (732 m). It flows east-north-east through an area of shake holes through Carboniferous Limestone . Below Viewing Hill, it turns south to the Cow Green Reservoir constructed to store water to be released in dry conditions to satisfy
1278-547: Is probably the squadron best remembered by the townsfolk. It was formed at Thornaby on 17 March 1930 and went on to serve within both Coastal and Bomber Commands during the Second World War. After the war, on 10 May 1946 the squadron was re-formed at Thornaby and carried on in Reserve Command "at home" until the squadron disbanded for the last time on 10 March 1957. 608 (North Riding) Squadron's Standard, which
1349-632: Is said that Robert de Thormodbi, wounded in the Crusades at Acre , swore to raise a shrine to the Virgin Mary if he survived his wounds. He did, and as part of his wish a shrine niche to the Virgin Mary, lit by five sanctuary lamps , was placed in St Peter's Church. In 1825, old Thornaby was centred around St Peter's Church and the old village green . Thornaby Carrs (marshes) had been
1420-550: Is served by Public Services Arriva North East and Stagecoach provide bus services to Thornaby and National Express and Megabus operate coach travel from Middlesbrough bus station . Regional television services is provided by BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Tyne Tees . The local based-television station TalkTeesside also broadcast to the town. Local radio stations are BBC Radio Tees , Heart North East , Hits Radio Teesside , Capital North East , Smooth North East , Greatest Hits Radio Teesside and CVFM Radio,
1491-665: Is the smaller Low Force waterfall. The scenery becomes gentler and more picturesque as the river descends past Middleton-in-Teesdale (Durham). This locality has lead and ironstone resources. Just to the east of Middleton-in-Teesdale, the River Lune joins the Tees. After passing the village of Romaldkirk to the west, the river is joined by the River Balder at Cotherstone . The ancient town of Barnard Castle , Egglestone Abbey , and Rokeby Park , known through Sir Walter Scott 's poem Rokeby , are all passed. At Rokeby
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#17327917727511562-514: Is wholly in Durham. The dale widens below Cauldron Snout, and trees appear, contrasting with the broken rocks where the water descends over High Force . After a short turn northwards, the river continues to meander south-easterly. Close to where the B6277 road begins to run parallel to the river is the 69-foot (21 m) High Force waterfall. About 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles (2.4 km) downstream
1633-620: The A67 south-east past Gainford and Piercebridge to Darlington , passing under the A1 and A66 . The section from Piercebridge to Hurworth flows over magnesian limestone . It is at Croft-on-Tees that the River Skerne joins the Tees. The river now flows south past Croft-on-Tees before swinging northwards past Hurworth-on-Tees . A series of large meanders takes the course past Neasham , Low Dinsdale and Sockburn to Middleton St George . In
1704-515: The Banham review . In 1997 the parts of the abolished county of Cleveland south of the River Tees , including Thornaby, were placed in North Yorkshire for ceremonial purposes . In 2012 the town council purchased Thornaby Town Hall from the borough council for restorations. The hall, dating back to 1890–92, had been unoccupied since the 1968 county borough of Teesside amalgamation. It is now
1775-708: The Industrial Revolution , particularly for the shipment of coal from the Durham Coalfields and also for the steel industries that later developed around Middlesbrough . In the early years merchant ships left the River Tees after loading in Yarm and Stockton on Tees ; but as merchant ships became bigger, these smaller docks were superseded by bigger and deeper docks in Middlesbrough, and later even further downstream at Teesport close to
1846-623: The Mandale Cut and the Portrack Cut , were made to straighten its course in 1810 and 1831 respectively. Before these cuts were made, the journey by sailing barge from Thornaby to the mouth of the Tees, allowing for tides and other factors, could take as long as seven days. The Mandale Cut was the shorter of the two, at about 220 yards (200 m), with the Portrack Cut being considerably longer (1,100 yards (1,000 m)), although
1917-468: The Tees Barrage between these ports, turning tidal downstream from the barrage. Teesport is built on reclaimed land on the south side of the Tees estuary below Middlesbrough. Before the heavy industrialisation of the Tees, the flats at Seal Sands in the estuary were home to common seals . For around 100 years this species was absent from the estuary but have now returned and can be seen on
1988-451: The northern frontier . It was first built in wood around 90 AD, before being rebuilt in stone, possibly when the first bridge washed away. The use of the bridge may of continued into the sub-Roman period. Crossings of the Tees continued to be important in the journey from north to south, and vice versa, along the east coast, during the medieval period. During the 13th century it was described as "the major obstacle to speedy travel out of
2059-504: The 0.75-mile (1.2 km) South Bank Quay project to provide a deep water facility. It is expected that two million tonnes of material will be dredged to allow GE Renewable Energy to load huge wind turbine blades onto ships. The 351-foot (107 m) long blades are destined for the Dogger Bank wind farm . The Heavy Fuel Oil Farm and Tarmac jetties are to be removed. The River Tees has been used for transporting industrial goods since
2130-613: The Commanding Officer at Catterick Garrison, Middlesbrough Armed Forces Careers Office and the Cleveland Mountain Rescue Team . Thornaby held its eleventh Yorkshire Day event in August 2017. The annual Thornaby Show takes place at the beginning of September, it is estimated that more than 10,000 people turn up over the course of the day. In January 2014 a McDonald's and Asda opened on the site of
2201-584: The River Tees are manufacturing and servicing the North Sea oil and gas industry as well as the renewable energy industry sector, including offshore wind turbines . The south bank of the mouth of the River Tees has the 62-megawatt Teesside Offshore Wind Farm , built 2011–13. Near the mouth of the River Tees is the large dry dock facility of ABLE UK , named TERRC ( Teesside Environmental Reclamation and Recycling Centre ), used to dismantle or oil rigs and other large vessels. Hartlepool Nuclear Power Station
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2272-494: The Tees is joined by the River Greta . From the area near Eggleston, the river is crossing over millstone grit . From here the valley begins to open out, and traverses the rich plain east and south of Darlington in large meandering curves. The course of the valley down to here has been generally east-south-east, but it now turns north-east near the village of Whorlton . Passing Ovington and Winston it runs parallel to
2343-592: The airfield ( Hawker Hunter F6s ) left on 1 October 1958 and further use of Thornaby as a regional airport on 23 February 1962 ended when all but 60 acres (24 hectares) of land was purchased from the Air Ministry by Thornaby-on-Tees Borough Council. As Thornaby changed hand to the County Borough of Teesside (1968–1974) then, on its third attempt, into the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees (this was initially as
2414-427: The area quickly growing with shipbuilding and engineering companies established on the marshes. From 1840 until June 1987 heavy engineering firm Head Wrightson was a major employer in Thornaby. The area developing on the south bank of the Tees opposite Stockton was initially known as South Stockton. As Stockton's port industry moved to Middlesbrough, shipbuilding was replaced by iron works. A new railway line opened up
2485-440: The area south of the river for further development, with a South Stockton railway station built in 1882. The new settlement grew as a work force for new industry, spreading south down and between Thornaby Road, the new Westbury Street, and Mandale Road (once known as Acklam Road). The built-up area of South Stockton grew to merge with the old village of Thornaby; on 6 October 1892 South Stockton and Thornaby formally merged to form
2556-582: The area, such as Danby, Faceby, Ingleby, Maltby and Ormesby. During the Battle of Hastings (1066), one of William the Conqueror 's noblemen, Robert I de Brus , marched north with a garrison of men and occupied the area of Cleveland . William gave him those lands to control including Thornaby and Middlesbrough . King Sweyn II of Denmark , on 9 September 1069, defeated the Normans at York by killing
2627-532: The diocese of Durham southwards", with the contemporary fords, bridges and ferries proving particularly inconvenient in the winter period. This included the Great North Road , for which the Croft Bridge was built in the 13th or 14th centuries. Yarm Bridge was built around 1400, by bishop Skirlaw . In 1771 a major flood on the Tees, along with others in the North-East, caused major damage to
2698-433: The early 19th century as "Thurnaby waaste" is mentioned in a poem by Tennyson called "The Northern Farmer." . Over the centuries there have been a number of different spellings of the name Thornaby including Turmozbi, Tormozbi, Tormozbia and Thurmozbi. The form Thornaby first appears in 1665 and refers to old Thornaby village, south western area of the present town which is near the River Tees as it flows north east. It
2769-580: The entire garrison of 3,000 men. William swore an oath to take revenge on Sweyn by destroying every house and dwelling in the lands under Sweyn's rule, leaving all the land in the north east of Yorkshire barren and bare. In the Domesday Book Thornaby is mentioned five times, Thornaby's first mention in the Domesday Book states:- "Robert Malet has these lands and they are waste." It appears that they remained undeveloped until
2840-490: The flats at Seal Sands. The Seal Sands area is now designated as the Teesmouth National Nature Reserve. A proposal was made in 1769 to make cuts in the river which would straighten the course and enable ships to save time and money in navigation. Between Stockton-on-Tees and Middlesbrough, the river previously meandered first south and then north of its current channel. Two "cuts", known as
2911-542: The former Tristar Neasham site. Teesside Park is the location of a shopping park which occupies a former racecourse. There are two tiers of local government covering Thornaby, at parish (town) and unitary authority level: Thornaby Town Council and Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council . The borough council is also a constituent member of the Tees Valley Combined Authority , which is led by the directly elected Mayor of Tees Valley . The town council
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2982-514: The former airfield) on Kintyre Drive was named after and opened by Sir Douglas Bader on 10 November 1971. In 1976 a stained glass window in St Paul's Church on Thornaby Road was dedicated to the RAF at Thornaby and in 1997 a statue was erected on Thornaby Road, it is dedicated to all who served at RAF Thornaby. In 2007 a full-size replica Supermarine Spitfire aircraft was erected on the roundabout at
3053-403: The former banks, increasing the scouring due to its natural flow. Maps made prior to 1900 show that between Stockton and Middlesbrough the river flowed in a channel up to 330 yards (300 m) wide in places, with many shoals and sandbars. The modern channel varies between about 110 yards (100 m) and 220 yards (200 m). In October 2021 the UK engineering company, GRAHAM, started work on
3124-417: The industrial need for water on Teesside. Emerging from the reservoir at Cauldron Snout the river traverses a series of hard black basalt and dolerite rocks that intrude through the softer limestone, in a succession of falls or rapids. From this point downstream the Tees forms the boundary between the traditional counties of Durham and Yorkshire almost without a break, although since 1974 much of it
3195-488: The industrialisation of the area through the 19th century, many new bridges where needed closer to the ports mouth. When the Stockton and Darlington railway , first opened in 1825, it was realised that the staiths at Stockton where two small to export the desired amount of coal. The decision was made to start exporting closer to the rivers mouth on the other bank, at Port Darlington (later Middlesbrough ). This required
3266-473: The junction of Thornaby Road, Bader Avenue and Trenchard Avenue. Hidden beneath the roundabout is part of a runway (one of three) which used to run east to west. Thornaby town centre declined post war with deindustrialation and the town's population centre shifting south east on to the old airfield. Facilities followed as the new Pavilion shops opened and the old centre cut off by the A66. The former Industry around
3337-668: The late 1920s the Air Ministry constructed an airfield to the south of the town and the station which was the second permanent aerodrome to be built in Yorkshire (the first being Catterick) was opened on 29 September 1929. During the Second World War , Thornaby came under the control of 18 group, Coastal Command , before this however it had come under Flying Training, Fighter and Bomber Commands , and post-war under Reserve and Fighter Commands, at this time (post-war) it
3408-462: The lower reaches of the river valley the water flows over bunter sandstone and pebble beds . Just past Yarm, the River Leven joins the Tees, before passing the settlements of Eaglescliffe , Ingleby Barwick and Thornaby-on-Tees . Now nearing the sea, the Tees becomes an important commercial waterway, with the ports of Stockton-on-Tees and Middlesbrough on its banks. It passes through
3479-566: The main building used by Thornaby Town Council. The Church of St Peter ad Vincula on the village green is of 12th-century origin but a place of worship existed at the time of the Domesday Book of 1086. The unusual dedication to St Peter ad Vincula ( "St Peter in chains" ) is derived from the ancient Basilica of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome. The building, with a simple nave and
3550-467: The mouth of the River Tees. The emergence of the Steel industry in the late 19th century earned it the nickname "The Steel River" owing to the many steelworks that operated along the banks of the Tees. In the 20th century the river also became important to the developing chemical industry , contributing particularly to the development of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) who used reclaimed land on
3621-409: The name. *Teihx-s , a root possibly derived from Brittonic *ti (Welsh tail , "dung, manure"), has also been used to explain the name Tees (compare River Tyne ). The river drains 710 square miles (1,800 km ) and has a number of tributaries including the River Greta , River Lune , River Balder , River Leven and River Skerne . Before the reorganisation of the historic English counties ,
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#17327917727513692-465: The north bank for import/export facilities. The move to loading coal on bigger ships in Middlesbrough was the economic driver for the development not only of the town of Middlesbrough itself but also of the railway between Stockton and Darlington . This is where George Stephenson developed his railway engine "Locomotion" and this railway was the first steam railway to carry passengers, as well as industrial materials. The Stockton and Darlington Railway
3763-598: The northern meander it removed was smaller than the southern meander. Neither meander is visible today, except for the flow of Stainsby Beck into a waterway which is marked on maps first as " The Fleet " and then " Old River Tees ". The current Tees Barrage is close to the site of the Mandale Cut. Since the cuts were made, the river has continued to undergo alterations to its bed and banks to make it deeper and more navigable. The channel has been made considerably narrower by dumping ship's ballast and ironworks slag along
3834-434: The old Thornaby Carrs centre became Teesdale Business Park leaving the station and town hall out of place in the new surroundings. In the late 2000s, Thornaby Pavilion was designated as the new town centre. Housing around the shops were cleared and new shops built opposite the older shops to form a pedestrian high street. An official relaunch event was held in the now Thornaby town centre on 25 April 2009. High rises flats in
3905-494: The river formed the boundary between County Durham and Yorkshire . In its lower reaches it now forms the boundary between the ceremonial counties of County Durham and North Yorkshire , while in the highest part of its course it forms the boundary between the historic counties of Westmorland and Durham . The head of Teesdale (the name of valley especially at this end), has a desolate grandeur, surrounded by moorland and hills, some exceeding 2,500 feet (760 m). This area
3976-538: The river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the North East England . The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green . The name Tees is possibly of Brittonic origin. The element *tēs , meaning "warmth" with connotations of "boiling, excitement" ( Welsh tes ), may underlie
4047-526: The river's bridges, completely destroying some. The Wynch Bridge , Supposedly the oldest suspension bridge in Europe, dating from 1741, was lifted from its moorings. The bridge in Gilmonby was recorded as being destroyed after having only been fully operational for 3 years. On the other hand, The medieval Yarm Bridge was not affected by the flood, despite every other building in the town being damaged. With
4118-486: The steel and chemical industries made by companies that are members of the Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC). The areas where large scale commodity chemical industry continues to be based are Billingham and Seal Sands , both on the north bank of the River Tees, and Wilton on the south bank. The Teesside Steelworks at Redcar operated until closure in 2015. Other industrial companies that use
4189-458: The town centre have been demolished and with the towns fund , they are plans for the former Npower offices site are planned to be demolished and a replacement for Thornaby Pool, an indoor baths on Thornaby Road, built in its place. The former Golden Eagle Hotel is also to be demolished. Thornaby won a number of awards in 2008; the silver gilt award for best small cities, Northumbria in Bloom, which
4260-669: The university moved the Queen's Campus colleges and departments to Durham city, and repurposed the campus as a new International Study Centre, run by Study Group . River Tees The River Tees ( / t iː z / ), in England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea in the North East of England. The modern-day history of
4331-524: The use of a field for an airshow. Taking place on a Saturday afternoon in June or July, one of the main events was flying by Gustav Hamel , an early flying pioneer. The next known use was by the Royal Flying Corps who used the same fields between 1914 and 1918 as a staging post between Catterick and Marske aerodromes. In about 1925 negotiations began on the opening of a full-time aerodrome and in
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#17327917727514402-515: The wonders of the North, and in the post-apocalyptic drama The Last Train having blown its banks. An early crossing of the Tees was made by the Romans , with the construction of a bridge at Piercebridge , along with a corresponding fortress . The bridge was built on the route of Dere Street , and as a result it likely saw a great deal of military traffic going between the fortress at York and
4473-465: The world. In its first 17 years the firm had various names. Thornaby-on-Tees Thornaby-on-Tees , commonly referred to as Thornaby , is a town and civil parish in the North Yorkshire part of the borough of Stockton-on-Tees , England. The parish had a population of 24,741 at the 2011 census , in the Teesside built-up area. It is located on the south bank of the River Tees . The town
4544-621: Was affecting catches in Whitby . The Environment Agency has ruled out chemical pollution as the cause of the mass shellfish deaths. Dredging was also rejected as the cause of the environmental disaster . Environment Agency operations manager Sarah Jennings said, "We've used both traditional and innovative screening methods to analyse samples of water, sediment and crab looking for traces of contamination. We’ve screened for over 1,000 potential chemical contaminants but found no anomalies that could lead to an event of this scale." In early February 2022 it
4615-527: Was also used by the Royal Air Force Regiment . During the war a variety of tasks were carried out from RAF Thornaby , such as, attacks on targets in Europe, anti-submarine patrols, operational training, strikes against enemy shipping, leaflet dropping and air sea rescue operations. 608 (North Riding) squadron Of all the squadrons to have been based at RAF Thornaby during its operational period, "Thornaby's own" 608 (North Riding) squadron
4686-643: Was approved by the Queen and bears their battle honours, can be seen housed in York Minster under the Astronomical Clock where it was laid-up on 14 November 1959. The numerous items of glass and silverware which were presented to the squadron during their service are held by Middlesbrough Council, are housed in Middlesbrough Town Hall and are to be returned to the squadron should it ever re-form. The last R.A.F aircraft to leave
4757-401: Was created covering the whole township of Thornaby, with the new borough being named "Thornaby-on-Tees". It was amalgamated with other areas in 1968 to form the county borough of Teesside . In 1974, the town became part of the enlarged Stockton-on-Tees district of Cleveland non-metropolitan county . Thornaby Town Council was created in 1995. Cleveland county was abolished in 1996 under
4828-464: Was founded after an initial shareholders' meeting in a room in a public house in Yarm. Today Teesport is owned by PD Ports ; it is located close to the North Sea and 3 miles (5 km) east of Middlesbrough. Teesport is currently the third largest port in the United Kingdom, and among the ten biggest in Western Europe, handling over 56 million tonnes of domestic and international cargo per year. The vast majority of these products are still related to
4899-550: Was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1892, during the Victorian era . The borough was abolished in 1968 on the creation of the County Borough of Teesside . Since 1974 Thornaby has formed part of the re-established borough of Stockton-on-Tees. A civil parish called Thornaby was re-created in 1996. The modern centre was built on the north eastern part of Thornaby airfield and lies 2 miles (3.2 km) south-east of Stockton-on-Tees and 4 miles (6.4 km) south-west of Middlesbrough . There are other signs of Thornaby being
4970-415: Was repeated in 2011. Thornaby Cemetery had Cemetery of the Year award in 2006. The cemetery had lost then lost its Green flag award until 2011. On 10 November 2011 an R.A.F. Search and Rescue Sea King Helicopter paid a three-hour visit to Bader primary to help celebrate the 40th anniversary of Sir Douglas Bader opening the school. The day of activities included a visit by representatives from RAF Leeming,
5041-525: Was reported that, "Defra and partner agencies have completed a thorough investigation of the cause of dead crabs and lobsters which were found washed up on the North East coast between October and December 2021. Following significant testing and modelling to rule out possible causes, Defra and partner agencies consider that the deaths of the crabs and lobsters potentially resulted from a naturally occurring harmful algal bloom ." In June 2022 George Monbiot wrote in The Guardian , "Astonishingly, although there
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