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75-541: The Pensacola Bay Bridge , also known locally as the Three-Mile Bridge, runs between downtown Pensacola, Florida , and Gulf Breeze, Florida . It carries six lanes of U.S. Highway 98 across Pensacola Bay . The bridge, which is dedicated to General Daniel James Jr. , opened to traffic on September 5, 2019, at which time it replaced the Sen. Philip D. Beall Sr. Bridge, a four-lane facility that ran parallel just to

150-531: A Superior Court and Sheriff (as an officer of the court ), both located in a designated "shire town". Bennington County, Vermont has two shire towns; the court for "North Shire" is in the shire town Manchester , and the Sheriff for the county and court for "South Shire" are in the shire town Bennington. In 2024, Connecticut , which had not defined their counties for anything but statistical, historical and weather warning purposes since 1960, along with ending

225-420: A base for Spanish efforts to colonize Santa Elena (present-day Parris Island, South Carolina .) But the colony was decimated by a hurricane on September 19, 1559, which killed an unknown number of sailors and colonists, sank six ships, grounded a seventh, and ruined supplies. The survivors struggled to survive, most moving inland to what is now central Alabama for several months in 1560 before returning to

300-477: A bill prohibiting Indians from living in the state, and provided for capture and removal to Indian Territory. While the bill excluded mixed-Indians and those already living in white communities, they went "underground" to escape persecution. No Indians were listed in late 19th and early 20th century censuses for Escambia County. People of Indian descent were forced into the white or black communities by appearance, and officially, in terms of records, "disappeared". It

375-410: A county seat may be an independent city surrounded by, but not part of, the county of which it is the administrative center; for example, Fairfax City is both the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia and completely surrounded by Fairfax County, but the city is politically independent of the county. When the county seat is in the independent city, government offices such as the courthouse may be in

450-446: A course slightly to the west of the existing bridge. The new bridge, like the previous one, will not charge a toll. As of February 2020, construction of the new westbound bridge was completed with only the pedestrian portion to be completed with the old bridge being dismantled to make way for the parallel bridge to begin construction. The first unofficial crossing of the bridge via the pedestrian walkway occurred on August 13, 2020. This

525-442: A crane was blown down onto on the bridge, knocking almost the entire span into Pensacola Bay , rendering the bridge completely unusable. With the old bridge being closed in preparation for demolition, traffic was detoured onto the tolled Garcon Point Bridge , with tolls being suspended for the time being. After months of delays, the first span of the bridge reopened on May 28, 2021, carrying 2-4 lanes of traffic with full 4 lane use in

600-481: A female householder with no husband present, and 40.2% were non-families. 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.92. In 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $ 34,779, and the median income for a family was $ 42,868. Males had a median income of $ 32,258 versus $ 23,582 for females. The per capita income for

675-468: A large number unmarked. Tensions between the white community and Indians tended to increase during the Removal era. In addition, an increasing proportion of Anglo-Americans, who constituted the majority of whites by 1840, led to a hardening of racial discrimination in the area. There was disapproval of white men living with women of color, which had previously been accepted. In 1853 the legislature passed

750-402: A large part of Pensacola's tourism industry. The USS Oriskany was purposefully sunk in 2004 to create an artificial reef off the shores of Pensacola. County seat In Canada , the provinces of Ontario , Quebec , New Brunswick , Prince Edward Island , and Nova Scotia have counties as an administrative division of government below the provincial level, and thus county seats. In

825-467: A low of 19 °F (−7.2 °C) was seen. The lowest temperature ever recorded in the city was 5 °F (−15 °C) on January 21, 1985 . Snow is rare in Pensacola, but does occasionally fall. The most recent snowfall event occurred December 9, 2017, and the snow event previous to it occurred on February 12, 2010. The city receives 68.31 in (1,740 mm) of precipitation per year, with

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900-620: A major blow on February 23, 2016, when a large EF3 wedge tornado hit the northwest part of Pensacola, causing major damage and several injuries. Pensacola's location on the Florida Panhandle makes it vulnerable to hurricanes. Hurricanes which have made landfall at or near Pensacola since the late 20th century include Eloise (1975) , Frederic (1979) , Juan (1985) , Erin ( 1995 ), Opal ( 1995 ), Georges ( 1998 ), Ivan ( 2004 ), Dennis ( 2005 ), and Sally ( 2020 ). In July 2005, Hurricane Dennis made landfall just east of

975-528: A major trade center. It was a garrison town, predominantly males in the military or trade. Americans made raids into the area, and settlers pressured the federal government to gain control of this territory. In the final stages of the War of 1812 , American troops launched an offensive on Pensacola against the Spanish and British garrisons protecting the city, which surrendered after two days of fighting. Pensacola

1050-450: A slightly more rainy season in the summer. The rainiest month is July, with 7.89 in (200 mm), with May being the driest month at 3.90 in (99 mm). In June 2012 over one foot (300 mm) of rain fell on Pensacola and adjacent areas, leading to widespread flooding. On April 29, 2014, Pensacola was drenched by at least 20 inches of rain within a 24-hour period, causing the worst flooding in 30 years. The city suffered

1125-559: A temporary lack of affordable housing in the Pensacola real estate market, and Hurricane Dennis and Hurricane Katrina contributed to a general scarcity of construction labor and resources along the Gulf Coast . In September 2020, Pensacola suffered heavy damage by Hurricane Sally . Damages in Escambia County were estimated by local officials at $ 29 million. Downtown Pensacola was flooded. Pensacola's first appearance in

1200-528: Is held annually in November in Seville Square, and often draws more than 200 regional and international artists. The Children's Art Festival, also held in Seville Square, displays art by local schoolchildren. Pensacon is a comic convention held each February, with nearly 25,000 attendees from around the world. The Pensacola Interstate Fair is held each fall. Scuba diving and deep sea fishing are

1275-409: Is known as the seat of its county. Generally, the county legislature, county courthouse, sheriff's department headquarters, hall of records, jail and correctional facility are located in the county seat, though some functions (such as highway maintenance, which usually requires a large garage for vehicles, along with asphalt and salt storage facilities) may also be located or conducted in other parts of

1350-1055: Is nicknamed "The City of Five Flags", due to the five governments that have ruled it during its history: the flags of Spain ( Castile ), France , Great Britain , the United States of America , and the Confederate States of America . Other nicknames include "World's Whitest Beaches" (due to the white sand of Florida panhandle beaches), "Cradle of Naval Aviation", "Western Gate to the Sunshine State", "America's First Settlement", " Emerald Coast ", " Redneck Riviera ", and "P-Cola". [REDACTED]   Spanish Empire 1559–1719, 1722–1763 and 1781–1821 [REDACTED] French Empire 1719–1722 [REDACTED] British Empire 1763–1781 [REDACTED]   United States 1821–1861 [REDACTED]   Confederate States of America 1861–1865 [REDACTED]   United States 1865 to present The original inhabitants of

1425-472: Is sloped up northward from Pensacola Bay, with most of the city at an elevation above that which a potential hurricane storm surge could affect. Weather statistics since the late 20th century have been recorded at the airport. The city has seen single digit temperatures (below −12 °C) on three occasions: 5 °F (−15 °C) on January 21, 1985 ; 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 13, 1899 ; and 8 °F (−13 °C) on January 11, 1982. According to

1500-723: Is stationed in Pensacola. Naval Air Station Pensacola hosted the commissioning ceremony of the United States Navy 's newest amphibious transport dock , the USS Richard M. McCool Jr. (LPD 29) on September 7, 2024. The ceremony featured Shana McCool, the granddaughter of Richard M. McCool Jr. , Shana served as the ship's sponsor. Notable attendees included the Secretary of the Navy and the Chief of Naval Operations . LPD 29

1575-640: Is the 13th ship of the San Antonio-class to be commissioned in the United States Navy and is the first vessel to bear the namesake of Richard M. McCool Jr. Pensacola is home to a number of annual festivals , events, historic tours, and landmarks. The Pensacola Seafood Festival and the Pensacola Crawfish Festival have been held for nearly 30 years in the city's historic downtown. The Great Gulfcoast Arts Festival

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1650-596: Is the principal city of the Pensacola Metropolitan Statistical Area , which had 511,503 residents in 2020. Pensacola was first settled by the Spanish Empire in 1559, predating the establishment of St. Augustine by six years, and was abandoned due to a significant hurricane and not re-established until 1698. Pensacola is a seaport on Pensacola Bay , which is protected by the barrier island of Santa Rosa and connects to

1725-660: The Gulf of Mexico . A large United States Naval Air Station , the first in the United States, is located in Pensacola. It is the base of the Blue Angels flight demonstration team and the National Naval Aviation Museum . The University of West Florida is situated north of the city center. The area was originally inhabited by Muskogean-speaking peoples. The Pensacola people lived there at

1800-604: The Köppen climate classification system, Pensacola has a humid subtropical climate , ( Köppen Cfa ), with short, mild winters and hot, humid summers. Typical summer conditions have highs in the lower 90s °F (32–34 °C) and lows in the mid 70s °F (23–24 °C). Afternoon or evening thunderstorms are common during the summer months. Due partly to the coastal location, temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) are relatively rare, and last occurred in June 2011, when two of

1875-537: The Pensacola Bay area were Native American peoples. At the time of European contact, a Muskogean -speaking tribe known to the Spanish as the Pensacola , lived in the region. This name was not recorded until 1677, but the tribe appears to be the source of the name "Pensacola" for the bay and thence the city. Creek people , also Muskogean-speaking, came regularly from present-day southern Alabama to trade, so

1950-648: The Seven Years' War ), and French cession of its territories in North America. The British designated Pensacola as the capital of their new colony of West Florida . From 1763, the British strengthened defenses around the mainland area of fort San Carlos de Barrancas , building the Royal Navy Redoubt. George Johnstone was appointed as the first British Governor, and in 1764 a colonial assembly

2025-599: The Southern colonies to come to Florida as a refuge, promising freedom in exchange for conversion to Catholicism . Most went to the area around St. Augustine , but escaped slaves also reached Pensacola. After years of settlement, the Spanish ceded Florida to the British in 1763 as a result of an exchange following British victory over both France and Spain in the French and Indian War (the North American theater of

2100-604: The City of Pensacola in previous referendums, they largely identify as residents of Pensacola. Examples of these CDPs include Goulding , Ferry Pass , Ensley , Bellview , Myrtle Grove , Warrington , and West Pensacola. According to the United States Census Bureau , Pensacola has a total area of 40.7 sq mi (105.4 km ), consisting of 22.5 sq mi (58.4 km ) of land and 18.1 sq mi (47.0 km ), 44.62%, water. The land

2175-433: The Pensacola area from southern Alabama after Indian removal of the 1830s. In 1908, a citywide streetcar strike occurred in the city , this led to state militia being stationed in the city and martial law being declared. Pensacola is located on the north side of Pensacola Bay . It is 59 mi (95 km) east of Mobile, Alabama , and 196 mi (315 km) west of Tallahassee , the capital of Florida . Although

2250-576: The Three Mile Bridge. Over $ 6 billion in damage occurred in the metro area and more than 10,000 homes were destroyed, with another 27,000 heavily damaged. 105,000 households in Northwest Florida were impacted in some way by the storm, and 4,300 businesses in the area permanently closed as a result of Hurricane Ivan. NASA created a comparison image to illustrate the massive damage. This widespread destruction of property caused

2325-506: The U.S. Census dataset was in 1850, with a total recorded population of 2,164. Pensacola was Florida's largest city in 1860 with the population of 2,876. As of the census of 2020, there were 509,905 people in the Pensacola metropolitan area ( MSA ). As of the 2020 United States census , there were 54,312 people, 22,926 households, and 12,247 families residing in the city. As of the 2010 United States census , there were 51,923 people, 23,768 households, and 13,646 families residing in

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2400-858: The United States subsequently failed to win the Battle of Pensacola . After the fall of New Orleans in 1862 the Confederacy abandoned the city and it was occupied by the North. In June, 1861, the Pensacola Guards were mustered in as a company in the 1st Florida Infantry Regiment . In 1907–1908 there were 116 Creek in Pensacola who applied for the Eastern Cherokee enrollment, thinking that all Indians were eligible to enroll. Based on Alabama census records, most of these individuals have been found to be descendants of Creek who had migrated to

2475-884: The United States, followed by Towson , the county seat of Baltimore County, Maryland . Likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey , though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township , an incorporated municipality. In some states, often those that were among the original Thirteen Colonies , county seats include or formerly included "Court House" as part of their name, such as Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia . Most counties have only one county seat. However, some counties in Alabama , Arkansas , Georgia , Iowa , Kentucky , Massachusetts , Mississippi , Missouri , New Hampshire , New York , and Vermont have two or more county seats, usually located on opposite sides of

2550-485: The area were noted through records, travelers' accounts, and paintings of the era, including some by George Washington Sully and George Catlin . Creek women were also recorded in marriages to Spanish men, in court records or deeds. In 1821, with Andrew Jackson as provisional governor, Pensacola became part of the United States. The city was officially incorporated as a municipality in 1822. The Creek continued to interact with European Americans and African Americans, but

2625-466: The city was $ 30,556. About 12.7% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 26.2% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over. The city has been referred to as "The Cradle of Naval Aviation". Naval Air Station Pensacola (NASP) was the first Naval Air Station commissioned by the U.S. Navy in 1914. Tens of thousands naval aviators have received their training there, including John H. Glenn , USMC, who became

2700-557: The city, sparing it the damage received from Ivan the year before. However, hurricane and near-hurricane-force winds were recorded in downtown, causing moderate damage. Pensacola received only a glancing blow from Hurricane Katrina in 2005, resulting in light to moderate damage reported in the area. The aftermath of the extensive damage from Katrina was a dramatic reduction in tourism coming from Louisiana , Mississippi and Alabama . On September 16, 2004, Pensacola and several surrounding areas were devastated by Hurricane Ivan. Pensacola

2775-545: The city. As of the census of 2010, there were 448,991 people in the Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ). The population density was 2,303.5 inhabitants per square mile (889.4/km ). There were 26,848 housing units at an average density of 1,189.4 per square mile (459.2/km ). In 2010, there were 24,524 households, out of which 24.6% had children living with them, 39.7% were married couples living together, 16.7% had

2850-406: The coast; but in 1561, the effort was abandoned. Some of the survivors eventually sailed to Santa Elena, but another storm struck there. Survivors made their way to Cuba and finally returned to Pensacola, where the remaining fifty at Pensacola were taken back to Veracruz . The Viceroy's advisers later concluded that northwest Florida was too dangerous to settle. They ignored it for 137 years. In

2925-526: The counties after his unification, there were about 1,000. Under the Eastern Han dynasty , the number of counties increased to above 1,000. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of

3000-418: The county, especially if it is geographically large. A county seat is usually an incorporated municipality . The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia , where the county seat is the entire county. Ellicott City , the county seat of Howard County, Maryland , is the largest unincorporated county seat in

3075-420: The county. Examples include Harrison County, Mississippi , which has both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats, and Hinds County, Mississippi , which has both Raymond and the state capital of Jackson . The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult. There have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of civic pride for

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3150-486: The dominant whites increasingly imposed their binary racial classifications: white and black ("colored", within which were included free people of color , including Indians). However, American Indians and mestizos were identified separately in court and Catholic church records, and as Indians in censuses up until 1840, attesting to their presence in the society. After that, the Creek were not separately identified as Indian, but

3225-606: The east of the current structure, and on the same footprint of the eventual westbound structure. The original bridge, a narrow two-lane facility, called the Thomas A. Johnson Bridge, was replaced by the Sen. Philip D. Beall Sr. Bridge on October 31, 1960. The original bridge, which had been in service since June 13, 1931, was tolled and was signed as TOLL US 98 until the bridge bonds were paid off. The decommissioned original bridge served as two 1.5-mile-long fishing piers until they were largely destroyed by Hurricane Ivan in 2004. By 2007,

3300-407: The end of the bridge's 50-year design life , that the bridge was structurally deficient and would have to be replaced within six years. As of 2011, a study is underway to determine the "feasibility, location, and conceptual design" of a replacement bridge. As of February 2013, plans have begun to replace the bridge with construction beginning within two years, at a cost of $ 595.6 million, on

3375-576: The first American to orbit the Earth in 1962, and Neil Armstrong , who became the first man to set foot on the Moon in 1969. The Navy's Flight Demonstration Squadron, the Blue Angels , is stationed there. The National Museum of Naval Aviation is located on the Naval Air Station and is free to the public. The museum cares for and exhibits hundreds of vintage Naval Aviation aircraft and preserves

3450-557: The first four days of the month recorded highs reaching the century mark. The highest temperature ever recorded in the city was 106 °F (41 °C) on July 14, 1980. In the 1991–2020 climate normals, the daily average temperature in January is 53.2 °F (11.8 °C). Freezing temperatures occur an average of 11 days per winter, with the average first and last dates for a freeze being December 12 and February 14, giving Pensacola an average growing season of 301 days. However,

3525-513: The fishing pier alone estimated to be $ 28 million USD . In 1989, the bridge was struck by a barge and was out of service for several months. All traffic was diverted to ferries , causing severe backups in both Gulf Breeze and downtown Pensacola. The Florida Department of Transportation took the opportunity to modernize the bridge, adding emergency lanes and replacing barrier walls and lighting . FDOT announced in January ;2010, near

3600-480: The following months as construction is completed. The new westbound bridge was opened in early 2023. [REDACTED] Media related to Pensacola Bay Bridge at Wikimedia Commons Pensacola, Florida Pensacola ( / ˌ p ɛ n s ə ˈ k oʊ l ə / PEN -sə- KOH -lə ) is a city in the Florida Panhandle in the United States. It is the county seat and only city in Escambia County . It

3675-659: The history of Naval Aviation through displays, symposiums, IMAX movies and tours. Information Warfare Training Command Corry Station serves as an annex for the main base and the Center for Information Warfare Training Command . CWO3 Gary R. Schuetz Memorial Health Clinic is at Corry Station, Naval Hospital Pensacola, as is the main Navy Exchange and Defense Commissary Agency commissary complex for both Corry Station and NAS Pensacola. The Army National Guard B Troop 1-153 Cavalry, Bravo Company 146th Expeditionary Signal Battalion

3750-424: The imperial bureaucratic structure; in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate , who oversaw both the day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of

3825-475: The incorporated city limits of Pensacola are relatively small, there are numerous census designated places (CDPs) located immediately outside of the incorporated city limits that are widely considered to be Pensacola. Due to their proximity to the city limits, their mailing addresses being listed as Pensacola, and lack of independent government services apart from the City of Pensacola and Escambia County. While residents of these CDPs have rejected incorporation into

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3900-585: The increase of Han Chinese population in Taiwan, the number of counties also grew by time. By the end of Qing era, there were 11 counties in Taiwan. Protestant missionaries in China first romanized the term as hien . When Taiwan became a Japanese colony in 1895, the hierarchy of divisions also incorporated into the Japanese system in the period when Taiwan was under Japanese rule. By September 1945, Taiwan

3975-625: The independent city under an agreement, such as in Albemarle , or may in be enclaves of the county surrounded by the independent city, such as in Fairfax . Others, such as Prince William , have the courthouse in an enclave surrounded by the independent city and have the county government, the Board of Supervisors, in a different part of the county, far from the county seat. The following counties have their county seat in an independent city: Bedford

4050-838: The invitation. Once the American War of Independence had broken out, the colonists remained overwhelmingly loyal to the Crown. In 1778 the Willing Expedition proceeded with a small force down the Mississippi, ransacking estates and plantations, until they were eventually defeated by a local militia. In the wake of this, the area received a small number of British reinforcements. British military resources were limited and Pensacola ranked fairly low on their list of priorities. For this reason only small token amounts of British military forces were ever sent to defend Pensacola. This

4125-491: The late 17th century, the French began exploring the lower Mississippi River with the intention of colonizing the region as part of La Louisiane or New France in North America. Fearful that Spanish territory would be threatened, the Spanish founded a new settlement in western Florida. In 1698 they established a fortified town near what is now Fort Barrancas , laying the foundation for permanent European-dominated settlement of

4200-758: The later years of the Qing dynasty . Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. There are 1,355 counties in Mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions. In Taiwan , the first counties were first established in 1661 by the Kingdom of Tungning . The later ruler Qing empire inherited this type of administrative divisions. With

4275-454: The latter of which documented the name "Bay of Ochuse". In the age of sailing ships Pensacola was the busiest port on the Gulf of Mexico, having the deepest harbor on the Gulf. On August 15, 1559, Tristán de Luna y Arellano landed with some 1,500 people on 11 ships from Veracruz , Mexico. The expedition was to establish an outpost, ultimately called Santa María de Ochuse by Luna, as

4350-521: The modern city of Pensacola. The Spanish built three presidios in Pensacola: During the early years of settlement, a triracial creole society developed. As a fortified trading post, the Spanish had mostly men stationed here. Some married or had unions with Pensacola, Creek or African women, both slave and free, and their descendants created a mixed-race population of mestizos and mulattos . The Spanish encouraged fugitive slaves from

4425-658: The people did not disappear. Even after removal of many Seminole to Indian Territory, Indians, often of mixed-race but culturally identifying as Muskogean, lived throughout Florida. St. Michael's Cemetery was established in the 18th century at a location in a south central part of the city, which developed as the Downtown area. Initially owned by the Church of St. Michael, it is now owned and managed by St. Michael's Cemetery Foundation of Pensacola, Inc. Preliminary studies indicate that there are over 3,200 marked burials as well as

4500-480: The peoples were part of a broader regional and even continental network of relations. The best-known Pensacola culture site in terms of archeology is the Bottle Creek site, a large site located 59 mi (95 km) west of Pensacola north of Mobile, Alabama . This site has at least 18 large earthwork mounds, five of which are arranged around a central plaza. Its main occupation was from 1250 CE to 1550. It

4575-727: The provinces of Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia the term "shire town" is used in place of county seat. County seats in China are the administrative centers of the counties in the People's Republic of China . Xian have existed since the Warring States period and were set up nationwide by the Qin dynasty . The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. As Qin Shi Huang reorganized

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4650-628: The relatively recent winter season of 2018-19 did not record a freeze, the median first and last freeze dates are earlier and later than the averages of December 12 and February 14, and the median number of freezes per season is 11 or fewer. The mean coldest temperature reached in a given winter season is about 24 °F (−4.4 °C); although the median is slightly higher, at no colder than 25 °F (−3.9 °C) most years, placing Pensacola in USDA zone 9b. Temperatures below 20 °F (−6.7 °C) are very rare, and last occurred on January 8, 2015, when

4725-421: The remainder of the northernmost fishing pier was demolished. Demolition has begun on the southernmost part of the fishing pier. In 2010, construction was completed on a northern replacement fishing pier about half as long as the original pier. As of June 1, 2021, however, the northern replacement fishing pier is out of service, sustaining major damage as a result of rogue barges from Hurricane Sally, with damages to

4800-777: The state's area, has no borough government or borough seat. One borough, the Lake and Peninsula Borough , has its borough seat located in another borough, namely King Salmon in Bristol Bay Borough . In Louisiana , which is divided into parishes rather than counties, county seats are referred to as "parish seats". In New England , counties have served mainly as dividing lines for the states' judicial systems. Rhode Island has no county level of government and thus no county seats, and Massachusetts has dissolved many but not all of its county governments. In Vermont , Massachusetts , and Maine county government consists only of

4875-514: The time of European contact, and Creek people frequently visited and traded from present-day southern Alabama and Mississippi and southeast of Louisiana . Spanish explorer Tristán de Luna founded a short-lived settlement in 1559. In 1698 the Spanish established a presidio in the area, from which the modern city gradually developed. The area changed hands several times as European powers competed in North America. During Florida's British rule (1763–1781), fortifications were strengthened. It

4950-416: The towns involved, along with providing employment opportunities. There are 33 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states: Alaska is divided into boroughs rather than counties; the county seat in these case is referred to as the "borough seat"; this includes six consolidated city-borough governments (one of which is styled as a "municipality"). The Unorganized Borough, Alaska , which covers 49% of

5025-544: The use of county seats in particular, will fully transition with the permission of the United States Census Bureau to a system of councils of government for the purposes of boundary definition and as county equivalents. Two counties in South Dakota , Oglala Lakota and Todd , have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county. Their county-level services are provided by Fall River County and Tripp County , respectively. In Virginia ,

5100-457: Was a ceremonial center for the Pensacola people and a gateway to their society. This site would have had easy access by a dugout canoe , the main mode of transportation used by the Pensacola. The area's written recorded history begins in the 16th century, with documentation by Spanish explorers who were the first Europeans to reach the area. The expeditions of Pánfilo de Narváez in 1528 and Hernando de Soto in 1539 both visited Pensacola Bay,

5175-477: Was a pattern repeated in many Southern settlements. Children of white fathers and Indian mothers were not designated as Indian in the late 19th century, whereas children of blacks or mulattos were classified within the black community, related to laws during the slavery years. Pensacola experienced the Civil War when in 1861 Confederate forces lost the nearby Battle of Santa Rosa Island and federal forces of

5250-487: Was accomplished by Joe and Steve Evans, brothers from the MidWest. It took approximately 15 minutes of biking each way to fully cover the distance. However, the bridge was involved in two separate incidents during Hurricane Sally in the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season . On September 15, a barge broke loose and got stuck under the bridge, causing it to temporarily close. Later, during the early morning hours of September 16,

5325-570: Was conquered again by the US in 1818. In 1819, Spain and the United States negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty , by which Spain recognized the American control over Florida in exchange of the American recognition of Spanish control over Texas . A Spanish census of 1820 indicated 181 households in the town, with a third of mixed-blood . The people were predominantly French and Spanish Creole. Indians in

5400-573: Was divided into 8 prefectures ( 州 and 廳 ), which remained after the Republic of China took over. There are 13 county seats in Taiwan, which function as county-administered cities , urban townships , or rural townships . In most of the United States , a county is an administrative or political subdivision of a state that consists of a geographic area with specific boundaries and usually some level of governmental authority. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government

5475-638: Was established. The structure of the colony was modeled after the existing British colonies in America , as opposed to French Canada , which was based on a different structure. West Florida was invited to send delegates to the First Continental Congress which was convened to present colonial grievances against the British Parliament to George III , but along with several other colonies, including East Florida, they declined

5550-586: Was in contrast to colonies such as South Carolina, where large numbers of British soldiers were sent. After Spain joined the American Revolution in 1779 on the side of the rebels, Spanish forces captured the city in the 1781 Siege of Pensacola , gaining control of West Florida. After the war, the British officially ceded both West Florida and East Florida to Spain as part of the post-war peace settlement . In 1785 many Creek from southern Alabama and Georgia came to trade and Pensacola developed as

5625-604: Was on the eastern side of the eyewall , which sent a large storm surge into Escambia Bay ; this destroyed most of the I-10 Escambia Bay Bridge . The storm knocked 58 spans off the eastbound and westbound bridges and misaligned another 66 spans, forcing the bridge to close to traffic in both directions. The surge also destroyed the fishing bridge that spanned Pensacola Bay alongside the Phillip Beale Memorial Bridge, locally known as

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