The Trenton Freedom was a professional indoor football team based in Trenton, New Jersey . The Freedom were a member of the Professional Indoor Football League (PIFL). The Freedom began play in 2014 as an expansion member of the PIFL. The Freedom played their home games at the Sun National Bank Center .
114-406: In August 2013, Owners Dennis Williams and Michael Schubiger announced their intentions to bring an indoor football team back to Trenton, New Jersey . The owners held name the team contest, and picked the name "Freedom," as well as named Adam Turkel to be the team's first head coach and general manager. When looking for a league to play in, Williams and Schubiger both were lobbying to become members of
228-451: A "phased restart of some 2020 census field operations in select geographic areas" and said they had "ordered personal protective equipment (PPE) for all field staff, including those that work in a field office. These materials will be secured and provided to staff prior to restarting operations." Publicly published procurement data shows that an award was signed on April 28, 2020, for non-medical, reusable face masks for area census offices in
342-596: A $ 5,001,393.60 contract awarded to Industries for the Blind and Visually Impaired, Inc. Around that time, two contracts for hand sanitizer were awarded to Travis Association for the Blind , one signed on May 9, 2020, in a $ 57,390.00 contract and the other signed on May 13, 2020, in a $ 557,251.20 contract, with both contracts listing the place of principal performance as Jeffersonville, Indiana. The agency decided that face shields were necessary to protect employees from COVID-19 exposure, but provided them only to personnel at
456-557: A 150-foot (46 m) granite column topped with a statue of George Washington, was built in 1893 to commemorate the battle. Trenton became the state capital in 1790, but prior to that year the New Jersey Legislature often met in the city. The city was incorporated on November 13, 1792. In 1792, the New Jersey State House was built, making it the third-oldest state house in the country. In 1799,
570-536: A 49–47 comeback win over the defending PIFL champion Alabama Hammers June 14, the Freedom clinched the regular-season National Conference title and a home playoff game in the franchise's first season. The Freedom dropped a 52–49 decision to the Georgia Fire in the team's final regular-season home game. The Freedom finished the regular season with an 8–4 record, the 2nd best in the league, but were defeated by
684-583: A July 15 list of media vendors showed only plans through the end of July. On August 3, 2020, the Census Bureau announced that field collection would end on September 30, rather than October 31 as planned in April. In a leaked internal document, Census Bureau career officials determined that starting Nonresponse Followup Operations in this Replan would put the health and safety of employees at risk, stating, "These ACOs will have to deploy staff regardless of
798-524: A July daily average of 76.3 °F (24.6 °C); temperatures reaching or exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) occur on 21.8 days. Episodes of extreme heat and humidity can occur with heat index values reaching 100 °F (38 °C). Extremes in air temperature have ranged from −14 °F (−26 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) as recently as July 22, 2011. However, air temperatures reaching 0 °F (−18 °C) or 100 °F (38 °C) are uncommon. Winters are cold and damp:
912-492: A June 5, 2020, press release, the U.S. Census Bureau announced additional area census offices (ACOs) would "restart" on June 8, saying that with "these additions, field activities have restarted in 247 of 248 area census offices stateside, all ACOs in Puerto Rico and the island areas, and 98.9% of the nation's update leave workload will have resumed." The June 5 press release was reissued on June 9, 2020, which included
1026-548: A day in his schedule to give a deposition to the court related to the addition of the census question prior to the planned start of the trial in November. The Trump administration filed a writ of mandamus to the United States Supreme Court , requesting that they postpone the trial, and also to defer any involvement with Ross until the start of the trial. The Supreme Court issued an order that allowed
1140-413: A dispute over whether this classification should be considered a white ethnicity or a separate race. According to the Census Bureau, 60.0% of all U.S. households had submitted their census questionnaire by May 22, 2020—either online, by mail or by phone. Most U.S. households were mailed an invitation letter between March 12–20 to self-respond. They account for more than 95% of all U.S. households. Prior to
1254-576: A group of black men arrested for the alleged murder of an elderly white shopkeeper in January 1948 with a soda bottle. They were arrested without warrants, denied lawyers and sentenced to death based on what were described as coerced confessions. With the involvement of the Communist Party and the NAACP, there were several appeals, resulting in a total of four trials. Eventually the accused men (with
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#17327986480591368-497: A matter related to a trial before evidence has been presented. Judge Furman ruled in January 2019 that the addition of the citizenship question to the census was unlawful, saying "the decision to add a citizenship question to the 2020 census – even if it did not violate the Constitution itself – was unlawful for a multitude of independent reasons and must be set aside." The Justice Department filed
1482-533: A petition for writ of certiorari before judgment to have the case directly heard by the Supreme Court and bypass the normal appeal which would have been heard by the Second Circuit , given the pending deadline of June 2019 to publish the census forms. The Supreme Court accepted the petition related to Furman's ruling on February 15, 2019, a separate matter from the question of Ross's deposition, and
1596-542: A similar shift by the New Haven, Connecticut , area to the New York area, they were the first two cases where metropolitan statistical areas differed from their defined Nielsen television markets. Trenton was the site of the studios of the former public television station New Jersey Network . 2020 United States census The 2020 United States census was the 24th decennial United States census . Census Day,
1710-580: A smaller number of seats shifting than was forecast by independent analysts. State and local officials use censuses to redraw boundaries for districts such as congressional districts ( redistricting ), state legislative districts, and school districts. Dozens of federal programs use census data to help direct funding to state and local areas. Census results help determine how more than $ 675 billion in federal funding are allocated to states and communities each year for roads, schools, hospitals (health clinics), emergency services, and more. The 2020 census
1824-429: A wholesale and retail bakery established in 1936. De Lorenzo's Tomato Pies and Papa's Tomato Pies were also fixtures of the city for many years, though both recently relocated to the suburbs. Portions of Trenton are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone . The city was selected in 1983 as one of the initial group of 10 zones chosen to participate in the program. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within
1938-426: Is 7a with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of 1.2 °F (−17.1 °C). The average precipitation is 45.47 inches (115 cm) per year, which is fairly evenly distributed through the year. The driest month on average is February, with 2.63 in (67 mm) of precipitation on average, while the wettest month is July with 4.39 in (11 cm) of rainfall on average which corresponds with
2052-670: Is also the second-smallest of the United States capital cities , behind Annapolis, Maryland . Several bridges across the Delaware River connect Trenton to Morrisville , Pennsylvania , all of which are operated by the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission . The Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge , originally constructed in 1952, stretches 1,324 feet (404 m), carrying U.S. Route 1 . The Lower Trenton Bridge , bearing
2166-770: Is geographically closer to Philadelphia, many people who have recently moved to the area commute to New York City, and have moved there to escape the New York region's high housing costs. Trenton is one of two state capitals that border another state—the other being Carson City, Nevada . It is also one of the seven state capitals located within the Piedmont Plateau . Trenton borders Ewing Township , Hamilton Township and Lawrence Township in Mercer County; and Falls Township , Lower Makefield Township and Morrisville in Bucks County, Pennsylvania , across
2280-558: Is more accurate and far less expensive. However, Wilbur Ross , secretary of the United States Department of Commerce which oversees the Census Bureau, decided the administrative approach alone would not be sufficient. The Census Bureau announced in March 2018 its plan to add a question related to citizenship for the 2020 census: "Is this person a citizen of the United States?". For the 2020 census, Ross told Congress
2394-479: Is now one of the most economically distressed, torn apart by race riots following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968. Nonetheless, the area still retains many important architectural and historic sites. North Trenton still has a large Polish-American neighborhood that borders Lawrence Township, many of whom attend St. Hedwig's Roman Catholic Church on Brunswick Avenue. St. Hedwig's church
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#17327986480592508-505: Is prohibited by Title 13 United States code. It has been challenged, but the Supreme Court has always prevailed in reference to Title 13 to protect the confidentiality and privacy of information provided. Based on those questions and a subsequent executive order, the 2020 census asked: The United States Census Bureau proposed but then withdrew plans to add a new category to classify Middle Eastern and North African peoples, over
2622-550: Is seeking statutory relief from Congress of 120 additional calendar days to deliver final apportionment counts. Under this plan, the Census Bureau would extend the window for field data collection and self-response to October 31, 2020, which will allow for apportionment counts to be delivered to the President by April 30, 2021, and redistricting data to be delivered to the states no later than September 30, 2021. On April 24, 2020, Dillingham and other Census Bureau officials briefed
2736-460: Is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County . It was the capital of the United States from November 1 until December 24, 1784. Trenton and Princeton are the two principal cities of the Trenton–Princeton metropolitan statistical area , which encompasses those cities and all of Mercer County for statistical purposes and constitutes part of
2850-649: Is the smallest neighborhood in Trenton and is home to the Trenton Transit Center and Trenton Central High School . The Chambersburg neighborhood is within the East Ward and was once noted in the region as a destination for its many Italian restaurants and pizzerias. With changing demographics, many of these businesses have either closed or relocated to suburban locations. West Ward is the home of Trenton's more suburban neighborhoods. Neighborhoods in
2964-406: Is used to determine federal funds, grants, and support to states. The Census Bureau had included a citizenship question until 1950 when it was removed, though it continued to include a question asking about place of birth. In a January 2018 memo, an initial evaluation by Census Bureau officials advised against such a question, saying that compiling citizenship data from existing administrative records
3078-508: The 2010 census count of 84,913, which in turn had reflected a decline of 490 (−0.6%) from the 85,403 counted in the 2000 census . The Census Bureau 's Population Estimates Program calculated that the city's population was 89,661 in 2022, ranking the city the 382nd-most-populous in the country . Trenton is the only city in New Jersey that serves three separate commuter rail transit systems ( Amtrak , NJ Transit , and SEPTA ), and
3192-556: The Administrative Procedures Act (APA). They also agreed that the answers Commerce had provided at the time appeared to be "contrived" and pretextual, leaving open the possibility that Commerce could offer a better rationale. The case was remanded back to the District Court, to allow Commerce to provide a better explanation for the rationale of the question to the District Court, who would deem if that
3306-728: The American Revolutionary War , Trenton was the site of the Battle of Trenton . On December 25–26, 1776, George Washington and his army crossed the icy Delaware River to Trenton, where they defeated Hessian troops garrisoned there. The second battle of Trenton, Battle of the Assunpink Creek , was fought here on January 2, 1777. After the war, the Congress of the Confederation met for two months at
3420-471: The Delaware River in Pennsylvania . The Northeast Corridor goes through Trenton. A straight line drawn between Center City, Philadelphia and Downtown Manhattan would pass within 2000 feet of the New Jersey State House . Trenton is home to numerous neighborhoods and sub-neighborhoods. The main neighborhoods are taken from the four cardinal directions (North, South, East, and West). Trenton
3534-577: The French Arms Tavern from November 1, 1784, to December 24, 1784. While the city was preferred by New England and other northern states as a permanent capital for the new country, the southern states ultimately prevailed in their choice of a location south of the Mason–Dixon line . On April 21, 1789, the city hosted a reception for George Washington on his journey to New York City for his first inauguration . The Trenton Battle Monument ,
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3648-590: The French and Indian War . On January 19, 1764, Benjamin Franklin , Postmaster General of the colonies, appointed Abraham Hunt , a Lieutenant Colonel in the New Jersey Hunterdon County militia and prominent merchant in Trenton, as the city's first postmaster. Hunt was again appointed Trenton's postmaster on October 13, 1775, shortly after the American Revolutionary War broke out. During
3762-707: The House Committee on Oversight and Reform on the agency's response to the COVID-19 emergency. This briefing came after many requests from the committee since March 12, 2020, including a last-minute cancellation on April 20, 2020. In the briefing, Albert E. Fontenot Jr. , the associate director for decennial census programs, explained that the bureau was planning a "phased start to many of our census operations" rather than beginning field operations nationwide on June 1, 2020, as previously announced and said operations would resume at different times in different areas of
3876-762: The Lehigh Valley Steelhawks in the National Conference Championship Game by a score of 49–38. On August 26, 2015, the Freedom announced that they wouldn't be returning to play in 2016. Running backs Wide receivers Defensive linemen Defensive backs Kickers Exempt list Failure to report Left squad → More rosters The following is a list of all Freedom players who won league awards: The following Freedom players were named to All-League Teams: Head coach Offensive coaches Defensive coaches Trenton, New Jersey Trenton
3990-584: The New York combined statistical area by the U.S. Census Bureau . However, Trenton directly borders the Philadelphia metropolitan area to its west, and the city was part of the Philadelphia combined statistical area from 1990 until 2000. In the 2020 United States census , Trenton was the state's 10th-most-populous municipality , with a population of 90,871, an increase of 5,958 (+7.0%) from
4104-681: The Professional Indoor Football League (PIFL). In September, the team officially became the 7th member of the PIFL for the 2014 season. In November 2013, the team announced that they were replacing Turkel with Kevin O'Hanlon as the team's inaugural coach. The Freedom began their inaugural season on March 30, 2014 at home, defeating the Richmond Raiders 52–17. Quarterback Warren Smith threw for four touchdowns and ran for two more. Defensive Back Domonic Joseph
4218-408: The U.S. Government Publishing Office said the agency failed to check the company's financial status and improperly allowed the company to lower its bid after other bids were unsealed. The coronavirus pandemic caused delays to census field operations and counts of the homeless and people living in group quarters. As of April 1, 2020 , Census Day, the Census Bureau still planned to complete
4332-535: The 1970s, largely due to economic and social shifts to the suburbs surrounding the city. Today Chambersburg has a large Latino community. Many of the Latino immigrants are from Mexico, Guatemala and Nicaragua. There is also a significant and growing Asian community in the Chambersburg neighborhood primarily made up of Burmese and Bhutanese/Nepali refugees. The North Ward , once a mecca for the city's middle class,
4446-463: The 19th century, Trenton grew steadily, as European immigrants came to work in its pottery and wire rope mills. Trenton became known as an industrial hub for railroads , trucking , rubber , plastics , metalworking , electrical , automobile parts, glass , and textiles industries. In 1837, with the population now too large for government by council, a new mayoral government was adopted, with by-laws that remain in operation to this day. During
4560-529: The 2020 census due to COVID-19 health and safety concerns. In the statement, it was explained that "steps [were] being taken to reactivate field offices beginning June 1, 2020", "in-person activities, including all interaction with the public, enumeration, office work and processing activities, [would] incorporate the most current guidance to promote the health and safety of staff and the public" including " personal protective equipment (PPE) and social distancing practices". This release stated "in order to ensure
4674-463: The 50 states and the national capital of Washington, D.C. , reflecting an increase of 7.4 percent, or 22,703,743, over that of 2010. The growth rate was the second-lowest ever recorded, and the net increase was the sixth-highest in history. This was the first census where the 10 most-populous states each surpassed 10 million residents, and the first census where the 10 most-populous cities each surpassed 1 million residents. This census's data determined
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4788-630: The Blind and Visually Impaired, Inc. and the other was a contract for $ 2,107,000.00 awarded to NewView Oklahoma for blue nitrile gloves, both with a place of principal performance listed as Jeffersonville, Indiana. A press release on May 22, 2020, announced May 25 "restart" dates for ten more states. An OSHA complaint was made from Concord, California , on April 3, 2020, that there were at least two confirmed cases of COVID-19 unrecorded on OSHA 300 logs and that employees were working in close quarters with no disinfection of shared equipment such as headsets, laptops, and tablets. The published restart date for
4902-513: The COVID-19 emergency by March 20, 2020. The inspector general's memo asked how the Bureau would address staff and enumerator safety. Dillingham's April 15 letter: The Census Bureau is closely coordinating the acquisition of needed PPE materials for field and office staff through the Department of Commerce's Coronavirus Taskforce. Federal partners include the Department of Homeland Security and
5016-415: The COVID-19 risk in those areas to open on these dates." On September 8, 2020, Mark H. Zabarsky, Principal Assistant Inspector General for Audit and Evaluation published an alert on behalf of the Department of Commerce Office of Inspector General, which stated that the number of COVID-19 related safety issues raised by hotline complaints tripled between July 1 and August 21. The U.S. decennial census
5130-562: The Camden and Amboy Railroad in the 1830s spurred industrial development in Trenton. In 1845, industrialist Peter Cooper opened a rolling mill. In 1848, engineer John Roebling moved his wire rope mill to the city, where suspension cables for bridges were manufactured, including the Brooklyn Bridge . In the late 19th century, Walter Scott Lenox was internationally recognized for the fine china made in his Trenton factory. Throughout
5244-504: The Census Bureau stated 99.98% of addresses had been accounted for, with all but one state over a 99.9% rate. Paper responses postmarked on or before October 15 would be processed, as long as they arrived at the processing center by October 22. As in previous censuses, the 2020 census relied on a network of trusted voices nationwide to help raise awareness, answer questions, and encourage community members to participate. Hundreds of local "complete count committees" are dedicating resources to
5358-533: The Census Bureau's address list and interview households for the 2020 census, claiming "all census takers have been trained on social distancing protocols, and will be issued personal protective equipment (PPE) and will follow local guidelines for their use." The June 12 press release also shared that the communications campaign had been adapted due to the pandemic and would continue through October, "the end of 2020 census data collection operations", with additional paid media planned for July, August and September, though
5472-513: The Centers for Disease Control. We have generated and submitted estimates for equipment needs. On April 15, 2020, the Agency's internal task force met and discussed our estimates for needed equipment, potential delivery dates, and budget implications. We continue to monitor the situation and make adjustments as necessary. To ensure the completeness and accuracy of the 2020 census, the Census Bureau
5586-665: The Concord, California, Area Census Office was May 25, 2020. Offices were reopened in the areas of " American Samoa , the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands , Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands in preparation for resuming operations for the 2020 Island Areas Censuses" on May 22, 2020. On May 29, 2020, a press release was published announcing "restart" of operations in seven additional states and
5700-669: The DOJ letter which justified the policy by claiming it was needed to enforce the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Following this discovery, the United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform issued subpoenas for the Department of Justice to provide materials related to the census question and to question both Commerce secretary Wilbur Ross and United States Attorney General William Barr , seeking action to judge if they are in contempt. The Trump administration on June 12, 2019, asserted executive privilege over portions of
5814-443: The U.S. Census Bureau continued to pay 2020 census employees even though field operations were supposed to be suspended. On March 28, 2020, the U.S. Census Bureau issued another press release announcing 2020 census field operations would be suspended for an additional two weeks, through April 15, 2020. Census Bureau officials communicated to the media that on March 27, 2020, they learned an employee had tested positive for COVID-19 at
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#17327986480595928-634: The United States Code ). Personally identifiable information is private and the Census Bureau itself will never release it. However, the National Archives and Records Administration could release the original census returns in 2092, if the 72-year rule is not changed before then. On census reference day, April 1, 2020, the resident United States population (50 states and Washington, D.C., excluding overseas territories and military members and civilian U.S. citizens living abroad)
6042-526: The Washington, D.C., area starting from the week of June 1. An OSHA complaint was made from Austin, Texas , on May 27, 2020, complaining that CDC guidelines were not being followed, that employees were unable to practice social distancing, and that employees experiencing flu-like symptoms and positive COVID-19 test results continued to come to work, showing the office was open prior to the Census Bureau's published office restart date of June 1, 2020. In
6156-518: The Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the 6 + 5 ⁄ 8 % rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants. Established in January 1986, the city's Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in December 2023. The UEZ program in Trenton and four other original UEZ cities had been allowed to lapse as of January 1, 2017, after Governor Chris Christie , who called
6270-629: The addition of a June 11 "restart" at the Window Rock, Arizona, Area Census Office. Days later, the Navajo Nation began reinstating lockdown restrictions and curfews due to a surge in new cases. A June 12, 2020, press release shared that the update leave (UL) operation had resumed, as well as fingerprinting of selected applicants. The agency announced that the update enumerate (UE) operation would restart on June 14 "in remote parts of northern Maine and southeast Alaska" where employees update
6384-675: The administration had been insisting for months the question needed to be settled by July 1. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has taken steps to introduce the Hofeller evidence into the New York case but it will not be heard until late 2019 after the census forms are to be published. The second suit over the census question came in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California under Judge Richard Seeborg , raised by
6498-619: The agency's National Processing Center in Jeffersonville, Indiana, which the agency kept open during the suspension, claiming they would "transition to the minimum number of on-site staff necessary to continue operations". The agency announced on April 10, 2020, that it took steps to make "more employees available to respond to requests" at the call centers. In a joint statement on April 13, 2020, U.S. Department of Commerce secretary Wilbur Ross and U.S. Census Bureau director Steven Dillingham announced further operational adjustments to
6612-589: The alarm boxes. This experience, along with similar experiences in other major cities, effectively ended the use of open-cab fire engines. As an interim measure, the Trenton Fire Department fabricated temporary cab enclosures from steel deck plating until new equipment could be obtained. The losses incurred by downtown businesses were initially estimated by the city to be $ 7 million, but the total of insurance claims and settlements came to $ 2.5 million. Trenton's Battle Monument neighborhood
6726-479: The annual peak in thunderstorm activity. The all-time single-day rainfall record is 7.25 in (18.4 cm) on September 16, 1999, during the passage of Hurricane Floyd . The all-time monthly rainfall record is 14.55 in (37.0 cm) in August 1955, due to the passage of Hurricane Connie and Hurricane Diane . The wettest year on record was 1996, when 67.90 in (172 cm) of precipitation fell. On
6840-826: The area that is today Trenton were the Lenape Native Americans , specifically the Axion band who were the largest tribe on the Delaware River in the mid-17th century. The first European settlement in what would become Trenton was established by Quakers in 1679, in the region then called the Falls of the Delaware, led by Mahlon Stacy from Handsworth , Sheffield , England . Quakers were being persecuted in England at this time, and North America provided an opportunity to exercise their religious freedom. By 1719,
6954-487: The bureau, its staffing, and its counting measurements, to handle the potential lack of responses due to the citizenship question. During these trials, documents released in May 2019 showed that the late Thomas B. Hofeller , an architect of Republican gerrymandering , had found that adding the census question could help to gerrymander maps that "would be advantageous to Republicans and non-Hispanic whites". Hofeller later wrote
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#17327986480597068-520: The campaign unveiled the 2020 census tagline: "Shape your future. START HERE." The tagline was based on research that demonstrated which types of messages will reach and motivate all populations, including segments of the population who are historically hard to count. The printing company Cenveo won the $ 61 million contract in October 2017 to produce census forms and reminders but went bankrupt less than four months later. The inspector general of
7182-577: The case's oral arguments were heard on April 23, 2019. The Supreme Court issued its decision on June 27, 2019, rejecting the Trump administration's stated rationale for including the question. While the Court majority agreed that the question was allowable under the Enumeration Act, they also agreed with the ability of the District Court to ask Commerce for further explanation for the question under
7296-664: The citizenship numbers were necessary to enforce the Voting Rights Act 's protection against voting discrimination. Ross was accused by Democrats in Congress of lying that the citizenship question was requested by the Justice Department and approved by him. Upon the bureau's announcement, several state and city officials criticized the decision, reiterating the concern about discouraging participation from immigrants, resulting in undercounting, and questioning
7410-518: The city has encouraged a spate of transit-oriented development since 2010. Trenton dates back at least to June 3, 1719, when mention was made of a constable being appointed for Trenton while the area was still part of Hunterdon County . Boundaries were recorded for Trenton Township as of March 2, 1720. A courthouse and jail were constructed in Trenton around 1720, and the Freeholders of Hunterdon County met annually in Trenton. Abraham Hunt
7524-588: The city include: According to the Köppen climate classification , Trenton lies in the transition from a cooler humid continental climate ( Dfa ) and the warmer humid subtropical ( Cfa ), and precipitation fairly evenly distributed through the year. The Cfa climate is the result of adiabatic warming of the Appalachians , low altitude and proximity to the coast without being on the immediate edge for moderate temperatures. Summers are hot and humid, with
7638-487: The city. The population density was 11,101.9 per square mile (4,286.5/km ). There were 33,035 housing units at an average density of 4,319.2 per square mile (1,667.7/km ). The racial makeup was 26.56% (22,549) White , 52.01% (44,160) Black or African American , 0.70% (598) Native American , 1.19% (1,013) Asian , 0.13% (110) Pacific Islander , 15.31% (13,003) from other races , and 4.10% (3,480) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 33.71% (28,621) of
7752-411: The completeness and accuracy of the 2020 census, the Census Bureau is seeking statutory relief from Congress of 120 additional calendar days to deliver final apportionment counts" due to the COVID-19 emergency, and that "under this plan, the Census Bureau would extend the window for field data collection and self-response to October 31, 2020, which will allow for apportionment counts to be delivered to
7866-466: The construction of Route 29, despite the protests toward its construction. After it was built, the area was then mostly filled with parking lots and scattered state office buildings, disconnecting the city from the riverfront. The Trenton Riots of 1968 were a major civil disturbance that took place during the week following the assassination of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. in Memphis on April 4. Race riots broke out nationwide following
7980-624: The count by the end of the year. On March 18, 2020, the U.S. Census Bureau issued a press release by Director Steven Dillingham announcing that 2020 census field operations would be suspended for two weeks until April 1, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic . On March 27, 2020, the agency announced it would temporarily suspend in-person interviews for its on-going surveys. The agency claimed that staffing adjustments at its call centers due to implementing health guidance had "led to increases in call wait times, affecting different languages at different times". According to its own documentation,
8094-458: The country based on federal, state, and local public health guidance, as well as the availability of personal protective equipment, prioritizing reopening mail processing centers and census offices and said the bureau would notify Congress as it begins to restart operations. However, the National Processing Center and Area Census Offices had remained open. Starting on May 4, 2020, the U.S. Census Bureau began publishing dates as it claimed to begin
8208-484: The daily average temperature in January is 32.0 °F (0.0 °C), and temperatures at or below 10 °F (−12 °C) occur on 3.9 nights annually, while there are 17 days where the temperature fails to rise above freezing. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur with wind chill values below 0 °F (−18 °C), every few years. The plant hardiness zone at the Trenton Municipal Court
8322-428: The downtown area by making it the center of state government. Between 1982 and 1992, more than a dozen office buildings were constructed primarily by the state to house state offices. Today, Trenton's biggest employer is still the state of New Jersey. Each weekday, 20,000 state workers flood into the city from the surrounding suburbs. Notable businesses of the thousands based in Trenton include Italian Peoples Bakery ,
8436-491: The efforts nationwide. VMLY&R (formerly Young & Rubicam ) secured the Integrated Communications Contract for the 2020 census campaign in August 2016. As the contract's primary agency of record, VMLY&R created an integrated team for this project, Team Y&R, which includes subcontractors specializing in minority outreach, digital media, earned media and more. In March 2019,
8550-585: The electoral votes' distribution for the 2024 United States presidential election . A subsequent review by the bureau found significant undercounts in several minority populations and in several states. As required by the United States Constitution , the U.S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2010 United States census was the previous census completed. All people in the U.S. 18 and older are legally obligated to answer census questions, and to do so truthfully ( Title 13 of
8664-540: The exception of one who died in prison) were released. The incident was the subject of the book Jersey Justice: The Story of the Trenton Six , written by Cathy Knepper. In the 1950s, the State of New Jersey purchased a large portion of what was then Stacy Park, a large riverfront park located next to downtown that contained large open lawns, landscaping, and promenades . Much of the park was demolished to make way for
8778-547: The federal government relocated its offices to Trenton for a period of several months, following an outbreak of yellow fever in the then-capital of Philadelphia. During the War of 1812 , the United States Army 's primary hospital was at a site on Broad Street. Trenton had maintained an iron industry since the 1730s and a pottery industry since at least 1723. The completion of both the Delaware and Raritan Canal and
8892-412: The flip side, the driest month on record was October 1963, when only 0.05 in (0.1 cm) of rain was recorded. The 28.79 in (73 cm) of precipitation recorded in 1957 were the lowest ever for the city. Snowfall can vary even more year to year. The average seasonal (November–April) snowfall total is 24 to 30 inches (61 to 76 cm), but has ranged from as low as 2 in (5.1 cm) in
9006-547: The franchise's second PIFL Defensive Player of the Week honor by scoring a pair of touchdowns. Success continued at home May 3, as the Freedom rallied with 16 points in the last two minutes to edge Richmond, 33–32, with Marques Slocum earning PIFL Defensive Player of the Week. The winning trend at home continued May 11 with a 52–39 triumph over the Harrisburg Stampede as William Hollis was named PIFL Defensive Player of
9120-526: The headquarters and national processing centers. An OSHA complaint was made from Oklahoma City on May 1, 2020, complaining that employees were not able to practice social distancing and were not provided with adequate personal protective equipment such as gloves and masks, showing the office was open prior to the Census Bureau's published office restart date of May 4, 2020. Additional "restart" dates starting May 18 were published on May 15, 2020, for other geographic areas in eleven states. An OSHA complaint
9234-522: The latter half of the century, Trenton annexed multiple municipalities: South Trenton Borough on April 14, 1851, portions of Nottingham Township on April 14, 1856, Chambersburg and Millham Township on March 30, 1888, and Wilbur borough on February 28, 1898. In 1855, the College of New Jersey was founded in Trenton. In 1865, Rider University was also founded in Trenton. Mercer Community College began in Trenton in 1966. The Trenton Six were
9348-439: The legend "Trenton Makes The World Takes Bridge", is a 1,022-foot (312 m) span that was constructed in 1928 on the site of a bridge that dates back to 1804. The Calhoun Street Bridge , dating back to 1884, is 1,274 feet (388 m) long. Trenton is located near the geographic center of the state, which is located 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of the city. The city is sometimes included as part of North Jersey and as
9462-473: The motives of Secretary Ross in adding the question. Three simultaneous separate federal lawsuits came out of this discovery, occurring at the district courts of New York, Maryland, and California. During the controversy over the census question, the Census Bureau ran a test census in June 2019 on about 480,000 households to determine what effects adding the census question would have on participation, and to prepare
9576-593: The murder of the civil rights activist. More than 200 Trenton businesses, mostly in Downtown, were ransacked and burned. More than 300 people, most of them young black men, were arrested on charges ranging from assault and arson to looting and violating the mayor's emergency curfew. In addition to 16 injured policemen, 15 firefighters were treated at city hospitals for injuries suffered while fighting raging blazes or inflicted by rioters. Area residents pulled false alarms and would then throw bricks at firefighters responding to
9690-511: The ongoing coronavirus pandemic , the remaining 5% of U.S. households (mostly in rural areas) were supposed to be visited by census takers in April/May, dropping off invitation letters to owners. This was delayed, but most census offices restarted work again in mid-May. By July 14, 2020, the self-response rate was 62.1% or 91,800,000 households. The self-response rate was 66.5% in 2010 and 67.4% in 2000. In an update published October 19, 2020,
9804-434: The population were under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 8.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 106.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 107.2 males. The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income
9918-419: The population. Of the 28,578 households, 32.0% had children under the age of 18; 25.1% were married couples living together; 28.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 37.9% were non-families. Of all households, 30.8% were made up of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.40. 25.1% of
10032-531: The president by April 30, 2021, and redistricting data to be delivered to the states no later than September 30, 2021." On April 15, 2020, U.S. Census Bureau director Steven Dillingham wrote to Department of Commerce inspector general Peggy E. Gustafson responding to a March 12, 2020, memo sent by the Office of the Inspector General requesting information about the Census Bureau's plans to respond to
10146-439: The program an "abject failure", vetoed a compromise bill that would have extended the status for two years. In May 2018, Governor Phil Murphy signed a law that reinstated the program in these five cities and extended the expiration date in other zones. In 2018, the city had an average property tax bill of $ 3,274, the lowest in the county, compared to an average bill of $ 8,292 in Mercer County and $ 8,767 statewide. The city had
10260-463: The reference day used for the census , was April 1, 2020. Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census , this was the first U.S. census to offer options to respond online or by phone, in addition to the paper response form used for previous censuses. The census was taken during the COVID-19 pandemic , which affected its administration. The census recorded a resident population of 331,449,281 in
10374-467: The requested documents. As a result, the House committee subsequently voted along party lines to hold both Ross and Barr in contempt that day. The full House voted to hold Ross and Barr in contempt on July 17, 2019, in a 230–198 vote along party lines. A lawsuit, led by New York state's attorney general Barbara Underwood and joined by seventeen other states, fifteen cities and other civil rights groups,
10488-403: The sixth-highest property tax rate in New Jersey, with an equalized rate of 5.264% in 2020, compared to 2.760% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%. Trenton has long been part of the Philadelphia television market. After the 2000 United States census , Trenton was shifted from the Philadelphia metropolitan statistical area to the New York metropolitan statistical area. With
10602-539: The southern tip of North Trenton is the city's Battle Monument, also known as "Five Points". It is a 150 ft (46 m) structure that marks the spot where George Washington 's Continental Army launched the Battle of Trenton during the American Revolutionary War . It faces downtown Trenton and is a symbol of the city's historic past. South Ward is a diverse neighborhood, home to many Latin American, Italian-American, and African American residents. East Ward
10716-673: The southernmost city of the Tri-State Region , while others consider it a part of South Jersey and thus, the northernmost city of the Delaware Valley . However, Mercer County constitutes its own metropolitan statistical area , the Trenton- Princeton MSA. Locals consider Trenton to be a part of Central Jersey , and thus part of neither region. They are generally split as to whether they are within New York or Philadelphia's sphere of influence. While it
10830-489: The state of California and several cities within it. In March 2019, Seeborg similarly found as Furman had in New York that the addition of the census question was unconstitutional and issued an injunction to block its use. The government appealed to the Ninth Circuit before the Supreme Court remanded the case. A similar question related to the intent of the question was raised by several immigrants-rights groups in
10944-470: The town adopted the name "Trent-towne", after William Trent , one of its leading landholders who purchased much of the surrounding land from Stacy's family. This name was later shortened to "Trenton". The first municipal boundaries were recorded on March 2, 1720, and a courthouse and jail were constructed around the same time. In 1758, the Old Barracks were built to house British soldiers during
11058-413: The trial United States Census Bureau v. State of New York to go forward, but agreed to postpone Ross's deposition until after the start of the trial. The Supreme Court also agreed to treat the writ of mandamus as a writ of petition, and granted certiorari to review the question raised by the government of whether a district court can request deposition of a high-ranking executive branch official on
11172-529: The week, the team's third straight selection. With a 52–42 win at Richmond, May 17, the Freedom recorded the franchise's first-ever road victory. The following week, back at home, the Freedom avenged two earlier losses to Lehigh Valley with a 55–42 victory to push their record to a PIFL-best 6–2 atop the National Conference. The Freedom, with a 57–49 win at Harrisburg June 7, clinched a PIFL playoff berth in its first season in moving to 7–2. With
11286-478: The winter of 1918–1919 to as high as 76.5 in (194.3 cm) in 1995–1996, which included the greatest single-storm snowfall, the Blizzard of January 7–8, 1996 , when 24.2 inches (61.5 cm) of snow fell. The average snowiest month is February which corresponds with the annual peak in nor'easter activity. The 2010 United States census counted 84,913 people, 28,578 households, and 17,747 families in
11400-420: Was $ 36,601 (with a margin of error of +/− $ 1,485) and the median family income was $ 41,491 (+/− $ 2,778). Males had a median income of $ 29,884 (+/− $ 1,715) versus $ 31,319 (+/− $ 2,398) for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,400 (+/− $ 571). About 22.4% of families and 24.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.3% of those under age 18 and 17.5% of those age 65 or over. Trenton
11514-543: Was a major manufacturing center in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. One relic of that era is the slogan "Trenton Makes, The World Takes", which is displayed on the Lower Free Bridge (just north of the Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge ). The city adopted the slogan in 1917 to represent Trenton's then-leading role as a major manufacturing center for rubber, wire rope, ceramics and cigars. It
11628-449: Was absorbed by the city on April 10, 1837. A series of annexations took place over a 50-year period with the city absorbing South Trenton (April 14, 1851), portions of Nottingham Township (April 14, 1856), Chambersburg Township and Millham Township (both on March 30, 1888), and Wilbur (February 28, 1898). Portions of Ewing Township and Hamilton Township were annexed to Trenton on March 23, 1900. The earliest known inhabitants of
11742-595: Was appointed in 1764 as Trenton's first Postmaster. On November 25, 1790, Trenton became New Jersey's capital, and by November 13, 1792, the City of Trenton was formed within Trenton Township. Trenton Township was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. On February 22, 1834, portions of Trenton Township were taken to form Ewing Township . The remaining portion of Trenton Township
11856-619: Was built in 1904 by Polish immigrants, many of whose families still attend the church. North Trenton is also home to the historic Shiloh Baptist Church—one of the largest houses of worship in Trenton and the oldest African American church in the city, founded in 1888. The church is currently pastored by Rev. Darrell L. Armstrong, who carried the Olympic torch in 2002 for the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. Also located just at
11970-550: Was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York . During the discovery phase of the trial, new information came to light that Ross had had previous discussions with Steve Bannon before March 2018 with the intent to add the citizenship question, contradicting statements he had made to Congress in March. This led district judge Jesse M. Furman in September 2018 to ask that Ross clear
12084-434: Was for $ 1,502,928.00 awarded to Industries for the Blind and Visually Impaired, Inc. for hand sanitizer, and a contract for $ 7,053,569.85 for four-ounce (118 ml) hand sanitizers awarded to NewView Oklahoma, Inc. both with the place of principal performance listed as Jeffersonville, Indiana . May 22, 2020, saw two additional contracts, one was a disinfectant wipes contract for $ 3,137,533.00 awarded to Industries for
12198-493: Was hardest hit. Since the 1950s, North Trenton had witnessed a steady exodus of middle-class residents, and the riots spelled the end for North Trenton. By the 1970s, the region had become one of the most blighted and crime-ridden in the city. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city had a total area of 8.21 square miles (21.25 km ), including 7.58 square miles (19.63 km ) of land and 0.63 square miles (1.62 km ) of water (7.62%). In terms of land area, Trenton
12312-424: Was home to American Standard 's largest plumbing fixture manufacturing facility. Along with many other United States cities in the 1970s, Trenton fell on hard times when manufacturing and industrial jobs declined. Concurrently, state government agencies began leasing office space in the surrounding suburbs. State government leaders (particularly governors William Cahill and Brendan Byrne ) attempted to revitalize
12426-482: Was named PIFL Defensive Player of the Week. The Freedom lost their first road game, 48–47 at the Lehigh Valley Steelhawks . Wide receiver Antoine Rivera caught 13 passes for 132 yards and a pair of touchdowns. The Freedom rebounded in their second home game for a 66–63 win over the Columbus Lions . The Freedom suffered their second road loss, 42–36 at Lehigh Valley April 26, but linebacker Jeffery Morgan earned
12540-642: Was once home to large Italian, Hungarian, and Jewish communities, but, since the 1950s, demographic shifts have changed the city into a relatively segregated urban enclave of middle and lower income African Americans and newer immigrants, many of whom arrive from Latin America. Italians are scattered throughout the city, but a distinct Italian community is centered in the Chambersburg neighborhood, in South Trenton. This community has been in decline since
12654-561: Was projected to be 329.5 million, a 6.7% increase from the 2010 census . The results of the 2020 census determine the number of seats for each state in the House of Representatives , hence also the number of electors for each state in the Electoral College , for elections from 2022 to 2032. The Census Bureau announced the apportionment figures on April 26, 2021. 13 states had changes in congressional seats: This represented
12768-547: Was recorded that same day from St. Louis , that desks remained close together with no physical dividers, improper sanitation practices were being used, and no remote work for high-risk employees. The published restart date for the St. Louis Area Census Office was May 11, 2020. On May 21, 2020, procurement information for two contracts was entered into the Federal Procurement Data System . One contract
12882-410: Was sufficient before allowing the question on the census. The question would be allowed on the census only if these steps can be completed before the self-imposed form printing deadline. On July 7, the DOJ announced that it was replacing its entire legal team dealing with that question, but on July 9, Furman rejected the DOJ action, saying reasons must be given for the withdrawal of each attorney and that
12996-463: Was the 1st U.S. census to offer a full internet response option and the 1st to extensively use technology instead of paper to manage and conduct fieldwork. Key design changes included: As required by the Census Act, the U.S. Census Bureau submitted a list of questions to Congress on March 29, 2018. The U.S. census will not share any participant's information with any government agency, as it
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