Misplaced Pages

#914085

46-429: Twente has approximately 620,000 inhabitants, most of whom live in its three largest cities: Almelo , Hengelo and Enschede , the latter being the main city of the region. It comprises fourteen municipalities : Almelo , Borne , Dinkelland , Enschede , Haaksbergen , Hellendoorn , Hengelo , Hof van Twente , Losser , Oldenzaal , Rijssen-Holten , Tubbergen , Twenterand and Wierden . The whole of Hellendoorn and

92-725: A tree of life , cross , anchor and heart , a sun wheel, and two rampant horses. These gewelteekns are mounted vertically onto the ridge of the house at the front and the back gable. The symbols are believed to either invoke prosperity or ward off misfortune. The development of modern architecture in the region has been closely related to its industrial development in the 19th and 20th century, as can be recognized in multiple factory complexes, public buildings, as well as housing projects, including garden villages such as Tuindorp 't Lansink (1910s, arch. Karel Muller). Many well-known names within Dutch architectural history have left their traces in

138-514: A bicycle ride away. Almelo received city rights in 1394. Within the city limits lies the castle of the Counts of Almelo. Located in the city centre is Huize Almelo, a castle that in its current form dates back to 1662 (This castle is not open to the public). There are mosaics which decorate the walls of the tunnel close to the railway station . The city is also known for its local association football club Heracles Almelo , which plays in

184-470: A grave offence. A number of traditional cultural practices have been preserved in Twente, such as blowing mid-winter horns around Christmas and burning Easter fires. Twente is also known for its considerable number of so-called klootsketersverennigings ( road bowling associations), which is commonly considered the "local traditional sport". In the small town of Ootmarsum , a tradition known as vlöggeln

230-1005: A professional level, Twente houses two football clubs that play in the national Eredivisie league: Heracles Almelo and FC Twente from Enschede , the latter of which is one of the most successful sides of recent years, having won the Eredivisie title in 2010 and the KNVB Cup in 2011. Twente is also the home region of Olympic Gold swimmers such as Marleen Veldhuis and Hinkelien Schreuder , and of internationally renowned equestrians ( horse driving and horse jumping ), such as Jeroen Dubbeldam , Gerco Schröder and Jos Lansink . A number of well-known bicycle racing pros are from Twente, including Bram Tankink , Tom Stamsnijder and Joost Posthuma . On an amateur level, many people participate for leisure in popular team sports with local clubs, such as handball, tennis, soccer and volleyball . A local traditional sport, klootskeetn , which

276-496: A relatively small area. There is an open stone quarry at Losser , while there are several salt mines at Hengelo and Boekelo . The western Twente town of Nijverdal is the only place in the Netherlands where gold was ever found. Twente is largely reliant on agriculture , next to services , and to a lesser degree tourism . The improved national image of Twente has stimulated an increase in sales of regional products. One of

322-522: A specific part of its premises for the Twentse Taalkamer (‘language room’), where visitors may become (further) acquainted with the language. Twents is largely mutually intelligible with dialects from surrounding areas, such as Achterhooks to the south, Sallaands in the west, Grafschafter Platt ( Grafschaft Bentheim ) and Münsterlandisch ( Münsterland ) across the Dutch - German border. On

368-690: Is Twents . It is a dialect of the Westphalian branch of the Low German language group, which, together with Limburgs , is one of the two officially recognised regional languages of the Netherlands. Twents is spoken in all parts of Twente, but may vary from village to village in pronunciation or lexicon, though such varieties are mutually intelligible and form part of the Low German dialect continuum . Dialects are often divided into two main categories, namely East-Twents and Twents-Groafskops, though

414-510: Is Almelo and offers links to Hengelo , Enschede , Amersfoort , Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , Utrecht , Gouda , Rotterdam , The Hague and Zwolle . There is also a train every 2 hours into Germany serving cities such as Osnabrück , Hannover and Berlin . Heracles Almelo , a professional football club playing in the Eredivisie is based in Almelo. Since 1983 Almelo has organised

460-400: Is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands . The main population centres in the town are Aadorp , Almelo, Mariaparochie , and Bornerbroek . Almelo has about 72,000 inhabitants in the middle of the rolling countryside of Twente , with the industrial centres of Enschede and Hengelo as close neighbours but also with tourist towns like Ootmarsum , Delden and Markelo only

506-522: Is a bright red cloth with a white rampant horse, which is believed to be derived from the Saxon Steed , the rampant horse in the coats of arms of Westphalia and Lower Saxony , also introduced in the (modern) coat of arms of the English county of Kent . People in Twente sometimes go by the epithet "Tukker". In the more rural parts of Twente, a notion called noaberskop , literally neighbourship ,

SECTION 10

#1732773170915

552-488: Is a spicy pork sausage, usually approximately 15 cm in diameter. The sausage is cut into 1 cm slices and baked. It is not usually served for dinner, but is often eaten for lunch, on a sandwich . It is mainly a seasonal product; as it is a hot and hearty snack, it is only available during the winters. There are several dishes that are often termed "typically Twents", although they are not much served today. Examples include stip in de pan and balkenbriej . Perhaps

598-517: Is deemed of great importance. In short, noaberskop involves neighbours looking after each other or giving good counsel whenever a neighbour asks for advice. For instance, it may include collecting each other's mail and watering plants and flowers while the other family is on holiday and looking after each other's pets. Noaberskop is regarded a matter of rights and obligations. A neighbour may for instance call on another neighbour for help if something needs to be repaired or otherwise taken care of, but it

644-643: Is known for the Military Boekelo Enschede , an international equestrian event. It is also known for the salt industry, since 1919 located south of the village. This was a reason for the then well-known Bad Boekelo (Bath Boekelo) to have a salt water wave pool. After the opening of the Twentekanaal (Twente canal) the factory of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Zoutindustrie (Royal Dutch Salt-industry)

690-489: Is located in Enschede and studies the regional culture, folklore, language, cultural history and landscape of Twente. It also collects, maintains, studies and displays an extensive collection of material from the history of Twente, with a full-size historic Twents lös hoes (‘open house’, a farmhouse without separate rooms, where both livestock and humans lived together) as one of its main attractions. The museum has designated

736-465: Is mainly Protestant . Today, Twente has one of the Netherlands’ largest exile communities of Assyrians . Although Twente has always been part of larger cultural areas, borrowing and adopting food traditions, there are a number of traditional "typically Twents" dishes and snacks. One of the nationally most-renowned foods from Twente is the kreantewegge . This is a type of currant bread , that

782-570: Is practised annually around Easter . Firstly, a group of eight young bachelors called Poaskearls (Easter Men) are selected. On Easter morning, the Poaskearls form a human chain by joining hands. They go through some of the houses of the town while singing psalms, after which the other inhabitants and other spectators may join the chain. After a while, the chain halts in the town centre, where fathers may lift their young children three times, while shouting "Halleluja". The gathering continues towards

828-458: Is said to stem from * þrija-hantja meaning "three lands", Twente is said to stem from * twai-hantja or "two lands". Although Twente is the most urbanized part of the province of Overijssel, it is renowned for its scenic countryside. This is sometimes characterized as a bocage landscape, attracting many tourists from other parts of the country, with popular sights such as the Lutterzand on

874-1085: Is similar to Irish road bowling , has seen an increase in interest over the last decades. It is mainly played for leisure or for cultural engagement. There are, however, a number of (semi)-professional klootsketer clubs. It is a popular activity for staff trips. Aadorp -- Albergen —Beckum -- Beuningen -- Boekelo -- Borne -- Bornerbroek -- Breklenkamp -- Buurse -- Daarle -- Daarlerveen -- Delden -- De Lutte -- Denekamp -- Deurningen -- Diepenheim -- Enschede -- Enter -- Fleringen -- Glanerbrug -- Goor -- Haaksbergen -- Hengelo -- Hengevelde -- Lattrop -- Lonneker -- Losser -- Mander -- Markelo -- Oldenzaal -- Ootmarsum -- Overdinkel -- Rossum -- Saasveld -- Tilligte -- Tubbergen -- Twekkelo -- Usselo -- Vasse -- Vriezenveen -- Vroomshoop (partly Salland ) -- Weerselo -- Wierden -- Zenderen 52°19′18″N 6°46′13″E  /  52.32167°N 6.77028°E  / 52.32167; 6.77028 Almelo Almelo ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑlməloː] )

920-436: Is traditionally baked to celebrate the birth of children. The kreantewegge was usually a long loaf, sometimes extending over as much as one meter, cut into thick slices. It is currently still a popular accompaniment with a cup of coffee, though it is no longer exclusively linked to child birth. Another typically Twents food is bakleaverworst (roughly translated as baked liver sausage ), mostly abbreviated to bakworst . This

966-459: Is very indecent to refuse if the other neighbour then asks for a favour in return. Neighbours are expected to help each other preparing wedding celebrations, funerals, birthday parties, etc. Though modern social security service has reduced the need for strong noaberskop bonds, some communities do appreciate newcomers adapting to these old customs and "making neighbourship" with the others, and not fulfilling noaberskop duties may be still regarded

SECTION 20

#1732773170915

1012-421: The verzuiling disappeared, the shops gradually lost their distinct Catholic or Protestant clientele. In time, the catholic elementary school moved to the east part, the west grocery store closed and the west pub became a liquor store. New stores opened and new houses were built in the east part. At present the east part is considered the center of the village, it covers an area approximately ten times as large as

1058-514: The Eredivisie , the highest football league in the Netherlands. The club uses the Erve Asito . At the end of the 19th century textile emerged as a major employer and drew many workers to Almelo, at first from within the Netherlands. Since the 1960s workers from Spain and Turkey came to Almelo. The first mosque of the Netherlands was built in Almelo in 1976 for the Turkish population of

1104-460: The Profronde van Almelo , an elite men's and women's professional road bicycle racing event. Almelo is twinned with: Denizli , Turkey Boekelo Boekelo ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbukəloː] ) is a village in the municipality of Enschede in the eastern Netherlands , the population is estimated at approximately 2,500. It is located just west of Usselo . The village

1150-490: The US and Asia . Twente also has many machine manufacturing companies, like machinery for agriculture, oil piping, food manufacturing, assembly automation, etc. Many of them with a global customer base. Next to aforementioned occupations, many Twents people are engaged in the transport sector. The second half of the twentieth century saw an explosive increase in the number of freight transportation companies. The flag of Twente

1196-515: The gas centrifuge method and produces uranium with about five percent U-235 , for nuclear reactors . An industrial bakery, Bolletje, Malvern Panalytical , the Stichting Ziekenhuisgroep Twente (a hospital) and the regional court are also major employers. As of 2020, Almelo has a total population of about 73,107. The city has a significant Turkish population. Almelo has 2 railway stations: The main station

1242-580: The best internationally known beverage from Twente is Grolsch lager . Though it is originally from the town of Groenlo which is in the adjacent Achterhoek region, the brewery moved to Boekelo near Enschede . It is therefore currently often considered a Twents brand. A relatively new brand of lager, Twents Bier, is brewed in the town of Beckum . Twente also has a longstanding tradition of distilling bitters . There are many locally distilled bitters, which are often produced and consumed for special occasions and celebrations. Often, they aren't for sale outside

1288-417: The city. Almelo also has a sizeable number of Armenians who built their own Armenian Apostolic Church in 2003. In the 1970s the industry dwindled and most factories were relocated to countries with cheaper labour. Some factories remain in the city centre and are now in use for apartments or offices. Currently, a major employer in Almelo is Urenco Nederland . This is a uranium enrichment plant which uses

1334-455: The dialect has been stigmatised for a considerable period over the last century, leading to a decline in use, interests in preserving and promoting the use of it are currently rising, resulting in initiatives such as dialect festivals, writing competitions and other culturally engaging projects. The municipality council of Rijssen-Holten holds one conference per year in dialect, and in 2008 declared their desk workers officially bilingual, to lower

1380-459: The differences are largely insignificant. The dialects work as a certain shibboleth ; minor accent differences help speakers define others' place of origin. As a result, speakers do not usually refer to their dialect by the umbrella term Twents , but rather by the name of their local variety. Speakers from Markelo , for instance, may call their dialect Maarkels , whereas speakers from Overdinkel may state that they speak Oaverdeenkels . Although

1426-497: The entire height, were mostly thatched and supported by a frame of thick beams. The TwentseWelle museum in Enschede has reconstructed a lös hoes on their premises. Many contemporary houses are designed with Twents Saxon elements, such as thatched roofs, wooden planks to decorate the gables, and gewelteekns    [ nl ; nds-nl ] (gable signs), which are wooden planks shaped with several stylised symbols, such as

Twente - Misplaced Pages Continue

1472-457: The fields, where a large Easter Fire has been built by the community. The gathering sings a psalm and then the Poaskearls light the bonfire. It is commonly believed to be a Roman Catholic adaptation of a pre-Christian fertility tradition. An extravagant carnival is celebrated in Oldenzaal, which, like the most of eastern Twente has a considerable group of Roman Catholics . The west of Twente

1518-402: The home village. Though Twents families traditionally ate potatoes, vegetables and meat for dinner, the influx of many immigrants from all over the world to Twente, who brought with them their own food traditions, has broadened the average Twenteman's nutritional horizon. Twente is a region with rural areas and urban centres, both of which have developed distinct architectural traditions, while

1564-570: The largest Dutch beer breweries, the Grolsch Brewery , is in Twente. Twente has many construction companies, most notably in the town of Rijssen , which houses over twenty companies in construction and related services, such as electricity , plumbing , and insulation . Some north-western Twents villages, such as Westerhaar-Vriezenveensewijk , are known for their many inhabitants employed in road engineering . Some construction companies have set up or invested in offices overseas, such as in

1610-591: The latter of which has a noteworthy Romanesque church called Oale Grieze (the ‘Old Grey’), which is the oldest Romanesque church in the Netherlands. Eight Twents towns have obtained city rights : Almelo , Delden , Diepenheim , Enschede , Goor , Oldenzaal , Ootmarsum , and Rijssen . Since Twente's economy is to a great extent reliant on agriculture, this leaves its marks on the landscape, with many meadows and pastures , alternating with undergrowth , scrubs and copse . There are several fens , marshes and peat bogs, which long made Twente less accessible for

1656-556: The meandering Dinkel, or the wide heather fields on the Frezenbaarg near Markelo . Twente is bisected from north to south by a range of hills in western Twente (Holterberg, Rijsserberg, Friezenberg, Nijverdalse Berg, Hellendoornse Berg), and hills in the east, with the Tankenberg near Oldenzaal being the highest point. The towns of Ootmarsum , and Oldenzaal to a lesser extent, are known for their scenic historical buildings,

1702-414: The now abandoned verzuiling of the Dutch society. The village consists of two population centers, one in the east (Protestant) and one in the west (Catholic). The two parts of the village are separated by the "Boekelerbeek" (Boekelo's stream) and some fields. Originally the parts each had their own church, elementary school, barber, grocery store and pub. The only factories were in the eastern part. When

1748-648: The other main urban centres, Almelo and Hengelo, but also in some smaller towns. In the town of Goor , for example, a construction company has built their main office in the style of Friedensreich Hundertwasser , who was known for using lively colours and natural forms. Many construction companies have their origins, or main office, in Twente. Especially in the town of Rijssen, which houses over twenty more or lesser known construction companies next to companies that provide related services, such as plumbing , building insulation and electricity . This makes Twente an attractive place for architects. The local language variety

1794-576: The region is also known for its contemporary architecture. The Saxon heritage of Twente is reflected in the design of more traditional farms and residential houses. Twente has the only remaining lös hoes in the Netherlands (literally ‘loose house’), a type of construction design that was previously common throughout the east of the Netherlands and the north of Germany. A lös hoes consisted mostly of one room in which both humans and livestock lived together. The roofs, which are relatively large in comparison to contemporary houses, making up approximately 2/3 of

1840-502: The region, among them Piet Blom , Van den Broek & Bakema , Willem Dudok , Han van Loghem , and Gerrit Rietveld , to name but a few. Of particular interest is the architecture at the campus of the Universiteit Twente , located in Enschede, built in 1961 according to the masterplan by Wim van Tijen and Samuel van Embden. Other examples of modern and contemporary architecture can be found in Enschede too, as well as in

1886-409: The rest of the Netherlands, and which formed some natural defence. It also made the inhabitants of Twente incline towards the east ( Westphalia and Münster , more precisely) in trade, politics and fashion, rather than to the more western parts of the Netherlands. Geologically, Twente is one of the most interesting areas of the Netherlands. It has strata (earth layers) from various eras concentrated in

Twente - Misplaced Pages Continue

1932-538: The ruins of Vercovicium , a Roman guard post on Hadrian's Wall near present-day Housesteads in Northern England . The Tvihanti served in a Roman-Frisian cavalry unit that was stationed there. Another explanation of the origins of the name, is that Twente was part of the Oversticht , a Medieval administrative construction which included the adjacent shires of Twente and Drenthe . As the name Drenthe

1978-487: The threshold for the inhabitants of Rijssen who feel more comfortable in speaking Twents, rather than Dutch . Other municipality councils have recently indicated that they are willing to try dialect conferences, such as the municipalities of Hellendoorn and Wierden . The former Van Deinse Instituut , which is now incorporated in the TwentseWelle museum, is involved in researching the past and present of Twente. It

2024-456: The western parts of both Rijssen-Holten and Twenterand historically belong to the cultural region of Salland , but to the city region of Twente. Various sources provide several explanations of the name Twente . In his work Germania , the Roman historian Tacitus mentions a tribe called Tvihanti , who lived near or in present-day Twente. This same name was found on two altar stones found in

2070-518: Was built. Parts of the old industrial heritage such as old facades and the factory's chimney were integrated into the new buildings. The internationally known beer brewery Grolsch moved to Boekelo, abandoning its factories in Groenlo and Enschede . The Museum Buurtspoorweg (lit. Museum Neighborhood-railway) runs a historical museum railway with restored steam locomotives and wagons between Boekelo and Haaksbergen . The village layout clearly shows

2116-501: Was moved to Hengelo; currently it is called Nouryon Industrial Chemicals. Textile industry flourished in Boekelo: The N.V. Boekelosche Stoombleekerij ( public LLC Boekelo's Steam-bleachery), founded in 1888 by Gerrit Jan van Heek , was taken over by Unilever (who fused it with P. Fenter van Vlissingen & Co's Katoenfabrieken N.V. ). On the former factory's terrain, a new quarter called De Bleekerij (The Bleachery)

#914085