William Alfred Fowler (August 9, 1911 – March 14, 1995) was an American nuclear physicist, later astrophysicist , who, with Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics . He is known for his theoretical and experimental research into nuclear reactions within stars and the energy elements produced in the process and was one of the authors of the influential B FH paper .
22-520: VSRP may refer to: Visiting Students Research Programme , a summer programme organised by the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Virtual Switch Redundancy Protocol , a computer network switching protocol Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title VSRP . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
44-690: Is an Indian Research Institute under the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India . It is a public deemed university located at Navy Nagar , Colaba in Mumbai . It also has a campus in Bangalore , International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS), and an affiliated campus in Serilingampally near Hyderabad . TIFR conducts research primarily in the natural sciences,
66-1052: Is involved in building India's first gravity wave detector. The High Energy Physics Department, TIFR has been involved in major accelerator projects like the KEK , Tevatron , LEP and the LHC . TIFR also runs the Pelletron particle accelerator facility. Bhabha's motivation resulted in the development of an NMR spectrometer for solid state studies. The Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences also conducts experimental research in high-temperature superconductivity, nanoelectronics and nanophotonics. The School of Technology and Computer Science grew out of early activities carried out at TIFR for building digital computers. Today, its activities cover areas such as Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Formal Method, Applied Probability, Learning Theory, Mathematical Finance, Information Theory, Communications, etc. The Department Of Biological Sciences
88-1217: The American Philosophical Society in 1962, won the Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society in 1963, elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1965, won the Vetlesen Prize in 1973, the Eddington Medal in 1978, the Bruce Medal of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific in 1979, and the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 (shared with Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar ) for his theoretical and experimental studies of
110-556: The B FH paper . Though the theory of Stellar Nucleosynthesis established in the paper was later cited by the Nobel Committee as the reason for Fowler's 1983 Nobel in Physics, neither any of the Burbidges nor Hoyle shared in the award. In 1942, Fowler became an associate professor at Caltech. In 1946, Fowler became a Professor at Caltech. Fowler, along with Lee A. DuBridge , Max Mason , Linus Pauling , and Bruce H. Sage ,
132-832: The Ohio State University , where he was a member of the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity. In 1936, Fowler received a Ph.D. in nuclear physics from the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California . In 1936, Fowler became a research fellow at Caltech. He was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1938. In 1939, Fowler became an assistant professor at Caltech. Although an experimental nuclear physicist, Fowler's most famous paper
154-429: The embedding of open Riemann surfaces in C 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} ^{3}} , C. S. Seshadri 's work on projective modules over polynomial rings and M. S. Narasimhan 's results in the theory of pseudo differential operators. Narasimhan and Seshadri wrote a seminal paper on stable vector bundles , work which has been recognised as one of the most influential articles in
176-622: The nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe . Fowler's doctoral students at Caltech included Donald D. Clayton . A lifelong fan of steam locomotives , Fowler owned several working models of various sizes. Fowler's first wife was Adriane Fay (née Olmsted) Fowler (1912–1988). They had two daughters, Mary Emily and Martha. In December 1989, Fowler married Mary Dutcher (1919–2019), an artist, in Pasadena, California. On 11 March 1995, Fowler died from kidney failure in Pasadena, California . He
198-555: The 1950s, TIFR gained prominence in the field of cosmic ray physics, with the setting up of research facilities in Ooty and in the Kolar gold mines . In 1957, India's first digital computer, TIFRAC was built in TIFR. Acting on the suggestions of British physiologist Archibald Hill , Bhabha invited Obaid Siddiqi to set up a research group in molecular biology. This ultimately resulted in
220-529: The area. M. S. Raghunathan started research at TIFR on algebraic and discrete groups , and was recognised for his work on rigidity . The School of Natural Sciences is further split into seven departments working in several areas of physics , chemistry and biology . Within physics, the Department of Theoretical Physics (DTP) was set up by Bhabha, who conducted research in high energy physics and Condensed Matter Physics . The department worked on
242-646: The biological sciences and theoretical computer science. Homi J. Bhabha , known for his role in the development of the Indian atomic energy programme, wrote to the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust requesting financial assistance to set up a scientific research institute. With support from J.R.D. Tata , then chairman of the Tata Group , TIFR was founded on 1 June 1945, and Homi Bhabha was appointed its first director. The institute initially operated within
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#1732798293856264-572: The campus of the Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore before relocating to Mumbai later that year. TIFR's new campus in Colaba was designed by Chicago -based architect Helmuth Bartsch and was inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on 15 January 1962. Shortly after Indian Independence , in 1949, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) designated TIFR to be
286-491: The centre for all large-scale projects in nuclear research . The first theoretical physics group was set up by Bhabha's students B.M. Udgaonkar and K.S. Singhvi . In December 1950, Bhabha organised an international conference at TIFR on elementary particle physics . Several world-renowned scientists attended the conference, including Rudolf Peierls , Léon Rosenfeld , William Fowler as well as Meghnad Saha , Vikram Sarabhai and others providing expertise from India. In
308-706: The establishment of the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) , Bangalore twenty years later. In 1970, TIFR started research in radio astronomy with the setting up of the Ooty Radio Telescope . Encouraged by the success of ORT, Govind Swarup persuaded J. R. D. Tata to help set up the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope near Pune , India . TIFR attained the official deemed university status in June 2002. To meet
330-482: The ever-growing demand of space needed for research labs and accommodation institute is coming up with a new campus at Hyderabad . Research at TIFR is distributed across three schools, working over the mathematical sciences, natural sciences, technology and computer science. Since its birth in the 1950s, several contributions to mathematics have come from TIFR School of Mathematics. Notable contributions from TIFR mathematicians include Raghavan Narasimhan 's proof of
352-431: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=VSRP&oldid=304955802 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Visiting Students Research Programme Tata Institute of Fundamental Research ( TIFR )
374-641: The major advances in this period such as Quantum Field Theory , string theory , and superconductivity . The current faculty includes Sandip Trivedi , Shiraz Minwalla , Abhijit Gadde , and Gautam Mandal . Several early faculty members at the institution were renowned in their fields. These include Ashoke Sen , who conducted seminal work on String Theory , specifically S-Duality , while at this institution. Other distinguished members were Spenta Wadia , Sunil Mukhi , Deepak Dhar and Nandini Trivedi . The Department of Astrophysics works in areas like stellar binaries , gravitational waves and cosmology . TIFR
396-589: The summer season by the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. VSRP is offered in the subjects Physics and Astronomy, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology and Computer Science. 18°54′27″N 72°48′22″E / 18.90757°N 72.80601°E / 18.90757; 72.80601 ( TIFR ) William Alfred Fowler On 9 August 1911, Fowler was born in Pittsburgh . Fowler's parents were John MacLeod Fowler and Jennie Summers Watson. Fowler
418-526: Was awarded the Medal for Merit in 1948 by President Harry S. Truman . Fowler succeeded Charles Lauritsen as director of the W. K. Kellogg Radiation Laboratory at Caltech , and was himself later succeeded by Steven E. Koonin . Fowler was awarded the National Medal of Science by President Gerald Ford . Fowler was Guggenheim Fellow at St John's College, Cambridge in 1962–63. He was elected to
440-580: Was his collaboration with Margaret and Geoffrey Burbidge, " Synthesis of the Elements in Stars " Significantly, Margaret Burbidge was first author, her husband Geoffrey Burbidge second, Fowler third, and Cambridge cosmologist Fred Hoyle . That 1957 paper in Reviews of Modern Physics categorized most nuclear processes for origin of all but the lightest chemical elements in stars. It is widely known as
462-440: Was set up by Obaid Siddiqi in early 1960s as a molecular biology group. Over the years has expanded to encompass various other branches of modern biology. The department has fourteen labs covering various aspects of modern molecular and cell biology. TIFR also includes institutes outside its main campus in Colaba and Mumbai : The Visiting Students Research Programme ( VSRP ) is a summer programme conducted annually during
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#1732798293856484-691: Was the eldest of his siblings, Arthur and Nelda. The family moved to Lima, Ohio , a steam railroad town, when Fowler was two years old. Growing up near the Pennsylvania Railroad yard influenced Fowler's interest in locomotives. In 1973, he travelled to the Soviet Union just to observe the steam engine that powered the Trans-Siberian Railway plying the nearly 2,500-kilometre (1,600 mi) route that connects Khabarovsk and Moscow . In 1933, Fowler graduated from
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