102-521: [REDACTED] Look up vernier in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Vernier may refer to: Vernier, Switzerland Vernier (surname) Pierre Vernier , French mathematician and inventor of the Vernier scale Vernier scale , a secondary measuring device Vernier thruster , a secondary control mechanism on spacecraft Vernier throttle ,
204-744: A French official to teachers in the department of Finistère , in western Brittany, included the following: "And remember, Gents: you were given your position in order to kill the Breton language". The prefect of Basses-Pyrénées in the French Basque Country wrote in 1846: "Our schools in the Basque Country are particularly meant to replace the Basque language with French..." Students were taught that their ancestral languages were inferior and they should be ashamed of them; this process
306-431: A comprehensive academic study entitled "The World's 10 most influential languages". In the article, Weber ranked French as, after English, the second-most influential language of the world, ahead of Spanish. His criteria were the numbers of native speakers, the number of secondary speakers (especially high for French among fellow world languages), the number of countries using the language and their respective populations,
408-450: A convenient and well-connected location for residents, with a range of amenities and services to support their daily lives. Vernier has a population (as of December 2020 ) of 34,898. As of 2008 , 43.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 13.2%. It has changed at a rate of 6.3% due to migration and at a rate of 7.1% due to births and deaths. Most of
510-555: A foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050. French is the fastest growing language on the continent (in terms of either official or foreign languages). French is increasingly being spoken as a native language in Francophone Africa, especially in regions like Ivory Coast , Cameroon , Gabon, Madagascar , and
612-471: A high standard of living and maintaining a convenient and well-functioning environment for its residents. While Vernier is predominantly urbanized, it still retains some natural areas and green spaces. The municipality has parks, gardens, and sports facilities where residents can enjoy outdoor activities and recreational pursuits. Overall, the geography of Vernier is characterized by its urban environment, accessibility, and proximity to Lake Geneva. It provides
714-454: A modern municipality while still preserving aspects of its historical heritage. Vernier is a municipality located in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It is situated on the western edge of the canton, adjacent to the city of Geneva. Here are some key aspects of the geography of Vernier: Location: Vernier is positioned in the southwestern part of Switzerland, near the French border. It lies on
816-652: A period of prosperity and prominence among European nations. Richelieu established the Académie française to protect the French language. By the early 1800s, Parisian French had become the primary language of the aristocracy in France. Near the beginning of the 19th century, the French government began to pursue policies with the end goal of eradicating the many minorities and regional languages ( patois ) spoken in France. This began in 1794 with Henri Grégoire 's "Report on
918-566: A private car. From the 2000 census , 12,656 or 42.8% were Roman Catholic , while 3,935 or 13.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there were 408 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.38% of the population), there were 46 individuals (or about 0.16% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church , and there were 556 individuals (or about 1.88% of
1020-494: A relic of the old nominal case system of Latin longer than most other Romance languages (with the notable exception of Romanian which still currently maintains a case distinction), differentiating between an oblique case and a nominative case. The phonology was characterized by heavy syllabic stress, which led to the emergence of various complicated diphthongs such as -eau which would later be leveled to monophthongs. The earliest evidence of what became Old French can be seen in
1122-587: A second language. French is the second most taught foreign language in the EU. All institutions of the EU use French as a working language along with English and German ; in some institutions, French is the sole working language (e.g. at the Court of Justice of the European Union ). French is also the 16th most natively spoken language in the world, the sixth most spoken language by total number of speakers , and
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#17327726241491224-526: A second language. However it has also become a native language in a number of urban areas, especially in regions like Ivory Coast , Cameroon , Gabon, Madagascar , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo . In some North African countries, though not having official status, it is also a first language among some upper classes of the population alongside indigenous languages, but only
1326-941: A second one among the general population. In 2015, approximately 40% of the Francophone population (including L2 and partial speakers) lived in Europe, 36% in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas, and 1% in Asia and Oceania. French is the second most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union . Of Europeans who speak other languages natively, approximately one-fifth are able to speak French as
1428-441: A secondary control mechanism on aircraft Vernier Software & Technology , an educational technology supplier Vernier acuity , a type of visual acuity See also [ edit ] Marais-Vernier Veneer (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Vernier . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
1530-511: A total of 1,964 inhabited buildings. There were 578 multi-family buildings (29.4%), along with 203 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (10.3%) and 80 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.1%). Of the single family homes 113 were built before 1919, while 172 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (228) were built between 1946 and 1960. The most multi-family homes (165) were built between 1961 and 1970 and
1632-547: A variant of Canadian French , is spoken in parts of New England . Missouri French was historically spoken in Missouri and Illinois (formerly known as Upper Louisiana ), but is nearly extinct today. French also survived in isolated pockets along the Gulf Coast of what was previously French Lower Louisiana , such as Mon Louis Island , Alabama and DeLisle, Mississippi (the latter only being discovered by linguists in
1734-437: Is 95%, and in the French collectivity of Wallis and Futuna , it is 84%. In French Polynesia and to a lesser extent Wallis and Futuna, where oral and written knowledge of the French language has become almost universal (95% and 84% respectively), French increasingly tends to displace the native Polynesian languages as the language most spoken at home. In French Polynesia, the percentage of the population who reported that French
1836-779: Is a Romance language of the Indo-European family . Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire . French evolved from Gallo-Romance , the Latin spoken in Gaul , and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl —languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French ( Francien ) largely supplanted. French
1938-604: Is a municipality in the Canton of Geneva , in Switzerland . It is located in the western suburbs of Geneva . The name "Vernier" comes from the Celtic word "verne," which means alder . Vernier is a municipality located in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. The history of Vernier dates back to ancient times, and the region has seen various influences and changes over the centuries. The earliest traces of human settlement in
2040-472: Is a widespread second language among the Lebanese people , and is taught in many schools along with Arabic and English. French is used on Lebanese pound banknotes, on road signs, on Lebanese license plates , and on official buildings (alongside Arabic). Today, French and English are secondary languages of Lebanon , with about 40% of the population being Francophone and 40% Anglophone. The use of English
2142-489: Is also a working language in nonprofit organisations such as the Red Cross (alongside English, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Russian), Amnesty International (alongside 32 other languages of which English is the most used, followed by Spanish, Portuguese, German, and Italian), Médecins sans Frontières (used alongside English, Spanish, Portuguese and Arabic), and Médecins du Monde (used alongside English). Given
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#17327726241492244-430: Is among the top five most studied languages worldwide, with about 120 million learners as of 2017. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 16th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. French has a long history as an international language of literature and scientific standards and is a primary or second language of many international organisations including
2346-462: Is an official language in 27 countries , as well as one of the most geographically widespread languages in the world, with about 50 countries and territories having it as a de jure or de facto official, administrative, or cultural language. Most of these countries are members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), the community of 54 member states which share
2448-652: Is enacted only in New Brunswick, where about one third of the population is Francophone. French is also an official language of all of the territories ( Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon ). Out of the three, Yukon has the most French speakers, making up just under 4% of the population. Furthermore, while French is not an official language in Ontario , the French Language Services Act ensures that provincial services are available in
2550-503: Is growing in the business and media environment. Out of about 900,000 students, about 500,000 are enrolled in Francophone schools, public or private, in which the teaching of mathematics and scientific subjects is provided in French. Actual usage of French varies depending on the region and social status. One-third of high school students educated in French go on to pursue higher education in English-speaking institutions. English
2652-404: Is known as Old French. The period of Old French spanned between the 8th and 14th centuries. Old French shared many characteristics with Latin. For example, Old French made use of different possible word orders just as Latin did because it had a case system that retained the difference between nominative subjects and oblique non-subjects . The period is marked by a heavy superstrate influence from
2754-561: Is located in the municipality. Vernier is home to the Bibliothèque Municipale de Vernier library. The municipality has a railway station, Vernier , on the Lyon–Geneva line . It has regular service to La Plaine , Bellegarde , and Geneva . Vernier is twinned with : French language French ( français [fʁɑ̃sɛ] or langue française [lɑ̃ɡ fʁɑ̃sɛːz] )
2856-469: Is often considered to be a useful skill by business owners in the United Kingdom; a 2014 study found that 50% of British managers considered French to be a valuable asset for their business, thus ranking French as the most sought-after foreign language there, ahead of German (49%) and Spanish (44%). MIT economist Albert Saiz calculated a 2.3% premium for those who have French as a foreign language in
2958-828: Is one of the official languages of such major international and regional courts, tribunals, and dispute-settlement bodies as the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights , the Caribbean Court of Justice , the Court of Justice for the Economic Community of West African States , the Inter-American Court of Human Rights , the International Court of Justice , the International Criminal Tribunal for
3060-576: Is taught in universities around the world, and is one of the world's most influential languages because of its wide use in the worlds of journalism, jurisprudence , education, and diplomacy. In diplomacy, French is one of the six official languages of the United Nations (and one of the UN Secretariat 's only two working languages ), one of twenty official and three procedural languages of the European Union , an official language of NATO ,
3162-553: Is the language of business and communication, with French being an element of social distinction, chosen for its emotional value. French is an official language of the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu , where 31% of the population was estimated to speak it in 2023. In the French special collectivity of New Caledonia , 97% of the population can speak, read and write French while in French Polynesia this figure
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3264-483: Is the native language of about 23% of the Swiss population, and is spoken by 50% of the population. Along with Luxembourgish and German, French is one of the three official languages of Luxembourg , where it is generally the preferred language of business as well as of the different public administrations. It is also the official language of Monaco . At a regional level, French is acknowledged as an official language in
3366-492: Is the second-most spoken language (after English) in the states of Maine and New Hampshire . In Louisiana , it is tied with Spanish for second-most spoken if Louisiana French and all creoles such as Haitian are included. French is the third most spoken language (after English and Spanish) in the states of Connecticut , Rhode Island , and New Hampshire . Louisiana is home to many distinct French dialects, collectively known as Louisiana French . New England French , essentially
3468-424: Is the sole official language in the province of Quebec , where some 80% of the population speak it as a native language and 95% are capable of conducting a conversation in it. Quebec is also home to the city of Montreal , which is the world's fourth-largest French-speaking city, by number of first language speakers. New Brunswick and Manitoba are the only officially bilingual provinces, though full bilingualism
3570-408: Is well-served by public transportation, including buses and tram lines, providing easy access to the city of Geneva and other parts of the canton. Infrastructure: Vernier has a well-developed infrastructure to support its residents. It offers a range of amenities and services, including schools, healthcare facilities, shopping centers, and recreational spaces. The municipality is committed to providing
3672-764: The Aosta Valley region of Italy where it is the first language of approximately 50% of the population, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the Channel Islands . It is also spoken in Andorra and is the main language after Catalan in El Pas de la Casa . The language is taught as the primary second language in the German state of Saarland , with French being taught from pre-school and over 43% of citizens being able to speak French. The majority of
3774-462: The Aosta Valley region of Italy; and various communities elsewhere. French is estimated to have about 310 million speakers, of which about 80 million are native speakers. According to the OIF, approximately 321 million people worldwide are "able to speak the language" as of 2022, without specifying the criteria for this estimation or whom it encompasses. In Francophone Africa, it is spoken mainly as
3876-539: The Democratic Republic of Congo . There is not a single African French , but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages . Sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth. It is also where the language has evolved the most in recent years. Some vernacular forms of French in Africa can be difficult to understand for French speakers from other countries, but written forms of
3978-485: The European Union , French was the dominant language within all institutions until the 1990s. After several enlargements of the EU (1995, 2004), French significantly lost ground in favour of English, which is more widely spoken and taught in most EU countries. French currently remains one of the three working languages, or "procedural languages", of the EU, along with English and German. It is the second-most widely used language within EU institutions after English, but remains
4080-559: The Francien dialect is one that not only continued but also thrived during the Middle French period (14th–17th centuries). Modern French grew out of this Francien dialect. Grammatically, during the period of Middle French, noun declensions were lost and there began to be standardized rules. Robert Estienne published the first Latin-French dictionary, which included information about phonetics, etymology, and grammar. Politically,
4182-877: The International Olympic Committee , the Council of Europe , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , Organization of American States (alongside Spanish, Portuguese and English), the Eurovision Song Contest , one of eighteen official languages of the European Space Agency , World Trade Organization and the least used of the three official languages in the North American Free Trade Agreement countries. It
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4284-557: The LPS Party (9.17%). In the federal election, a total of 5,690 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 41.4%. In the 2009 Grand Conseil election, there were a total of 14,102 registered voters of which 5,009 (35.5%) voted. The most popular party in the municipality for this election was the MCG with 25.6% of the ballots. In the canton-wide election they received the third highest proportion of votes. The second most popular party
4386-626: The Oaths of Strasbourg and the Sequence of Saint Eulalia , while Old French literature began to be produced in the eleventh century, with major early works often focusing on the lives of saints (such as the Vie de Saint Alexis ), or wars and royal courts, notably including the Chanson de Roland , epic cycles focused on King Arthur and his court , as well as a cycle focused on William of Orange . It
4488-1012: The United Nations , the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , the World Trade Organization , the International Olympic Committee , the General Conference on Weights and Measures , and the International Committee of the Red Cross . French is a Romance language (meaning that it is descended primarily from Vulgar Latin ) that evolved out of the Gallo-Romance dialects spoken in northern France. The language's early forms include Old French and Middle French . Due to Roman rule, Latin
4590-540: The tertiary sector , with 809 businesses in this sector. There were 13,822 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.6% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 12,129. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 35, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 5,011 of which 2,133 or (42.6%) were in manufacturing, 3 or (0.1%) were in mining and 1,310 (26.1%) were in construction. The number of jobs in
4692-506: The 1990s) but these varieties are severely endangered or presumed extinct. French is one of two official languages in Haiti alongside Haitian Creole . It is the principal language of education, administration, business, and public signage and is spoken by all educated Haitians. It is also used for ceremonial events such as weddings, graduations, and church masses. The vast majority of the population speaks Haitian Creole as their first language;
4794-512: The 2009–2010 school year there were a total of 6,827 students in the Vernier school system. The education system in the Canton of Geneva allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten . During that school year, there were 413 children who were in a pre-kindergarten class. The canton's school system provides two years of non-mandatory kindergarten and requires students to attend six years of primary school , with some of
4896-836: The 20th century, when it was replaced by English as the United States became the dominant global power following the Second World War . Stanley Meisler of the Los Angeles Times said that the fact that the Treaty of Versailles was written in English as well as French was the "first diplomatic blow" against the language. During the Grand Siècle (17th century), France, under the rule of powerful leaders such as Cardinal Richelieu and Louis XIV , enjoyed
4998-703: The Canadian capital, is also effectively bilingual, as it has a large population of federal government workers, who are required to offer services in both French and English, and is just across the river from the Quebecois city of Gatineau . According to the United States Census Bureau (2011), French is the fourth most spoken language in the United States after English, Spanish, and Chinese, when all forms of French are considered together and all dialects of Chinese are similarly combined. French
5100-917: The Caribbean that are collectively referred to as the French West Indies , namely Guadeloupe , Saint Barthélemy , Saint Martin , and Martinique . French is the official language of both French Guiana on the South American continent, and of Saint Pierre and Miquelon , an archipelago off the coast of Newfoundland in North America. French was the official language of the colony of French Indochina , comprising modern-day Vietnam , Laos , and Cambodia . It continues to be an administrative language in Laos and Cambodia, although its influence has waned in recent decades. In colonial Vietnam,
5202-408: The Empire, this local elite had been slowly abandoning Gaulish entirely, but the rural and lower class populations remained Gaulish speakers who could sometimes also speak Latin or Greek. The final language shift from Gaulish to Vulgar Latin among rural and lower class populations occurred later, when both they and the incoming Frankish ruler/military class adopted the Gallo-Roman Vulgar Latin speech of
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#17327726241495304-416: The Germanic Frankish language , which non-exhaustively included the use in upper-class speech and higher registers of V2 word order , a large percentage of the vocabulary (now at around 15% of modern French vocabulary ) including the impersonal singular pronoun on (a calque of Germanic man ), and the name of the language itself. Up until its later stages, Old French , alongside Old Occitan , maintained
5406-444: The Vernier area date back to the Neolithic period, as evidenced by archaeological findings. The region was later inhabited by the Celts and then came under the control of the Roman Empire. Roman artifacts, including coins and pottery, have been discovered in the area. During the Middle Ages, Vernier was part of the County of Geneva and came under the control of the House of Savoy in the 14th century. It remained under Savoyard rule until
5508-427: The area. The proximity to Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) to the north provides scenic views and recreational opportunities for residents. Transportation: Vernier benefits from excellent transportation connections. Geneva Airport, one of the busiest airports in Switzerland, is located within the municipality. This makes it convenient for residents and visitors to access domestic and international travel options. The municipality
5610-453: The children attending smaller, specialized classes. In Vernier there were 1,181 students in kindergarten or primary school and 197 students were in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. There were 1,181 lower secondary students who attended school in Vernier. There were 1,724 upper secondary students from
5712-401: The construction rate of new housing units was 2.2 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010 , was 0.16%. The historical population is given in the following chart: In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 26.04% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (21.89%), the Green Party (14.91%) and
5814-404: The demographic prospects of the French-speaking nations of Africa, researcher Pascal-Emmanuel Gobry wrote in 2014 that French "could be the language of the future". However, some African countries such as Algeria intermittently attempted to eradicate the use of French, and as of 2024 it was removed as an official language in Mali and Burkina Faso . Significant as a judicial language, French
5916-448: The economic power of the countries using the language, the number of major areas in which the language is used, and the linguistic prestige associated with the mastery of the language (Weber highlighted that French in particular enjoys considerable linguistic prestige). In a 2008 reassessment of his article, Weber concluded that his findings were still correct since "the situation among the top ten remains unchanged." Knowledge of French
6018-489: The elites primarily spoke French, while many servants who worked in French households spoke a French pidgin known as " Tây Bồi " (now extinct). After French rule ended, South Vietnam continued to use French in administration, education, and trade. However, since the Fall of Saigon and the opening of a unified Vietnam's economy, French has gradually been effectively displaced as the first foreign language of choice by English in Vietnam. Nevertheless, it continues to be taught as
6120-406: The first government authority to adopt Modern French as official was the Aosta Valley in 1536, while the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts (1539) named French the language of law in the Kingdom of France . During the 17th century, French replaced Latin as the most important language of diplomacy and international relations ( lingua franca ). It retained this role until approximately the middle of
6222-439: The former Yugoslavia , International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda , the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea the International Criminal Court and the World Trade Organization Appellate Body . It is the sole internal working language of the Court of Justice of the European Union , and makes with English the European Court of Human Rights 's two working languages. In 1997, George Weber published, in Language Today ,
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#17327726241496324-715: The gender of the corresponding word in Gaulish. The estimated number of French words that can be attributed to Gaulish is placed at 154 by the Petit Robert , which is often viewed as representing standardized French, while if non-standard dialects are included, the number increases to 240. Known Gaulish loans are skewed toward certain semantic fields, such as plant life ( chêne , bille , etc.), animals ( mouton , cheval , etc.), nature ( boue , etc.), domestic activities (ex. berceau ), farming and rural units of measure ( arpent , lieue , borne , boisseau ), weapons, and products traded regionally rather than further afield. This semantic distribution has been attributed to peasants being
6426-456: The growing population and provide necessary services and infrastructure. Today, Vernier is a diverse and dynamic municipality. It is home to a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial areas, with a population that reflects a range of cultural backgrounds and nationalities. The history of Vernier is intertwined with the broader history of the Canton of Geneva and the surrounding region. It has evolved from its early settlement roots to become
6528-401: The language are very closely related to those of the rest of the French-speaking world. French is the second most commonly spoken language in Canada and one of two federal official languages alongside English. As of the 2021 Canadian census , it was the native language of 7.7 million people (21% of the population) and the second language of 2.9 million (8% of the population). French
6630-424: The language, although it has now given way to Tamil and English. A former French mandate , Lebanon designates Arabic as the sole official language, while a special law regulates cases when French can be publicly used. Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used". The French language in Lebanon
6732-501: The language. The Act applies to areas of the province where there are significant Francophone communities, namely Eastern Ontario and Northern Ontario . Elsewhere, sizable French-speaking minorities are found in southern Manitoba, Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island and the Port au Port Peninsula in Newfoundland and Labrador, where the unique Newfoundland French dialect was historically spoken. Smaller pockets of French speakers exist in all other provinces. The Ontarian city of Ottawa ,
6834-428: The last to hold onto Gaulish. The beginning of French in Gaul was greatly influenced by Germanic invasions into the country. These invasions had the greatest impact on the northern part of the country and on the language there. A language divide began to grow across the country. The population in the north spoke langue d'oïl while the population in the south spoke langue d'oc . Langue d'oïl grew into what
6936-511: The late 16th century when the city of Geneva gained independence. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Vernier experienced a transition from a predominantly agricultural and rural area to a more industrialized and urbanized region. This period saw the development of agriculture, trade, and small-scale industries. In the 20th century, Vernier underwent significant urban growth and expansion, particularly after World War II. The municipality saw increased residential and commercial development to accommodate
7038-479: The left bank of the Rhône River, which flows through the region. The municipality is bordered by the city of Geneva to the north, Lancy to the east, Meyrin to the south, and France to the west. Landscape: Vernier is primarily an urban area, with residential, commercial, and industrial zones. The municipality's landscape is characterized by a mixture of buildings, streets, and infrastructure. It is relatively flat, with some gentle hills and green spaces dispersed throughout
7140-481: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vernier&oldid=920044501 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Vernier, Switzerland Vernier ( French pronunciation: [vɛʁ.nje] )
7242-404: The mayor, M. Yvan Rochat, the vice president and M. Thierry Cerutti, another member. As of 2010 , Vernier had an unemployment rate of 8.7%. As of 2008 , there were 41 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. 5,192 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 316 businesses in this sector. 8,295 people were employed in
7344-429: The municipal council. There were a total of 22,129 registered voters of which 7,271 (32.9%) voted. Out of the 7,271 votes, there were 45 blank votes, 105 null or unreadable votes and 394 votes with a name that was not on the list. Its current mayor is M. Thierry Apothéloz, but a mayor is elected every year on the first of June between the administrative council, composing of three members, currently M.Thierry Apothéloz,
7446-496: The municipality along with 277 students who were in a professional, non-university track program. An additional 194 students attended a private school. As of 2000 , there were 449 students in Vernier who came from another municipality, while 2,114 residents attended schools outside the municipality. Public schools in Vernier include the following: The Deutsche Schule Genf (DSG), the Geneva area's German international school,
7548-415: The municipality and 10,942 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 12.7% of the workforce coming into Vernier are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.0% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 34.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.5% used
7650-521: The municipality. There were 13,922 married individuals, 1,262 widows or widowers and 2,125 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000 , there were 12,211 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 4,296 households that consist of only one person and 793 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 12,471 households that answered this question, 34.4% were households made up of just one person and there were 49 adults who lived with their parents. Of
7752-485: The necessity and means to annihilate the patois and to universalize the use of the French language". When public education was made compulsory , only French was taught and the use of any other ( patois ) language was punished. The goals of the public school system were made especially clear to the French-speaking teachers sent to teach students in regions such as Occitania and Brittany . Instructions given by
7854-544: The next most (105) were built between 1946 and 1960. There were 36 multi-family houses built between 1996 and 2000. In 2000 there were 13,219 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 4,381. There were 1,284 single room apartments and 1,856 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 11,873 apartments (89.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 1,018 apartments (7.7%) were seasonally occupied and 328 apartments (2.5%) were empty. As of 2009 ,
7956-589: The official use or teaching of French. It is spoken as a first language (in descending order of the number of speakers) in France; Canada (especially in the provinces of Quebec, Ontario, and New Brunswick); Belgium ( Wallonia and the Brussels-Capital Region ); western Switzerland (specifically the cantons forming the Romandy region); parts of Luxembourg; parts of the United States (the states of Louisiana, Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont); Monaco;
8058-534: The other main foreign language in the Vietnamese educational system and is regarded as a cultural language. All three countries are full members of La Francophonie (OIF). French was the official language of French India , consisting of the geographically separate enclaves referred to as Puducherry . It continued to be an official language of the territory even after its cession to India in 1956 until 1965. A small number of older locals still retain knowledge of
8160-515: The population (as of 2000 ) speaks French (21,767 or 73.6%), with Portuguese being second most common (1,582 or 5.4%) and Italian being third (1,452 or 4.9%). There are 908 people who speak German and 23 people who speak Romansh . As of 2008 , the gender distribution of the population was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. The population was made up of 8,712 Swiss men (26.0% of the population) and 7,916 (23.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 9,741 Swiss women (29.1%) and 7,148 (21.3%) non-Swiss women. Of
8262-566: The population in the municipality 5,327 or about 18.0% were born in Vernier and lived there in 2000. There were 5,528 or 18.7% who were born in the same canton, while 3,890 or 13.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 13,422 or 45.4% were born outside of Switzerland. In 2008 there were 184 live births to Swiss citizens and 164 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 111 deaths of Swiss citizens and 36 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration,
8364-399: The population of Swiss citizens increased by 73 while the foreign population increased by 128. There were 74 Swiss men and 87 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 318 non-Swiss men and 333 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders)
8466-429: The population) did not answer the question. In Vernier about 8,149 or (27.6%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 3,058 or (10.3%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of the 3,058 who completed tertiary schooling, 38.3% were Swiss men, 28.2% were Swiss women, 20.4% were non-Swiss men and 13.2% were non-Swiss women. During
8568-471: The population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 64 individuals (or about 0.22% of the population) who were Jewish , and 2,362 (or about 7.99% of the population) who were Muslim . There were 120 individuals who were Buddhist , 89 individuals who were Hindu and 55 individuals who belonged to another church. 5,990 (or about 20.26% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 3,278 individuals (or about 11.09% of
8670-471: The preferred language of certain institutions or administrations such as the Court of Justice of the European Union , where it is the sole internal working language, or the Directorate-General for Agriculture . Since 2016, Brexit has rekindled discussions on whether or not French should again hold greater role within the institutions of the European Union. A leading world language , French
8772-471: The rest largely speak French as a first language. As a French Creole language , Haitian Creole draws the large majority of its vocabulary from French, with influences from West African languages, as well as several European languages. It is closely related to Louisiana Creole and the creole from the Lesser Antilles . French is the sole official language of all the overseas territories of France in
8874-412: The rest of the households, there are 2,754 married couples without children, 3,917 married couples with children There were 1,040 single parents with a child or children. There were 155 households that were made up of unrelated people and 260 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing. In 2000 there were 1,103 single family homes (or 56.2% of the total) out of
8976-515: The tertiary sector was 7,083. In the tertiary sector; 2,767 or 39.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 361 or 5.1% were in the movement and storage of goods, 405 or 5.7% were in a hotel or restaurant, 397 or 5.6% were in the information industry, 142 or 2.0% were the insurance or financial industry, 345 or 4.9% were technical professionals or scientists, 375 or 5.3% were in education and 556 or 7.8% were in health care. In 2000 , there were 10,414 workers who commuted into
9078-466: The total number of French speakers will reach approximately 500 million in 2025 and 650 million by 2050, largely due to rapid population growth in sub-Saharan Africa . OIF estimates 700 million French speakers by 2050, 80% of whom will be in Africa. In a study published in March 2014 by Forbes , the investment bank Natixis said that French could become the world's most spoken language by 2050. In
9180-619: The two official languages—along with Dutch —of the Brussels-Capital Region , where it is spoken by the majority of the population (approx. 80%), often as their primary language. French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland, along with German, Italian, and Romansh , and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland, called Romandy , of which Geneva is the largest city. The language divisions in Switzerland do not coincide with political subdivisions, and some cantons have bilingual status: for example, cities such as Biel/Bienne and cantons such as Valais , Fribourg and Bern . French
9282-508: The urban intellectual elite. The Gaulish language likely survived into the sixth century in France despite considerable Romanization . Coexisting with Latin, Gaulish helped shape the Vulgar Latin dialects that developed into French contributing loanwords and calques (including oui , the word for "yes"), sound changes shaped by Gaulish influence, and influences in conjugation and word order. Recent computational studies suggest that early gender shifts may have been motivated by
9384-485: The use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words. In Belgium, French is an official language at the federal level along with Dutch and German. At the regional level, French is the sole official language of Wallonia (excluding a part of the East Cantons , which are German-speaking ) and one of
9486-536: The workplace. In 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and Standard Mandarin Chinese . In English-speaking Canada, the United Kingdom, and Ireland, French is the first foreign language taught and in number of pupils is far ahead of other languages. In the United States, French is the second-most commonly taught foreign language in schools and universities, although well behind Spanish. In some areas of
9588-402: The world's French-speaking population lives in Africa. According to a 2023 estimate from the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie , an estimated 167 million African people spread across 35 countries and territories can speak French as either a first or a second language . This number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as
9690-417: Was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the ( Germanic ) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to the French colonial empire , there are numerous French-based creole languages , most notably Haitian Creole . A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French
9792-431: Was an increase of 205 and the non-Swiss population increased by 391 people. This represents a population growth rate of 1.9%. The age distribution of the population (as of 2000 ) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 25.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 62.3% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12.3%. As of 2000 , there were 12,250 people who were single and never married in
9894-819: Was during the period of the Crusades in which French became so dominant in the Mediterranean Sea that became a lingua franca ("Frankish language"), and because of increased contact with the Arabs during the Crusades who referred to them as Franj , numerous Arabic loanwords entered French, such as amiral (admiral), alcool (alcohol), coton (cotton) and sirop (syrop), as well as scientific terms such as algébre (algebra), alchimie (alchemy) and zéro (zero). Within Old French many dialects emerged but
9996-451: Was gradually adopted by the inhabitants of Gaul. As the language was learned by the common people, it developed a distinct local character, with grammatical differences from Latin as spoken elsewhere, some of which is attested in graffiti. This local variety evolved into the Gallo-Romance tongues, which include French and its closest relatives, such as Arpitan . The evolution of Latin in Gaul
10098-708: Was known in the Occitan-speaking region as Vergonha . Spoken by 19.71% of the European Union's population, French is the third most widely spoken language in the EU, after English and German and the second-most-widely taught language after English. Under the Constitution of France , French has been the official language of the Republic since 1992, although the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts made it mandatory for legal documents in 1539. France mandates
10200-594: Was shaped by its coexistence for over half a millennium beside the native Celtic Gaulish language , which did not go extinct until the late sixth century, long after the fall of the Western Roman Empire . The population remained 90% indigenous in origin; the Romanizing class were the local native elite (not Roman settlers), whose children learned Latin in Roman schools. At the time of the collapse of
10302-538: Was the Les Socialistes (with 14.8%), they were fourth in the canton-wide election, while the third most popular party was the Les Verts (with 12.0%), they were second in the canton-wide election. For the 2009 Conseil d'Etat election, there were a total of 14,120 registered voters of which 5,858 (41.5%) voted. In 2011, all the municipalities held local elections, and in Vernier there were 37 spots open on
10404-570: Was the language they use the most at home rose from 67% at the 2007 census to 74% at the 2017 census. In Wallis and Futuna, the percentage of the population who reported that French was the language they use the most at home rose from 10% at the 2008 census to 13% at the 2018 census. According to a demographic projection led by the Université Laval and the Réseau Démographie de l'Agence universitaire de la Francophonie ,
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