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44-519: The first Zeppelin-Staaken R-planes were made by Ferdinand von Zeppelin , aided by Robert Bosch GmbH (engineers), the V.G.O. I , (Versuchsbau Gotha-Ost) , was built at Gothaer Waggonfabrik due to lack of facilities at the Zeppelin works, hence the V.G.O. Designator. This large aircraft set the seal on what was to come, with a 42.2 m (138 ft 5 in) wingspan. The initial "V.G.O."-series of Zeppelin-Staaken "Giants" were very large aircraft by

88-404: A ground-handling mishap caused the bows to be pulled into the water, damaging the forward control surfaces. Repairs were completed by 17 January 1906, when LZ 2 made its only flight. Too much ballast was jettisoned on takeoff, causing the airship to rise to an altitude of 427 m (1,401 ft). Here a stiff breeze was encountered, and although the airship was at first able to overcome this,

132-519: A payment to Schwartz's widow as compensation for dissolving this arrangement. Claims that Zeppelin had been influenced by Schwartz were denied by Eckener in 1938 and also rejected by later historians. Zeppelin's design was "radically different" in both its scale and its framework from that of Schwarz. On 2 July 1900, Zeppelin made the first flight with the LZ ;1 over Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen in southern Germany. The airship rose from

176-684: A scheme to capitalise on the public enthusiasm for Zeppelin's airships by establishing a passenger-carrying business. Up until 1914 the German Aviation Association ( Deutsche Luftschiffahrtsgesellschaft or DELAG ) transported 37,250 people on over 1,600 flights without an incident. Within a few years the zeppelin revolution began creating the age of air transportation. During the First World War , Imperial Germany decided to deploy Zeppelins as long-distance bombers, launching numerous attacks upon Belgium, France, and

220-405: A skit in which Count Zeppelin ( Graham Chapman ) has taken various members of the government up in his ship for a promotional flight, only to get angry and throw each guest out of the ship's gondola (while still in the air) over the perceived insult of everyone referring to the craft as a balloon instead of his preferred airship or Zeppelin . Zeppelin (Adelsgeschlecht) From Misplaced Pages,

264-456: A storm, was repaired: at the same time it was lengthened by 8 m. It was re-inflated on 21 October 1908 and after a series of short test flights a flight lasting 5 hours 55 minutes took place on 27 October with the Kaiser's brother, Admiral Prince Heinrich , on board. On 7 November, with Crown Prince William as a passenger, it flew 80 km (50 mi) to Donaueschingen , where

308-538: A storm. The airship's earlier flights had excited public interest in the development of the airships, and a subsequent collection campaign raised over 6 million German marks. The money was used to create the ' Luftschiffbau-Zeppelin GmbH ' and the Zeppelin foundation ( Zeppelin Stiftung ). Following the destruction of LZ 4, LZ 3, which had been damaged when the floating hangar broke free of its mooring during

352-530: A third airship, LZ 3 . This was the same size and configuration as LZ 2, but had a greater gas capacity. Finished by the end of the year, it made two successful flights at a speed of 30 miles per hour (48 km/h), and in 1907 attained a speed of 36 miles per hour (58 km/h). The success of LZ 3 produced a change in the official attitude to his work, and the Reichstag voted that he should be awarded 500,000 marks to continue his work. However

396-437: Is said to have been the inspiration of his later interest in aeronautics. Zeppelin's ideas for large airships were first expressed in a diary entry dated 25 March 1874. Inspired by a recent lecture given by Heinrich von Stephan on the subject of "World Postal Services and Air Travel", he outlined the basic principle of his later craft: a large rigidly-framed outer envelope containing a number of separate gasbags. In 1887,

440-592: The Association of German Engineers (VDI) so impressed them that the VDI launched a public appeal for financial support for him. This led to a first contact with Carl Berg who supplied aluminium alloys which Zeppelin had tested, and by May 1898 they, together with Philipp Holzmann , Daimler, Max von Eyth , Carl von Linde , and Friedrich Voith , had formed the joint stock company Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Luftschiffahrt . Zeppelin invested 441,000 Marks, over half

484-881: The Austro-Sardinian War interrupted this study in 1859 when he was called up to the Ingenieurkorps (Würtemberg engineering corps ) at Ulm . In 1863, Zeppelin took leave to act as an observer for the Union's Army of the Potomac in the American Civil War in Virginia. Later, he travelled to the Upper Midwest with a party that probably included two Russians. Led by Native American (probably Ojibwe ) guides, they canoed and portaged from

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528-454: The LZ 5 was built and accepted into Army service as L II, Zeppelin's relationship with the military authorities continued to be poor, and deteriorated considerably due to his criticism of the Army following the loss of L II, which was carried away from its moorings and wrecked on 25 April 1910. However, the business director of Luftschiffbau-Zeppelin, Alfred Colsman , came up with

572-1141: The Luftstreitkräfte (Imperial German Air Service) on operations, the Zeppelin-Staaken R-planes flew operations over the eastern and western fronts as well as strategic bombing of targets in England and France . Three R.XIVs were built, serialed R 43/16 to R 45/16. R 43/16 was shot down by Captain Yaille of No. 151 Squadron RAF in July 1918. Data from German Aircraft of the First World War General characteristics Performance Armament Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Ferdinand von Zeppelin Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin ( German : Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August Graf von Zeppelin ; 8 July 1838 – 8 March 1917)

616-460: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " Zeppelin (Adelsgeschlecht) " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try

660-469: The French. Duttenhofer wrote to Gross threatening to withdraw support, and Zeppelin shortly afterwards sacked Gross, citing Gross's lack of support and writing that he was "an obstacle in my path". Despite these setbacks, Zeppelin's organization had refined his idea: a rigid aluminium framework covered in a fabric envelope; separate multiple internal gas cells, each free to expand and contract thus obviating

704-582: The Kaiser was then staying. In spite of poor weather conditions, the flight succeeded: two days later LZ 3 was officially accepted by the Government and on 10 November Zeppelin was rewarded with an official visit to Friedrichshafen by the Kaiser, during which a short demonstration flight over Lake Constance was made and Zeppelin awarded the Order of the Black Eagle . Although a replacement for LZ 4,

748-537: The King of Württemberg, who authorised a state lottery which raised 124,000 marks. A contribution of 50,000 marks was received from Prussia, and Zeppelin raised the remainder of the necessary money by mortgaging his wife's estates. Still supported by Daimler and Carl Berg, construction of his second airship, the LZ 2 , was started in April 1905. It was completed by 30 November, when it was first taken out of its hangar, but

792-593: The Union Army during the American Civil War . During the Peninsular Campaign , he visited the balloon camp of Thaddeus S. C. Lowe shortly after Lowe's services were terminated by the Army. Von Zeppelin then travelled to St. Paul, MN where the German-born former Army balloonist John Steiner offered tethered flights. His first ascent in a balloon, made at Saint Paul, Minnesota during this visit,

836-580: The United Kingdom . Count Everhard von Zeppelin, Second Lieutenant in the German Lancers, married November 1895, Mary "Mamie" McGarvey, daughter of Canadian magnate William Henry McGarvey , owner of the oil wells of Galicia and his wife, Helena J. Weslowska. A former Count von Zeppelin married a granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Ranfurly . Count Zeppelin died early in 1917, before the end of World War I . He did not live to witness either

880-859: The beginning of his thinking about dirigible lighter-than-air craft to this experience. In 1865, Zeppelin was appointed adjutant of the King of Württemberg and as general staff officer participated in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. He was awarded the Ritterkreuz (Knight's Cross) of the Military Merit Order of Württemberg . In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 a reconnaissance mission behind enemy lines, during which he narrowly avoided capture, made him famous among many Germans. From 1882 until 1885, Zeppelin

924-436: The crew and engines, was 117.35 m (385.0 ft) long with a gas capacity of 9514 cu m (336,000 cu ft): the middle section was 16 m (52 ft 6 in) long with an intended useful load of 599 kg (1,321 lb) and the rear section 39.93 m (131.0 ft) long with an intended load of 1,996 kg (4,400 lb) In early 1896, Zeppelin's lecture on steerable airship designs given to

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968-488: The design in July. One month later, in August 1895, Zeppelin received a patent for Kober's design, described as an "airship-train" ( Lenkbarer Luftfahrzug mit mehreren hintereinanderen angeordneten Tragkörpern [Steerable airship-train with several carrier structures arranged one behind another].) The patent describes an airship consisting of three rigid sections flexibly connected. The front section, intended to contain

1012-579: The engine nacelles, at around mid gap and the single axle main undercarriage units. Despite the wide variations between all the Staaken R-series variants in their engine configurations, the identical 42.2 meter wingspan figures for nearly all of them indicate that nearly identical wing layouts were likely shared by almost all the Zeppelin-Staaken R-series designs built. The square-section fuselage, with curved decking forward of

1056-480: The failure of the forward engine due to cooling problems followed by the failure of the other due to a broken clutch-spring left the airship at the mercy of the wind. It was brought down near Kisslegg in the Allgäu mountains, with some damage caused by the stern's striking some trees during mooring, but was more severely damaged by high winds the following night, and had to be dismantled. In May 1906, work started on

1100-929: The 💕 Look for Zeppelin (Adelsgeschlecht) on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for Zeppelin (Adelsgeschlecht) in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use

1144-468: The ground and remained in the air for 20 minutes, but was damaged on landing. After repairs and some modifications two further flights were made by LZ 1 in October 1900, However the airship was not considered successful enough to justify investment by the government, and since the experiments had exhausted Count Zeppelin's funds, he was forced to suspend his work. Zeppelin still enjoyed the support of

1188-495: The house of Alt-Schwanenburg (located in the present-day town of Gulbene in Latvia, then part of Livonia ). They had a daughter, Helene (Hella) von Zeppelin (1879–1967) who in 1909 married Graf Alexander von Brandenstein-Zeppelin (1881–1949). Ferdinand had a nephew Baron Max von Gemmingen  [ de ] , who volunteered at the start of World War I, after he was past military age, to become general staff officer assigned to

1232-496: The layout of a single nose engine, usually driving a two-bladed propeller and with the interwing engine nacelles on either side suspended by struts between the mainplanes each housing two engines in tandem, geared to drive single pusher propellers . Engine installation variations included: Construction of the aircraft was almost entirely of wood or plywood with fabric covering , steel detail fittings and struts . The wings were three bay strutted and wire-braced assemblies supporting

1276-442: The mainplanes on either side of the fuselage — these possessed accommodations for engineers and/or gunners; an engine installed in the nose; tricycle undercarriage with the aircraft able to stand nose down or tail down onto a tail-skid; a box like tail unit with biplane tailplanes and twin fins with rudders (some later variants also had a central fin). The engine installations differed with each aircraft type but generally followed

1320-434: The military airship LZ 12 Sachsen . In 1853, Count Zeppelin left to attend the polytechnic at Stuttgart, and in 1855 he became a cadet of the military school at Ludwigsburg and then started his career as an army officer in the army of Württemberg . By 1858, Zeppelin had been promoted to lieutenant , and that year he was given leave to study science, engineering and chemistry at Tübingen . Würtemberg's mobilising for

1364-623: The need for ballonets ; modular frame allowing addition of sections and gas cells; controls, engines and gondola rigidly attached. After publishing the idea in March 1892 he hired the engineer Theodor Kober who started work testing and further refining the design. Zeppelin submitted Kober's 1893 detailed designs to the Prussian Airship Service , whose committee reviewed it in 1894. In June 1895 this committee recommended minimum funds be granted, but withdrew this offer and rejected

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1408-439: The paired engines amidships, a cockpit for the engineer and defensive gun position for the gunner either forward or behind of the engines depending on whether a pusher or tractor arrangement was used. Aircraft using push-pull nacelles, i.e. individual propellers for each engine, had no provision for defensive armament, just a cockpit for the engineer amidships. Flown principally by Riesenflugzeug-Abteilung (Rfa) 500 and Rfa 501 of

1452-629: The provisional shutdown of the Zeppelin project due to the Treaty of Versailles or the second resurgence of the Zeppelins under his successor Hugo Eckener . The unfinished World War II German aircraft carrier Graf Zeppelin , and two rigid airships, the world-circling LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin , and LZ 130 Graf Zeppelin II , twin to the Hindenburg , were named after him. In 1975, Zeppelin

1496-491: The purchase by the Government of an airship was made conditional on the successful completion of a 24‑hour trial flight. Knowing that this was beyond the capabilities of LZ 3, work was started on a larger airship, the LZ 4 . This first flew on 20 June 1908. The final financial breakthrough only came after the Zeppelin LZ ;4 was destroyed by fire at Echterdingen after breaking free of its moorings during

1540-405: The standards of 1915, and its four-bay interplane-strut per side wing structure, planform shape (having slightly swept-back leading edges) and general wing structural dimensions would be used, almost unchanged, for the entire series of Zeppelin-Staaken multi-engined giant aircraft through to 1917-18. Other design traits were: nacelle -mounted engines, with the strut-mounted nacelles suspended between

1584-606: The success of Charles Renard and Arthur Krebs ' 1884 airship La France prompted him to send a letter to the King of Württemberg about the military necessity for dirigibles and the lack of German development in this field. After his resignation from the army in 1891 at age 52, Zeppelin devoted his full attention to airships. He hired the engineer Theodor Gross to make tests of possible materials and to assess available engines for both fuel efficiency and power-to-weight ratio. He also had air propellers tested and strove to obtain higher purity hydrogen gas from suppliers. Zeppelin

1628-486: The total capital. Actual construction then started of what was to be the first successful rigid airship, the Zeppelin LZ1 . Berg's involvement with the project later led to allegations that Zeppelin had used the patent and designs of David Schwarz 's airship of 1897. Berg had signed a contract with Schwartz under the terms of which he undertook not to supply aluminium to any other airship manufacturer. He later made

1672-596: The western end of Lake Superior up the St. Louis River and across to Crow Wing, Minnesota , on the Upper Mississippi River. On reaching St. Paul (via stagecoach and hired carriage), Zeppelin encountered German-born itinerant balloonist John Steiner and made his first aerial ascent with him from a site near the International Hotel in downtown St. Paul on 19 August. Many years later he attributed

1716-465: The wings, supported the tail unit and nose twin wheel single axle nose undercarriage and housed the majority of the crew, defensive armament positions, cockpit, cabin, and bomb load. The later versions, especially the "production" R.VI version, used pre-printed lozenge camouflage on their fabric covering in the attempt to "conceal" them on their nighttime operations over the U.K. The engine nacelles consisted of semi-monocoque wooden constructions, with

1760-524: Was a German general and later inventor of the Zeppelin rigid airships. His name became synonymous with airships and dominated long-distance flight until the 1930s. He founded the company Luftschiffbau Zeppelin . Ferdinand was the scion of a noble family  [ de ] . Zepelin , the family's eponymous hometown, is a small community outside the town of Bützow in Mecklenburg . Ferdinand

1804-545: Was commander of the 19th Uhlans in Ulm, and was then appointed to be the envoy of Württemberg in Berlin. In 1890, he gave up this post to return to army service, being given command of a Prussian cavalry brigade. His handling of this at the 1890 autumn manoeuvres was severely criticised and he was forced to retire from the Army, albeit with the rank of generalleutnant . Ferdinand von Zeppelin served as an official observer with

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1848-598: Was inducted into the International Air & Space Hall of Fame . The name of the British rock group Led Zeppelin derives from his airships. His granddaughter Countess Eva von Zeppelin once threatened to sue them for illegal use of their family name while they were performing in Copenhagen . A 1974 episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus ( Series 4, Episode 1, The Golden Age Of Ballooning ) features

1892-718: Was so confident of his concept that in June 1891 he wrote to the King of Württemberg's secretary, announcing he was to start building, and shortly after requested a review from the Prussian Army's Chief of General Staff. The next day Zeppelin almost gave up as he realized he had underestimated air resistance, but resumed work on hearing that Hans Bartsch von Sigsfeld made light but powerful engines, information soon shown to be overoptimistic. Whereupon Zeppelin urged his supporter Max von Duttenhofer to press Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft for more efficient engines so as not to fall behind

1936-401: Was the son of Württemberg Minister and Hofmarschall Friedrich Jerôme Wilhelm Karl Graf von Zeppelin (1807–1886) and his wife Amélie Françoise Pauline (born Macaire d'Hogguer) (1816–1852). Ferdinand spent his childhood with his sister and brother at their Girsberg manor near Konstanz , where he was educated by private tutors. Ferdinand married Isabella Freiin von Wolff in Berlin. She was from

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