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59-779: Dannevirke ( lit. " work of the Danes ", a reference to Danevirke ; Māori : Taniwaka or Tāmaki-nui-a-Rua , the area where the town is), is a rural service town in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of the North Island, New Zealand. It is the main centre of the Tararua District . The surrounding area, a catchment and source of the Manawatū River (approximately 20 Min drive north of town) has developed into dairy , beef cattle and sheep farming, which now provides

118-692: A Friday afternoon, when worshippers inside the mosques were gathering for Jumu'ah . The accused perpetrator of the attack was an Australian described as a white supremacist who intended to create an "atmosphere of fear" against Muslims. However, a week after the attack, a nationwide moment of silence was observed in New Zealand on Friday – ushered in by the Muslim call to prayer. The prayer and two-minute reflection were broadcast live on national media outlets and came as an estimated 20,000 people, including Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern , gathered metres from

177-614: A clearing of the Seventy Mile Bush . The Dannevirke after which the town was named is an extensive Viking Age fortification line in Denmark which had a strong emotive symbolic role for 19th-century Danes, especially after the site had fallen into German hands in the German-Danish War of 1864 – a recent and very painful event for these settlers. The settlement quickly earned the nickname of " sleeper town", as

236-631: A community matriarch. It is the largest such structure in the wider Horn region. Bigo bya Mugenyi is an extensive earthworks site in the interlacustrine region of southwestern Uganda . On the south shore of the Katonga river, the Bigo earthworks consist of a series of ditches and berms comprising an outer arch that encompasses four interconnected enclosures. When combined, the Bigo earthworks measure more than 10 km (6 mi) long. Radiometric dates from archaeological investigations at Bigo date

295-685: A conical mound is the Miamisburg Mound in central Ohio, which has been estimated to have been built by people of the Adena culture in the time range of 800 BC to 100 AD. The American Plains also hold temple mounds, or platform mounds , which are giant pyramid-shaped mounds with flat tops that once held temples made of wood. Examples of temple mounds include Monks Mound located at the Cahokia site in Collinsville, Illinois, and Mound H at

354-415: A considerable size. Dannevirke has produced a number of sports men and women in a number of different disciplines, among them rugby player John Timu , who made New Zealand teams in both union and league . Ewen Chatfield , who was an important member of the successful New Zealand cricket team of the 1980s Hadlee-Coney-Crowe era, is from Dannevirke, as is former All Black Duncan Hales, who now resides in

413-744: A farm near Dannevirke late in his career. The Dannevirke Sports Club and Aotea Sports Club are the major outlets for sport in the town with netball, cricket and soccer teams as well as a rugby team that compete in the Premier Manawatu Senior Competition and the Hawke's Bay 1st Division. Dannevirke has an Oceanic climate , ( Köppen : Cfb ). Due its high altitude the summer temperatures are often cooler compared to other Eastern North Island towns, such as Masterton , Napier and Gisborne , while in winter Dannevirke can regularly experience frosts as in other parts of New Zealand. Snow

472-405: A geographic information system ( GIS ) to produce three-dimensional representations of the earthworks. An accurate survey of the earthworks can enable them to be interpreted without the need for excavation . For example, earthworks from deserted medieval villages can be used to determine the location, size, and layout of lost settlements. Often these earthworks can point to the purpose of such

531-553: A hundred until after the Second World War . In 1945, there were 67 recorded Muslims in New Zealand. In 1951, the refugee boat SS Goya brought over 60 Muslim men from Albania and Yugoslavia , boosting the Muslim population to 205. Between 1961 and 1971, the Muslim population increased from 260 to 779. The Muslim community in New Zealand continued to grow during the 1970s and 1980s, reaching around 2,000 by 1979 and 2,500 by 1986. Large-scale Muslim immigration began with

590-697: A population density of 833 people per km. Dannevirke had a population of 5,508 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 429 people (8.4%) since the 2013 census , and a decrease of 51 people (−0.9%) since the 2006 census . There were 2,178 households, comprising 2,613 males and 2,892 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.9 males per female, with 1,137 people (20.6%) aged under 15 years, 978 (17.8%) aged 15 to 29, 2,166 (39.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,233 (22.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 75.2% European/ Pākehā , 33.1% Māori , 2.3% Pasifika , 3.9% Asian , and 1.0% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas

649-525: A roll of 147. Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tamaki Nui A Rua is a co-educational Year 1–13 Māori language immersion school , with a roll of 89. Totara College of Accelerated Learning is a co-educational state-integrated Year 1–13 school, with a roll of 67. Earthworks (archaeology) In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath

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708-688: A settlement, as well the context in which it existed. Earthworks in North America include mounds built by Native Americans known as the Mound Builders . Ancient people who lived in the American Midwest commonly built effigy mounds , which are mounds shaped like animals (real or imaginary) or people. Possibly the most famous of these effigy mounds is Serpent Mound . Located in Ohio , this 411-metre-long (1,348 ft) earthen work

767-520: A video of man showing guns in a car and randomly shooting. A third Auckland Muslim school Iqra primary school restricted access as a safeguard. Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand spokesperson Abdur Razzak said the email video threat brought back memories of the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019 and urged the National-led government to reconsider its policies of downscaling

826-612: Is 19 hectares (47 acres). Shallow earthworks are often more visible as cropmarks or in aerial photographs if taken when the sun is low in the sky and shadows are more pronounced. Similarly, earthworks may be more visible after a frost or a light dusting of snow. Earthworks can be detected and plotted using Light Detection and Ranging ( LIDAR ). This technique is particularly useful for mapping small variations in land height that would be difficult to detect by eye. It can be used to map features beneath forest canopy and for features hidden by other vegetation. LIDAR results can be input into

885-482: Is a rugby player and heavyweight boxer, Sonny Bill Williams , as well as fellow All Black player Ofa Tu'ungafasi . According to 2013 census data, there were 4,353 Muslims (about 9.5% of the total Muslim population) among the European community ( Pākehā ). It decreased to 3,693 Muslims in 2018 Census. In 2006, two newspapers in New Zealand decided to republish controversial Danish cartoons depicting Muhammad ,

944-712: Is affiliated with the Ngāti Pakapaka and Ngāti Te Rangiwhakaewa hapū, and includes the Kaitoki Memorial Hall. Mākirikiri marae is affiliated with Ngāti Mutuahi and Ngāti Te Rangiwhakaewa hapū, and includes the Aotea Tuatoru wharenui. Whiti te Rā marae, also known as Poherau marae, is affiliated with Ngāti Mutuahi hapū, and includes Whiti te Rā wharenui. Totara College hosts the Dannevirke Garden and Craft Expo, an annual event that has grown to

1003-435: Is rare, the latest snow to hit Dannevirke was July 13, 2017 Dannevirke High School is the town's co-educational state secondary school, with a roll of 429 as of August 2024. Dannevirke has three co-educational state primary schools: Dannevirke South School, with a roll of 256, Huia Range School, with a roll of 252, and Ruahine School, with a roll of . St Joseph's School is a co-educational state Catholic primary school, with

1062-744: Is the Southland Muslim Association Masjid/Community Centre in Invercargill . Islam was estimated to be the fastest growing religion among the Māori , however recently there is only a growth of 39 individuals in 12 years between 2006 and 2018. Census figures showing the number of Muslims of Māori ethnicity increasing from 99 to 708 from 1991 to 2001. The Māori Muslim population thereafter virtually stabilised from 1,077 in 2006 to 1,083 in 2013 to 1,116 in 2018. Te Amorangi Izhaq Kireka-Whaanga, leader of

1121-536: Is thought to memorialize alignments of the planets and stars that were of special significance to the Native Americans that constructed it. Cone-shaped or conical mounds are also numerous, with thousands of them scattered across the American Midwest, some over 24 m (80 ft) tall. These conical mounds appear to be marking the graves of one person or even dozens of people. An example of

1180-668: The 2018 New Zealand census , a decrease of 24 people (−1.8%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 9 people (0.7%) since the 2006 census . There were 486 households, comprising 669 males and 633 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.06 males per female. The median age was 43.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 279 people (21.4%) aged under 15 years, 183 (14.1%) aged 15 to 29, 624 (47.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 222 (17.1%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 85.9% European/ Pākehā , 22.6% Māori , 0.9% Pasifika , 2.1% Asian , and 0.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas

1239-448: The 2023 New Zealand census , there are at least 75,144 Muslim New Zealanders across the country and it is a religious affiliation representing about 1.5% of the total population. The first Islamic centre in New Zealand opened in 1959 and there are now several mosques and two Islamic schools. The majority of Muslims in New Zealand are Sunni , with significant Shia and Ahmadiyya minorities. The Ahmadiyya Community has translated

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1298-685: The Crystal River site in Citrus County , Florida . The earthworks at Poverty Point occupy one of the largest-area sites in North America, as they cover some 920 acres (320 ha) of land in Louisiana. Military earthworks can result in subsequent archaeological earthworks. Examples include Roman marching forts which can leave small earthworks. During the American Civil War , earthwork fortifications were built throughout

1357-585: The Middle East ( Turkey and Lebanon ), South Asia ( Pakistan , India and Bangladesh ) and Southeast Asia . There is also a large Indo-Fijian Muslim community and an equally substantial Somali minority in New Zealand. Contrary to popular assertions from various community leaders, no one single ethnic group can claim to contribute more than half of the New Zealand Muslim population. The majority of Muslims in New Zealand are concentrated in

1416-708: The Turkmen Saleh Mohamed and his father Sultan (who both settled in Christchurch in 1905), the Gujarati immigrant Ishamel Ahmed Bhikoo (who became a shopkeeper in Auckland ), Essop Moosa, and Muhammad Suleiman Kara (who settled in Christchurch). According to Kolig, Bhikoo and Moses also brought relatives to New Zealand. In 1920, New Zealand adopted a restrictive immigration policy that limited Asian immigration. The Muslim population remained less than

1475-718: The previous National government 's watch. Peters indicated that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade had summoned Ghahremani to express its disapproval. On 15 March 2019, a terrorist attacked worshippers at two mosques in Christchurch , killing 51 people, including 42 at the Al Noor Mosque in Riccarton , 7 at the Linwood Islamic Centre , and 2 who died in hospital. The attacks took place on

1534-656: The 2018 census is 57,276, up 24% from 46,149 in the 2013 census. The majority of New Zealand Muslims are Sunnis but there is a large number of Shias who live in New Zealand, concentrated mainly in Auckland (the largest city of New Zealand). In recent years Shia Muslims have become active holding Ashura commemoration programmes in Auckland parks. The first of these was conducted by the Fatima Zahra Charitable Association on 19 January 2008. There are significant communities of Muslims from

1593-470: The Al Noor mosque in the city of Christchurch for Muslim Friday prayers. Gamal Fouda, an imam who survived the attack at Al Noor mosque, said "last Friday I stood in this mosque and saw hatred and rage in the eyes of the terrorist, but today from the same place I look out and I see the love and compassion in the eyes of thousands of New Zealanders and human beings from around the globe". Speaking to mourners in

1652-726: The Aotearoa Maori Muslim Association, views tino rangatiratanga as a form of jihad, and Islam as "the perfect vehicle for Māori nationalism ". The leader of the AMMA, Sheikh Eshaq Te Amorangi Morgan Kireka-Whaanga was identified in 2010 among the top 500 most influential Muslims. In 2004 Sheikh Eshaq led the Quran Tilawat at the "National Islamic Converts Conference" at the Canterbury mosque in Christchurch . The Ahmadiyya Community has translated

1711-765: The French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo and hostile messages were plastered on the Queenstown Islamic Centre, which had opened on 11 December. The Mayor of Queenstown-Lakes Jim Boult condemned the incident and apologised on behalf of Queenstown to the Muslim community. An 18-year-old teenager was subsequently arrested in connection to the incident and also charged with possessing a knife. On 9 September 2024, two Muslim schools Al-Madinah School and Zayed College in Mangere , Auckland went into lockdown after receiving an email threat. The email featured

1770-823: The Harmony Awards "as part of Islam Awareness Week to recognise the contributions of New Zealanders to improving understanding and relationships between Muslims and the wider community". The FIANZ is affiliated with seven regional associations including the New Zealand Muslim Association (NZMA), the South Auckland Muslim Association (SAMA), the Waikato Muslim Association (WMA), the Manawatu Muslim Association (MMA),

1829-916: The Holocaust and attacking Israel at the Shia Islamic Ahlulbayt Foundation in Pakuranga , Auckland during a meeting to commemorate Quds Day in June. A video of the speeches had been posted on the Foundation's YouTube channel. These remarks were criticised by the New Zealand Jewish Council and the pro-Israel think tank the Israel Institute of New Zealand, who advocated Ghahremani's expulsion. Ghahremani later clarified that his actions represented

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1888-867: The International Muslim Association of New Zealand (IMAN), the Muslim Association of Canterbury (MAC), and the Otago Muslim Association. Other Muslim organisations have included the predominantly Fijian Indian Anjuman Himayat al-Islam, the University of Otago 's Muslim Student Association (MUSA), the Ahmadiyya Jama'at New Zealand, and the Southland Muslim Association. The number of Muslims in New Zealand according to

1947-484: The Iranian government's official position on Israel. Race Relations Commissioner Devoy also condemned the trio's anti-Semitic statements. The opposition New Zealand National Party 's foreign affairs spokesperson Gerry Brownlee also urged the incumbent Labour-New Zealand First-Green coalition government to expel Ghahremani. In response, Foreign Minister Winston Peters countered that the incident had occurred under

2006-708: The New Zealand Jewish Council, and the Ahmadiyya community. In response to negative publicity, Sahib was dismissed from his advisory position at the FIANZ. Sahib denied accusations of racism and issued a statement claiming his statements had been taken out of context. In late October 2017, it was reported in the media that the first secretary of the Iranian Embassy Hormoz Ghahremani, the visiting Iranian cleric Hojatoleslam Shafie, and community elder Sayed Taghi Derhami had made remarks denying

2065-574: The Qur'an into the Māori language . The earliest Muslim presence in New Zealand dates back to the late 19th century. The first Muslims in New Zealand were an Indian family who settled in Cashmere , Christchurch , in the 1850s. The 1874 government census reported 15 Chinese Muslim gold diggers working in the Dunstan gold fields of Otago in the 1870s. The first Muslim to be buried in New Zealand

2124-523: The Qur'an into the Māori language, Te Reo . While New Zealand's overall Pacific Islander community grew 15% according to census data from 2001 to 2006, Muslim Pacific Islanders grew 87.43%. According to 2013 census data, there were 1,536 Muslims among the Pacific islander community (a little under 3.5% of New Zealand's Muslim population). It increased to 1,866 Muslims in 2018. One Muslim from this community

2183-897: The United States. Other Dannevirke All Blacks were Colin Loader (1950s), Blair Furlong (1970 to South Africa), Lui Paewai who is widely acknowledged as the youngest All Black in history at just 17 years old (1924 Invincibles) and whose brother, nephews and grand-nephews (Doc, Hepa, Nathan and Murdoch respectively) went on to have good careers for Hawkes Bay and the New Zealand Maori side, and Roy White (post-war All Black in 1946 and 1947). Other All Blacks who spent time in Dannevirke included 1981 All Black tourist to Romania and France Wayne Neville , who attended Dannevirke High School, and John Ashworth , who moved from Canterbury to

2242-502: The arrival of mainly working class Indo-Fijians in the 1970s. They were followed by professionals after the first Fiji coup of 1987 . During the 1990s many migrants were admitted under New Zealand's refugee quota, from war zones in Somalia , Bosnia , Afghanistan , Kosovo and Iraq . There are also a significant number of Muslims from Iran who live in New Zealand. New Zealand has several mosques and Islamic centres and trusts in

2301-473: The building of a marae at Makirikiri near Dannevirke at about the same time as the first Nordic settlers arrived from Napier and Hawkes Bay. The town was founded on 15 October 1872 by Danish , Norwegian and Swedish settlers, adherents of Scandinavism , who arrived at the port of Napier and moved inland. The settlers, who arrived under the Public Works Act , built their initial settlement in

2360-463: The country, by both Confederate and Union sides. The largest earthwork fort built during the war was Fortress Rosecrans , which originally encompassed 255 acres (103  ha ). In northeastern Somalia , near the city of Bosaso at the end of the Baladi valley, lies an earthwork 2 to 3 km (1.2 to 1.9 mi) long. Local tradition recounts that the massive embankment marks the grave of

2419-481: The crowd, Prime Minister Ardern said "New Zealand mourns with you. We are one". Quoting Muhammad , she said: "The believers in their mutual kindness, compassion, and sympathy are just like one body. When any part of the body suffers, the whole body feels pain." The horrific bloody event was condemned worldwide. New Zealand businesses and the community have come together to combat discrimination among Muslims. On 23 December 2020, six posters depicting Muhammad taken from

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2478-401: The early 1900s until the 1960s. Large-scale Muslim immigration began in the 1970s with the arrival of Indian Fijians , followed in the 1990s by refugees from various war-torn countries. According to the 2018 New Zealand census , there are at least 57,276 Muslim New Zealanders across the country and it is a religious affiliation representing about 1.3% of the total population. According to

2537-673: The earthworks to roughly AD 1300–1500, and they have been called Uganda's "largest and most important ancient monument". The Steppe Geoglyphs , discovered in 2007 using Google Earth, are an example of earthworks in Central Asia. Islam in New Zealand Islam is the third-largest religion in New Zealand (1.5%) after Christianity (32.3%) and Hinduism (2.9%). Small numbers of Muslim immigrants from South Asia and eastern Europe settled in New Zealand from

2596-588: The editors got together with the Race Relations office , and Jewish and Christian representatives in Wellington. As a result of this meeting the editors said they would not apologise but in good faith would refrain from publishing the offending images again. The New Zealand Muslim leadership, through the Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand (FIANZ), then proceeded in good faith to consider

2655-444: The major centres, and two Islamic schools (Al Madinah and Zayed College for Girls) in Auckland. Auckland alone has about 15 Islamic centres, mosques, and trusts. The Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand (FIANZ) is the national umbrella organisation that represents the Muslim community in New Zealand. FIANZ is affiliated with seven regional organisations, trusts, and most mosques and Islamic centres in New Zealand. FIANZ

2714-412: The major cities of Auckland, Hamilton , Wellington, and Christchurch . From the mid-1990s, an influx of Malay students from Malaysia and Singapore has increased the proportion of Muslims in some other centres, notably the university city of Dunedin . Dunedin is home to a mosque called Al-Huda mosque, which is run by the Otago Muslim Association. As of 2019, the southernmost mosque in New Zealand

2773-407: The major income for the town's population of 5,680. Before European settlers arrived in the 1870s, the line of descent for Māori in the area was from the Kurahaupō waka. The tribe of the area is Rangitāne , with geographic distinction to Te Rangiwhakaewa in the immediate Dannevirke region. The first known 'Aotea' meeting house was established approximately 15 generations ago (from 2010) followed by

2832-410: The matter closed, and drafted letters to 52 Muslim countries reversing their earlier stance and asking that New Zealand products not be boycotted. In November 2016, Mohammad Anwar Sahib, the Imam of the Al-Taqwa mosque in Manukau , Auckland and a religious adviser to the FIANZ, drew controversy when he made offensive remarks about Jews, Christians, and women in a series of speeches that were posted by

2891-474: The prophet of Islam. The Muslim community registered its displeasure through press statements and a small peaceful march in Auckland. The editors said they did not mean offence but would not back down. Prime Minister Helen Clark and opposition leader Don Brash both made statements that the cartoons were not appreciated if they deeply offended members of the New Zealand community, but that such decisions were for editors to make, not politicians. Muslim leaders and

2950-429: The right-wing blogger Cameron Slater on YouTube . Sahib's comments were condemned by a wide range of figures and groups in New Zealand society including the FIANZ's President Hazim Arafeh, the Islamic Women's Council of New Zealand (IWCNZ), the Race Relations Commissioner Dame Susan Devoy , the Ethnic Communities Minister Sam Lotu-Iiga , the ACT party David Seymour , the New Zealand First leader Winston Peters ,

3009-504: The road engulfing the Dannevirke Co-operative Association's store. As the fire spread through adjoining shops another hotel, the Masonic was engulfed. By about 5pm the Dannevirke and Woodville Fire Brigades, along with assistance from the local community had brought the fires under control. In total 27 business premises and 2 hotels were destroyed with damage estimated at £200,000. Dannevirke covers 6.82 km (2.63 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 5,680 as of June 2024, with

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3068-579: The surface. Earthworks of interest to archaeologists include hill forts , henges , mounds , platform mounds , effigy mounds , enclosures , long barrows , tumuli , ridge and furrow , mottes , round barrows , and other tombs . Earthworks can vary in height from a few centimetres to the size of Silbury Hill at 40 metres (130 ft). They can date from the Neolithic to the present. The structures can also stretch for many tens of miles (e.g. Offa's Dyke and Antonine Wall ). In area, they can cover many hectares; for example, Maiden Castle , which

3127-433: The town's purpose was to provide tōtara sleepers for the Napier–Wellington railway line . At one stage the area had 50 operating sawmills. After the native bush was cleared, the land was turned into pasture for grazing animals . On 27 October 1917, much of the town's business district was destroyed by fire. The fire had started in the Andrew's Hotel on the corner of High and Station Streets at about 2pm. Flames blew across

3186-439: Was $ 36,600, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 162 people (15.8%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 573 (56.0%) people were employed full-time, 168 (16.4%) were part-time, and 18 (1.8%) were unemployed. Dannevirke has three marae (tribal meeting grounds) of the Rangitāne tribe and its hapū (sub-tribes); each marae has a wharenui (meeting house). Kaitoki marae

3245-560: Was 8.5, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 46.8% had no religion, 37.1% were Christian , 5.9% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.4% were Hindu , 0.6% were Muslim , 0.4% were Buddhist and 1.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 330 (7.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,380 (31.6%) people had no formal qualifications. 255 people (5.8%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15

3304-446: Was 8.8, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 45.6% had no religion, 44.0% were Christian , 2.8% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.2% were Hindu , 0.2% were Buddhist and 1.2% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 117 (11.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 255 (24.9%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income

3363-465: Was a Javanese sailor named Mohamed Dan, who died in Dunedin in 1888. The anthropologist Erich Kolig also speculates that a few Muslim sailors from Southeast Asia and South Asia may have settled in New Zealand during that period. Most of the early Muslim migrants settled in major centres like Auckland and Christchurch . In 1890, a group of Punjabi Muslim migrants including Sheik Mohamed Din settled in Christchurch. Other notable migrants including

3422-537: Was founded in April 1979 by Mazhar Krasniqi , who brought together the three regional Muslim organisations of Canterbury , Wellington and Auckland. He was honoured for his efforts by the New Zealand government in 2002, receiving a Queens Service Medal. Later Hajji Ashraf Choudhary served as president (1984–85) before pursuing a political career and entering the New Zealand Parliament in 1999. (However, Choudhary would separate his religion from politics, in line with New Zealand secularism). In 2008, FIANZ established

3481-416: Was that 1,743 (39.9%) people were employed full-time, 666 (15.2%) were part-time, and 204 (4.7%) were unemployed. Papatawa statistical area covers 230.05 km (88.82 sq mi) to the west of Dannevirke, but does not include Papatawa settlement. It had an estimated population of 1,350 as of June 2024, with a population density of 5.9 people per km. The statistical area had a population of 1,302 at

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