Misplaced Pages

#27972

47-652: Włodzimierz may refer to the following : People [ edit ] Włodzimierz (given name) , a Polish variant of the (East) Slavic name Vladimir Places and jurisdictions [ edit ] Włodzimierz, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) Włodzimierz, Łask County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Włodzimierz, Radomsko County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Volodymyr-Volynskyi in Volyn Oblast (Western Ukraine) formerly known as Włodzimierz [Wołyński] Włodzimierz Voivodeship (1793)

94-682: A Jesuit church was erected there by the starost of Słonim Ignacy Sadowski and, in 1780, the Greek Catholic Josaphat's church was added to the list. Following the Russian Empire 's takeover of the town, in the effect of the Partitions of Poland , both shrines were confiscated and donated to the authorities of the Orthodox Church, which converted them to an Orthodox monastery and church, respectively, while

141-638: A Catholic bishopric in the city (known as Włodzimierz), later transferred to nearby Lutsk , which in the 15th century instead of Volodymyr became the leading city and capital of Volhynia . In 1370, it was taken by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (after 1386, part of the Polish–Lithuanian Union ) and it was not until the Union of Lublin of 1569 that it returned to the Crown of Poland . In the meantime,

188-527: A garrison town, with the 6th Polish Infantry Regiment stationed there in 1790, and the 2nd Polish National Cavalry Brigade stationed there in 1794. On 17 July 1792, the Battle of Włodzimierz took place in the vicinity of the town: a numerically inferior Polish force led by Tadeusz Kościuszko defeated a Russian army. The city remained a part of Poland until the Third Partition of Poland of 1795 when

235-517: Is around nine, is uncertain. His wives, concubines, and their children were as follows: The Eastern Orthodox , Byzantine Rite Lutheran and Roman Catholic churches celebrate the feast day of St. Vladimir on 15/28 July. The town Volodymyr in north-western Ukraine was founded by Vladimir and is named after him. The foundation of another town, Vladimir in Russia, is usually attributed to Vladimir Monomakh . However some researchers argue that it

282-485: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Volodymyr-Volynskyi The medieval Latin name of the town " Lodomeria " became the namesake of the 19th century Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria , of which the town itself was not a part. Five kilometres (three miles) south from Volodymyr is Zymne , where the oldest Orthodox monastery in Volhynia

329-531: Is located. The city was named after Vladimir the Great (Volodymyr the Great), who was born in the village of Budiatychi , about 20 km from Volodymyr, and later also abbreviated Lodomeria , Ladimiri . Following the partitions of Poland and the annexation of Volhynia by the Russian Empire in 1795, it was called Volodymyr-Volynskyi (Vladimir-Volynsky) to distinguish it from Vladimir-on-Klyazma . The name

376-901: The Cherven towns from the Duchy of Poland ; in 981–982, he suppressed a Vyatichi rebellion; in 983, he subdued the Yatvingians ; in 984, he conquered the Radimichs ; and in 985, he conducted a military campaign against the Volga Bulgars , planting numerous fortresses and colonies on his way. Although Christianity had spread in the region under Oleg's rule, Vladimir had remained a thoroughgoing pagan, taking eight hundred concubines (along with numerous wives) and erecting pagan statues and shrines to gods. He may have attempted to reform Slavic paganism in an attempt to identify himself with

423-690: The Katyn massacre and the Vinnytsia massacre , the Volodymyr-Volynskyi murders were shown in 2012 to have been carried out by German forces, most likely the Einsatzgruppen C. The primary archeological evidence for German culpability was that most of the bullet shell casings were dated 1941 and were from a German factory. Testimony by a Jewish survivor of the city, Ann Kazimirski (née Ressels), who lived on Kovelska Street, recorded by

470-706: The Poliane ". Open abuse of the deities that most people in Rus' revered triggered widespread indignation. A mob killed the Christian Fyodor and his son Ioann (later, after the overall Christianisation of Kievan Rus', people came to regard these two as the first Christian martyrs in Rus', and the Orthodox Church set a day to commemorate them, 25 July ). Immediately after said murder, early medieval Rus' saw persecutions against Christians, many of whom escaped or concealed their belief. However, Prince Vladimir mused over

517-648: The Primary Chronicle , he founded the city of Belgorod in 991. In 992, he went on a campaign against the Croats, most likely the White Croats that lived on the border of modern Ukraine . This campaign was cut short by the attacks of the Pechenegs on and around Kiev . In his later years he lived in relative peace with his other neighbors: Bolesław I of Poland , Stephen I of Hungary , and Andrikh

SECTION 10

#1732802182028

564-710: The Russian Empire annexed it. That year the Russian authorities changed the name of several cities in Volhynia , including Zviahel , which became Novohrad-Volynskyi. Volodymyr-Volynskyi stayed within the Russian Partition until 1917. In the 19th century, as part of anti-Polish repressions, the Russians demolished the Dominican church and Capuchin monastery, and the former Jesuit and then Basilian church

611-534: The USC Shoah Foundation corroborated the view that the perpetrators were German and that the victims were primarily Jewish. Anthropological analysis of the remains led to the conclusion that three quarters of the victims were women and children. The 747 victims were reinterred in local city cemeteries. The oldest place of worship in the town is the Temple of Volodymyr, erected several kilometres from

658-660: The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Attacks by the UPA took place mainly in the suburbs. Poles were defended both by the Polish police established with the consent of the Germans and an illegal self-defense unit. In the city, Poles suffered from overpopulation, hunger and diseases. According to later research by Władysław Siemaszko and Ewa Siemaszko , a total of 111 Poles were killed in a dozen UPA attacks. The city

705-533: The history of Scandinavia , Vladimir is also known as Valdemar or the Old Norse form Valdamarr (see Waldemar ). Born in 958, Vladimir was the illegitimate and youngest son of Sviatoslav I of Kiev by his housekeeper Malusha . Malusha is described in the Norse sagas as a prophetess who lived to the age of 100 and was brought from her cave to the palace to predict the future. Malusha's brother Dobrynya

752-640: The Byzantine Empire, and they helped to put down the revolt. Returning to Kiev in triumph, Vladimir destroyed pagan monuments and established many churches, starting with a church dedicated to St. Basil , and the Church of the Tithes (989). In 988 and 991, he baptized Pecheneg princes Metiga and Kuchug , respectively. Vladimir then formed a great council out of his boyars and set his twelve sons over his subject principalities. According to

799-573: The Byzantine emperor Basil II. Both rebels briefly joined forces, but then Bardas Phocas proclaimed himself emperor on 14 September 987. Basil II turned to the Kievan Rus' for assistance, even though they were considered enemies at that time. Vladimir agreed, in exchange for a marital tie; he also agreed to accept Christianity as his religion and to Christianize his people. When the wedding arrangements were settled, Vladimir dispatched 6,000 troops to

846-750: The Czech (a shadowy figure mentioned in A Tale of the Bygone Years ). After Anna's death, he married again, likely to a granddaughter of Otto the Great . In 1014, his son Yaroslav the Wise stopped paying tribute. Vladimir decided to chastise the insolence of his son and began gathering troops against him. Vladimir fell ill, however, most likely of old age, and died at Berestove, near modern-day Kiev. The various parts of his dismembered body were distributed among his numerous sacred foundations and were venerated as relics . During his Christian reign, Vladimir lived

893-774: The Dominican monastery was converted to an administrative building. There also exists Volodymyr Historical Museum , an architectural monument of the 19th century. Volodymyr is twinned with: Official Web site of the Volodymyr-Vohlynsky historical museum Vladimir the Great This is an accepted version of this page Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych ( Old East Slavic : Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь , romanized:  Volodiměr Svętoslavič ; Christian name : Basil ; c.  958  – 15 July 1015), given

940-826: The Fair Sun , or the Red Sun ; Красно Солнышко in Russian). The Varangian period of Eastern Slavic history ceases with Vladimir, and the Christian period begins. The appropriation of Kievan Rus' as part of national history has also been a topic of contention in Ukrainophile vs. Russophile schools of historiography since the Soviet era . Today, he is regarded as a symbol in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. All branches of

987-684: The Mongol army gathered near the town before the First Mongol invasion of Poland . In the early 14th century, the Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus' , Theognostus , resided in the city for several years before moving to Moscow . In 1349, the Polish king, Casimir the Great , captured the city, and subsequently it became part of the Kingdom of Poland . The Polish king began building a castle, destroyed by Lithuanians after 1370, and established

SECTION 20

#1732802182028

1034-686: The city was occupied by Soviet forces on 19 September 1939. On 23 June 1941, at the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union , the city was occupied by Germany and attached to the Reichskommissariat Ukraine , and immediately the Jewish community of 11,554 began to be persecuted. Between 1–3 September 1942, 25,000 Jews from the local area were shot at Piatydni . On 13 November 1942, the Germans killed another 3,000 Jews from

1081-582: The city was given Magdeburg town rights in 1431. In 1491 and 1500, it was invaded by Tatars . From 1566 to 1795 it was part of the Volhynian Voivodeship . It was a royal city of Poland. Most of the city's landmarks were built at that time, including the Baroque church of St. Joachim and St. Anne, the Jesuit church, the Dominican monastery and the chapel of St. Josaphat. Włodzimierz was also

1128-501: The epithet "the Great" , was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox Church canonised him as Saint Vladimir . Vladimir's father was Sviatoslav I of the Rurik dynasty . After the death of his father in 972, Vladimir, who was then the prince of Novgorod , was forced to flee abroad after his brother Yaropolk murdered his other brother Oleg in 977 to become

1175-621: The former Roman Catholic Diocese of Włodzimierz (as Polish for Lodomeria alias Vladimir) See also [ edit ] Vladimir Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Włodzimierz . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Włodzimierz&oldid=1256461724 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1222-555: The hands of the Pechenegs in 972, a fratricidal war erupted in 977 between Yaropolk and his younger brother Oleg , ruler of the Drevlians ; Vladimir fled abroad and assembled a Varangian army to assist him in deposing Yaropolk, against whom he marched on his return the next year. On his way to Kiev he sent ambassadors to Rogvolod (Norse: Ragnvald), prince of Polotsk , to sue for the hand of his daughter Rogneda (Norse: Ragnhild). The high-born princess refused to affiance herself to

1269-688: The incident long after, and not least for political considerations. According to the early Slavic chronicle, the Tale of Bygone Years , which describes life in Kievan Rus' up to the year 1110, he sent his envoys throughout the world to assess first-hand the major religions of the time: Islam, Latin Christianity, Judaism, and Byzantine Christianity. They were most impressed with their visit to Constantinople, saying, "We knew not whether we were in Heaven or on Earth ... We only know that God dwells there among

1316-589: The modern town's centre and first mentioned in a chronicle ( letopis ) of 1044. The oldest existing church is the Dormition of the Mother of God built by Mstyslav Izyaslavovych in 1160. By the late 18th century it fell into disuse and finally collapsed in 1829, but was restored between 1896 and 1900. The third of the old Orthodox churches is the Eastern Orthodox Basil the Great 's cathedral, which

1363-685: The people, and their service is fairer than the ceremonies of other nations." The Primary Chronicle reports that in the year 986, missionaries from various peoples representing various religions arrived in Kiev, trying to convert Vladimir to their religion. In 987, after consultation with his boyars , Vladimir reportedly sent envoys to study the religions of the various neighboring peoples whose representatives had been urging him to embrace their respective faiths. Although in both stories Vladimir ultimately rejects all options except Eastern Christianity , he hesitates and does not convert. In 988, having taken

1410-546: The poor and introduced ecclesiastical courts. He lived mostly at peace with his neighbors, the incursions of the Pechenegs alone disturbing his tranquility. He introduced the Byzantine law code into his territories following his conversion but reformed some of its harsher elements; he notably abolished capital punishment , along with judicial torture and mutilation . The fate of all Vladimir's daughters, whose number

1457-473: The railway station was opened. Immediately after World War I , the area became disputed by the newly formed Second Polish Republic , Bolshevist Russia , and the Ukrainian People's Republic , with the Polish 17th Infantry Regiment capturing it overnight on 23 January 1919. In the interbellum , the city was a seat of a powiat within the Volhynian Voivodeship of Poland and an important garrison

Włodzimierz - Misplaced Pages Continue

1504-683: The seat of an Orthodox bishopric, as mentioned in the Primary Chronicle . In 1160, the building of the Sobor of Dormition of the Holy Mother of God was completed. By the 13th century, the city became part of Galicia–Volhynia as one of the most important trading towns in the region. After being conquered by Batu Khan in 1240, the city was under the rule of the Mongol Empire , together with other principalities in Rus'. In 1241,

1551-624: The sole ruler of Rus'. Vladimir assembled a Varangian army and returned to depose Yaropolk in 978. By 980, Vladimir had consolidated his realm to the Baltic Sea and solidified the frontiers against incursions of Bulgarians , Baltic tribes and Eastern nomads. Originally a follower of Slavic paganism , Vladimir converted to Christianity in 988, and Christianized the Kievan Rus . Several scholars refer to Vladimir as Volodimer , also spelled Volodimir , and his descendants as Volodimerovichi (sometimes in lieu of " Rurikids "). In

1598-461: The son of a bondswoman (and was betrothed to Yaropolk), so Vladimir attacked Polotsk, took Ragnhild by force, and put her parents to the sword. Polotsk was a key fortress on the way to Kiev, and capturing it along with Smolensk facilitated the taking of Kiev in 978, where he slew Yaropolk by treachery and was proclaimed knyaz of all Kievan Rus' . Vladimir continued to expand his territories beyond his father's extensive domain. In 981, he seized

1645-598: The teachings of the Bible through acts of charity. He would hand out food and drink to the less fortunate, and made an effort to go out to the people who could not reach him. His work was based on the impulse to help one's neighbors by sharing the burden of carrying their cross. He founded numerous churches, including the Desyatynna Tserkva (Church, or Cathedral, of the Tithes) (989), established schools, protected

1692-570: The town near Piatydni. During World War II, a German concentration camp was located near the city. About 140 Jews returned to the city after the war but most later emigrated. By 1999, only 30 remained. From September 1941, the Germans operated the Oflag XI-A prisoner-of-war camp in the town, which was reorganized as Stalag 365 in April 1942. In 1943, the city became a shelter for Poles escaping massacres carried out by Ukrainian nationalists of

1739-462: The town of Chersonesus in Crimea , he allegedly boldly negotiated for the hand of emperor Basil II 's sister, Anna . Never before had a Byzantine imperial princess, and one "born in the purple" , married a barbarian, as matrimonial offers of French kings and Holy Roman Emperors had been peremptorily rejected. In short, to marry the 27-year-old princess to a pagan Slav seemed impossible. Vladimir

1786-430: The various gods worshipped by his subjects. He built a pagan temple on a hill in Kiev dedicated to six gods: Perun —the god of thunder and war, a god favored by members of the prince's druzhina (military retinue); Slavic gods Stribog and Dazhd'bog ; Mokosh —a goddess representing Mother Nature "worshipped by Finnish tribes"; Khors and Simargl , "both of which had Iranian origins, were included, probably to appeal to

1833-457: Was Vladimir's tutor and most trusted advisor. Hagiographic tradition of dubious authenticity also connects his childhood with the name of his grandmother, Olga of Kiev , who was Christian and governed the capital during Sviatoslav's frequent military campaigns. Transferring his capital to Pereyaslavets , Sviatoslav designated Vladimir ruler of Novgorod the Great in 970, but gave Kiev to his legitimate son Yaropolk . After Sviatoslav's death at

1880-648: Was also founded by Vladimir the Great. St Volodymyr's Cathedral , one of the largest cathedrals in Kyiv, is dedicated to Vladimir the Great, as was originally the Kyiv University . The Imperial Russian Order of St. Vladimir and Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary in the United States are also named after him. The memory of Vladimir was also kept alive by innumerable Russian folk ballads and legends, which refer to him as Krasno Solnyshko (

1927-455: Was baptized at Chersonesos, however, taking the Christian name of Basil out of compliment to his imperial brother-in-law; the sacrament was followed by his wedding to Anna. Arab sources, both Muslim and Christian, present a different story of Vladimir's conversion. Yahya of Antioch , al-Rudhrawari , al-Makin , al-Dimashqi , and ibn al-Athir all give essentially the same account. In 987, Bardas Sclerus and Bardas Phocas revolted against

Włodzimierz - Misplaced Pages Continue

1974-620: Was converted into an Orthodox church. In the 18th and 19th centuries the town started to grow rapidly, mostly thanks to large numbers of Jews settling there as part of the Pale of Settlement . By the second half of the 19th century, they made up the majority of the population. According to the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland , in the late 19th century, the city had 8,336 inhabitants, 6,122 of them Jews. In 1908,

2021-431: Was erected in the 14th or 15th century, though local legends attribute its construction to Volodymyr the Great , who supposedly built it some time after 992. In 1497, Duke Alexander Jagiellon erected a Catholic church of Holy Trinity and a Dominican monastery. In 1554, another wooden Catholic church was founded by Princess Anna Zbaraska , which was later replaced by a new St. Joachim and Anna's church in 1836. In 1755,

2068-522: Was liberated by the Red Army on 20 July 1944 and annexed to the Ukrainian SSR . After the war, the vast majority of Polish residents was displaced to the post-war Polish territories, as the city was annexed from Poland by the Soviets. A Cold War air base was located north-east of the town at Zhovtnevy . Since 1991, the city has been part of Ukraine. A series of mass graves were discovered in 1997, with exhumations completed by 2013. Originally thought to be an example of NKVD mass murder , similar to

2115-403: Was located there. In 1926, the Volyn Artillery Reserve Cadet School ( Wołyńska Szkoła Podchorążych Rezerwy Artylerii ) was established in Włodzimierz. Before the outbreak of World War II , the city's population was predominantly Polish and Jewish , with a Ukrainian minority. Following the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union , and the start of World War II ,

2162-417: Was not in use between 1919 and 1939 when the city was again part of Poland. In 1944, the name Volodymyr-Volynskyi was restored. On 1 October 2021, the city council voted to drop the regional qualifier and change the name of the city to just Volodymyr . The decision had to be ratified by Ukraine's national parliament ( Verkhovna Rada ) to take effect. On 14 December 2021 parliament approved the name change (it

2209-430: Was supported by 348 people's deputies). The city of Vladimir in Russia opposed the name change, claiming that there can be only one city called Vladimir. Over the centuries its residents and rulers have used various names: The city is one of the oldest towns in Ukraine. It was originally a stronghold founded by Vladimir the Great (Volodymyr the Great). In 988, the city became the capital of Volodymyr Principality and

#27972