The sugar industry subsumes the production, processing and marketing of sugars (mostly sucrose and fructose ). Globally, about 80% of sugar is extracted from sugar cane , grown predominantly in the tropics , and 20% from sugar beet , grown mostly in temperate climate in North America or Europe.
72-565: Couva is a town in west-central Trinidad , south of Port of Spain and Chaguanas and north of San Fernando and Point Fortin . It is the capital and main urban centre of Couva–Tabaquite–Talparo , and the Greater Couva area includes the Point Lisas industrial estate and the port of Point Lisas. It is one of the fastest-growing towns in the country. Couva's southern boundary is at the village of California and Point Lisas, and to
144-491: A " Dougla " is a person of African and East Indian descent who may identify as being part of either group. There are multiple festivals on Trinidad, featuring the music of the Caribbean and the steelpan (which originated on Trinidad and is the country's national instrument); These festivals include the multi-national, pre-Lenten Carnivál , J'ouvert , and Panorama , the national steelpan competition. In addition to
216-502: A 50-metre swimming pool (to provide facilities for the hosting of and training for international competitions), a 50-metre warm-up pool, a 25-metre diving pool, and total permanent seating capacity of 700 seats. The National Cycle Track includes a 250-by-7-metre (820 ft × 23 ft) wood cycling track with embankment of 42 degrees to the International Cycle Union (UCI) standard Category 1, and 2,500 seats in
288-503: A 9-hole course in 1927 and was increased to an 18-hole course in 1929/1930, but by 1938, nine holes had been reclaimed by the sugarcane factory when crops were planted on the site and houses were built on it. The course is being used regularly for tournaments by other clubs and it also has its monthly medal games. The club house, called Seville Club, was formerly the residence of the manager of Brechin Castle. The National Cricket Centre (NCC)
360-629: A British multinational company, bought our Caroni Sugar Estates (Trinidad) Ltd making a conglomerate that included Waterloo on the western coast and Brechin Castle in Couva. By 1940, the landscape of its headquarters, Brechin Castle, was changed by the construction of the factory and the four cooling ponds at the back, as well as major company offices, the dispensary, Sevilla School, Sevilla Club, and residences for mainly expatriate senior staff. In 1960, Caroni bought out Usine Ste. Madeleine factory, which had grown considerably since its founding in 1870. In 1975,
432-485: A further 35,000 who were indirectly dependent on the industry. Consequently, just over 75,000 acres (30,000 ha) of land became available for other uses. Point Lisas is a petrochemical and heavy industrial estate clustered around a series of port facilities on Trinidad's sheltered western coastline. Construction of major plants in the estate began in the 1970s. Since then, the Point Lisas industrial estate has been
504-588: A general east–west orientation and sprawls the Caroni Central plains with a constant north-easterly wind. Couva benefits immensely from its unique location. The Sir Solomon Hochoy Highway ensures easy access to Port of Spain and San Fernando, in addition to the neighbouring towns of Chaguanas , Arima , and Point Fortin . Transportation, public-service utilities, shopping, recreation and entertainment, health care, businesses, schools, and tndustrial centres are readily accessible. The urban structure of Couva
576-596: A loan agreement with the Government of China, constructed a Children's Hospital and Multi-Training Centre for Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacology (using the UDeCOTT ), which will be a self-contained, centralised medical facility equipped with the most modern and high-end medical equipment. The facility will consist of 230 beds, and includes a burn-care unit, central pharmacy, children and adult casualty clinic, and helicopter rooftop access for emergencies. The completion date
648-410: A magnet for industrialisation, commercial, sports, health, education, aviation, and residential projects. The climate of Couva is tropical, more specifically tropical monsoon , with a short dry season February to April and a lengthy wet season May to January. Temperatures vary little between the wet and dry seasons. In 1937, two major developments occurred on the sugar lands of Central Trinidad. One
720-508: A major success story in Trinidad and Tobago's recent economic history, and the development of natural gas-based industry on the estate has been a major impetus for the transformation of Trinidad and Tobago into a gas-based economy. The location at Point Lisas was chosen due to the nature of the coastline and crucially the availability of large tracts of flat, undeveloped land next to the coast. This landholding belonged to Caroni Ltd, at that time
792-498: A private company owned by Tate and Lyle in London. The "estate" is now home to over 90 companies, e.g. YARA, Phoenix Park Gas Processors Ltd. (PPGPL), PLIPDECO, and Methanex. This includes the world's largest methanol plant, along with five additional plants, produces about 13% of global methanol output. National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago (NGC) was founded alongside this as an aggregator and distributor of feedstock provided by
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#1732782990490864-498: A saturation point in terms of job opportunities, as well as dilapidated rural areas. Though Indo-Trinidadians remain dominant numerically, the presence of the Afro-Trinidadians changed the character of Couva. Afro-Trinidadian neighbourhoods center on National Housing Authority housing projects, which were inaugurated by the government, and funded by oil revenues, to accommodate this new influx in population. To its credit,
936-449: A subsidized sugar sales with an EU-guaranteed minimum price . Large import tariffs were also used to protect the market. In 2004, the EU was spending €3.30 in subsidies to export €1 worth of sugar, and some sugar processors, like British Sugar , had a 25% profit margin . A 2004 Oxfam report called EU sugar subsidies "dumping" and said they harm the world's poor. A WTO ruling against
1008-509: A vow he had made before setting out on his third voyage. This has since been shortened to Trinidad . Indo-Trinidadians called the island चीनीदत्त ( Devanagari script ) , 𑂒𑂲𑂢𑂲𑂠𑂞𑂹𑂞 ( Kaithi script ) , چینی دت ( Perso-Arabic script ) , Chinidat or Chinidad in Trinidadian Hindustani which translated to the land of sugar. The usage of the term goes back to the 19th century when recruiters from India would call
1080-547: Is a subsidence basin formed between the Caribbean and South American plates , and is bounded on the north by the coast ranges of Venezuela and the Northern Range of Trinidad, and bounded on the south by the Guayana Shield . This Guayana shield supplied fine-grained clastic sediments , which with the subsidence, formed a regional negative gravity anomaly and growth faults . Oil and gas discoveries from
1152-602: Is also the home of athletics. Every year, various national tournaments and invitationals are held by various clubs and by the National Athletic Association. The capacity of the stadium is around 10,000 persons. Central FC plays its home games at the stadium. The Sevilla Sports Club, located south of Rivulet Road, includes two tennis courts, a swimming pool, a golf course, and snooker facilities. The Brechin Castle Golf Course started out as
1224-573: Is directly opposite the Couva Magistrates Courthouse on Church Street. The school rose to prominence during the 1970s and 1980s, and since then has earned several national scholarships, and most scholarships gained by a government-run secondary school, which is also among the best of the government secondary schools in the country. Today, the school remains prestigious within the Couva area. The Couva West Secondary School (the former Couva Junior Secondary School established in 1972)
1296-464: Is diversified, based to a large extent on oil and natural gas . It is one of the leading gas-based export centers in the world, being one of the top five exporters of liquefied natural gas and the largest onshore natural gas well was recently discovered in southern Trinidad. This has allowed Trinidad to capitalize on the biggest mineral reserves within its territories. It is an oil-rich country and stable economically. The Venezuela Tertiary Basin
1368-654: Is located in McBean Village. It is a training hub for professionals of the education sector, and is geared towards encouraging tertiary research in all aspects of education among the Ministry of Education's staff. Its services extend further into the community, though, drawing users from the teacher-training colleges, the University of the West Indies, and other institutions and libraries, as well as members of
1440-592: Is located on Balisier Street, Couva. The Preysal Secondary School is located on Couva Main Road, Preysal, Couva. The Exchange Presbyterian Primary School (at the corner of Bryce and La Croix Streets), has been consistently ranked highly in the national SEA examinations. The Exchange R.C. primary school is part of the compound of the St. Paul R.C. Church, and the Couva Anglican Primary is located further west on
1512-690: Is marked by a fault extending from the El Pilar Fault System in Venezuela. South of this fault is the Northern Basin, or Caroni Syncline , consisting of Tertiary sedimentary rocks unconformably overlying Jurassic and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. South of this basin is the Central Range, consisting of Upper Tertiary sedimentary rocks lying unconformably atop Lower Eocene and Paleocene rocks. South of this range
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#17327829904901584-557: Is part of the Aripo Massif and is located in the Northern Range on the island, northeast of the town of Arima . As of the 2011 Trinidad and Tobago Census, the population was 35.43% Indian , 34.22% African , 7.66% mixed African and East Indian, and 15.16% mixed race . Venezuela has also had a great impact on Trinidad's culture, such as introducing the music style parang to the island. Many groups overlap. For example,
1656-556: Is similar to that of most towns in central Trinidad, with a mix of residential and commercial activity within the town centre itself, i.e. along the Southern Main Road. Recently, though, people have begun buying land and starting their businesses outside of the town centre areas in the communities of Balmain, Exchange, Point Lisas, McBean, and Camden. Couva's major urban areas are downtown Couva, McBean Village (north of Couva town centre), Balmain including Central Park (east of
1728-587: Is the Naparima Plain , a thrust belt of Oligocene and Lower Tertiary beds. Hydrocarbon bearing anticlines include those associated with Pitch Lake , Forest Reserve, Point Fortin, Penal, Barrackpore, and Balata Fields. The Los Bajos Fault is a wrench fault , with Lower Pliocene displacement of 6.51 miles, bordered on the north by the Siparia syncline, and on the south by the Erin syncline. Finally,
1800-527: Is the administrative and commercial centre of the region and the Point Lisas Port and Industrial Estate falls within the greater Couva urban area. By 2011, Couva had the highest number (1789) of businesses in the region. With the closure of Caroni (1975) Limited and the resultant decline in sugarcane production, more lands in the greater Couva area will be under pressure for residential, commercial, and industrial expansion. The main economic sectors in
1872-399: Is used in the distillation of rum . Several countries subsidize sugar. Globally in 2018, around 185 million tons of sugar was produced, led by India with 35.9 million tons, followed by Brazil and Thailand . There are more than 123 sugar-producing countries, but only 30% of the produce is traded on the international market. Sugar subsidies have driven market costs for sugar well below
1944-524: The Caroni , Nariva and Oropouche Swamps, and the Caroni and Naparima Plains. Major river systems include the Caroni , North and South Oropouche and Ortoire Rivers . There are many other natural landforms such as beaches and waterfalls. Trinidad has two seasons per the calendar year: the rainy season and the dry season. El Cerro del Aripo , at 940 metres (3,084 ft), is the highest point in Trinidad. It
2016-532: The Pliocene Moruga Group include Teak (1968), Samaan (1971), Poui (1972) and Galeota. These fields are mainly faulted anticline traps producing from depths of 1.2 to 4.2 km (0.75 to 2.61 mi) subsea, with Teak possessing a hydrocarbon column almost 1 km (0.62 mi) thick. The Northern Range is an Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous range of metamorphic rocks striking east and dipping south. The range's southern boundary
2088-887: The Southern Range consists of anticlinal folds, including the Rock Dome-Herrera anticline and the Moruga-West Field. East of this Rock Dome are en echelon folds containing the Lizard Springs Field. South of these folds is another fold trend containing the Moruga-East, Guayaguayare, Beach, and Galeota Fields. South of the Morne Diablo-Quinam Erin Field westward is a strongly folded anticline associated with shale diapirism , which extends west southwestward to
2160-540: The Tabaquite Rio Claro Road, runs diagonally through the region. No strong road links the areas to the east of the region. The Couva/Preysal flyover was previously one of the most congested flyovers in the country, and the main access point to and from the highway, but has undergone an extensive upgrade (completed in March 2012) and significantly alleviated these problems. Rivulet Road which extends from
2232-618: The Temple in the Sea . The island of Trinidad has a rich biodiversity. The fauna is overwhelmingly of South American origin. There are about 100 species of mammals including the Guyanese red howler monkey, the collared peccary , the red brocket deer , the ocelot and about 70 species of bats . There are over 400 species of birds including the endemic Trinidad piping-guan . Reptiles are well represented, with about 92 recorded species including
Couva - Misplaced Pages Continue
2304-649: The continental shelf of South America. It is the southernmost island in the West Indies . With an area of 4,768 km (1,841 sq mi), it is also the fifth largest in the West Indies . The original name for the island in the Arawaks' language was Iëre which meant "Land of the Hummingbird". Christopher Columbus renamed it La Isla de la Trinidad ('The Island of the Trinity '), fulfilling
2376-528: The Camden (Field) Auxiliary Air Base was established as an emergency airstrip. It included one paved 3,000 ft (910 m) by 150 ft (46 m) runway with extensive taxiways and dispersed camouflaged parking bays for the USAAC, USN, and RN. It was defended by US Army infantry and AAA units. Couva continued to grow in size, with the national census recording a figure of 3,572 persons in 1980. Historically,
2448-525: The Camden base, as part of the University of Trinidad and Tobago. The institute is established through partnerships with Caribbean Airlines Limited, Metal Industries Limited, and National Helicopter Services Limited), and the Trinidad and Tobago Civil Aviation Authority and the Air Guard. A FedEX Boeing 727-200 airplane, which was donated to the institution, landed there using the Camden Airstrip on
2520-523: The Couva/Preysal flyover to the Point Lisas roundabout (and runs almost the entire south-west length of Couva) was extended to have a shoulder in 2015. This is expected to allow ease of traffic directly to the Point Lisas and the Couva town centre. Access is also possible by sea through existing industrial port facilities at Point Lisas, which handles roughly 45% of container cargo and 90% of break bulk cargo (goods that do not ship in containers) for
2592-619: The EU quota and subsidy system in 2005-2006 forced the EU to cut its minimum price and quotas, and stop doing intervention buying . The EU abolished some quotas in 2015, but minimum prices remain. Tariffs also persist for most countries. In 2009, the EU granted Least Developed Countries (LDCs) zero-tariff access to the EU market as part of the Everything but Arms initiative. As of 2018, India , Thailand , and Mexico also subsidize sugar. The top 10 sugar-producing companies based on production in 2010: The global sugar industry has
2664-590: The Heart and Hand Friendly Society Hall, and the church has had a continuous presence since November 1895. The University of Trinidad and Tobago (UTT) Point Lisas campus is located on Esperanza Road, Brechin Castle, Couva, about 35 km from the University of the West Indies (UWI) campus at Saint Augustine . With its genesis in the Trinidad and Tobago Institute of Technology (TTIT), UTT initially focused on programmes in engineering and technology. The construction of
2736-775: The Pedernales Field in southeast Venezuela. The northeast portion of the Southern Range separates into a northern trend containing the Lizard Springs, Navette, and Mayaro Fields, while the southern trend contains the Beach Field. Trinidad is considered one of the best places in the world to catch Atlantic tarpon . Sugar industry Sugar is used for soft drinks , sweetened beverages , convenience foods , fast food , candy , confectionery , baked products , and other sweetened foods. Sugarcane
2808-414: The Southern Main Road, has been constructed and delivered in excess of 1,000 homes. This development has attracted primarily Indo-Trinidadian of middle income or upper-middle income background into the Couva area. These new communities have profoundly changed the character of the town and significantly increased its overall population. The community is located east of Perseverance/Waterloo Main Road, west of
2880-842: The Southern Main Road, north of Southern Main Road/Carli Bay Road, and south of the Exchange Road, Couva. Also, substantial residential developments are in progress within the Couva region on former Caroni (1975) Ltd. lands. Consequently, the current services within Couva are under strain and are in state of transition or expansion to incorporate the new influx of residential activity. Couva consists of these main population centres: The electoral districts are Balmain/Calcutta No. 2, Brechin Castle/Esperanza, California/Point Lisa, Carli Bay/Calcutta No. 3/Mc Bean, Preysal/Freeport/Calcutta, and Perseverance/Waterloo. Couva
2952-603: The Southern Main Road. The most recent of primary schools, the Couva South Government primary school is on Lisas Blvd. The Sevilla Private Primary School in the Brechin Castle residential compound is also considered one of the most prestigious schools in the region. There are several other primary schools within the wider Couva area (Balmain & McBean Presbyterian, McBean Hindu, Orange Valley Government). The Rudranath Capildeo Learning Resource Centre
Couva - Misplaced Pages Continue
3024-562: The US domestic price of sugar 64% to 92% higher than the world market price, costing American consumers $ 3.7 billion per year. A 2018 policy proposal to eliminate sugar tariffs, called "Zero-for-Zero", is currently (March 2018) before the US Congress . Previous reform attempts have failed. The European Union (EU) is a leading sugar exporter. The Common Agricultural Policy of the EU used to set maximum quotas for production and exports, and
3096-402: The central rural area. Established in 1951, it remained small until the introduction of free education in the 1960s. However, the warm, loving family atmosphere of the small school was well grounded to adapt, not only to over 700 pupils, but also to a multidenominational student body today. The Couva East Secondary School (formerly known as Couva Government Secondary School) was built in 1963 and
3168-700: The centre will cover 52 acres (21 ha) and is an expansion of the National Science Centre in D'Abadie . The region is served by the Couva district health facility, the most heavily used of the South West Regional Health Authority's district facilities, with more than 162,000 people. The facility was to include an adjacent laboratory equipped to conduct laboratory tests, such as complete blood count, renal function, liver function, blood glucose level, and other diagnostic tests. The Trinidad and Tobago government, in
3240-540: The corner of the Southern Main Road and Rivulet Road. The Couva Recreation Ground and Balmain Cricket club ground are notable sporting areas in the town. W Connection , Wanderers C.C. and Clico Preysal Sports Club are notable cricket clubs in the Couva catchment area. The National Aquatic Centre and National Cycle Track were opened in 2015 in the vicinity of the Ato Boldon Stadium. The Aquatic Centre includes
3312-463: The cost of production. As of 2019, 3/4 of world sugar production is never traded on the open market. Brazil controls half the global market, paying the most ($ 2.5 billion per year) in subsidies to its sugar industry. The US sugar system is complex, using price supports , domestic marketing allotments , and tariff -rate quotas . It directly supports sugar processors rather than farmers growing sugar crops. The US government also uses tariffs to keep
3384-594: The country. The port also handles about 60% of local manufacturers' goods for export. Port Point Lisas is the second major port in Trinidad and covers a total area around 19 hectares. The national helicopter service is also based at Camden in Couva, and the town is served by the Piarco International Airport , which is located 23 km away from the town centre. Formerly a predominantly Indian locality, Couva became increasingly populated by Afro-Trinidadians, primarily from urban areas that had reached
3456-459: The culture of the community is more or less a sample of the national culture. Religious practices and rituals are mainly along the lines of the Christian ( Roman Catholic , Anglican , Presbyterian , Pentecostal / Evangelist , Seventh-day Adventist , Baptist ), Hindu , and Muslim faiths. The Seventh-day Adventist Church in Trinidad and Tobago had its genesis in the spot formerly occupied by
3528-598: The cycling track configuration. Young Trinidadian and West Indies cricket team player Nicholas Pooran was also born here. The Couva public swimming pool is located in Railway Station Road. The Aquatic Centre, Cycling Velodrome, Ato Boldon Stadium, and the NCC are expected to make Couva the main hub of sports in the country. An airstrip is located on the outskirts of the town called the Camden Base , which
3600-600: The first phase of the UTT aviation campus at Camden Base, Couva, began in 2014. The entire project comprises three phases, and the first phase was completed in 2015. Phase one includes construction of classrooms as flight-device training facilities, ancillary facilities, outfitting, and consultancy services. Holy Faith Convent Couva, located on the Couva Main Road in Exchange Lots, was the first secondary school in
3672-636: The general public. The NESC Skills and Technology Centre, Point Lisas, is the main campus of the NESC. The centre, at the corner of Rivulet and Southern Main Roads, Point Lisas, replaced NESC's centre at Brechin Castle, which was transferred to the University of Trinidad and Tobago. The construction of the NIHERST Science City in Indian Trail is planned for learning of science and technology.
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#17327829904903744-540: The island Chinidat as a way of luring workers into indentureship. On Tuesday, 31 July, 1498 Columbus sent a sailor to climb up to the main top and sighted a cluster of three peaks, therefore Columbus named the island Trinidad from the three peaks and Columbus's special devotion to the Trinity. Caribs and Arawaks lived in Trinidad long before Christopher Columbus encountered the islands on his third voyage on 31 July 1498. The island remained Spanish until 1797, but it
3816-517: The island was surrendered by Spain , suggested the existence of a river in the area now known as Couva called "Rio de Cuba". Over time, perhaps due to the Spanish "B" having a sound similar to that of the letter "V" in English, the river became known as "Rio de Couva", which was eventually translated as "Couva River". British settlement of what is now referred to as Couva began a little to the north of
3888-471: The largest species of snake in the world, the green anaconda , the spectacled caiman , and one of the largest lizards in the Americas, the green iguana . Trinidad is also the largest leatherback turtle nesting site in the western hemisphere; they nest on Trinidad's eastern and northern beaches. There are 37 recorded frog species, including the tiny El Tucuche golden tree frog , Trinidad poison frog , and
3960-424: The majority of its people have worked on the nearby sugar estates, but due to its strategic location, many residents have found employment with the oil refinery at Pointe-a-Pierre , only 13 km (8 mi) away and at the Point Lisas industrial estate located west of the town centre . Couva was profoundly affected by the closure of Caroni (1975) Ltd. in the early 2000s, particularly its residents who worked on
4032-419: The more widespread huge cane toad . About 43 species of freshwater fish are known from Trinidad, including the well known guppy . It is estimated that there are at least 80,000 arthropods, and at least 600 species of butterflies . The William Beebe Tropical Research Station (founded by William Beebe ), also known as Simla, lies 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Arima . The economy of Trinidad and Tobago
4104-466: The mouth of this river. For many years, the village was little more than a clearing in a sugarcane field. Its population was mainly indentured workers of Indian origin with a smaller number of former African slaves and numbered no more than a few hundred. This all changed with the arrival of the railway to Couva in 1880. By 1921, it had grown to a population of 2,667, but in the decade leading up to 1931, this number fell to 1,895. During World War II ,
4176-444: The nearby sugarcane estates and the associated small and medium enterprises that supported this industry. Since this period, the town has recovered through use of the now-open sugar lands for new housing and business initiatives. Consequently, while the nearby town of Chaguanas has evolved and expanded significantly to become the de facto administrative and commercial capital of central Trinidad, Couva's character has changed to become
4248-700: The north Couva stretches to McBean (both on the Trinidad Southern Main Road). To the east of Couva is Preysal. To the west of Couva is the road to Waterloo and Carli Bay, which are located on the Gulf of Paria . Couva was part of the Caroni County . Couva is considered a major power base for the United National Congress , whose headquarters was previously located here. The first British map of Trinidad, made in 1797 after
4320-583: The opening day of the campus. Electricity generation is handled by Powergen and Trinity Power Ltd. at the Point Lisas Industrial Estate, while electrical distribution is handled by the Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission . Trinidad Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the two major islands of Trinidad and Tobago . The island lies 11 km (6.8 mi) off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on
4392-516: The region are: The Couva-Pt. Lisas Chamber of Commerce headquarters is within Couva located on Camden Road, and its new building was commissioned 2012. The town is served by all the major banks in Trinidad, e.g. Scotiabank (SCB), First Citizens Bank (FCB), Royal Bank of Canada (RBC), Republic Bank , and also the Unit Trust Corporation (UTC). Inclusive of these banks, there are numerous credit unions currently existing in Couva, e.g. TECU, Venture Credit Union etc. In addition, six beaches are in
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#17327829904904464-412: The region, where significant amounts and value of fish are landed. These beaches are Brickfield, Claxton Bay, Carli Bay, Orange Valley, St. Margaret Bay, and Waterloo. The primary means of access to the region from areas in north and south Trinidad are the Sir Solomon Hochoy Highway and the Southern Main Road. Also, a route between Chaguanas and Rio Claro , in the form of the Caparo Valley Brasso Road and
4536-428: The state bought the conglomerate, calling it Caroni (1975) Ltd, which continued producing sugar, but went into diversification, producing citrus, prawns, large and small ruminants, and rice. By the end of the 20th century, as oil became increasingly significant, the sugar industry and agriculture generally sank into a low second place until the state closed down Caroni Ltd in 2003, retrenching 9,000 workers directly and
4608-448: The town centre), Isaac Settlement (south of the Southern Main Road), Lisas Gardens construction by the government (bounded between the Southern Main Road and Rivulet Road), Exchange Lots (north of Southern Main Road and in the centre of the town), California, Camden, and Couva North Gardens and Roystonia (north of Southern Main Road and occupies the former Exchange Estate area). Phases 1–3 of the Couva North Housing Project (in Perseverance)
4680-565: The traditional Christian holidays and official public days (such as Boxing Day , Christmas , Easter Sunday, Easter Monday , Emancipation Day , Good Friday , Independence Day , Labour Day , New Year's Day , and Republic Day ) in Trinidad, the island nation also celebrates a significant percentage of its population's Indian ancestry (of both Hindu and Muslim backgrounds), with officially-recognised holidays such as Divali , Eid al-Fitr and Indian Arrival Day . Sites of cultural or religious significance include Mount Saint Benedict and
4752-408: The upstream. The idea behind NGC was to consolidate supply and provide guaranteed distribution to the various consumers at the end of its pipeline network. The elimination of large contracts between upstream and downstream created an efficient system of gas flow on which the estate was fed. Couva is about 15 km from San Fernando, 10 km from Chaguanas, and 30 km from Port of Spain. It has
4824-405: Was 2015, but since the change of government, the facility has not been opened as of 3 October 2018. The Ato Boldon Stadium , located in Couva, Trinidad and Tobago, is named after eight-time Olympic and World Championship medal winner and 1997 200 m world champion Ato Boldon . The stadium was constructed in 2001. The National Men's Team and Women's Team use the stadium as their training centre. ABS
4896-414: Was built by the Trinidad and Tobago Housing Development Corporation (HDC), and like Lisas Gardens, is primarily Afro-Trinidadian . The HDC entered into a joint-venture arrangement with the private sector to design, finance, and construct Phases 4–6 of the Couva North Housing Project, also known as Roystonia. Under this arrangement, the development of over 170 ha (420 acres) of land, from Perseverance to
4968-401: Was opened by the Trinidad and Tobago Cricket Board (TTCBC) in 2002 on 17.5 acres (7.1 ha) of land at Balmain, Couva from Caroni (1975) Ltd. (construction started in 1997). The Trinidad and Tobago Cricket Board plans to rehabilitate, refurbish and develop the Balmain Cricket Centre to allow for playing cricket at the regional first-class level . The Gilbert Park cricket ground is located on
5040-406: Was originally built by the US military during World War II. It handles helicopters and light aircraft, and has a 4,000 ft (1,200 m) by 50 ft (15 m) paved runway. It is the main operating base of both National Helicopter Services Limited and Briko Air Services. The Trinidad and Tobago government constructed phase 1 of the Aviation Institute of Trinidad and Tobago in the vicinity of
5112-419: Was settled mostly by French colonists from the French Caribbean , especially Martinique . In 1889 the two islands became a single British crown colony . Trinidad and Tobago was granted self-governance in 1958 and independence from the United Kingdom in August 1962, and it became a republic in September 1976. Major landforms include the hills of the Northern , Central and Southern Ranges (Dinah ranges),
5184-520: Was the formation of the All Trinidad Sugar Estates Factory Workers Trade Union, which for the first time gave representation to many thousands of sugar workers who had revolted in 1935, 1936, and 1937 against slave conditions on the sugar estates. Under the leadership of Adrian Cola Rienzi, they transformed the nature of the industry. At the same time, Caroni (1937) was created when Tate and Lyle,
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