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103-579: 36°58′N 127°02′E  /  36.967°N 127.033°E  / 36.967; 127.033 Camp Humphreys ( Korean : 캠프 험프리스 ), also known as United States Army Garrison-Humphreys ( USAG-H ), is a United States Army garrison located near Anjeong-ri and Pyeongtaek metropolitan areas in South Korea . Camp Humphreys is home to Desiderio Army Airfield, the busiest U.S. Army airfield in Asia, with an 8,124-foot (2,476 m) runway. In addition to

206-599: A 2004 land-swap pact, the U.S. promised to gradually return a combined 170 square kilometers of land housing 42 military bases and related facilities to South Korea and move U.S. military forces from garrisons in and north of Seoul to Camp Humphreys. With the creation of the Installation Management Command on 24 October 2006, U.S. Army Support Activity Area III was redesignated as U.S. Army Garrison Humphreys and Area III on 15 March 2007. On 13 November 2007, USFK and South Korean officials conducted

309-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with

412-472: A basin surrounded by low mountains: Palgongsan to the north, Biseulsan to the south, Waryongsan to the west, and a series of smaller hills in the east. The Geumho River flows along the northern and eastern edges of the city, emptying in the Nakdong River west of the city. The majority of Daegu lies in a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cwa ). In Holdridge climate classification , Daegu has

515-873: A branch of the Independence Club was established in the town. As the demise of the Korean Empire approached in 1907, local citizens led by Seo Sang-don organized the National Debt Repayment Movement . The movement spread nationwide, collecting many individual donations toward repaying the national debt. Rebellions continued after the 1910 annexation to Japan, notably during the March First Movement of 1919. At that time, four major demonstrations took place in Daegu, involving an estimated 23,000 citizens. In 1946,

618-480: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this

721-792: A groundbreaking ceremony for the expansion of Camp Humphreys. Under that plan, the 28,500 U.S. troops in South Korea would be consolidated into two regional hubs in Pyeongtaek and Daegu by 2016. In 2010, the U.S. Army announced that a tour normalization policy would gradually be introduced. Single soldiers would typically serve two-year tours, and troops who brought families would stay for three years. Previously most troops served one-year unaccompanied tours in Korea. Additional infrastructure to accommodate more families would be built. On 2 September 2011, U.S. and South Korean officials participated in

824-467: A joint groundbreaking ceremony to mark the beginning of construction for an elementary school to accommodate 850 students and a high school to accommodate 950 students on Camp Humphreys. On 26 August 2013, Camp Humphreys opened a new elementary school. The new elementary school will hold kindergarten through fifth-grade classes for a total enrollment capacity of 875 students. As of 2017 the U.S. Army called Humphreys "the largest power projection platform in

927-537: A large Silla village dating to the sixth to seventh centuries AD at Siji-dong. During the Later Three Kingdoms period , 892–936, Daegu was initially aligned with Later Baekje . In 927, northern Daegu was the site of the Battle of Gong Mountain between the forces of Goryeo under Wang Kŏn and those of Later Baekje under Kyŏn Hwŏn . In this battle, the forces of Goryeo were crushed and Wang Kŏn himself

1030-545: A later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of the Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations ,

1133-549: A modern transportation center of the newly constructed Gyeongbu Line main railroad connecting Seoul and Busan. In 1905, the old fortress wall was destroyed. As a tribute to the wall, streets that now run where the wall once stood have been named Bukseongno , Namseongno, Dongseongno and Seoseongno, which translates as "north fortress street", "south fortress street", "east fortress street" and "west fortress street" respectively. Independence movements against imperial aggression flourished in Daegu, beginning as early as 1898, when

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1236-455: A new Camp Humphreys for a central elementary and high school. In 2013, construction completed the new schools and adjacent athletic fields accommodate 1,700 students. Humphreys Central Elementary School can accommodate 850 students with the high school accommodating 950. The elementary school serves kindergarten through fifth-grade classes, the middle school serves 6th and 7th grades and the high school cover 8th through 12th grades. Camp Humphreys

1339-567: A nuclear capability, capable of reaching Camp Humphreys. The town of Anjeong-ri is located adjacent to the Camp Humphreys main gate. Smaller farming villages are located along the perimeter. The installation covered an area of 1,210 acres (490 ha), but as part of the Yongsan Relocation Plan that number has grow by 2,328 acres (942 ha) to 3,538 acres (1,432 ha). The immediate area around Camp Humphreys

1442-475: A number of department stores. Many of these belong to national or multinational chains, but the local Daegu Department Store also operates two branches, while another local chain, Donga Department Store operates four in the city proper. The six department stores among them gather at the downtown. The traditional markets such as Seomun Market and Chilseong Market sell all sorts of goods. Many traditional ceremonies and festivals in agrarian society disappeared in

1545-574: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding

1648-523: A series of large protests against the South Korean and American governments' plan to expand Camp Humphreys to make it the main base for most U.S. troops in South Korea. It concluded when residents of Daechuri and other small villages near Pyeongtaek agreed to a government settlement according to which they would leave their homes in 2006 and allow the base expansion. Compensation for the land averaged 600 million won (about US$ 600,000) per resident. Under

1751-677: A total population of over 5 million. Daegu is located in south-eastern Korea about 80 km (50 mi) from the coast, near the Geumho River and its mainstream, Nakdong River in Gyeongsang Province . The Daegu basin is the central plain of the Yeongnam region . In ancient times, the Daegu area was part of the proto-kingdom Jinhan . Subsequently, Daegu came under the control of the Silla Kingdom , which unified

1854-423: A warm temperate moist forest climate. The mountains that comprise the basin trap hot and humid air. Similarly, in winter, cold air lies in the basin. The area receives little precipitation except during the rainy season of summer and is sunny throughout much of the year. Data gathered since 1961 indicates that the mean temperature for January, the coldest month in Daegu, is 0.6 °C (33 °F) and that for August,

1957-643: Is 40 miles (64 km) south of the former base in Seoul and about 60 miles (97 km) from the Demilitarized Zone that divides North and South Korea. That puts the base about twice as far from North Korea as its predecessor, one of the main reasons for the move. While the new location moves the bulk of U.S. troops out of the range of North Korean artillery, the North Korean military has developed large caliber rockets and ballistic missiles, as well as

2060-596: Is a civilian agency of the United States Department of Defense that manages all schools for military children and teenagers, as well as foreign service children and teenagers, in the United States and also overseas at American military bases worldwide. DoDEA currently manages four schools on Camp Humphreys. They include Humphreys Central and West Elementary Schools, Humphreys Middle School and Humphreys High School. In 2011, construction began on

2163-543: Is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since the end of World War II and the Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from

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2266-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to

2369-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean

2472-472: Is current Daegu, Busan , Ulsan , North Gyeongsang Province , and South Gyeongsang Province . At about that time, the city began to grow into a major city. The status continued for nearly 300 years, and the city has been transformed as the capital of Gyeongsangbuk-do since Gyeongsang-do was divided into two provinces, Gyeongsangbuk-do (northern Gyeongsang-province) and Gyeongsangnam-do (southern one) in 1896. Daegu's first regular markets were established during

2575-688: Is home to a 72,000 square foot concession mall, with laundry and dry cleaning services, an optical shop, domestic wireless and internet service providers, barber shop, florist, embroidery, giftware vendors and more. As of February 2020, the Main Exchange food court offers Popeyes Chicken, Taco Bell, Arby's, Burger King, Pizza Hut, Manchu Wok, Charleys Philly Steaks, Starbucks, Smoothie King, Auntie Anne's and Baskin Robbins. Pizza Hut and Popeyes also offer daily delivery service. There are also three shoppettes on Camp Humphreys. The Zoeckler Station shoppette

2678-486: Is located near the main gate by the Katusa snack bar and Pizza Hut. Pizza Hut offers delivery service daily for on-post residents. Also located near this facility, across from the walk-thru gate, is laundry/dry cleaning service and a barber shop. The 3rd MI shoppette is located in the same building as Charley's Steakery, which serves a selection of sub sandwiches. The post movie theater seats more than 550 customers and offers

2781-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be

2884-459: Is mostly agricultural and consists mainly of rice fields. There are some rolling hills in the vicinity, but for the most part the elevations are less than 150 feet (46 m). There is a small mountain range about seven miles south of Camp Humphreys, with peaks reaching 958 feet in elevation. Larger mountains are located to the northeast, east, and southwest, all within 20 miles (32 km) with peaks reaching to 2,293 feet (699 m) in elevation to

2987-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with

3090-544: Is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as a minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by

3193-529: Is the tallest contemporary structure (202 m) and a symbol of the city. Its observatory commands good views of the surroundings. Woobang Land is the largest amusement park out of the capital area. Many small gardens lie in the heart of the city, such as the National Debt Repayment Movement Memorial Park (Gukchae Bosang Park) and 2·28 Park. The former park includes Dalgubeol-daejong ( 달구벌대종 ; 達句伐大鐘 ), which means

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3296-456: Is the third-largest metropolitan area in Korea with respect to both population and commerce. Since 1990, Daegu has suffered two of South Korea's worst mass casualty disasters: the 1995 Daegu gas explosions , which killed 101 people, and the 2003 Daegu subway fire , which killed 192 people. In February 2020, Daegu was the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea . In July 2023,

3399-747: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on

3502-521: The Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has a few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form the compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which

3605-527: The yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as the 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By

3708-668: The Tripitaka Koreana (a woodblock edition of the Tripitaka and one of the world's oldest extant complete collections of the Buddhist scriptures). Haeinsa is located in Gayasan National Park of Hapcheon , South Gyeongsang Province . The historic city of Gyeongju , North Gyeongsang Province , the capital of the ancient kingdom of Silla is located east of Daegu. Mt. Palgong, Mt. Biseul, and Mt. Ap are

3811-593: The Daegu Fashion Fair and Preview in Daegu annually or semi-annually, and invites national institutes. A large new town specializing in the textile-fashion industries is currently under construction in Bongmu-dong, northeastern Daegu. The district, officially named Esiapolis, takes aim at the fashion hub of East Asia. Textile complexes, textile-fashion institutions, an international school, fashion malls as well as residential areas plan to be developed in

3914-555: The Daegu October Incident took place, one of the most serious social disorders since the foundation of the Republic of Korea. On October 1, Korean national police killed three student demonstrators and injured many others. It was also the site of major demonstrations on February 28, 1960, prior to the presidential election of that year. Daegu and all of North Gyeongsang province had heavy guerrilla activities in

4017-794: The Gunwi County of North Gyeongsang Province was integrated into Daegu. Two local governments are in the city, the Daegu Metropolitan Government in Jung District and Gyeongbuk Provincial Government in Buk District . The provincial government will be relocated to Andong in its proper province, Gyeongbuk. As a result, the provincial government office was relocated to Andong in January 2023. The mayor and heads of city's eight districts are directly elected by

4120-458: The Korean Peninsula . During the Joseon period, the city was the capital of Gyeongsang Province , one of the traditional eight provinces of the country. Daegu was an economic motor of Korea during the 1960s–1980s period. The humid subtropical climate of Daegu is ideal for producing high-quality apples, thus the nickname, "Apple City". Daegu is also known as "Textile City". Textiles used to be

4223-589: The Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that the proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and

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4326-589: The Pusan Perimeter , however, so it remained in South Korean hands throughout the war. The fighting that prevented North Korean troops from crossing the Nakdong River has become known as the Battle of Taegu . In the second half of the 20th century, the city underwent explosive growth, and the population has increased more than tenfold since the end of the Korean War. The city was politically favored during

4429-568: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,

4532-829: The 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea

4635-523: The 18-year-long rule of Park Chung Hee , when it and the surrounding area served as his political base. Daegu champions conservative political ideas and movements today and is a political base for the People Power Party . In the 1980s, Daegu separated from Gyeongsangbuk-do and became a separately administered provincial-level directly governed city ( Jikhalsi ), and was redesignated as a metropolitan city ( Gwangyeoksi ) in 1995. Today, Daegu

4738-408: The 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from the basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only a spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language )

4841-551: The 23rd Direct Support Group) was activated as a separate installation command of the Eighth U.S. Army , providing all direct support, supply and maintenance, storage of all conventional ammunition in Korea, Adjutant General publications and training aides and the Eighth U.S. Army Milk Plant. In 1974, with the activation of the 19th Support Brigade, Camp Humphreys was redesignated as U.S. Army Garrison, Camp Humphreys. USAG-Camp Humphreys

4944-547: The 23rd Support Group and 19th Theater Army Area Command. On 17 June 1996, the United States Army Support Activity Area III (USASA Area III) was established and made responsible for the peacetime support mission for Camp Humphreys, Camp Long, Camp Eagle and U.S. Army units assigned to Suwon Airbase. Camps Eagle and Long closed on 4 June 2010, consolidating installation support activities at Camp Humphreys. The Daechuri Protests were

5047-602: The Asan Bay, near Koon-ni Range. The numerous areas of water around Camp Humphreys has an effect on the weather. The abundant moisture is responsible for most of the fog and stratus which occurs in the area. This is especially true from the spring through fall. The history of Camp Humphreys dates back to 1919, when the Japanese military built the Pyeongtaek Airfield. During the Korean War , Pyeongtaek Airfield

5150-684: The Dalgubeol grand bell. The bell is struck every week and year. There is also a botanical garden with a variety of plants and flowers. Dongseongno ( 동성로 ; 東城路 ) is the downtown of Daegu lying from the Daegu Station to Jung-ang pachulso (central police station) near the Banwoldang subway station in the center of the city Jung-gu . It has the Jung-angno subway station as the nearest station from its heart. Like its name meaning

5253-530: The Greater Daegu area have revealed a large number of settlements and burials of the prehistoric Mumun pottery period (around 1500–300 BC). In fact, some of the earliest evidence of Mumun settlement in Gyeongsangdo have been excavated from Siji-dong and Seobyeon-dong. Dongcheon-dong is one of the substantial Mumun agricultural villages that have been excavated. The Dongcheon-dong site dates back to

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5356-754: The Greater Seoul area. Sub-downtowns in the city have its own commercial powers and colors. The area around the Seongseo Industrial Complex subway station in Dalseo District is a concentration of many amusement spots, and young people easily can be seen around Kyungpook National University in Buk-gu . Deuran-gil (means the street inside the field) in Suseong District is known for many restaurants. The city has

5459-607: The Han River and relocate the United States Forces Korea and United Nations Command Headquarters to Camp Humphreys. Those movements were completed in 2018, and transformed Camp Humphreys into the largest U.S. Army garrison in Asia. Under that plan, the 28,500 U.S. troop presence in South Korea was consolidated and United States Forces Korea moved from Yongsan Garrison in Seoul to Camp Humphreys. Camp Humphreys

5562-565: The Middle Mumun (around 850–550 BC) and contains the remains of many prehistoric pit-houses and agricultural fields. Megalithic burials (dolmens) have also been found in large numbers in Daegu. Ancient historical texts indicate that during the Proto–Three Kingdoms ( Mahan , Jinhan , and Byeonhan ) period, Daegu was the site of a chiefdom or walled-town polity known from that time, according to historical records, as Dalgubeol . It

5665-586: The Pacific". With the final stage of base expansion completed around 2020, Humphreys had tripled in size to nearly 3,500 acres, making it the largest U.S. overseas military base. To accommodate more families, up to twelve 12-story housing towers were built. The population of Humphreys is expected to exceed 45,000. Up to 93% of the $ 10.7 billion expansion cost was paid by South Korea under a 2014 Special Measures Agreement. The following are based at Camp Humphreys: The Department of Defense Education Activity ( DoDEA )

5768-793: The Pyongtaek area. Patients must be enrolled in the clinic via TRICARE and assigned a primary care provider prior to scheduling appointments. In September 2019, the Brian D. Allgood Army Community Hospital (BAACH) completed its relocation from Yongsan. This brings the full capabilities of an Army hospital to Camp Humphreys. Major services include general medical and surgical care, adult and pediatric primary care clinics, specialty clinics, clinical services, wellness and prevention services The Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) operates: Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ )

5871-409: The Republic of Korea thus far: Park Chung Hee , Chun Doo-hwan , Roh Tae-woo and Park Geun-hye . Park Chung Hee and Chun Doo-hwan were born in other cities but they moved to Daegu and spent childhood in Daegu. As the capital of the Korean conservatives, the city has wielded strong political influence in elections . Daegu is divided into 7 districts ( Gu ) and 2 counties ( Gun ) Daegu sits in

5974-565: The airfield, there are several U.S. Army direct support, transportation, and tactical units located there, including the Combat Aviation Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division . The garrison has an area of 3,454 acres (1,398 ha) and cost US$ 11 billion. Camp Humphreys is the largest U.S. overseas military base, housing some 500 buildings and amenities. In 2004, an agreement was reached between the United States and South Korean governments to move all U.S. forces to garrisons south of

6077-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,

6180-501: The borderline between a humid continental climate ( Dwa ) and a humid subtropical climate ( Cwa ), and has colder winters than other areas of Daegu. Daegu is a manufacturing industry city. The major industries are textiles , metals and machinery . In 2021, Daegu had a regional GDP of $ 44,144 million. Many companies such as Daegu Bank , Korea Delphi , Hwasung corp. , and TaeguTec are situated in this city, and Samsung and Kolon were founded here. Numerous factories are located in

6283-575: The capital from Gyeongju to Daegu, but was unable to do so. This initiative is known only through a single line in the Samguk sagi , a most valued historical record of ancient Korea by Koryeo dynasty historian Kim Bu-sik , but it is presumed to indicate both an attempt by the Silla king to reinforce royal authority and the entrenched resistance of the Gyeongju political elites that was the likely cause of

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6386-401: The citizens every four years. The city council has 29 members which consist of 26 from the same number of electoral districts and three proportional representations. They are also directly elected every four years. Most of them are the members of the People Power Party , the main conservative political party in South Korea. Daegu is a stronghold for the party and has produced four Presidents of

6489-420: The city. The most well-known sight of the city is the stone Buddha called Gatbawi on the top of Gwanbong, Palgongsan . It is famous for its stone gat (Korean traditional hat). People from all over the country visit the place, because they believe that the Buddha will grant one's single desire. Administratively, the site itself is located in the neighboring city, Gyeongsan , North Gyeongsang Province . On

6592-413: The commercial center of the southern part of the Korean Peninsula with Seoul in the center and Pyongyang in the north (currently North Korea), because of its advantageous location. Some of the large, traditional markets like Seomun Market are still flourishing in the city. Additionally, Daegu was considered the third major economic city in Korea, after Seoul and Busan. However, due to the decline of

6695-535: The direction of the Donghwasa Temple and Sutaegol Valley. In the urban area, several small mountains and hills play the same role. Dalseong Park, which sits inside a 1,500-year-old earth fortress, is a historic place of the city. It contains the city's only zoo and some monuments as well as the wall. Duryu Park or Duryusan is a large forest in the middle of the urban area. It has Daegu Tower , Woobang Land , Kolon Bandstand, Duryu Stadium, and many sports facilities. Daegu Tower, also called Woobang Tower or Duryu Tower,

6798-427: The district. Generally, Daegu is known as a conservative city. As well as being the largest inland city in the country beside Seoul it has become one of the major metropolitan areas in the nation. Traditionally, Buddhism has been strong; today there are still many temples. Confucianism is also popular in Daegu, with a large academy based in the city. Neon cross-topped spires of Christian churches can also be seen in

6901-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in

7004-411: The first gateway in Yeongnam ), has been restored in Mangudang Park . Western style modern architecture like Gyesan Cathedral and the old building of Jeil Church are preserved across the urban area. Gyesan Cathedral is the third oldest gothic church building in Korea and the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Daegu which is one of three archdioceses in South Korea . Several buildings, in

7107-427: The first place where Wang Geon dared to stop after escaping the battle, and " Banwol ", or half-moon, where he is said to have stopped and admired the moon before returning to Goryeo. A statue commemorating the battle now stands in northern Daegu, as does a memorial to Sin Sung-gyŏm. In the Goryeo period, the first edition of the Tripitaka Koreana was stored in Daegu, at the temple of Buinsa. However, this edition

7210-431: The heat. Summers in Daegu are some of the hottest in the Korean peninsula. In 2023, on July 31 and August 3, median strips could not overcome the heat and melted in different parts of the same district in Daegu . The climate of Gunwi County , which is the northern area of Daegu and was incorporated into Daegu from North Gyeongsang Province in July 2023, is quite different from most parts of Daegu. Gunwi straddles

7313-426: The industrial complexes situated in the west and north sides of the city including the Seongseo Industrial Complex, West Daegu Industrial Complex and the Daegu Dyeing Industrial Complex. The city is the economic and industrial core of the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region, one of the major industrial areas in Korea. It accounted for as much as 94 percent of Korea's trade surplus in 2006. The electronics industries in Gumi and

7416-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains

7519-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it

7622-464: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or

7725-472: The language originates deeply influences the language, leading to a system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until

7828-455: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to

7931-585: The late 1940s, as thousands of refugees shied away from the fighting in Jeolla province and sought shelters in Daegu. In November 1948, a unit in Daegu joined the mutiny which had begun in Yeosu the previous month. As in many other areas during the Korean War, political killings of dissenters were widespread. During the Korean War , heavy fighting occurred nearby along the Nakdong River . Daegu sat inside

8034-468: The late Joseon period. The most famous of these is the Yangnyeongsi herbal medicine market. This became a center of herbal trade in Joseon, and even attracted buyers from neighboring countries. Traders from Japan, who were not permitted to leave the Nakdong River valley, hired messengers to visit the market on their behalf. Seomun Market , which stood at the city's west gate at that time, was one of

8137-743: The latest movies in digital sound. The theater was recognized in 2011 as the "Best in the Army." A 24-hour laundromat is located adjacent to the walk-thru gate to Camp Humphreys. Korea is a ration control assignment. Upon arrival, military personnel, family members and civilian employees need to get a ration control card from their local Pass and ID Office prior to shopping in an AAFES facility. Department of Defense identification cards and ration control cards are always necessary to make purchases at all AAFES facilities in South Korea. The Camp Humphreys Army Health Clinic provides outpatient primary care services to active duty service members and their families living in

8240-421: The local government has begun focusing on working towards economic revival and concentrating on improving the city's fashion industry. Beginning in the late 1990s, Daegu has been actively making efforts to promote its fashion industry based on its textile and clothing manufacturing industries under the 'Daegu: Fashion City'. The city opens many exhibitions related to the fashion and textile industries including

8343-495: The move's failure. The city was given its current name in 757. In the late 1990s, archaeologists excavated a large-scale fortified Silla site in Dongcheon-dong, Buk-gu. The site at Locality 2 consists of the remains of 39 raised-floor buildings enclosed by a formidable ditch-and-palisade system. The excavators hypothesize that the fortified site was a permanent military encampment or barracks. Archaeologists also uncovered

8446-481: The outskirts of the city, mountains keep many traditional temples such as Donghwasa , Pagyesa , and Buinsa . Donghwasa is a Buddhist temple that was built by Priest Geukdal-hwasang in 493, and many artifacts of the period are found around the temple. The International Tourist Zen Meditation Center is Korea's only Zen-themed center. Some lecture halls or memorial halls such as Dodong-seowon ( 도동서원 ; 道東書院 ) and Nokdong-seowon ( 녹동서원 ; 鹿洞書院 ) are also located in

8549-554: The pillar industry of the city. With the establishment of the Daegu-Gyeongbuk Free Economic Zone , Daegu currently focuses on fostering fashion and high-tech industries. Daegu was the host city of the 22nd World Energy Congress , the 2011 World Championships in Athletics and the 2003 Summer Universiade . It also hosted four matches in the 2002 FIFA World Cup . Archaeological investigations in

8652-463: The population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by

8755-564: The present Keisung Academy and the KNU middle/high school, are famous too. Yangnyeongsi ( 약령시 ; 藥令市 ) in Namseongno (often called Yakjeon-golmok) is the oldest market for Korean medicinal herbs in the country with a history of 350 years. Bongsan-dong which has some art galleries and studios is being developed as the artistic center of the city since the 1990s. Nearby tourist attractions include Haeinsa —a Buddhist temple that houses

8858-436: The representative mountains in Daegu. Apsan, just in the southern part of the city, is the closest mountain from the urban area among them. It has many trails, Buddhist temples, a Korean War museum, and a gondola ride to the peak. Additionally, Waryongsan, Hamjisan, and Yongjibong are located in the city. These serve as neighborhood parks to the citizens. Mt. Palgong has a cable car to the summit. There are also hiking trails in

8961-669: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting

9064-457: The south and 1,000 feet (300 m) in elevation to the southeast. Urban areas are situated mostly to the northeast of the airfield. Seoul is located approximately 55 miles (89 km) northeast. The Ansong River flows from the east to west toward the West Sea and passes three miles northwest of the airfield. About 12 miles (19 km) west of Camp Humphreys, the river widens and empties into

9167-530: The steel industries in Pohang provided great services to that surplus. World-leading manufacturing facilities for Anycall ( Samsung Mobile ) and POSCO 's main factories are located near the city. Daegu and its neighbouring cities were designated for the Daegu-Gyeongbuk Free Economic Zone by the central government in 2008. It is specialized companies like Winitech software company in knowledge-based service and manufacturing industries. Historically, Daegu has been

9270-456: The store?' Response 예/네. ye/ne AFF Daegu Daegu is the third-largest urban agglomeration in South Korea after Seoul and Busan ; it is the fourth-largest metropolitan city in the nation with over 2.3 million residents; and the second-largest city after Busan in the Yeongnam region in southeastern South Korea. Daegu and the surrounding North Gyeongsang Province are often referred to as Daegu-Gyeongbuk , with

9373-629: The street in the east fortress, the eastern part of Daegu-eupseong ( 대구읍성 ; 大邱邑城 , means the Daegu-Principality Fortress) was situated along this street. The fortress, however, had been demolished in the early 20th century. Although Daegu is the nation's third or fourth largest city, the Dongseongno area form the largest and the broadest downtown area in the whole country except the capital city, Seoul . In most cases, famous brands open their branch shop first here out of

9476-572: The suburbs. Old villages have been preserved, such as the Otgol village ( Gyeongju Choi clan's original residence area) and the Inheung village ( Nampyeong Mun' s). In the urban area, the Joseon period's administrative or educational buildings including Gyeongsang-gamyeong ( 경상감영 ; 慶尙監營 ) and Daegu-hyanggyo ( 대구향교 ; 大邱鄕校 ) also remain. The main gateway of the city in that period called Yeongnam-jeilmun ( 영남제일문 ; 嶺南第一門 , meaning

9579-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at

9682-449: The textile industry, which is the heart of Daegu's economy, the overall economic growth of the city has also fallen. Also, the city is the warmest region in South Korea due to the humid subtropical climate. This climate condition provides the region with high quality apples and oriental melons. The fruit industry is a crucial support for the local economy. Due to the stagnant economy, Daegu's population began to decrease after 2003. Recently,

9785-511: The top-three markets in the Joseon period. Japanese imperialism forcibly opened up Korea's markets beginning in the late 19th century. In 1895, Daegu became the site of one of the country's first modern post offices , as a part of the 'Gab-o' reforms introduced in the aftermath of the First Sino-Japanese war . Beginning in the late 1890s, increasing numbers of foreign merchants and workers started to visit Daegu, which emerged as

9888-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ

9991-427: The warmest month, is 26.4 °C (80 °F). The city's lowest record temperature was −20.2 °C (−4 °F), and the city's highest record temperature was 40.0 °C (104 °F). In 2014, high temperatures led to the emergence of a new term called Daefrica (대프리카, Daegu+Africa) starting with the internet community, and has been used in the media, broadcasting, etc. In 2015, a traffic cone in Daegu melted in

10094-435: Was absorbed into the kingdom of Silla no later than the fifth century. The vestiges of the wall can be seen, and relics have been excavated in the current Dalseong Park . Silla succeeded in unifying the Korean peninsula by defeating the other kingdoms of Baekje and Goguryeo in the late seventh century, partly due to assistance from China's Tang dynasty . Shortly thereafter, in 689, Silla's King Sinmun considered moving

10197-550: Was destroyed when the temple was sacked in 1254, during the Mongol invasions of Korea . Daegu served as an important transportation center during the Joseon dynasty, being located in the middle of the Great Yeongnam Road which ran between Seoul and Busan, at the junction of this arterial road and the roads to Gyeongju and Jinju . In 1601, Daegu became the administrative capital of the Gyeongsang Province , which

10300-487: Was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to the fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of

10403-401: Was named K-6 after being repaired and enhanced by the U.S. Air Force to accommodate a U.S. Marine Air Group and the 614th Tactical Control Group. In 1962, the base was renamed Camp Humphreys in honor of Chief Warrant Officer Benjamin K. Humphreys, a pilot assigned to the 6th Transportation Company, who died in a helicopter accident. In 1964, Humphreys District command (later re-designated as

10506-518: Was saved only by the heroic deed of his general Sin Sung-gyŏm . However, the atrocities of the Later Baekje forces at this time apparently changed local sympathizers to favor Wang Kŏn, who later became the king of Goryeo . Numerous place names and local legends in the area still bear witness to the historic battle of 927. Among these are " Ansim ", which literally means "peace of mind", said to be

10609-508: Was still responsible for all affairs affecting personnel stationed at Camp Humphreys, but the 19th Support Command was responsible for all support activities vital to the Eighth U.S. Army and its subordinate units. Those units formerly reporting to the 23rd Direct Support Group reported to the 19th Support Command in Daegu . Only the basic functions remained with USAG Camp Humphreys. Later, the 23rd Direct Support Group and 19th Support were renamed

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