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66-518: The paper was established by Jacob R. Tipper of Bainbridge, Georgia . Mrs. Stella M. Tipper, his wife, also played an important role in the management of the paper. The May 7, 1949 issue described her as having “mothered the paper through many trying experiences.” The Tippers moved to Chicago from Georgia around 1908, opening a grocery store and market soon after their arrival. Though he regularly ran for office every election, he just as regularly lost, and Jacob Tipper never occupied paid public office. He

132-498: A $ 39 million tax-incentive package to move from the Miami, Florida area to Bainbridge in return for creating 300 jobs. The package includes $ 20 million for construction, $ 7.9 million in tax credits, $ 4.5 million for infrastructure, $ 4.3 million in property-tax abatements, and $ 3 million for equipment, in addition to a land lease arrangement of $ 1/year for 73 acres (30 hectares) of land. The subsidy totals $ 130,000 per job. River Town Days

198-533: A conceptual plan for the expansion of its Capitol Center. Hisham Ashkouri , working for The Architects' Collaborative , led the urban planning and design effort. Estimating growth and related development for approximately the next 25 years, the program projected the need for 2.3 million square feet (214,000 m ) of new government facilities in the city core, with 3,500 dwelling units, 100 acres (40 ha) of new public open space, retail and private office space, and other ancillary spaces. Community participation

264-610: A cost of $ 1,000,000. The city is a seaport linked to the Gulf of Mexico via Florida's Apalachicola River . Officially known as Port Bainbridge , these facilities are managed entirely by the Georgia Ports Authority . The Decatur County Industrial Air Park , located 6 miles (10 km) northwest of the city, provides general aviation service to the community. Tallahassee, Florida Tallahassee ( / ˌ t æ l ə ˈ h æ s i / TAL -ə- HASS -ee )

330-543: A crude log building serving as the capitol. From 1821 through 1845, during Florida's territorial period, the rough-hewn frontier capital gradually developed as a town. The Marquis de Lafayette , French hero of the American Revolution, returned to the United States in 1824 for a tour. The U.S. Congress voted to give him $ 200,000 (the same amount he had given the colonies in 1778), US citizenship, and

396-541: A direct hit by Hurricane Hermine , which caused about 80% of the city proper to lose power, including Florida State University ; Hurricane Michael in 2018; and two EF2 tornadoes in 2024. The approximate coordinates for the City of Tallhassee is located at 30°27′18″N 84°15′12″W  /  30.45500°N 84.25333°W  / 30.45500; -84.25333 . Tallahassee has an area of 98.2 square miles (254.3 km ), of which 95.7 square miles (247.9 km )

462-695: A few very small accumulating snowfalls over the last 100 years; the greatest amount was 2.8 inches (7 cm) on February 13, 1958. Tallahassee's other recorded measurable snowfalls were 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) on February 12–13, 1899, and December 22–23, 1989 ; 0.4 inches (1.0 cm) on March 28, 1955, and February 10, 1973; 0.2 inches (0.5 cm) on February 2, 1951; and 0.1 inches (0.3 cm) on January 3, 2018 . Although several hurricanes have brushed Tallahassee with their outer rain and wind bands, in recent years only Hurricane Kate , in 1985, and Hurricane Hermine , in 2016, have struck Tallahassee directly. Hurricane Michael passed 50 miles (80 km) to

528-428: A printing plant with $ 35,000 worth of equipment one block away from The Chicago Defender , at 3611 South Indiana. Journalist and labor movement activist Frank Marshall Davis once claimed that the paper did not always publish new writing in every issue: if Tipper had not paid the staff, there would be no new content inside the newspaper, just a fresh front page that Tipper put together himself. Political coverage in

594-470: A small Southern town with virtually the entire population living within one mile (1.6 km) of the Capitol. The main economic drivers were the colleges and state government, where politicians met to discuss spending money on grand public improvement projects to accommodate growth in places such as Miami and Tampa Bay, hundreds of miles away from the capital. Tallahassee was also active in protest during

660-519: A theater page, and a society page. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Library of Congress . Bainbridge, Georgia Bainbridge is a city in Decatur County , Georgia , United States. The city is the county seat of Decatur County. As of the 2020 census , the city had a population of 14,468, up from 12,697 at

726-517: Is 22 °F (−6 °C), set on the same day as the all-time record low. More recently, a 28 °F (−2 °C) daily maximum was recorded in 1985. Conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 81 °F (27 °C) on July 15, 1980. However, the city itself is considerably warmer than the airport where the National Weather Service records its data from, even though the National Weather Service does not record data from it. This

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792-677: Is also home to some gated communities , including Golden Eagle, Ox Bottom, Lafayette Oaks and The Preserve at San Luis; the Tallahassee Ranch Club is to the southeast of the city. The first plan for the Capitol Center was the 1947 Taylor Plan, which consolidated several government buildings in one downtown area. In 1974, the Capitol Center Planning Commission for the City of Tallahassee, Florida responded to growth of its urban center with

858-712: Is also known for its large number of law firms, lobbying organizations, trade associations and professional associations, including The Florida Bar and the Florida Chamber of Commerce . It is a recognized regional center for scientific research, and home to the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory . In 2015, Tallahassee was awarded the All-America City Award by the National Civic League for

924-486: Is due to an urban heat island , which creates an average disparity of 5.8 °F (3.2 °C) and is especially pronounced during winter. Snow and ice are rare in Tallahassee, not occurring during most winters. Historically, snow flurries are recorded every three to four years, but measurable snowfall of 0.1 inches (0.3 cm) or more has only happened once in the 1991–2020 time period. Tallahassee has recorded

990-703: Is held each year the second weekend of March. The Swine Time Festival and Decatur County Fall Festival and Fair are annual events. The Decatur County Courthouse was constructed in 1902, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Also listed on the Register is the First African Missionary Baptist Church . The Decatur County Gilbert H. Gragg Library is located in Bainbridge. The library serves

1056-526: Is in USDA zone 9a by a small margin, the coldest temperature of the year usually being about 20.2 °F (−6.6 °C). Temperature readings below 15 °F (−9 °C) are very rare, having last occurred on January 11, 2010. During the Great Blizzard of 1899 the city reached −2 °F (−19 °C) on February 13, which remains Florida's only recorded subzero reading. The record cold daily maximum

1122-556: Is land and 2.5 square miles (6.5 km ), or 2.59%, is water. Tallahassee's terrain is hilly by Florida standards, being at the southern end of the Red Hills Region , just above the Cody Scarp . The elevation varies from near sea level to just over 200 feet (61 m), with the state capitol on one of the highest hills in the city. The city includes two large lake basins, Lake Jackson and Lake Lafayette , and borders

1188-453: Is located in the center of Decatur County. The city is in southwestern Georgia along U.S. Routes 27 and 84 , which form a bypass around the southern part of the city. U.S. Route 27 leads southeast 42 miles (68 km) to Tallahassee , Florida, and north 128 miles (206 km) to Columbus . U.S. Route 84 leads east 38 miles (61 km) to Thomasville and northwest 54 miles (87 km) to Dothan , Alabama. Other highways which run through

1254-495: Is one of the few cities in the state to occasionally record temperatures above 100 °F (37.8 °C); there are an average of 11.2 days per year that have temperatures at least that high. The record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was set on June 15, 2011. Summer is characterized by brief intense showers and thunderstorms that form along the afternoon sea breeze from the Gulf of Mexico . The daily mean temperature in July,

1320-676: Is the capital city of the U.S. state of Florida . It is the county seat of and the only incorporated municipality in Leon County . Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory , in 1824. In 2022, the estimated population was 201,731, making it the eighth-most populous city in the state of Florida . It is the principal city of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area , which had an estimated population of 390,992 as of 2022 . Tallahassee

1386-657: Is the largest city in the Florida Big Bend and Florida Panhandle regions. With a student population exceeding 70,000, Tallahassee is a college town , home to Florida State University , Florida A&M University , and Tallahassee State College (a large state college that serves mainly as a feeder school to FSU and FAMU). As the capital, Tallahassee is the site of the Florida State Capitol , Supreme Court of Florida , Florida Governor's Mansion , and nearly 30 state agency headquarters. The city

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1452-780: The Apalachee tribe. (The Creek and later refugees who joined them developed as the Seminole Indians of Florida. The Talimali Band of Apalachee Indians in Louisiana identify as present-day descendants of the Apalachee Indians.) During the First Seminole War , General Andrew Jackson fought two separate skirmishes in and around Tallahassee, which was then Spanish territory. The first battle took place on November 12, 1817. After Chief Neamathla, of

1518-730: The Apalachicola River which flows to the Gulf of Mexico . At the junction of the two rivers, the Jim Woodruff Dam forms Lake Seminole . A system of locks at the dam allows barge traffic to travel between the inland port at Bainbridge and the Gulf of Mexico. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 14,468 people, 4,471 households, and 3,111 families residing in the city. It was announced in December 2019 that Brazil-based gun manufacturer Taurus had been granted

1584-471: The Lafayette Land Grant , 36 square miles (93 km ) of land that today includes large portions of Tallahassee. In 1845, a Greek revival masonry structure was erected as the Capitol building in time for statehood. Now known as the "old Capitol", it stands in front of the high-rise Capitol building built in the 1970s. Tallahassee was in the heart of Florida's Cotton Belt —Leon County led

1650-596: The NAACP , and Rev. C. K. Steele began talks with city authorities while the local African-American community started boycotting the city's buses. The Inter-Civic Council ended the boycott on December 22, 1956. On January 7, 1957, the City Commission repealed the bus-franchise segregation clause because of the United States Supreme Court ruling Browder v. Gayle (1956). In the 1960s, there

1716-496: The USS Constitution ("Old Ironsides"), and was incorporated on December 22, 1829. In 1824, Bainbridge was designated seat of the newly formed Decatur County. On October 10, 2018, Bainbridge fell victim to Hurricane Michael . The storm left widespread damage through the city limits, including downed trees, power lines, and structural damage. Many residents affected suffered severe damage to their homes. Bainbridge

1782-558: The Voting Rights Act of 1965 and enforcement of constitutional rights for African Americans, voters in Tallahassee have elected black mayors and black state representatives. It has become a city in the Southern U.S. that is known for progressive activism. This is likely due to the large student population that attends Florida State University , Florida A&M University , and Tallahassee State College . In addition, in

1848-516: The civil rights era . The Tallahassee bus boycott was a citywide boycott in Tallahassee, Florida that sought to end racial segregation in the employment and seating arrangements of city buses. On May 26, 1956, Wilhelmina Jakes and Carrie Patterson, two Florida A&M University students, were arrested by the Tallahassee Police Department for "placing themselves in a position to incite a riot". Robert Saunders, representing

1914-468: The 17th century they established several missions in Apalachee territory to procure food and labor to support their settlement, as well as to convert the natives to Roman Catholicism . The largest, Mission San Luis de Apalachee in Tallahassee, has been partially reconstructed by the state of Florida. The expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez encountered the Apalachee people, although it did not reach

1980-721: The 19th century, the institutions that would develop into what is now Florida State University were established in Tallahassee; it became a university town. These included the Tallahassee Female Academy (founded 1843) and the Florida Institute (founded 1854). In 1851, the Florida legislature decreed two seminaries to be built on either side of the Suwannee River , East Florida Seminary and West Florida Seminary . In 1855, West Florida Seminary

2046-562: The 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Bainbridge, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area and a principal city in the Tallahassee—Bainbridge, FL-GA Combined Statistical Area . The first European settlement in what is today Bainbridge was a trading post set up by James Burges in the late 18th century. From him comes the name Burges's Bluff. The town was named after U.S. Navy Commodore William Bainbridge , commander of

The Chicago World - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-606: The Chicago World in 1928. The World described its platform thusly: Fight against the words Negro, Nigger, and Negress. Use your buying power as you use your ballot. Spend your money in your own community. Married women should not be made to work. Teach your dollar sense. Cut down on southern representation in Congress. Don't spend your money where you can't work. The World gradually grew in circulation, reaching 40,000 people each week at its height. The World‘s staff of ten ran

2178-545: The Tallahassee area were purchased by wealthy northerners for use as winter hunting preserves. This included the hunting preserve of Henry L. Beadel, who bequeathed his land for the study of the effects of fire on wildlife habitat. Today the preserve is known as the Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy , nationally recognized for its research into fire ecology and the use of prescribed burning . Until World War II , Tallahassee remained

2244-599: The Urban Service Area is to "have Tallahassee and Leon County grow in a responsible manner, with infrastructure provided economically and efficiently, and surrounding forest and agricultural lands protected from unwarranted and premature conversion to urban land use." The result of compact growth policies has been a significant overall reduction in the Sprawl Index for Tallahassee between 2000 and 2010. CityLab reported on this finding, stating "Tallahassee laps

2310-520: The World supported the Republican party, with the endorsement of Republican political candidates, including support for 1948 presidential candidate Governor Thomas E. Dewey of New York . Front-page news contained local, national, and international coverage, with reports on crime, relief efforts, politics, death, illness, business, and sports. The paper also included cartoons, book reviews, church news,

2376-419: The age of 25 holding a Bachelor's, Master's, professional or doctorate degree. The Florida average is 37.4% and the national average is 33.4%. Tallahassee has traditionally been a Democratic city, but the party has been supported by different ethnic groups over time, with a major shift in the late 20th century. Leon County has voted Democratic in 24 of the past 29 presidential elections since 1904. But until

2442-503: The ancestor of today's FAMU , opened its doors. The legislature decided Tallahassee was the best location in Florida for a college serving African-American students; the state had segregated schools. Four years later, its name was changed to State Normal and Industrial College for Colored Students , to teach teachers for elementary school children and students in industrial skills. After the Civil War much of Florida's industry moved to

2508-495: The city elected James R. Ford to the 5-member City Commission, and he became the city's first African-American mayor in 1972 (commissioners rotated into the position serving a one-year term). Bobby Bowden became the head coach of Florida State Seminoles football in 1976, and turned Tallahassee into a city dominated by college football, Bowden became very successful very quickly at Florida State. By his second year, Bowden had to deny many rumors that he would leave for another job;

2574-608: The city include Georgia State Routes 97 , 253 , 309 , and 311 . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 20.1 square miles (52.0 km ), of which 18.8 square miles (48.7 km ) is land and 1.3 square miles (3.3 km ), or 6.40%, is water. Bainbridge is located on the Flint River , which flows southwest to meet the Chattahoochee . Together they form

2640-403: The city. In the 2010 census, 16.7% of which had children under 18 living in them. 27.7% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband, and 53.7% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals living alone and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size

2706-496: The city. Tallahassee has many neighborhoods inside the city limits. Some of the most known and defined include All Saints, Apalachee Ridge, Betton Hills, Buck Lake, Callen, Frenchtown (the oldest historically black neighborhood in the state), Killearn Estates, Killearn Lakes Plantation, Lafayette Park, Levy Park, Los Robles , Midtown, Holly Hills, Jake Gaither/University Park, Indian Head Acres, Myers Park, Smokey Hollow , SouthWood , Seminole Manor and Woodland Drives. Tallahassee

The Chicago World - Misplaced Pages Continue

2772-665: The enemy were made prisoner." Florida became an American territory in September 1821, in accordance with the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819. The first session of the Legislative Council of the Territory of Florida met on July 22, 1822, at Pensacola, the former capital of West Florida . Members from St. Augustine, the former capital of East Florida , traveled 59 days by water to attend. The second session

2838-471: The field, at least as far as the Sprawl Index is concerned." Tallahassee has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ), with long, tropical summers and short, mild winters, as well as warm to hot, drier springs and autumns. Tallahassee falls in USDA hardiness zones 8b (15 to 20 °F; −9 to −7 °C). Summer maximum temperatures are hotter than locations to the south on the Florida peninsula and it

2904-432: The hottest month, is 82.9 °F (28.3 °C). Conversely, the winter is markedly cooler, with a January daily average temperature of 51.0 °F (10.6 °C). There is an average of 34.6 nights with a minimum at or below freezing, and on average, the window for freezing temperatures is from November 22 thru March 16, allowing a growing season of 250 days. With the data from the 1991–2020 normals, Tallahassee

2970-560: The late 1960s, most African Americans were disenfranchised from the political system, dating from a new constitution and other laws passed by Democrats in Florida (and in all other Southern states) at the turn of the century. At that time, most African Americans were affiliated with the Republican Party , and their disenfranchisement resulted in that party being non-competitive in the region for decades. Subsequently, these demographic groups traded party alignments. Since passage of

3036-624: The new Capitol, was scheduled for demolition, but state officials decided to keep it as a museum. In 1986, Jack McLean served as mayor, the second African-American to hold the position. Tallahassee was the center of world attention for six weeks during the 2000 United States Presidential election recount , which involved numerous rulings by the Florida Secretary of State and the Florida Supreme Court . Tallahassee has been impacted by many natural disasters, including

3102-412: The north side. The most recent tornadoes to hit the city were EF2s on May 10, 2024. One of them hit downtown Tallahassee, being 1,400 yards (1,300 m) wide. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 196,169 people, 78,283 households, and 34,639 families residing in the city. As of the 2010 United States census , there were 181,376 people, 73,289 households, and 34,516 families residing in

3168-539: The northern end of the Apalachicola National Forest . The flora and fauna are similar to those found in the mid-south and low country regions of South Carolina and Georgia . The palm trees are the more cold-hardy varieties like the state tree, the Sabal palmetto . Pines, magnolias, hickories, and a variety of oaks are the dominant trees. The Southern Live Oak is perhaps the most emblematic of

3234-538: The population of Decatur County and acts as the headquarters for the Southwest Georgia Regional Library . The Decatur County School District holds pre-school to grade 12, and consists of two primary schools, one elementary school, one middle school, and a high school. The district has 384 full-time teachers and over 5,782 students. Schools include: The Bainbridge-Decatur County YMCA opened on September 15, 1986. Its building had

3300-417: The poverty level was estimated at 30.2%. As of 2000 , 92.0% of residents spoke English as their first language , while 4.1% spoke Spanish, 0.6% spoke French, and 0.6% spoke German as their mother tongue . In total, 8.0% of the total population spoke languages other than English. Educationally, the population of Leon County is the most highly educated population in Florida with 54.4% of the residents over

3366-480: The realignment of party politics since the late 20th century, most of the African-American population in the city now support Democratic Party candidates. As of December 2, 2018, there were 112,572 Democrats, 58,083 Republicans, and 44,007 voters who were independent or had other affiliations among the 214,662 voters in Leon County . Leon County's voter turnout percentage has consistently ranked among

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3432-497: The second time. Indigenous peoples occupied this area for thousands of years before European encounter. Around 1200 CE, the large and complex Mississippian culture had built earthwork mounds near Lake Jackson which survive today; they are preserved in the Lake Jackson Archaeological State Park . The Spanish Empire established their first colonial settlement at St. Augustine . During

3498-402: The site of Tallahassee. Hernando de Soto and his mid-16th-century expedition occupied the Apalachee town of Anhaica (at what is now Tallahassee) in the winter of 1538–39. Based on archaeological excavations, this Anhaica site is now known to have been about 0.5 miles (800 m) east of the present Florida State Capitol . The De Soto encampment is believed to be the first place that Christmas

3564-430: The south and east, a trend that continues today. The end of slavery and the rise of free labor reduced the profitability of the cotton and tobacco trade, at a time when world markets were also changing. The state's major industries shifted to citrus, lumber, naval stores , cattle ranching, and tourism. The latter was increasingly important by the late 19th century. In the post-Civil War period, many former plantations in

3630-588: The state in cotton production—and was the center of the slave trade in Florida. During the American Civil War , Tallahassee was the only Confederate state capital east of the Mississippi River not captured by Union forces, and the only one not burned. A small engagement, the Battle of Natural Bridge , was fought south of the city on March 6, 1865, just a month before the war ended. During

3696-474: The team went 9–2, compared to the four wins total in the three seasons before Bowden. During 34 years as head coach he had only one losing season–his first, in 1976. In 1977, the 22-story high-rise Capitol building , designed by architect Edward Durell Stone , was completed. Since 2021, it has been the third-tallest state capitol building in the United States. In 1978, the Old Capitol, directly in front of

3762-518: The village of Fowltown just west of present-day Tallahassee, refused Jackson's orders to relocate, Jackson entered the village, burnt it to the ground, and drove off its occupants. The Indians retaliated, killing 50 soldiers and civilians. Jackson reentered Florida in March 1818. According to Jackson's adjutant, Colonel Robert Butler, they "advanced on the Indian village called Tallahasse (sic) [where] two of

3828-455: The west after making landfall near Mexico Beach, Florida in October 2018 as a Category 5 storm, resulting in 95% of Leon County being without power. The Big Bend area of North Florida sees several tornadoes each year during the season, but they are generally weak, cause little structural damage, and rarely hit the city. On April 19, 2015, a tornado touched down in Tallahassee. The tornado

3894-421: Was 2.33. Children under the age of 5 were 4.9% of the population, persons under 18 were 16.7% and persons 65 years or older were 10.3%. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males. For 2009–2013, the estimated median household income was $ 39,524, and the per capita income was $ 23,778. In 2010, the percentage of persons below

3960-475: Was a movement to transfer the capital to Orlando , closer to the state's growing population centers. That movement was defeated; the 1970s saw a long-term commitment by the state to the capital city, with the construction of the new capitol complex and preservation of the old Florida State Capitol building. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported the city's population as 74.0% white and 25.4% black. In 1971,

4026-414: Was an integral part of the design review, welcoming Tallahassee residents to provide input as well as citizens' groups and government agencies, resulting in the creation of six separate design alternatives. The Tallahassee-Leon County Planning Department implements policies aimed at promoting compact growth and development, including the establishment and maintenance of an Urban Service Area. The intent of

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4092-491: Was celebrated in the continental United States. The name Tallahassee is a Muskogean language word often translated as "old fields" or "old town". It was likely an expression of the Creek people who migrated from Georgia and Alabama to this region in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, under pressure from European-American encroachment on their territory. They found large areas of cleared land previously occupied by

4158-489: Was in St. Augustine, and western delegates needed 28 days to travel perilously around the peninsula to reach St. Augustine. During this session, delegates decided to hold future meetings at a halfway point. Two appointed commissioners selected Tallahassee, at that point an Apalachee settlement ( Anhaica ) virtually abandoned after Andrew Jackson burned it in 1818 , as a halfway point. In 1824, the third legislative session met there in

4224-679: Was nonetheless prominent among Bronzeville politicians, an active member of the Republican party , and somewhat notorious for his "self-interest and unscrupulous dealing". He was elected as a delegate to the Republican National Convention and was a protégé of Edward Herbert Wright in Chicago’s Second Ward. In 1918, Tipper began the newspaper as the Chicago Enterprise, which was later renamed

4290-549: Was rated EF1 , and created a path as wide as 350 yards (320 m) for almost 5 miles (8 km) near Maclay Gardens. Damage included numerous downed tree limbs and a car crushed by a falling tree. During extremely heavy rains, some low-lying parts of Tallahassee may flood, notably the Franklin Boulevard area adjacent to the downtown and the Killearn Lakes subdivision, outside the Tallahassee city limits, on

4356-642: Was transferred to the Florida Institute building (which had been established as an inducement for the state to place the seminary in Tallahassee). In 1858, the seminary absorbed the Tallahassee Female Academy and became coeducational. Its main building was near the northwest corner of South Copeland and West Jefferson streets, approximately where FSU's Westcott Building is today. In 1887, the Normal College for Colored Students,

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