176-463: Aadhi is a 2018 Indian Malayalam -language action thriller film directed by Jeethu Joseph and produced by Antony Perumbavoor through Aashirvad Cinemas . The film stars Pranav Mohanlal in the title role (in his debut role) and with an ensemble cast including Jagapathi Babu , Siddique , Lena , Aditi Ravi , Anusree , Sharaf U Dheen , Siju Wilson , Meghanathan , Sijoy Varghese , Tony Luke and Krishna Shankar . The original soundtrack for
352-517: A Bhashya (language) where "Dravida and Sanskrit should combine together like ruby and coral, without the least trace of any discord". The scripts of Kolezhuthu and Malayanma were also used to write Middle Malayalam . In addition to Vatteluthu and Grantha script , those were used to write Old Malayalam . The literary works written in Middle Malayalam were heavily influenced by Sanskrit and Prakrit , while comparing them with
528-702: A Kozhikode -based seafood export company, where he is a non-executive director since 1992. He is the co-founder, partner and chairman of Jose Thomas Performing Arts Centre (JTPac) in Thrippunithura , Kochi , an arts centre for performing arts and music established in 2009. He is an independent director of Clenergen India Private Limited, a company for production and supply of biomass feedstock for biomass gasification . In 2009, Mohanlal, along with Priyadarshan , tried to bid for an Indian Premier League (IPL) cricket team based in Kochi ; they withdrew
704-787: A Sanskrit -language play directed by Kavalam Narayana Panicker . It premiered at the Siri Fort Auditorium in New Delhi on 29 March 2001 as part of the National Theatre Festival of the National School of Drama . The play depicts Karna's mental agony a day before the Kurukshetra War , as he thinks about his past and his faith. Mohanlal said: "You cannot compare Kavalam's play with the amateur plays I did. Though there are other characters in
880-810: A chain in Dubai called Mohanlal's Tastebuds, established in 2002, and a spices, pickles, condiments, and curry powder brand with the same name launched in February 2004 in the Middle East . From 2007, the Eastern Group owns the majority stake in the brand. In 2006, he opened a seafood restaurant named The Harbour Market in Bangalore , and a hotel named Travancore Court in Ernakulam . His other business ventures include Uniroyal Marine Exports Limited –
1056-441: A heist film directed by B. Unnikrishnan . He appeared in an extended cameo role in his next film Koothara , directed by Srinath Rajendran, a coming-of-age mystery film set in an untold period. He played a mysterious character in the experimental film, who at the end of the film revealed himself as a merman . His next was the comical political satire film Peruchazhi , written and directed by Arun Vaidyanathan . He played
1232-573: A nightclub where eminent personalities from the music industry gather and seeks an opportunity to perform a musical to catch their attention. But circumstantially cause the death of a person who is the son of a greatly influential figure. The deceased was the son of Narayana Reddy, the owner of Pinnacle Group. Jayakrishnan intimidates Anjana and frames Aadhi for the death, and informs Reddy, who seeks to take revenge on Aadhi. Reddy uses his influence to make it an accidental death to avoid police intervention and starts an underground manhunt for Aadhi, using
1408-771: A play within a play narrative style. It premiered at the Lulu International Convention Centre in Thrissur on 12 March 2008, and later was staged in Thiruvananthapuram, Bangalore, Kollam , Kochi , and Kozhikode. A critic from The Hindu wrote: " Chayamukhi is, arguably, the finest work on Malayalam stage in recent times". In the same year, Mohanlal voiced Hanuman in the English ballet Maya Ravan , directed by Shobana . In 2014, Mohanlal and musician Ratheesh Vegha formed
1584-606: A 100-year period. The play, directed by T. K. Rajeev Kumar premiered at the Senate Hall of University of Kerala on 1 November 2003, and later was staged in Kozhikode , Bangalore , Chennai and Delhi . In 2008, Mohanlal along with Mukesh performed in Chayamukhi , written and directed by Prasanth Narayanan. Mohanlal and Mukesh portrayed Bheeman and Keechakan respectively, the characters from Mahabharata . It had
1760-516: A 7th century poem written by the Tamil poet Sambandar the people of Kerala are referred to as malaiyāḷar (mountain people). The word Malayalam is also said to originate from the words mala , meaning ' mountain ', and alam , meaning ' region ' or '-ship' (as in "township"); Malayalam thus translates directly as 'the mountain region'. The term Malabar was used as an alternative term for Malayalam in foreign trade circles to denote
1936-640: A Hindi movie for the first time". In a 2010 online poll by Hindifilmnews.com, Mohanlal's performance in Company was chosen as "The Finest Performance of a Bollywood Actor in the Last Decade (2001–2010)". He was No. 1 in the audiences' list and maintained No. 6 in the critics' list. The following year, Mohanlal, trying to change his action hero image, returned to comedic roles with Kilichundan Mampazham , Balettan , Hariharan Pillai Happy Aanu and Mr. Brahmachari . Kilichundan Mampazham , promoted as
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#17327758739852112-469: A canonical word order of SOV (subject–object–verb), as do other Dravidian languages . A rare OSV word order occurs in interrogative clauses when the interrogative word is the subject. Both adjectives and possessive adjectives precede the nouns they modify. Malayalam has 6 or 7 grammatical cases . Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood and aspect, but not for person, gender nor number except in archaic or poetic language. The modern Malayalam grammar
2288-468: A comeback vehicle for the actor, received good reviews and a decent box office collection. Balettan , directed by V. M. Vinu , was also a commercial success. Mohanlal played Athanipparambil Balachandran, a bank employee always willing to lend a helping hand to others, who is forced to hide many secrets after his father's death leading to his family's mistrust. In 2004, Natturajavu and Mambazhakkalam were his only successes. Mohanlal appeared in
2464-605: A communal turn when lawsuits were filed claiming that prints exhibited in Hindu -dominated areas showed Mohanlal marrying the heroine, whereas the ones in Muslim -dominated areas showed Mammootty marrying her. The major issue was that the film showed uncensored scenes, as the submitted cut of the film to the Central Board of Film Certification was the version in which Mohanlal wins the leading lady. Hence they were forced to remove
2640-697: A distinct language due to geographical separation of Kerala from the Tamil country and the influence of Sanskrit and Prakrit from the Nambudiri Brahmins of the Malabar Coast . The Old Malayalam language was employed in several official records and transactions (at the level of the Chera Perumal kings, as well as the upper-caste ( Nambudiri ) village temples). Most of the inscriptions in Old Malayalam were found from
2816-501: A distinct literary language from the western coastal dialect of Middle Tamil and the linguistic separation completed sometime between the 9th and 13th centuries. The renowned poets of Classical Tamil such as Paranar (1st century CE), Ilango Adigal (2nd–3rd century CE), and Kulasekhara Alvar (9th century CE) were Keralites . The Sangam works can be considered as the ancient predecessor of Malayalam. Some scholars however believe that both Tamil and Malayalam developed during
2992-570: A film pre and post-production studio headquartered in Trivandrum and a college for dubbing artists at KINFRA Film and Video Park, Trivandrum. The company's management was later taken over by Sohan Roy of Aries Group, which has now been renamed as Aries Vismayas Max. Mohanlal continues to be its brand ambassador. He has produced films under the production house Pranavam Arts International . He owns restaurants in India and overseas, including
3168-440: A hunter in his following release, the action film Pulimurugan . It became the highest-grossing Malayalam film ever and is the first Malayalam film to gross over ₹ 100 crore at the box office. The film has so far collected ₹ 152 crore worldwide. The next year, he acted in another ₹ 50 crore film; Munthirivallikal Thalirkkumbol . The next film he acted in was 1971: Beyond Borders directed by Major Ravi . It
3344-637: A literary language. The Malayalam script began to diverge from the Vatteluttu and the Western Grantha scripts in the 8th and 9th centuries of Common Era . By the end of the 13th century, a written form of the language emerged which was unique from the Vatteluttu script that was used to write Tamil on the eastern coast. Old Malayalam ( Paḻaya Malayāḷam ), an inscriptional language found in Kerala from circa 9th to circa 13th century CE,
3520-592: A lot of its words from various foreign languages: mainly from the Semitic languages including Arabic , and the European languages including Dutch and Portuguese , due to the long heritage of Indian Ocean trade and the Portuguese-Dutch colonization of the Malabar Coast . Variations in intonation patterns, vocabulary, and distribution of grammatical and phonological elements are observable along
3696-517: A picture of him captured by the security camera in the club. Reddy gets hold of the car that Aadhi brought to the pub, his dad's boss's one, and through the security cam footage that he stays somewhere on the Bangalore-Mysore road. He sends his goons to catch Aadhi, while unbeknownst to all of it, he is in the streets. But using his free-running skills, he evades the goons only to end up with Sharath. Sharath takes him home and tells him about
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#17327758739853872-495: A political murder. Ladies and Gentleman , directed by Siddique , was a romantic comedy film set in the backdrop of IT companies. Geethaanjali , a horror thriller directed by Priyadarsan , was a spin-off of the Malayalam classic film Manichitrathazhu , in which he reprised the role of Dr. Sunny from the original. His last release was Drishyam , directed by Jeethu Joseph . It grossed ₹ 75 crore worldwide and became
4048-406: A production company during the 1980s, Casino, along with Mammootty , I.V. Sasi , Seema and Century Kochumon. The production house produced commercially successful films such as Adiyozhukkukal (1984), Karimpinpoovinakkare (1985), Gandhinagar 2nd Street (1986) and Nadodikkattu (1987). He owns Maxlab Cinemas and Entertainments , a film distribution company. He started Vismayas Max,
4224-749: A project developed to create awareness about traffic rules. He was appointed as the Goodwill ambassador of "Mrithasanjeevani" in September 2016, another project by the Government of Kerala aimed at promoting organ donation in the state. In January 2021, he was appointed as the goodwill ambassador of the tuberculosis eradication campaign by the Kerala government's health department. He has also appeared in several television commercials and advertisements for Malabar Gold and Diamonds , Oceanus etc. Mohanlal
4400-516: A retro English track in the film. When Jeethu asked, Pranav expressed interest in writing and singing the track that appears in a live performance scene in the film. He also played the guitar. Johnson was confident of Pranav's singing and guitar skills. Titling the song, finalizing the tune, and recording, was done in Kochi after Pranav returned from the final filming schedule in Hyderabad . "Sooryane",
4576-452: A risk-free magic at the inaugural function of Magic Planet, a magic-themed complex in Thiruvananthapuram, founded by Muthukad. The chief minister of Kerala , Oommen Chandy , inaugurated the event, and Mohanlal's act involved levitating a girl. Mohanlal has been described in the Indian media as one of the most versatile actors and has been lauded for his natural acting style. Mohanlal
4752-576: A role but had to cancel because of scheduling conflicts. The film has no romantic track. The leading female roles were played by Anusree , Aditi Ravi , and Lena . Aditi plays Anjana, a Bangalore -based Malayali banking professional. She was suggested to Jeethu by cinematographer Satheesh Kurup , who worked in her debut film Alamara ; Aditi was cast after a screen test . Siddique and Lena play Aadhi's father and mother. Also in August 2017, confirming his presence, Tony Luke shared his character look on
4928-465: A seamless experience". By the end of September 2017, Jeethu said they had one month of shoot left in Hyderabad and would soon film the action scenes, for which a foreign stunt director would join the unit. After completing the action scenes, the crew would shift again between Kochi and Bangalore. On 23 October, the unit returned to Kochi to begin the final phase of filming; the climax scenes were shot in
5104-507: A single from the film was released by Goodwill Entertainments label on 5 January 2018 for digital download and as music video on YouTube. It was sung by Najim Arshad and written by Santhosh Varma. The music work was done at Blacknoise studio in Kochi and 20 dB Studios in Chennai . The makers initially targeted a release by Christmas 2017, but in August that year, Jeethu confirmed the film would not be released at Christmas because filming
5280-469: A situation", adding that acting was "akin to entering another person's body." In the same year, he acted in a film which became a commercial success, Varavelpu , which tells the story of a man who earned money working in the Gulf and came back home to enjoy his life with his family. He bought a bus, which eventually gets him into trouble. The former Prime Minister of India , Atal Bihari Vajpayee , mentioned
5456-550: A social networking site, sporting a thick beard. By the end of the month, Jagapati Babu was confirmed to be in the cast in a significant role. Preliminary principal photography commenced on 5 July 2017 at hotel Vivanta by Taj in Thycaud, Thiruvananthapuram after a puja function held at the same venue—it was a single brief shot featuring Pranav. The regular filming began on 1 August 2017 in Nedumbassery , Kochi. Pranav
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5632-685: A spirit of brotherhood. മനുഷ്യരെല്ലാവരും തുല്യാവകാശങ്ങളോടും അന്തസ്സോടും സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യത്തോടുംകൂടി ജനിച്ചിട്ടുള്ളവരാണ്. അന്യോന്യം ഭ്രാതൃഭാവത്തോടെ പെരുമാറുവാനാണ് മനുഷ്യന് വിവേകബുദ്ധിയും മനസാക്ഷിയും സിദ്ധമായിരിക്കുന്നത്. manuṣyarellāvaruṁ tulyāvakāśaṅṅaḷōṭuṁ antassōṭuṁ svātantryattōṭuṅkūṭi janicciṭṭuḷḷavarāṇŭ. anyōnyaṁ bhrātr̥bhāvattōṭe perumāṟuvānāṇŭ manuṣyanŭ vivēkabuddhiyuṁ manasākṣiyuṁ siddhamāyirikkunnatŭ. /manuʂjaɾellaːʋaɾum t̪uljaːʋakaːʃaŋŋaɭoːʈum an̪t̪assoːʈum sʋaːt̪an̪tɾjat̪t̪oːʈuŋkuːʈi d͡ʒanit͡ʃt͡ʃiʈʈuɭɭaʋaɾaːɳɨ̆ ǁ anjoːnjam bʱraːt̪rɨ̆bʱaːʋat̪t̪oːʈe peɾumaːruʋaːnaːɳɨ̆ manuʂjanɨ̆ ʋiʋeːkabud̪d̪ʱijum manasaːkʂijum sid̪d̪ʱamaːjiɾikkun̪ːat̪ɨ̆ ǁ/ Malayalam has
5808-456: A stage play called Computer Boy , in which he played a ninety-year-old man. During 1977 and 1978 he was the Kerala state wrestling champion. Mohanlal made his acting debut in 1978 with the film Thiranottam , which was produced and made by Mohanlal and his friends— Maniyanpilla Raju , Suresh Kumar, Unni, Priyadarshan , Ravi Kumar and a few others. Mohanlal played Kuttappan, a mentally disabled servant. Due to some issues with censorship,
5984-732: A successful hero with a "good heart". Mohanlal played his first comic lead role in an ensemble cast in the 1984 comedy Poochakkoru Mookkuthi , directed by Priyadarshan, as a young man in love with a girl whom he mistakenly believes to be rich. It also marked the beginning of the Mohanlal-Priyadarshan duo, who as of 2016, have worked together in 44 films. In 1985, he recorded a song for the film Onnanam Kunnil Oradi Kunnil . Uyarangalil , Nokketha Doorathu Kannum Nattu , Boeing Boeing and Aram + Aram = Kinnaram were some of his films in this period. During this period, Mohanlal played very different roles in films "made by
6160-537: A young man might have fit the villain 's image. His acclaimed negative roles include Sandhyakku Virinja Poovu and Kuyiline Thedi . By 1983, Mohanlal was credited in more than 25 feature films, most of them had him playing negative roles. Films such as Ente Mohangal Poovaninju , Iniyengilum , Visa , Attakkalasham , Kaliyil Alpam Karyam , Ente Mamattukkuttiyammakku , Engane Nee Marakkum , Unaroo and Sreekrishna Parunthu changed his image. Through Sasikumar's Ivide Thudangunnu , he became
6336-575: A young man who becomes a thug, estranged from his father, upon failing to meet the latter's high expectations. In 1996, Mohanlal starred in Priyadarshan's Kaalapani , an epic film about the prisoners in the Cellular Jail of Port Blair and Lohithadas's Kanmadam (1998). He played the lead role in Guru , directed by Rajiv Anchal in 1997. The film was chosen as India's official entry to
6512-580: A young man who becomes mentally ill upon witnessing his girlfriend's death. He played Solomon in Padmarajan's Namukku Parkkan Munthirithoppukal . Mohanlal's association with Padmarajan was very well noted because their films told stories that were well and truly ahead of their times and broke many conventional stereotypes prevailing during that time in the Malayalam film industry. In 1986 alone, Mohanlal appeared in 36 Malayalam films. The following year, Mohanlal starred with Sreenivasan and Shobana in
6688-568: A young political kingmaker who is assigned to make a candidate for governor win the California state gubernatorial elections, where he uses standard Indian political gimmicks to win the election in the USA. In 2015, his first release was the Kannada film Mythri . His performance as the revenge-seeking DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) scientist Mahadev was well appreciated by
6864-499: Is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry ( Mahé district ) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was designated a " Classical Language of India " in 2013. Malayalam has official language status in Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry ( Mahé ), and is also the primary spoken language of Lakshadweep. Malayalam
7040-731: Is also a considerable Malayali population in the Persian Gulf regions, especially in Dubai , Kuwait and Doha . For the consonants and vowels, the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbol is given, followed by the Malayalam character and the ISO 15919 transliteration. The current Malayalam script bears high similarity with Tigalari script , which was used for writing the Tulu language , spoken in coastal Karnataka ( Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts) and
7216-542: Is also credited with developing the Malayalam script into the current form through the intermixing and modification of the erstwhile scripts of Vatteluttu , Kolezhuthu , and Grantha script , which were used to write the inscriptions and literary works of Old and Middle Malayalam. He further eliminated excess and unnecessary letters from the modified script. Hence, Ezhuthachan is also known as The Father of modern Malayalam . The development of modern Malayalam script
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7392-439: Is also known by his pet name "Lalettan". Reader's Digest India described him in 2004 as "cinema's jack of all trades and master of many". He was also listed 80th in India's Most Trusted Persons, in a survey conducted by Reader's Digest in 2010. Director Ram Gopal Varma has described Mohanlal as "one of the finest actors in the country who can slip into any role easily". The actor has often been praised by his contemporaries in
7568-608: Is an Indian actor, film producer, playback singer , film distributor, and director who predominantly works in Malayalam film industry besides also having sporadically appeared in Tamil , Hindi , Telugu and Kannada films. Mohanlal has a prolific career spanning over four decades, during which he has acted in more than 400 films . The Government of India honoured him with Padma Shri in 2001, and Padma Bhushan in 2019, India's fourth and third highest civilian honours , for his contributions to Indian cinema . In 2009, he became
7744-412: Is based on the book Kerala Panineeyam written by A. R. Raja Raja Varma in late 19th century CE. The declensional paradigms for some common nouns and pronouns are given below. As Malayalam is an agglutinative language, it is difficult to delineate the cases strictly and determine how many there are, although seven or eight is the generally accepted number. Alveolar plosives and nasals (although
7920-570: Is credited as his 300th film. The film was a hit. His last movie that year was Oru Marubhoomikkadha , directed by Priyadarshan , which was an action comedy thriller entirely set in the Middle East . It marked the return of the Priyadarshan-Mohanlal- Mukesh combo of the late 1980s and 90s. The film performed well at the Christmas-New Year's box office. In 2012, he acted in six films. His first release
8096-462: Is doing local singing gigs. He receives some support from his father, Mohan Varma, a successful businessman, he is not so optimistic about Aadhi's musical career and wants him to earn a livelihood from the business. His mother, Rosy, however, supports his wishes except for the parkour. Aadhi is trying hard to get a breakthrough. Mohan sends Aadhi to take his friend Roy's car to Bangalore to receive Roy after his foreign trip. In Bangalore, Aadhi goes to
8272-416: Is done. Meanwhile, Reddy urges the cops to have a lookout for Aadhi, and all the transport routes are inspected for Aadhi's suspected departure. Aadhi, having lost his phone, keeps on his communicating with his parents through Sharath, and this intrigues Reddy, who decides to go for call tracing on that. Suspecting his activities to be disclosed, Jayakrishnan readily takes over the responsibility of monitoring
8448-575: Is forced to leave the hideout. Aadhi plots a new plan to disclose things to Reddy, as the situation brings him to the conclusion that Jayakrishnan devised the whole plan to save face because Reddy might kill him if he is found guilty. Aadhi takes help from Mani Annan and a former employee of the Pinnacle Group, Ebin, to disclose to Reddy all the happenings at his office in Bangalore. As per Ebin's request, he gets hold of gadgets to gain access to
8624-533: Is haunted by his past. The film topped at the Ramzan box office. It was followed by Kandahar , a war film directed by Major Ravi , based on the hijacking of Indian Airlines Flight 814 in 1999. Mohanlal reprised the role of Major Mahadevan in the film. It was the third installment in the Major Mahadevan film series , and the debut Malayalam film of Amitabh Bachchan . Mohanlal's first release in 2011
8800-512: Is influenced by Tamil. Labels such as "Nampoothiri Dialect", "Mappila Dialect", and "Nasrani Dialect" refer to overall patterns constituted by the sub-dialects spoken by the subcastes or sub-groups of each such caste. The most outstanding features of the major communal dialects of Malayalam are summarized below: Malayalam has incorporated many elements from other languages over the years, the most notable of these being Sanskrit and later, English. According to Sooranad Kunjan Pillai who compiled
8976-415: Is one of the mainstays in the film. Shot in real locations, Pranav draws applause for his skills in free running or popularly known as Parkour." Deccan Chronicle gave 3/5 stars and said the film is "A high-octane, action-packed drama keeps audience, irrespective of ages, engaged." Deepa Soman of The Times of India gave 3/5 stars and wrote "Aadhi deserves your time if you can look past the familiarity of
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#17327758739859152-417: Is one of the most exciting rollercoaster rides ever to emerge from Malayalam cinema." Meera Suresh of The New Indian Express gave 3.5/5 stars and called it "an impressive debut from Pranav", stating that "With mind-boggling action sequences and enough screen presence, Mohanlal's son makes a comfortable debut, winning us with his charisma." G. Ragesh of Malayala Manorama gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Aadhi
9328-660: Is phonemic and all of the vowels have minimal pairs for example kaṭṭi "thickness", kāṭṭi "showed", koṭṭi "tapped", kōṭṭi "twisted, stick, marble", er̠i "throw", ēr̠i "lots" Some speakers also have /æː/, /ɔː/, /ə/ from English loanwords e.g. /bæːŋgɨ̆/ "bank" but most speakers replace it with /aː/, /eː/ or /ja/; /oː/ or /aː/ and /e/ or /a/. The following text is Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights . All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in
9504-462: Is sometimes disputed by scholars. They regard the Chera Perumal inscriptional language as a diverging dialect or variety of contemporary Tamil . The oldest extant literary work in Malayalam distinct from the Tamil tradition is Ramacharitam (late 12th or early 13th century). The earliest script used to write Malayalam was the Vatteluttu script . The current Malayalam script is based on
9680-519: Is spoken by 35 million people in India. Malayalam is also spoken by linguistic minorities in the neighbouring states; with a significant number of speakers in the Kodagu and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka , and Kanyakumari , Coimbatore and Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. It is also spoken by the Malayali Diaspora worldwide, especially in the Persian Gulf countries , due to
9856-536: Is tailor-made for the entry of Pranav Mohanlal into the world of stardom and the writer-director has done everything possible to keep the fans of the superstar in good spirits." Sify gave 3/5 stars and wrote " Aadhi is an entertaining journey of a youth, which gives you some edge of the seat moments with his action skills. Jeethu Joseph has evidently tried to keep the viewers engaged using a fast paced presentation." Manoj Kumar R. of The Indian Express gave 3/5 stars and wrote "Pranav's performance in action sequences
10032-474: Is terrifically strong and it has, at least for the moment, killed the prospects of good films. I don't see any other reason for the failure of well made female-oriented films like Mazha and Madhuranombarakkattu ". In 2002, Mohanlal played Sreenivasan IPS , a Mumbai police officer, in his first Bollywood film Company , which introduced him to the Hindi -speaking audience in India and for which he won
10208-549: Is the Malayalam Varthamanappusthakam , written by Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar in 1785. Robert Caldwell describes the extent of Malayalam in the 19th century as extending from the vicinity of Kumbla in the north where it supersedes with Tulu to Kanyakumari in the south, where it begins to be superseded by Tamil , beside the inhabited islands of Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea . In
10384-438: Is the earliest attested form of Malayalam. The beginning of the development of Old Malayalam from a western coastal dialect of Middle Tamil can be dated to circa 8th century CE. It remained a west coast dialect until circa 9th century CE or a little later. The origin of Malayalam calendar dates back to year 825 CE. It is generally agreed that the western coastal dialect of Tamil began to separate, diverge, and grow as
10560-674: The saṁvr̥tōkāram , which is not officially a vowel, and not as actual vocalic consonants) have been classified as vowels: vocalic r ( ഋ , /rɨ̆/ , r̥), long vocalic r ( ൠ , /rɨː/ , r̥̄), vocalic l ( ഌ , /lɨ̆/ , l̥) and long vocalic l ( ൡ , /lɨː/ , l̥̄). Except for the first, the other three have been omitted from the current script used in Kerala as there are no words in current Malayalam that use them. Some authors say that Malayalam has no diphthongs and /ai̯, au̯/ are clusters of V+glide j/ʋ while others consider all V+glide clusters to be diphthongs /ai̯, aːi̯, au̯, ei̯, oi̯, i̯a/ as in kai, vāypa, auṣadhaṁ, cey, koy and kāryaṁ Vowel length
10736-430: The 16th century , when it was known as "Malayayma" or "Malayanma"; the words were also used to refer to the script and the region . According to Duarte Barbosa , a Portuguese visitor who visited Kerala in the early 16th century CE, the people in the southwestern Malabar coast of India from Kumbla in north to Kanyakumari in south had a unique language, which was called "Maliama" by them. Prior to this period ,
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#173277587398510912-591: The Belgrade International Film Festival and two National Film Awards. In 1998, he produced and starred in Harikrishnans , co-starring Mammootty and Juhi Chawla . The film was a commercial success, but was not well received by critics. The film had dual climaxes , which were screened in different regions, based on the popularity of the two lead actors in each particular region. This, however, became controversial and took
11088-544: The Indian film industry , for his contributions to Malayalam cinema . In 2003, on the 25th anniversary of Mohanlal's film career, a week-long celebration and a stage show were held in Thiruvananthapuram , by his fans and friends. The proceeds from the stage show were donated to charity. Malayalam television channels Asianet and Surya TV also held separate stage shows to celebrate the anniversary. During
11264-522: The International Indian Film Academy Awards (IIFA) and Star Screen Award for Best Supporting Actor. The film dealt with the real-life story of two underworld dons who ruled Mumbai (played by Ajay Devgn and Vivek Oberoi ). Mohanlal's performance was well received. The Hindu noted that the actor is "at his natural best" and "does not look stifled or anxious as other South Indian stars do when they appear in
11440-939: The Middle East , the United States, and Europe. There were 179,860 speakers of Malayalam in the United States, according to the 2000 census, with the highest concentrations in Bergen County, New Jersey , and Rockland County, New York . There are 144,000 of Malayalam speakers in Malaysia . There were 11,687 Malayalam speakers in Australia in 2016. The 2001 Canadian census reported 7,070 people who listed Malayalam as their mother tongue, mainly in Toronto . The 2006 New Zealand census reported 2,139 speakers. 134 Malayalam speaking households were reported in 1956 in Fiji . There
11616-632: The Namboothiri and Nair dialects have a common nature, the Arabi Malayalam is among the most divergent of dialects, differing considerably from literary Malayalam. Jeseri is a dialect of Malayalam spoken mainly in the Union territory of Lakshadweep and Beary is spoken in Tulu Nadu which are nearer to Kerala. Of the total 33,066,392 Malayalam speakers in India in 2001, 33,015,420 spoke
11792-531: The Pathanamthitta district , Kerala on 21 May 1960. He is the youngest child of Viswanathan Nair, a former bureaucrat and Law Secretary with the Kerala government , and Santhakumari. He had an elder brother named Pyarelal (died in 2000, during a military exercise). Mohanlal was named by his maternal uncle Gopinathan Nair, who initially decided to name him Roshanlal before choosing "Mohanlal". However, his father avoided giving him their surname. His father
11968-536: The Pathinettara Kavikal (Eighteen and a half poets) in the court of the Zamorin of Calicut , also belong to Middle Malayalam. The literary works of this period were heavily influenced by Manipravalam , which was a combination of contemporary Tamil and Sanskrit . The word Mani-Pravalam literally means Diamond-Coral or Ruby-Coral . The 14th-century Lilatilakam text states Manipravalam to be
12144-478: The South Indian audience, the entertainment company Hotstar , which is a platform for streaming media and video on demand , announced Mohanlal as its brand ambassador for its Malayalam contents. He endorsed its six-week multimedia campaign on television, print , outdoor and digital medias. Mohanlal has started and associated with several business ventures related to film production and distribution, restaurants and packaged spices among others. He co-owned
12320-399: The University of Calicut in 2018. Mohanlal is also known for his philanthropic endeavours. He founded the ViswaSanthi Foundation , a non-profit charitable organization that was started to create and deliver high-impact and focused programs to the underprivileged sections of society in the areas of Healthcare and Education. Mohanlal Viswanathan was born in the village of Elanthoor in
12496-477: The Voiced retroflex approximant (/ɻ/) which is seen in both Tamil and the standard form of Malayalam, are not seen in the northern dialects of Malayalam, as in Kannada . For example, the words Vazhi (Path), Vili (Call), Vere (Another), and Vaa (Come/Mouth), become Bayi , Bili , Bere , and Baa in the northern dialects of Malayalam. Similarly the Malayalam spoken in the southern districts of Kerala, i.e., Thiruvananthapuram - Kollam - Pathanamthitta area
12672-538: The Yerava dialect and 31,329 spoke non-standard regional variations like Eranadan . As per the 1991 census data, 28.85% of all Malayalam speakers in India spoke a second language and 19.64% of the total knew three or more languages. Just before independence, Malaya attracted many Malayalis. Large numbers of Malayalis have settled in Chennai , Bengaluru , Mangaluru , Hyderabad , Mumbai , Navi Mumbai , Pune , Mysuru and Delhi . Many Malayalis have also emigrated to
12848-505: The direct-broadcast satellite television provider Tata Sky announced Mohanlal as its brand endorser for its Kerala market. Mohanlal, along with Milkha Singh and P. T. Usha were the brand ambassadors of the event Kochi International Half Marathon in 2013, a half marathon organised by Kochi Municipal Corporation and Push Integrated Communication Pvt Ltd., He continued in its second edition in 2014, along with cricketer Harbhajan Singh . In May 2016, as part of expanding its market to
13024-433: The discrimination against women . 2013 was a remarkable year for Mohanlal, it was the year in which the all-time blockbuster of Malayalam film, Drishyam released. His first film of the year was Lokpal , a vigilante thriller in which he played a vigilante nicknamed "Lokpal". It was directed by Joshiy and written by S. N. Swamy . Red Wine , directed by Salam Bappu , was a non-linear investigation thriller based on
13200-459: The northern districts of Kerala , those lie adjacent to Tulu Nadu . Old Malayalam was mostly written in Vatteluttu script (with Pallava/Southern Grantha characters). Old Malayalam had several features distinct from the contemporary Tamil, which include the nasalisation of adjoining sounds, substitution of palatal sounds for dental sounds, contraction of vowels, and the rejection of gender verbs. Ramacharitam and Thirunizhalmala are
13376-747: The 13th and 14th centuries of the Common Era . The Sandesha Kavya s of 14th century CE written in Manipravalam language include Unnuneeli Sandesam . Kannassa Ramayanam and Kannassa Bharatham by Rama Panikkar of the Niranam poets who lived between 1350 and 1450, are representative of this language. Ulloor has opined that Rama Panikkar holds the same position in Malayalam literature that Edmund Spenser does in English literature . The Champu Kavyas written by Punam Nambudiri, one among
13552-481: The 16th century CE, Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan from the Kingdom of Tanur and Poonthanam Nambudiri from the Kingdom of Valluvanad , followed the new trend initiated by Cherussery in their poems. The Adhyathmaramayanam Kilippattu and Mahabharatham Kilippattu , written by Ezhuthachan, and Jnanappana , written by Poonthanam, are also included in the earliest form of Modern Malayalam. Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan
13728-441: The 1980s, Mohanlal and Mammootty emerged as "superstars" in Malayalam cinema , marking an unprecedented phenomenon in the industry. This led to a shift in the Malayalam film landscape, with star-driven films becoming the norm, reminiscent of Bollywood and Tamil film cultures. As India Today noted in 1988, filmmakers tailored characters to suit these superstars. Director I. V. Sasi remarked that even Prem Nazir never had
13904-472: The 2005 black comedy Udayananu Tharam as an aspiring film director. It was well received by critics and performed well even in places where Malayalam films do not run in regular shows, such as Vadodara , Rajkot , Pune and Ahmedabad . In the same year, he appeared in director Blessy 's second film Thanmathra , a film that tells the story of an individual suffering from Alzheimer's disease . The film received positive reviews and Mohanlal's performance
14080-818: The 2014 International Film Festival of India in the 'Celebrating Dance in Indian Cinema' section. In 2000, Mohanlal starred in Narasimham , playing a rogue with a good heart. It became the highest-grossing Malayalam film of all time. In the next two years, Mohanlal was typecasted in similar larger-than-life action hero roles in films such as Ravanaprabhu (2001), Praja (2001), Onnaman (2002), Thandavam (2002) and Chathurangam (2002). Except for Ravanaprabhu , these films were widely criticised for their repetitive plots, lewd dialogues, punch lines and male chauvinistic outlook. A critic from The New Indian Express wrote: "The Narasimham hangover
14256-662: The 2023 film Alone (2023 film) received negative reviews. Following a cameo in Jailer . he starred in Neru , released in December 2023, and the action/thriller film Malaikottai Vaaliban , which was released on 25 January 2024. Mohanlal had acted in several amateur plays before entering into films. In 2001, he debuted in professional drama playing Karna (a character from the Indian epic Mahabharata ) in Karnabharam ,
14432-588: The Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages" , opined that literary Malayalam branched from Classical Tamil and over time gained a large amount of Sanskrit vocabulary and lost the personal terminations of verbs. As the language of scholarship and administration, Old-Tamil, which was written in Tamil-Brahmi and the Vatteluttu alphabet later, greatly influenced the early development of Malayalam as
14608-612: The Indian government conferred him with the honorary title of lieutenant colonel in the Indian Territorial Army . In 2007, Mohanlal won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Paradesi , directed by P. T. Kunju Muhammed . Sify.com stated that "Mohanlal is mesmerising and reinvents the idiom of acting once more with feeling." His July release Hallo became one of
14784-537: The Mammootty version from theatres, replacing it with the original. However, in television premieres, both film versions were shown. Mohanlal depicted a Kathakali artist whose personal life is a tragedy in the 1999 Indo-French period drama Vanaprastham , produced by him and directed by Shaji N. Karun . It won him the second National Award for Best Actor and was the first film that got him international recognition by screening in various Film festivals. The film
14960-660: The Oscars to be considered for nomination in the Best Foreign Language Film category for 1997. Mohanlal acted in his first non-Malayalam film in 1997, in the Tamil biographical film Iruvar , directed by Mani Ratnam . The film, in which Mohanlal depicted an actor who turns to politics (based on the life of M. G. Ramachandran ), was a critical success and won many awards including the Best Film award at
15136-492: The Sathyan Anthikad comedy Nadodikkattu , which became a box office success. Mohanlal and Sreenivasan reprised their roles as the detectives Dasan and Vijayan respectively in its sequels; Pattanapravesham (1988) and Akkare Akkare Akkare (1990). Thoovanathumbikal , directed by Padmarajan, in which he portrayed a person torn between his twin love interests, broke many stereotypes in Indian films, such as,
15312-487: The Tamil film Unnaipol Oruvan . His last film of the year, Evidam Swargamanu , was directed by Rosshan Andrrews . In 2010, he acted in five films, the first being Janakan , a crime thriller in which he co-starred with Suresh Gopi , written by S. N Swamy . In the film, he played Adv. Surya Narayanan encounters some runaway suspects as they approach him for justice. Alexander the Great , directed by Murali Nagavally
15488-613: The Tamil political drama Iruvar (1997), the Hindi crime drama Company (2002) and the Telugu film Janatha Garage (2016). Mohanlal has won five National Film Awards —two Best Actor , a Special Jury Mention and a Special Jury Award for acting, and an award for Best Feature Film (as producer), also nine Kerala State Film Awards and Filmfare Awards South and numerous other accolades . He received honorary doctorates from Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit in 2010 and
15664-755: The UAE in four weeks and $ 10,851 from New Zealand in two weeks. Three week gross in New Zealand was NZ$ 14,875. Pranav won the Best Debut Actor award at the 8th South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA). Lena also won the SIIMA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. Anusree won the award for Best Character Actress at the 21st Asianet Film Awards . Malayalam Malayalam ( / ˌ m æ l ə ˈ j ɑː l ə m / ; മലയാളം , Malayāḷam , IPA: [mɐlɐjaːɭɐm] )
15840-583: The Vatteluttu script, which was extended with Grantha script letters to adopt Indo-Aryan loanwords. It bears high similarity with the Tigalari script , a historical script that was used to write the Tulu language in South Canara , and Sanskrit in the adjacent Malabar region . The modern Malayalam grammar is based on the book Kerala Panineeyam written by A. R. Raja Raja Varma in late 19th century CE. The first travelogue in any Indian language
16016-556: The act was canceled. The event was jointly organized by the Kerala Police , Department of Tourism , and the Kerala State Youth Welfare Board as part of Vismayam 2008 , an international convention of magicians. The stunt involved Mohanlal being handcuffed and wrapped in chains, placed inside a box, and thrown into a ball of fire from which he had to escape. Magician Samraj advised Mohanlal against
16192-436: The amount which he received, since it was meant to meet the stage expenses and remuneration for the artistes. Despite that, Mohanlal did not take back the money he dispatched. In 2015, he collaborated once again with Mukesh for Naga , but this time as the narrator. The play, based on Girish Karnad 's Kannada play Nagamandala , was directed by Suveeran . Naga was a combination of myth, superstition, fact, and fantasy. It
16368-512: The antagonist. He continued to do villainous roles and rose to secondary lead roles in the following years. By the mid-1980s, he established himself as a bankable leading actor and attained stardom after starring in several successful films in 1986; the crime drama Rajavinte Makan released that year heightened his stardom. Mohanlal prefers to work in Malayalam films, but he has also appeared in some of Hindi , Tamil , Telugu and Kannada films. Some of his best known non-Malayalam films include
16544-456: The authoritative Malayalam lexicon, the other principal languages whose vocabulary was incorporated over the ages were Arabic , Dutch , Hindustani , Pali , Persian , Portuguese , Prakrit , and Syriac . Malayalam is a language spoken by the native people of southwestern India and the islands of Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea . According to the Indian census of 2011, there were 32,413,213 speakers of Malayalam in Kerala, making up 93.2% of
16720-533: The authorship of the medieval work Keralolpathi , which describes the Parashurama legend and the departure of the final Cheraman Perumal king to Mecca , to Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan. Kunchan Nambiar introduced a new literary form called Thullal , and Unnayi Variyar introduced reforms in Attakkatha literature . The printing, prose literature, and Malayalam journalism , developed after
16896-474: The best feature film award in 67th National Award for the year 2019. The film released on 2 December 2021, in theatres. Mohanlal starred in the thriller film Drishyam 2 , directed by Jeethu Joseph , which released in February 2021. He starred in Aaraattu , produced and directed by B. Unnikrishnan and released in theatres on 18 February 2022 to a mixed response and low box office returns. His solo role in
17072-581: The bid on failing to source enough funds after a change in rules was introduced. Mohanlal was the captain of the Kerala Strikers team in the Celebrity Cricket League (CCL) held in 2012 and 2013. In 2008, Mohanlal underwent 18 months of covert escape artist training under magician Gopinath Muthukad to perform a stunt called the "Burning Illusion" in Thiruvananthapuram . However, due to pressure from fans and contemporaries,
17248-477: The bounty Reddy has placed on him. Sharath also tells him that he will help him as Reddy has caused ill fates to his family, and is the sole reason why his family is this way. Sharath agrees to help him and his sister Jaya approves of that. Sharath takes help from his friend Mani Annan and decides to plot an escape plan, all to go to waste. Aadhi meets up with his dad at Sharath's home and decides to go abroad. He takes refuge in an abandoned factory until his escape plan
17424-401: The box office gross in Malayalam cinema. The Hindu wrote that "Malayalam cinema revolves around them and scripts are written keeping their age and image in mind", they played larger-than-life characters with distinctive style of attire, dialogues, dance, and fight sequences. Mohanlal's many fan clubs which are present throughout Kerala help in creating a buzz around new releases and ensure
17600-466: The calls. He overhears the call and confirms Aadhi's location, and goes with some goons to get done with Aadhi. Aadhi somehow escapes from them and interprets that Jayakrishnan has been tapping his phone calls. Jayakrishnan, having learned of Sharath's role in Aadhi's hideout, captures him and murders him before Sharath discloses Jayakrishnan's role in the death of Reddy's son. This creates a stir, and Aadhi
17776-408: The cinematographer, while Anil Johnson as music composer. Pranav plays Aadhi, an urban youth who loves music and aspires to become a music director. Although Pranav was described about his character, Jeethu gave him freedom to mould the character accordingly. In August 2017, Siddique , Sharaf U Dheen , and Siju Wilson were confirmed in prominent roles. Initially Sunny Wayne was signed for
17952-483: The combination of the writer Lohitha Das and director Sibi Malayil created the character Sethumadhavan, a person who dreams of becoming a police officer, but ends up as a criminal, in the tragedy Kireedam . The role earned Mohanlal a National Film Special Jury Mention . Mohanlal later recalled that his portrayal of Sethumadhavan's mental agony, commended as a natural performance, was spontaneous and that he "did what Sethumadhavan, my character, would have done in such
18128-451: The critics. His first Malayalam release was with a cameo appearance in Rasam . Ennum Eppozhum , directed by Sathyan Anthikad was his first leading role in the year, co-starring Manju Warrier . The film was a success at the box office. It was followed by the action thriller Lailaa O Lailaa , directed by Joshiy, both of which failed critically and commercially at the box office. His next
18304-411: The development of the two languages out of "Proto-Dravidian" or "Proto-Tamil-Malayalam" either in the prehistoric period or in the middle of the first millennium A.D. , although this is generally rejected by historical linguists. The Quilon Syrian copper plates of 849/850 CE are considered by some to be the oldest available inscription written in Old Malayalam . However, the existence of Old Malayalam
18480-507: The early Middle Tamil period, thus making independent descent impossible. For example, Old Tamil lacks the first and second person plural pronouns with the ending kaḷ . It is in the Early Middle Tamil stage that kaḷ first appears: Indeed, most features of Malayalam morphology are derivable from a form of speech corresponding to early Middle Tamil. Robert Caldwell , in his 1856 book " A Comparative Grammar of
18656-513: The early 19th century CE. The earliest extant literary works in the regional language of present-day Kerala probably date back to as early as the 12th century . At that time, the language was differentiated by the name Kerala Bhasha . The earliest mention of Malayalam as a language is found outside of Kerala in the 15th century Telugu work Śrībhīmēśvarapurāṇamu by Śrīnātha. The distinctive "Malayalam" named identity of this language appears to have come into existence in Kerala only around
18832-474: The end of March 2017, Jeethu said he was working on the script and hoped to start filming by June, with the rest of the cast finalizing after the first draft is prepared. In early May, Jeethu confirmed that the first draft was complete and they were about to enter pre-production, with the filming planned to begin in the second half of 2017. In mid-May he stated that he is still working on the screenplay. In early July 2017, Jeethu said he intended to start filming by
19008-409: The end of that month. For the film, Pranav trained in parkour. The title Aadhi along with an animated digital poster were revealed on 5 July at the puja function of the film held at hotel Vivanta by Taj in Thycaud, Thiruvananthapuram . The venue was shared with the puja of Aashirvad Cinemas's Odiyan . Aadhi is billed with the tagline, "some lies can be deadly". Satheesh Kurup was signed as
19184-533: The end of the month. In early September, Jeethu said the crew had already filmed two songs of the three songs. The unit finished filming in Bangalore and shifted to Hyderabad earlier than scheduled due to rain. Filming began at Ramoji Film City in Hyderabad from 3 September; the scenes including an office, a building, a club, and a dance bar had originally been planned for Bangalore but were shot in Ramoji Film City instead. The schedule in Ramoji Film City
19360-433: The explosion on the 10th floor. On 30 September 2016, Mohanlal announced that his son Pranav Mohanlal would be acting in a film directed by Jeethu Joseph and produced by Aashirvad Cinemas , which would be a thriller. The film marks the return of Pranav as an actor, who had earlier appeared as child actor. He had worked with Jeethu as an assistant director in two films— Papanasam and Life of Josutty . The project
19536-437: The film as an action movie and a thriller, but it will not resemble a thriller like his 2013 film Memories . Jeethu had developed the story idea during his college education. His protagonist was a marathon or cross country runner , whose athletic skills aid him in the story. For the film, it was changed to parkour since Pranav had learned it during his academic life. The entire plot takes place within one week or 10 days. By
19712-478: The film as an example of ignorance by Malayali towards global economic changes during the inauguration of the Global Investor Meet held at Kochi on 18 January 2003. In 1989, he starred in another one of Padmarajan's movies; Season . In the early 1990s, Mohanlal acted in a number of commercial films, such as His Highness Abdullah , Midhunam and No.20 Madras Mail . His Highness Abdullah
19888-784: The film grossed $ 42,907 (₹32.19 lakh) from 38 screens in the United States and £2,666 from two theatres in the United Kingdom. It collected £25,583 (₹23.19 lakh) from 94 screens in the UK in the second week. In four weeks, the film grossed $ 85,982 (₹55.98 lakh) in the US and £50,571 (₹45.34 lakh) in the UK. In the opening weekend (15–18 February), it grossed $ 403,843 from 41 screens in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)—second best opener of that weekend (behind Black Panther ) and $ 9,557 from 3 screens in New Zealand. It collected $ 526,393 from
20064-405: The film was composed by Anil Johnson . The principal photography took place between August and November 2017 in Kochi , Bangalore , and Hyderabad . Aadhi was released in India on 26 January 2018 and met with positive response. The film was a major commercial success, becoming one of the highest-grossing Malayalam films of 2018 . Aadhi aspires to become a music director in cinema who
20240-707: The film was not released on time. It took 25 years to release the film. In 1980, Mohanlal was cast in the lead antagonist role in Manjil Virinja Pookkal – the directorial debut of Fazil . The film became a major success. Mohanlal's friends had sent his application in response to an advertisement released by Navodaya Studio . He auditioned for the role in front of a panel that included professional directors. Displeased with his appearance, two of them gave him poor marks, but Fazil and Jijo Appachan gave him 90 and 95 marks out of 100. In an interview with Reader's Digest in 2004, Mohanlal said that his looks as
20416-529: The first actor in India to be awarded the honorary rank of lieutenant colonel in the Territorial Army . Mohanlal was named as one of "the men who changed the face of the Indian Cinema" by CNN . Mohanlal made his acting debut at age 18 in the Malayalam film Thiranottam in 1978, but the film was delayed in its release for 25 years due to censorship issues. His screen debut was in the 1980 romance film Manjil Virinja Pookkal , in which he played
20592-625: The great masters", such as G. Aravindan , Hariharan , M. T. Vasudevan Nair , Padmarajan , Bharathan and Lohithadas . Mohanlal, along with actor and scriptwriter Sreenivasan , who played his sidekick in several films, showcased the angst of unemployed, educated Malayali youth forced to adapt to hostile environments in many realistic social satires, some of which were written by Sreenivasan himself. In 1986, he starred in T. P. Balagopalan M.A. , directed by Sathyan Anthikad , for which he received his first Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor . He portrayed an unemployed young man who shoulders
20768-441: The guards before he could rappel out and Siddhu gets down to kill him. Before Siddhu could shoot him, it is revealed that the 10th-floor exit was an escape plan, and Aadhi performs a Dülfersitz just before Ebin turns the fire alarm on, to shower gasoline on them. Aadhi throws a lighter and escapes out in the ensuing explosion. Reddy recovers, and it is revealed that Aadhi is set free, and Jayakrishnan and Siddhu were killed because of
20944-402: The highest-grossing Malayalam film ever, until 2016. In 2014, he starred in the Tamil action-drama Jilla , alongside Vijay , directed by R. T. Neason and produced by R. B. Choudary . The film was a commercial success, grossing over ₹ 85 crore worldwide, and completed 100 days theatrical run in Chennai , Tamil Nadu. Mohanlal's first Malayalam release of 2014 was Mr. Fraud ,
21120-654: The highest-grossing Malayalam film of the time. In 1991, Mohanlal produced and starred in Bharatham , which is interpreted as a modern-day adaptation of the Ramayana from Bharath 's perspective. The film was a critical and commercial success, with his role as a Carnatic singer who is burdened by a jealous brother, earning him the National Film Award for Best Actor for that year. His role in Bharatham
21296-480: The highest-grossing Malayalam films of the year. In August that year, he appeared in his second Bollywood film Aag , (also called Ram Gopal Varma Ki Aag ), a remake of the Bollywood classic Sholay (1975). Mohanlal reprised the role played by Sanjeev Kumar from the original. In 2008, Mohanlal did the lead role in the multi-starrer blockbuster Twenty:20 and in 2009, he co-starred with Kamal Haasan in
21472-540: The highest-grossing Telugu films ever, with a gross collection of over ₹ 135 crores worldwide. His first Malayalam release that year was the Priyadarshan -directed crime-thriller Oppam , in which he played a blind man. The film became the highest-grossing Malayalam film of 2016 within its first 2 weeks of theatrical run. It crossed the ₹ 50 crore mark at the box office within one-and-a-half months, and grossed over ₹ 65 crore worldwide. He acted as
21648-461: The increasing habit of alcoholism in Kerala . The film was exempted from the entertainment tax by the state government for creating social awareness in the society. The film completed a 125-day theatrical run in Kerala and became a commercial success. Run Baby Run , released during the Onam festival, was a comedy thriller directed by Joshiy . It featured the news media as the background. The film
21824-502: The large populations of Malayali expatriates there. They are a significant population in each city in India including Mumbai , Bengaluru , Chennai , Delhi , Hyderabad etc. The origin of Malayalam remains a matter of dispute among scholars. The mainstream view holds that Malayalam descends from a western coastal dialect of early Middle Tamil and separated from it sometime between the 9th and 13th centuries. A second view argues for
22000-528: The latter-half of the 18th century CE. Modern literary movements in Malayalam literature began in the late 19th century with the rise of the famous Modern Triumvirate consisting of Kumaran Asan , Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer and Vallathol Narayana Menon . In the second half of the 20th century, Jnanpith winning poets and writers like G. Sankara Kurup , S. K. Pottekkatt , Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai , M. T. Vasudevan Nair , O. N. V. Kurup , and Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri , had made valuable contributions to
22176-507: The leading man falling in love with a second woman immediately after he is rejected by the first, and of a man falling in love with a sex worker. The romantic comedy Chithram , released in 1988, played for 366 days in a theatre, becoming the longest-running Malayalam film. Mohanlal won a Kerala State Special Jury Award in 1988 for his acting in Padamudra , Aryan , Vellanakalude Nadu , Ulsavapittennu and Chithram . In 1989,
22352-576: The legend of the Odiyan clan. The next film he acted in was Lucifer directed by Prithviraj Sukumaran and written by Murali Gopy which grossed ₹ 175 crore at the box office It is currently the highest earned Malayalam movie, grossing over ₹200 crore, which includes box office collections and the earnings from the sale of its satellite rights, digital streaming rights and TV rights in other languages. Mohanlal's period drama film Marakkar: Arabikadalinte Simham , directed by Priyadarshan won
22528-468: The modern Malayalam literature . The Middle Malayalam was succeeded by Modern Malayalam ( Aadhunika Malayalam ) by 15th century CE. The poem Krishnagatha written by Cherusseri Namboothiri , who was the court poet of the king Udaya Varman Kolathiri (1446–1475) of Kolathunadu , is written in modern Malayalam. The language used in Krishnagatha is the modern spoken form of Malayalam. During
22704-664: The modern Malayalam script does not distinguish the latter from the dental nasal ) are underlined for clarity, following the convention of the National Library at Kolkata romanization . Vocative forms are given in parentheses after the nominative , as the only pronominal vocatives that are used are the third person ones, which only occur in compounds. വിഭക്തി സംബോധന പ്രതിഗ്രാഹിക സംബന്ധിക ഉദ്ദേശിക പ്രായോജിക ആധാരിക സംയോജിക Mohanlal Mohanlal Viswanathan ( IPA: [moːhɐnlaːl ʋiʃʋʷɐn̪aːt̪ʰɐn] ; born 21 May 1960)), known mononymously as Mohanlal ,
22880-399: The modern Malayalam literature. The life and works of Edasseri Govindan Nair have assumed greater socio-literary significance after his death and Edasseri is now recognised as an important poet of Malayalam. Later, writers like O. V. Vijayan , Kamaladas , M. Mukundan , Arundhati Roy , and Vaikom Muhammed Basheer , have gained international recognition. Malayalam has also borrowed
23056-446: The music band Lalisom - The Lal Effect. Its maiden show was at the 2015 National Games of India . The band drew flak from social media initially for charging an amount of ₹ 1.63 crore and later for lip-syncing . Following the criticism, Mohanlal returned the amount to the government, which they refused stating that the government's morality would not allow them to take back the money and Mohanlal had not personally benefited from
23232-399: The next two days. Pranav was injured while breaking glass for a scene. While performing an action scene in Kochi, Pranav's finger bruised and bled; he was taken to a hospital and was prescribed two days' rest. The crew had only three days of filming left and were about to return to Hyderabad for the weekend. Since the upcoming action scenes require many hand movements, filming was postponed to
23408-424: The next week. They were permitted to shoot only at weekends. When the first poster of the film was released on 4 November, Jeethu wrote on his social networking page that the final phase of filming was progressing in Hyderabad. Filming was wrapped on 8 November 2017. Anil Johnson composed the music for the film, it features three songs. Besides acting, Pranav made his debut as a playback singer and songwriter with
23584-673: The northernmost Kasargod district of Kerala. Tigalari script was also used for writing Sanskrit in Malabar region . Malayalam has also borrowed the Sanskrit diphthongs of /ai̯/ (represented in Malayalam as ഐ , ai) and /au̯/ (represented in Malayalam as ഔ , au) although these mostly occur only in Sanskrit loanwords. Traditionally (as in Sanskrit), four vocalic consonants (usually pronounced in Malayalam as consonants followed by
23760-643: The parameters of region, religion, community, occupation, social stratum, style and register. According to the Dravidian Encyclopedia, the regional dialects of Malayalam can be divided into fifteen dialect areas. They are as follows: According to Ethnologue, the dialects are: Malabar, Nagari-Malayalam, North Kerala, Central Kerala, South Kerala, Kayavar, Namboodiri , Nair , Mappila , Beary , Jeseri , Yerava , Pulaya, Nasrani , and Kasargod . The community dialects are: Namboodiri , Nair , Arabi Malayalam , Pulaya, and Nasrani . Whereas both
23936-586: The people of Kerala usually referred to their language as "Tamil", and both terms overlapped into the colonial period . Due to the geographical isolation of the Malabar Coast from the rest of the Indian peninsula due to the presence of the Western Ghats mountain ranges which lie parallel to the coast, the dialect of Old Tamil spoken in Kerala was different from that spoken in Tamil Nadu . The mainstream view holds that Malayalam began to grow as
24112-625: The play, the theme revolves around Karna. It is almost like a solo performance. Some of the scenes are really touching and challenging". He acted without payment, saying: "I performed for the joy of it ... for my love of our history". Kadhayattam was a presentation enacted by Mohanlal, performing ten classic characters and situations from Malayalam literature , selected from ten Malayalam novels written by O. Chandu Menon , C. V. Raman Pillai , S. K. Pottekkatt , Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai , P. Kesavadev , Vaikom Muhammad Basheer , Uroob , O. V. Vijayan , M. Mukundan , and M. T. Vasudevan Nair over
24288-406: The ploy. Jayakrishnan soon comes and shoots Reddy, and leaves him for dead, and along with Siddharth, aka Siddhu discloses them as partners intending on killing Reddy and taking his wealth. Siddhu never intended on sharing and turns on Jayakrishnan and kills him and moves to kill Aadhi and Anjana as well. Aadhi makes a quick run for it and reaches the 10th floor of the building. Aadhi is taken out by
24464-571: The popularity of Mohanlal and Mammootty, who possess "a rare and right mixture of charisma and acting ability". In 1988, filmmaker Fazil stated that, "Mohanlal is the most flexible and subtle actor in the country today. He can do what Dustin Hoffman did in Tootsie or Silvester Stallone did in Rambo with ease". In 2005, the films of Mohanlal, Mammootty, and Dileep accounted for 95 percent of
24640-410: The possible literary works of Old Malayalam found so far. Old Malayalam gradually developed into Middle Malayalam ( Madhyakaala Malayalam ) by the 13th century CE. Malayalam literature also completely diverged from Tamil literature during this period. Works including Unniyachi Charitham , Unnichiruthevi Charitham , and Unniyadi Charitham , are written in Middle Malayalam , and date back to
24816-500: The prehistoric period from a common ancestor, "Proto-Tamil-Malayalam", and that the notion of Malayalam being a "daughter" of Tamil is misplaced. This is based on the fact that Malayalam and several Dravidian languages on the Western Coast have common archaic features which are not found even in the oldest historical forms of literary Tamil. Despite this, Malayalam shares many common innovations with Tamil that emerged during
24992-588: The responsibility of his family. His performance in Sanmanassullavarkku Samadhanam as a harassed house-owner won him the Filmfare Award for Best Actor (Malayalam) in the same year. Mohanlal was given the status of a new Malayalam superstar by the public after the box office success of Rajavinte Makan (1986), in which he played an underworld don , Vincent Gomez. He also starred in the tragedy Thalavattom , playing Vinod,
25168-570: The security cam footage of the building and thereby get to Reddy's office. He also uses Anjana to devise a plan so that Jayakrishnan stays out of the office and passes information that he is going to meet Reddy at an event outside his office late one day. Jayakrishnan leaves the office soon. Aadhi gets inside the office through the service exit, and Anjana through the front door, which alerts Jayakrishnan, who returns soon after. Meanwhile, Aadhi and Anjana reach Reddy's office, only for Reddy to attack Aadhi, who later convinces Reddy of Jayakrishnan's part in
25344-545: The single largest linguistic group accounting for 35.5% in the Virajpet Taluk. Around one-third of the Malayalis in Kodagu district speak the Yerava dialect according to the 2011 census, which is native to Kodagu and Wayanad . In all, Malayalis made up 3.22% of the total Indian population in 2011. Of the total 34,713,130 Malayalam speakers in India in 2011, 33,015,420 spoke the standard dialects, 19,643 spoke
25520-582: The southwestern coast of the Indian peninsula, which also means The land of hills . The term originally referred to the western hilly land of the Chera dynasty (later Zamorins and the Kingdom of Cochin ), Kingdom of Ezhimala (later Kolathunadu ), and Ay kingdom (later Travancore ), and only later became the name of its language. The language Malayalam was alternatively called Alealum , Malayalani , Malayali , Malabari , Malean , Maliyad , Mallealle , and Kerala Bhasha until
25696-490: The standard dialects, 19,643 spoke the Yerava dialect and 31,329 spoke non-standard regional variations like Eranadan . The dialects of Malayalam spoken in the districts like Kasaragod , Kannur , Wayanad , Kozhikode , and Malappuram in the former Malabar District have few influences from Kannada . For example, the words those start with the sound "V" in Malayalam become "B" in these districts as in Kannada . Also
25872-403: The story, and want to enjoy a mix of Mohanlal nostalgia, stunts and the genuine efforts of a newbie actor to breathe life into his debut character." The film was a commercial success at the box office, becoming one of the highest-grossing Malayalam films of the year. It grossed ₹ 50 Crore from the box office worldwide and ran over 100 days in theatres. In the opening weekend (9–11 February),
26048-440: The stunt and requesting that he withdraw. AMMA president Innocent also urged Mohanlal to refrain from the risky show. The purpose of the stunt was to inspire youth to overcome challenges in life. Mohanlal acknowledged the 50-50 risk involved but expressed hope for success. Muthukad emphasized that, although fire escape is one of the most dangerous acts, Mohanlal has been practicing to perfect it. In 2014, Mohanlal performed
26224-408: The top Indian actors with highest box office receipts in the year, and in top position among South Indian actors. His first release in the year was the Telugu film Manamantha , a family drama directed by Chandra Sekhar Yeleti . His following release was another Telugu film Janatha Garage , an action drama directed by Koratala Siva . It became the highest-grossing Telugu film of 2016 and one of
26400-590: The total number of Malayalam speakers in India, and 97.03% of the total population of the state. There were a further 701,673 (1.14% of the total number) in Karnataka , 957,705 (2.70%) in Tamil Nadu , and 406,358 (1.2%) in Maharashtra . The number of Malayalam speakers in Lakshadweep is 51,100, which is only 0.15% of the total number, but is as much as about 84% of the population of Lakshadweep. Malayalam
26576-460: The year. His Vishu (April) release was China Town , another multi-starrer in which he co-starred with Jayaram and Dileep , which was a comedy film directed by Rafi Mecartin . Despite mixed reviews, the film ran over 100 days and became one of the highest grossing Malayalam films of the year. He starred in Pranayam , released in August, an off-beat romantic drama directed by Blessy . It
26752-414: Was green-lit a few days before the announcement when Jeethu had a discussion with Pranav. After learning Pranav wanted to return to acting, Jeethu approached him with an abstract idea of a film and received positive feedback. Jeethu was in charge of writing; he had completed the story by the time of the announcement and had begun writing the screenplay, intending it to be his next directorial. He described
26928-461: Was a comical racy entertainer released in May. Oru Naal Varum , directed by T. K Rajeev Kumar , scripted by Sreenivasan and produced by Maniyanpilla Raju , was a social satire about corruption in India . It reunited the much-adored classic combo of Mohanlal- Sreenivasan onscreen. His next film was Shikkar , a dark revenge thriller directed by M. Padmakumar , in which he played a lorry driver who
27104-409: Was a film based on the 1971 India-Pakistan war. The next film he acted in was Velipadinte Pusthakam directed by Lal Jose . It was the first film of Mohanlal-Laljose combo. It was followed by Villain directed by B. Unnikrishnan . Villain was an emotional thriller. Next year he acted in fantasy drama film Odiyan , directed by V. A. Shrikumar Menon . The film was written by Harikrishnan; it is based on
27280-491: Was a love story between three aged characters played by Mohanlal, Anupam Kher and Jayapradha . The film was highly acclaimed by critics and Mohanlal's performance as Mathews was well appreciated. His next film Snehaveedu , was directed by Sathyan Anthikkadu , a family film in the background of a village in Palakkad . For the first time, actress Sheela shared screen space with Mohanlal. She played his mother. Snehaveedu
27456-471: Was adamant that he should not bear their caste name ( Nair ) as surname which they all had. Mohanlal grew up in Mudavanmugal at his paternal home in Thiruvananthapuram . He studied at Government Model Boys Higher Secondary School , Thiruvananthapuram and graduated with a Bachelor of Commerce degree from Mahatma Gandhi College , Thiruvananthapuram . Mohanlal's first role was as a sixth grader for
27632-439: Was also heavily influenced by the Tigalari script , which was used to write Sanskrit , due to the influence of Tuluva Brahmins in Kerala. The language used in the Arabi Malayalam works of the 16th–17th century CE is a mixture of Modern Malayalam and Arabic . They follow the syntax of modern Malayalam, though written in a modified form of Arabic script , which is known as Arabi Malayalam script . P. Shangunny Menon ascribes
27808-610: Was appointed as the goodwill ambassador of Kerala State Athletics by the Kerala State Athletics Association. In March 2010, Mohanlal accepted the plea of the Department of Industries and Commerce of the Government of Kerala to be designated as the goodwill ambassador of Kerala's handloom industries. In July 2015, the Government of Kerala made him the Goodwill ambassador of "Subhayatra 2015",
27984-482: Was expected to finish by October and the film would have an extensive post-production. In early November 2017, Jeethu stated they had a few more days of filming left but had already begun the post-production work to ensure a release by the end of January 2018. Release date was confirmed in December 2017. Aadhi released in India on 26 January 2018. Aadhi opened to positive response from critics. Anna M. M. Vetticad of Firstpost rated 3.5/5 stars and wrote " Aadhi
28160-576: Was highly praised by critics. Mohanlal won his fifth Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor and seventh Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance. In the movie, his character does not speak in the second half. In 2006, he worked with director Sathyan Anthikkad in Rasathanthram , a family drama. Mohanlal also acted in Kirtichakra , by director Major Ravi , in which he plays an Indian Army officer, Major Mahadevan . The film
28336-595: Was listed among the "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian cinema " by Forbes India on the occasion of celebrating 100 years of Indian Cinema. He portrayed a Bharatanatyam dancer in Kamaladalam (1992). He took help from his choreographer and his co-actors and professional dancers Vineeth and Monisha for enacting the dance scenes. Rajashilpi , Sadayam , Yoddha , and Vietnam Colony were his other films released in 1992. The drama Devaasuram (1993), written by Ranjith and directed by I. V. Sasi ,
28512-471: Was one of Mohanlal's most successful films and is regarded as a cult classic . In 1994, Mohanlal starred in the lead role as Dr. Sunny Joseph in the Fazil -directed cult classic Manichitrathazhu , as a psychiatrist. Spadikam was a 1995 work for which he won his third Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor and fifth Filmfare Award for Best Actor (Malayalam) for his portrayal of Thomas "Aadu Thoma" Chacko,
28688-419: Was planned for 20 days. The film also had location shooting in a few streets in Hyderabad. Pranav, Aditi, and Anusree took part in this schedule. Jeethu's spouse Linta Jeethu was the film's costume designer. Pranav received the screenplay early and had several discussions with Jeethu, who said, "because he has been through the script so many times, he is able to add his improvisations" and "directing him has been
28864-538: Was premiered at the Parish Hall of St. George Church, Kalady on 9 August 2015. Mohanlal has been a goodwill ambassador for the government and other nonprofit organisations , mainly for public service ads and humanitarian causes. In March 2007, he was made the goodwill ambassador of the AIDS awareness campaign by Kerala AIDS Control Society, for which he acted in short awareness videos. In October 2009, Mohanlal
29040-429: Was renewed after its rebranding in 2014. In July 2010, LG Electronics India enlisted Mohanlal for the endorsement of the brand's Onam festival offers for Kerala customers lasting till September 2010. In the same year, he was signed as the brand ambassador in the state for Manappuram Finance Ltd. , a non-banking financial company . Mohanlal endorsed the coconut oil brand KLF Coconad in 2013. In September 2013,
29216-457: Was seen playing a guitar in the scene stills taken on the day. Early in this schedule, some scenes were filmed inside a studio near Pathadipalam in Kochi, inside which a house was created in set . Pranav and Anusree were present in that segment. The first schedule in Kochi continued until 10 August and the second schedule began in Bangalore the following week. The schedule was expected to continue until mid-September and then shift to Hyderabad by
29392-604: Was selected for the competitive section at the Cannes Film Festival and his performance was critically acclaimed. It also earned him his fourth Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor, second National Film Award for Best Actor and sixth Filmfare Award for Best Actor (Malayalam). Vanaprastham was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the AFI Fest . Vanaprastham was screened in retrospective, during
29568-519: Was shot in Kashmir , and was a notable commercial success. A dubbed Tamil version of the film was released in Tamil Nadu as Aran , but Mohanlal disassociated himself with the film since his voice was not used, stating that "I prefer to speak for my role in the film." Mohanlal also acted in the sequels Kurukshetra (2008) and Kandahar (2010) in the Major Mahadevan series. In 2009,
29744-442: Was the B. Unnikrishnan -directorial Grandmaster , a neo-noir crime thriller about a cop who is forced to investigate a series of murders. Mohanlal's well-tempered, calm and subdued acting was appreciated by the critics. Produced by UTV Motion Pictures , it was the first Malayalam film to be released through Netflix , and made available in the United States and Canada . Spirit , directed by Ranjith , talked about
29920-422: Was the Ranjith directorial thriller Loham . Though it met with mixed critical reactions, the film was a commercial success. The revenge thriller Kanal was his last in the year. It also received mixed reviews from critics. In 2016, Mohanlal had four releases, which had a combined gross collection of ₹ 378 crore worldwide, making him fourth (behind Aamir Khan , Akshay Kumar , and Salman Khan ) among
30096-433: Was the first movie star in India to endorse the ubiquitous dhoti after he was made the brand ambassador of MCR in 2001. MCR manufactured 30,000 coloured dhotis which had been featured in the film Narasimham (2000), which was a market success. He continues to be the chief brand ambassador of MCR. Mohanlal signed as the brand ambassador of Kanan Devan in 2002, a tea brand owned by the Tata Global Beverages . His contract
30272-419: Was the first independent production of Mohanlal under his company Pranavam Arts International . Mohanlal appeared in Bharathan's Thazhvaram in 1990, as a widower seeking revenge for the murder of his wife by his most trusted friend. His romantic comedy Kilukkam in 1991 won him a State Film Award for Best Actor. The film is considered one of the greatest comedy films of all time in Malayalam. It also became
30448-439: Was the most spoken language in erstwhile Gudalur taluk (now Gudalur and Panthalur taluks) of Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu which accounts for 48.8% population and it was the second most spoken language in Mangalore and Puttur taluks of South Canara accounting for 21.2% and 15.4% respectively according to 1951 census report. 25.57% of the total population in the Kodagu district of Karnataka are Malayalis , and they form
30624-414: Was the much hyped big-budget romantic thriller film Casanovva , directed by Rosshan Andrrews and written by Bobby-Sanjay . He enacted the role of Casanova, a serial womaniser and the owner of Casanova's Eternal Spring – an international chain of flower boutiques. Later, he appeared in a cameo role in the Bollywood movie Tezz , which was released in April and directed by Priyadarshan . His next film
30800-403: Was the multi-starrer Christian Brothers , an action drama directed by Joshiy and scripted by Udayakrishna-Siby K. Thomas , in which he co-starred with Suresh Gopi , Dileep and Sarath Kumar . Released worldwide in March across 300 screens, which was the largest release for a Malayalam film at the time, this racy film was a commercial success and one of the top grossing Malayalam films of
30976-429: Was well appreciated by critics, remarking that it was as an example of a well-crafted thriller. It became one of the highest-grossing Malayalam films of the year. The year ended with the Christmas release Karmayodha , directed by Major Ravi , an action thriller in which he played Mad Maddy, an encounter specialist who is assigned to investigate the disappearance of a teenage school girl in Mumbai . The film dealt with
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