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134-545: Europa-Park is a theme park in Rust, Baden-Württemberg , Germany. Covering a total area of 95 hectares , twenty themed areas offer around a hundred attractions, including shows and fourteen roller coasters . The park also includes six hotels, a camping site, a tepee village, a cinema and a conference center. According to the AECOM Theme Index 2020, Europa-Park is ranked 19th out of the 25 most visited theme parks in

268-460: A token ). The cost of the attraction is often based on its complexity or popularity. For example, a guest might pay one ticket to ride a carousel but four tickets to ride a roller coaster . The park may allow guests to purchase a pass providing unlimited admissions to all attractions within the park for a specified duration of time. A wristband or pass is then shown at the attraction entrance to gain admission. Disneyland opened in 1955 using

402-453: A big sphere which is designed with special effects that create the illusion of a night flight over Paris ; it was inspired by the style of Moulin Rouge . Euro-Mir and Eurosat are among the few roller coasters in the world that have a drum lift to move the coaster cars upwards. The ascent in a drum lift runs on spirally laid rails, in the middle of which there is a rotating body. At the bottom of

536-530: A blaze of lights from the "White City." To make sure that the fair was a financial success, the planners included a dedicated amusement concessions area called the Midway Plaisance . Rides from this fair captured the imagination of the visitors and of amusement parks around the world, such as the first steel Ferris wheel , which was found in many other amusement areas, such as the Prater by 1896. Also,

670-427: A boat in a water channel or a wagon on a track, which transport the visitors into strange worlds and sceneries with the help of computer-controlled animated puppets (so-called animatronics ) or media based content. In detail, the park offers: Kraftwerk Living Technologies Europa-Park hosts dozens of events throughout the summer season and several events during the winter season. Midsommar event: During this event,

804-455: A carnival atmosphere. In 1952, he created WED Enterprises to design the park, which was now to be built in Anaheim, and in 1953, was able to convince the bankers on funding the park with the help of a studio artist, Herb Ryman, by making an aerial drawing of Disneyland. By July 1954, construction had started with a deadline of one year. Disneyland opened on July 17, 1955, and two months after

938-463: A continuous increase of visitors the following years, in 2011, the park counted 4.5 million visitors, and by 2012 the park encompassed an area of 90 hectares (220 acres), featuring eleven roller-coasters, five themed hotels with a turnover of close to EUR 300 million and more than 3,000 employees. In 2012, the water park project Rulantica was initiated. Two years later, the Rulantica brand

1072-710: A few hot spots, the fire was mostly extinguished and the park reopened the very next morning. Only the destroyed Pirates of Batavia ride, a restaurant, a theatre, a few shops, the fjørd ride, as well as the neighboring attraction Koffiekopjes , remained closed for refurbishment. On 6 June 2018, the Offenburg police stated that the fire broke out due to a technical failure in the fjørd water ride. The Scandinavian village area and Pirates Batavia ride were both rebuilt based on their original designs with certain additions and modernizations, and reopened in July 2020. Further, in 2019

1206-477: A fire broke out in a control room. It was believed to be caused by corroded wiring. The fire caused the park to be evacuated and drew 450 firefighters and emergency personnel to the scene. The blaze was brought under control with only two firefighters lightly injured, and the park reopened the next day. On 26 April 2024, Voltron Nevera opened to the public. This roller coaster is located in the Croatian area, which

1340-596: A maximum velocity of 110 km/h (68 mph), is 38 metres (125 ft) high and 1,056 metres (3,465 ft) long. In 2012, the first wooden rollercoaster Wodan - Timburcoaster opened. A special feature of this roller coaster is that it crosses paths with the Blue Fire Megacoaster and the Atlantic Supersplash water coaster. The range of rides is supplemented by several water rides, carousels, and themed rides. The latter are rides with

1474-446: A pleasure ride of flying carriages that revolved around a central pylon. Other rides included the 'Grotto' (a fantasy ride), 'River Caves' (a scenic railway ), water chutes and a tobogganing tower. Fire was a constant threat in those days, as much of the construction within the amusement parks of the era was wooden. In 1911, Dreamland was the first Coney Island amusement park to completely burn down; in 1944, Luna Park also burned to

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1608-469: A proper theme park. That same year, SeaWorld San Diego opened and displayed many varieties of aquatic and marine life. Initially meant to house Walt Disney's dream idea, EPCOT (Experimental Prototype Community Of Tomorrow), Disney executives decided to settle on building the park first in Walt Disney World and the city later. After six years of construction, Walt Disney World opened to

1742-452: A publicly accessible airfield in the 1990s, the 910 metre asphalt runway (02-20) is only available to resident aeroclubs and to aircraft that have obtained prior permission from the operator. Airports in the vicinity are: Flughafen Lahr in Lahr (EDTL) and, with scheduled traffic, Strasbourg-Entzheim ( LFST ) and Baden-Söllingen ( EDSB ). Both, Lahr and Baden-Söllingen had formerly been used by

1876-808: A result of its vast distance from oceans and seas. Winters are cool, sometimes with night frosts. Precipitation mostly falls in summer months. Offenburg has a rich trade and manufacturing sector and is home to a number of well-known brands. Important manufacturing companies based at Offenburg include tesa-Werke Offenburg GmbH (adhesive tapes), Vivil (humbugs and sweets), MEIKO Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG (professional dishwashing systems, cleaning and disinfection technology), Hansgrohe SE (sanitary fittings) and HOBART GmbH (professional kitchen equipment). Besides, there are many other small and medium-sized companies that produce highly specialized top-of-the-line products in their appropriate sector of business. The most important trading company in terms of employees (1,850)

2010-552: A second park or risk losing the land to the French government. The park opened March 16, 2002, with only three rides and California Adventure style theming. However, Hong Kong Disneyland was higher quality than the other black sheep, but still lacked the number of attractions that was needed, just like California Adventure and Walt Disney Studios Park. It opened on September 12, 2005, with only four lands, and had exorbitant wait times on opening day for everything from rides to food. In

2144-535: A size of 1,250 square metres (13,500 sq ft), and the Ballroom Berlin , a room that can be divided in the middle and has a total area of eight hundred square meters. Access is from outside the park to allow independent use. As a special feature, the Ballroom Berlin also has its own foyer, which can also be used as a conference room, as well as direct access from the park. Due to the size of

2278-674: A smaller roller coaster, the Joy Wheel, Miniature Railway, The Whip and the River Caves. A ballroom was constructed on the site of the Skating Rink in 1920 and in 1923 a Variety Cinema was built on the site. Between 1920 and 1935 over £500,000 was invested in the site, constantly adding new rides and facilities and culminating in the construction of the Dreamland Cinema complex in 1934 which stands to this day. Until 2011

2412-795: A source of fantasy and escape from real life. By the early 1900s, hundreds of amusement parks were operating in the United States and Canada. Trolley parks stood outside many cities. Parks like Atlanta's Ponce de Leon and Idora Park, near Youngstown, OH, took passengers to traditionally popular picnic grounds, which by the late 1890s also often included rides like the Giant Swing, Carousel , and Shoot-the-Chutes . These amusement parks were often based on nationally known parks or world's fairs : they had names like Coney Island , White City , Luna Park , or Dreamland . The American Gilded Age was, in fact, amusement parks' Golden Age that reigned until

2546-467: A standalone attraction next to Disney World (especially now as Disney built one in Disney-MGM). So it divided up the segments of its California tour into individual attractions, such as Jaws , Disaster! , and Kongfrontation . Disney-MGM Studios opened it on May 1, 1989, with two major attractions: The Backlot Tour and The Great Movie Ride. The concept for the park started out as an EPCOT pavilion, but

2680-444: A tipi village and caravanning. In the tipi village, there are tipi tents, log cabins and covered wagons as overnight accommodation. They are arranged in a small western village around a lake, where the "Silverlake Saloon" restaurant is located. At Europa-Park Caravanning, visitors have 200 pitches for caravans, motorhomes and tents at their disposal. In addition to numerous smaller halls in the hotels and rooms that are otherwise used by

2814-570: A total square footage of 4 hectares (9.9 acres) of which more than 3.26 hectares (8.1 acres) are indoors. In 2019, before the COVID-19-pandemic , the Europa-Park had over 5.7 million people visiting. Due to the pandemic the park had to shut down operations temporarily. As a result, the park registered significant declines in visitors in 2020 and 2021. On average, in 2020 and 2021, around 2.75 million visitors were counted. In addition,

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2948-461: Is EDEKA Handelsgesellschaft Südwest mbH , the largest German supermarket corporation which has a large regional production, storage and distribution centre in Offenburg. Printus GmbH with approx. 1,600 employees is a stationary wholesaling company. Several subsidiaries or affiliated companies of Markant AG (food and nonfood trade) are based in Offenburg with approx. 600 staff. Hubert Burda Media

3082-508: Is a city in the state of Baden-Württemberg , in south-western Germany . With nearly 60,000 inhabitants (2019), it is the largest city and the administrative capital of the Ortenaukreis . In recent times the remains of Roman settlements have been found within the city's territory. Offenburg was first mentioned in historical documents dating back to 1148. Offenburg had already been declared a Free Imperial City by 1240. In September 1689,

3216-492: Is a contemporary arrangement, designed to combine components of a fair, carnival, and theme park. An early example of an amusement park is the Bartholomew Fair . By the 18th and 19th centuries, they had evolved into places of entertainment for the masses, where the public could view freak shows , acrobatics , conjuring and juggling , take part in competitions and walk through menageries . A wave of innovation in

3350-513: Is one of Germany's largest publishing companies. Together with the affiliated Burda printing works it still employs 1,600 people in Offenburg. Although the prominent position with regard to the number of employees has diminished during the last decades with the emerging of further economic actors in town, the expansion of Franz Burda's printing business after World War II as well as the growth and success of his wife Aenne Burda's Burda Style (formerly: Burda Moden ) have been decisive in developing

3484-595: Is over 100 litres (22 imp gal; 26 US gal). Also a free show was added over the years which is shown twice every evening; since 2022 it includes The Traumatica Circus: Dystopia , and the Vampire's Club . In 2022, Traumatica received a Scare Award for the best European event from the Dutch Scare Network for the second time. Located in the Greek themed area in 2006 and from 2007 to 2011 in

3618-485: Is the 17th themed zone of the park. Europa-Park is operated by Europa-Park GmbH & Co Mack KG . The Mack family has been producing roller coasters and attractions for eight generations since 1880. Managing directors of the park are Roland Mack , his brother Jürgen Mack and Roland Mack's sons Thomas Mack and Michael Mack . In the fiscal year 2020/2021, the operating company generated revenues of EUR 149.665 million and employed around 4'500 people (2022). Further, with

3752-458: Is themed after stories based on the ocean and nautical adventure. It was constructed at a cost of ¥335 billion and opened on September 4, 2001. The park's two signature attractions are a modernized version of 20,000 Leagues Under The Sea and Journey To The Center of The Earth . In the early 90s, Michael Eisner wanted to make Disneyland in the image of Walt Disney World 's resort style. Plans were made for multiple hotels (such as one based on

3886-603: The Blackpool Pleasure Beach ranked among the top free of charge attractions in Britain. Blackpool Pleasure beach was developed continuously, requiring frequent large-scale investments. The construction of many new rides could be counted on. Rides included the Virginia Reel, Whip, Noah's Ark, Big Dipper and Dodgems. In the 1920s the "Casino Building" was built, which remains to this day. In 1923, land

4020-585: The Canadian Forces in Europe and became available for civil use after the end of the Cold War . The combination of an abundance of three well-equipped airports close by, the ever-growing noise sensitivity of residents as well as the necessity for commercial development areas has in 2012 revived discussions to shut down the aerodrome completely. Apart from the primary and secondary schools that are within

4154-960: The Disneyland Resort and Universal Orlando Resort to thrilling coaster parks such as the Six Flags parks and Cedar Fair parks. Countless smaller ventures exist across the United States and around the world. Simpler theme parks directly aimed at smaller children have also emerged, such as Legoland . Examples of amusement parks in shopping malls exist in West Edmonton Mall , Pier 39 and Mall of America . Family fun parks starting as miniature golf courses have begun to grow to include batting cages, go-karts, bumper cars, bumper boats and water slides. Some of these parks have grown to include even roller coasters, and traditional amusement parks now also have these competition areas in addition to their thrill rides. In 2015, theme parks in

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4288-587: The French Zone of Occupation until the creation of the Federal Republic of Germany in May 1949. Since the creation of the Federal Republic, Offenburg has continually developed in size, inhabitants and prosperity. Between 1971 and 1975 eleven adjacent villages were incorporated into the commune of Offenburg and are now an integral part of the city. Offenburg is located approximately 15 km east of

4422-463: The German Alley (1996). In 1991, for the first time the park counted over 2 million visitors. With El Andaluz in 1995, the first hotel in a German theme park was opened. An increase in the length of stay resulting from growing number of attractions in the park led to an increase in the demand for overnight accommodation. In its first year, the hotel was booked to 87% of its capacity. In 1999, it

4556-649: The Grand Floridian Hotel ) and a new west coast version of EPCOT , called WESTCOT. WESTCOT never came to be due to local opposition from residents, rising costs, and the financial fallout of Disneyland Paris. After a corporate retreat in Colorado, Disney executives decided to make a park themed to California so that guests could experience all of California within the confines of the Disneyland Resort and would be built across from Disneyland on its 100-acre parking lot. Disney's California Adventure would be

4690-517: The Ladies Only Festival takes place on one weekend between the months of January and March, when the park is closed for a winter break. On this occasion, the festival connects elements of fitness, dance, health, beauty and wellness. Every year, around 1,400 participants from German-speaking countries attend more than 150 workshops. Miss Germany Pageant: Since 2002, the official election of Miss Germany has taken place every spring in

4824-683: The SeaWorld and Busch Gardens parks also offer educational experiences, with each of the parks housing several thousand animals, fish and other sea life in dozens of attractions and exhibits focusing on animal education. Created in 1977, the Puy du Fou is a much-celebrated theme park in Vendée , France. It is centered around European, French and local history. It received several international prizes. Some theme parks did evolve from more traditional amusement park enterprises, such as Knott's Berry Farm . In

4958-563: The 1860s and 1870s created mechanical rides, such as the steam-powered carousel (built by Thomas Bradshaw, at the Aylsham Fair ), and its derivatives, notably from Frederick Savage of King's Lynn , Norfolk whose fairground machinery was exported all over the world; his "galloping horses" innovation is seen in carousels today. This inaugurated the era of the modern funfair ride, as the working classes were increasingly able to spend their surplus wages on entertainment. The second influence

5092-684: The 1870s along the Connecticut River . The trick was getting the public to the seaside or resort location. For Coney Island in Brooklyn, New York, on the Atlantic Ocean, a horse-drawn streetcar line brought pleasure seekers to the beach beginning in 1829. In 1875, a million passengers rode the Coney Island Railroad , and in 1876 two million visited Coney Island. Hotels and amusements were built to accommodate both

5226-478: The 1920s, Walter Knott and his family sold berries from a roadside stand, which grew to include a restaurant serving fried chicken dinners. Within a few years, lines outside the restaurant were often several hours long. To entertain the waiting crowds, Walter Knott built a Ghost Town in 1940, using buildings relocated from real old west towns such as the Calico, California , ghost town and Prescott, Arizona . In 1968,

5360-630: The 2014 season, Europa-Park premiered their independently produced Halloween musical, Spook Me!. The show was performed in the Teatro baroque theatre, several times during the Halloween celebrations between 2014 and 2017. From 2007 onwards, the park together with Marc Terenzi hosted the Horror Nights for the first time. The project started with the Hell's Inn hotel . The horror house stood in

5494-453: The Casino building to name a few. The Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II during the 1940s saw the decline of the amusement park industry. War caused the affluent urban population to move to the suburbs, television became a source of entertainment, and families went to amusement parks less often. By the 1950s, factors such as urban decay , crime , and even desegregation in

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5628-528: The Dark Arts class with one shop and one restaurant in the former submarine lagoon at Magic Kingdom. She was also displeased with the lack of creative control she had and exited the deal. She went to Universal next and was also displeased with the initial plan to redress the Islands of Adventure's Lost Continent area. To remedy this, J.K Rowling wrestled creative control from Universal and forced them to make

5762-724: The Europa-Park Dome. Dinner Theater: The Europa-Park offers a variety of dinner events on several nights of the year after the amusement park closes. For example, the Dinner Show, the Baden Medieval Banquet as well as the Dinner & Movie. Science Days: Every year the Europa-Park hosts the Science Days. The Science Days are mainly aimed at schoolchildren and teachers, but also at anyone between

5896-538: The Golden Age of roller coasters, being the decade of frenetic building for these rides. In England, Dreamland Margate opened in 1880 with Frederick Savage's carousel the first amusement ride installed. In 1920 the Scenic Railway rollercoaster opened to the public with great success, carrying half a million passengers in its first year. The park also installed other rides common to the time including

6030-413: The Halloween season lasting all October. In the last week of the season, the park organizes a Halloween festival, with fireworks every evening and a special Halloween show program. Specials are the daily Halloween parade with over several dozen artists at noon and the evening parade of night ghosts and goblins. Numerous attractions, shows, and food and beverage facilities adopt a Halloween theme as well. In

6164-484: The Halloween show Mysteria , offering live music, artistic performances, pyrotechnics, and lighting effects. During off years, 30-minute concerts by the Swiss DJ BoBo took the place of the show. Starting in 2011, the show was set in a ghostly castle with the title Mysteria: Castillo Mystico . In 2017, the show was replaced by the fountain and fire show Hellfire Fountains , offered multiple times every evening in

6298-512: The Knott family fenced the farm, charged admission for the first time, and Knott's Berry Farm officially became a theme park. Because of its long history, Knott's Berry Farm currently claims to be "America's First Theme Park." Knott's Berry Farm is now owned by Cedar Fair Entertainment Company. Lake Compounce in Bristol, Connecticut, may be the true oldest continuously operating amusement park in

6432-567: The Macks bought the park of the Balthasar castle in Rust. An adjacent fairy-tale park was acquired as an additional site. The park opened on 12 July 1975 with an area of 16 hectares. Initially, the park was managed by Franz Mack. Later his sons Roland and Jürgen joined the management. It counted 250,000 visitors in the first year; 700,000 in the second; and passed the million mark in 1978. In 1982,

6566-612: The Minimoys (2014). The theme park offers a mixture of rides, themed areas and parks. One of the main attractions is the roller coaster Silver Star , which was planned by the Swiss engineering office Bolliger & Mabillard and constructed in cooperation with Mercedes-Benz . The roller coaster Euro-Mir has rotatable gondolas, so the ride is temporarily backwards. The ride in Eurosat CanCan Coaster takes place in

6700-484: The Scandinavian themed area, in the show Tortuga - Forgotten Pirates, live scare actors awaited visitors in dark corridors. The show was replaced by The Villa . Designed as a Victorian dream house from the 19th century, the creepy maze in the Greek themed area awaited visitors with special effects in addition to numerous live scares. Every other year from 2011 through 2016, the park's festival grounds were home to

6834-560: The United States had a revenue of US$ 8 billion and theme parks in China had a revenue of US$ 4.6 billion , with China expected to overtake the United States by 2020. Some parks use rides and attractions for educational purposes. There are also Holy Land USA and the Holy Land Experience , which are theme parks built to inspire Christian piety. Dinosaur World entertains families with dinosaurs in natural settings, while

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6968-534: The United States, open since 1846. Santa Claus Town, which opened in Santa Claus, Indiana , in 1935 and included Santa's Candy Castle and other Santa Claus-themed attractions is considered the first themed attraction in the United States: a precursor to the modern day theme park. Santa Claus Land (renamed Holiday World in 1984) opened in 1946 in Santa Claus, Indiana , and many people will argue that it

7102-482: The ages of 9 and 99 who is interested in discovering the world of STEM . CloudFest: Formerly known as WebHostingDays, CloudFest is an annual conference in March about cloud computing aimed at commercial organizations . CloudFest 2022 had 150 exhibitors, 250 speakers, and was attended by 7,200 visitors. Europa-Park regularly hosts events on special occasions. Since 1998, especially Halloween has been celebrated, with

7236-744: The amusement park industry. Bakken ("The Hill") in Klampenborg , Denmark, Wurstelprater in Vienna, Austria, and Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark are the three oldest operating amusement parks in the world. Lake Compounce opened in 1846 and is considered the oldest, continuously operating amusement park in North America. The amusement park evolved from traditions in the European Middle Ages . An amusement park

7370-729: The attraction until 2021, only minor changes such as changing the name of the Colonial Food Station to Adventure Food Station . The reason given for the delay was the Covid pandemic. In January 2022, it was announced that the Jungle Rafts ride would be closed until the start of the 2023 season, to be completely renovated and rethemed as a new part of the Austria area. In March 2022, the Jungle Rafts ride reopened under

7504-542: The beginnings of the Wurstelprater as an amusement park. The concept of a fixed park for amusement was further developed with the beginning of the world's fairs . The first World fair began in 1851 with the construction of the landmark Crystal Palace in London, England. The purpose of the exposition was to celebrate the industrial achievement of the nations of the world and it was designed to educate and entertain

7638-718: The boardwalk out over the ocean. The first of several was the Ocean Pier in 1891, followed later by the Steel Pier in 1898, both of which boasted rides and attractions typical of that time, such as Midway-style games and electric trolley rides. The boardwalk also had the first Roundabout installed in 1892 by William Somers, a wooden predecessor to the Ferris Wheel . Somers installed two others in Asbury Park , New Jersey and Coney Island , New York. Another early park

7772-458: The city - with the exception of two buildings - was totally destroyed by the French during the Nine Years War . Due to Napoleon 's dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1803 and subsequent reorganization of the German states, Offenburg lost its status as a Free Imperial City and fell under the rule of the Grand Duchy of Baden . During the outbreak of the Revolutions of 1848 , the " Offenburger Programm " which consisted of thirteen demands "in

7906-466: The construction of the railway line from Mannheim in 1844, Offenburg had developed into a railway centre during the 19th and earlier part of the 20th century. However, since the privatization of the Deutsche Bundesbahn in the early 1990s and the ensuing restructuring of the Deutsche Bahn AG , which subsequently led to the decommissioning of the railway workshops, the operations in Offenburg have considerably shrunk in size. Today Offenburg station lies at

8040-422: The crossroads of a number of railway lines, the most important being the Rhine Valley Railway , the main line between Karlsruhe and Basel with regular Intercity Express (ICE) services to Basel, Berlin, Cologne, Frankfurt, Frankfurt Airport and Amsterdam. The picturesque Black Forest Railway starts at Offenburg as does the line to Strasbourg and the line serving the Rench valley in the Black Forest. Due to

8174-410: The early 2000s, the Harry Potter book series written by J.K Rowling had become a pop culture phenomenon. Universal and Disney entered a bidding war over the theme park rights to the books, but Disney seemed to have won after Rowling signed a letter of intent with Disney. However, Rowling was disappointed with Disney's small-scale plans to install an omnimover attraction themed to the Defense Against

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8308-413: The early 90s after the opening of Universal Studios Florida, Universal sought to build a second theme park, one aimed more towards children and their families. Universal acquired the theme park rights to many properties including Marvel and Dr. Seuss to build the park around. In 1999, Universal Studios opened Universal Studios Islands of Adventure under the new resort name Universal Studios Escape. The park

8442-471: The end of June, but Jaws had to be rebuilt and reopened three years later. However, Universal learned from opening day and started conducting exit surveys and special ticket deals. In 1992, Disney opened its first European park, Euro Disneyland , outside of Paris, France, designed to be like the Magic Kingdom in Florida, yet it caters to the European tastes through changes, including removing Tomorrowland and replacing it with Discoveryland , themed to

8576-547: The experience of the enclosed ideal city with wonder, rides, culture and progress (electricity), was based on the creation of an illusory place. The " midway " introduced at the Columbian Exposition would become a standard part of most amusement parks, fairs, carnivals, and circuses. The midway contained not only the rides, but other concessions and entertainments such as shooting galleries , penny arcades , games of chance , and shows. Many modern amusement parks evolved from earlier pleasure resorts that had become popular with

8710-409: The final stages of the conflict. It was only a primary target on one occasion during World War II on 27 November 1944, when a force of more than 300 USAAF B-17 and Liberator bombers attacked the marshalling yards. Many other tactical attacks were flown during 1944 and 1945 against the railway installations. French Forces entered Offenburg on 15 April 1945 and from then on Offenburg became part of

8844-419: The first country-themed section opened featuring Italy . Like most of the original themed areas at Europa-Park, it was designed by Ulrich Damrau. Later, the Alpenexpress "Enzian" and Schweizer Bobbahn rides opened in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The European theme was pursued further with the opening of the sections Holland (1984), England (1988), France (1990), Scandinavia (1992), Spain (1994) and

8978-410: The gardens were originally designed for the elites, they soon became places of great social diversity. Public firework displays were put on at Marylebone Gardens , and Cremorne Gardens offered music, dancing, and animal acrobatics displays. Prater in Vienna, Austria, began as a royal hunting ground which was opened in 1766 for public enjoyment. There followed coffee-houses and cafés, which led to

9112-519: The ghettos led to changing patterns in how people chose to spend their free time. Many of the older, traditional amusement parks closed or burned to the ground. Many would be taken out by the wrecking ball to make way for suburb and housing and development . In 1964, Steeplechase Park , once the king of all amusement parks, closed down for good. The traditional amusement parks which survived, for example, Kennywood , in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania , and Cedar Point , in Sandusky, Ohio , did so in spite of

9246-431: The great futuristic thinkers of European culture such as H. G. Wells and Jules Verne . A recession in the French economy and the immense public backlash against the park led to financial hardship, putting the park into debt. However, this did not stop Disney from expanding Disney-MGM Studios with The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror , in 1994, and building their fourth Walt Disney World park, Disney's Animal Kingdom . In

9380-485: The ground and in the air. In keeping with the cold season, there is an ice show as well, with figure skaters performing acrobatics and choreographies. The park's 4D cinema screens different 15-minute short films, the latest being Happy Family Next Level (2022). In the evenings after the park closes, current cinema films are shown, often complemented by the additional 4D effects. Channels, such as BR , Sat.1 , SWR , ZDF , Nickelodeon and Prosieben , produce shows in

9514-458: The ground. Most of Ingersoll's Luna Parks were similarly destroyed, usually by arson , before his death in 1927. During the Gilded Age , many Americans began working fewer hours and had more disposable income. With new-found money and time to spend on leisure activities, Americans sought new venues for entertainment. Amusement parks, set up outside major cities and in rural areas, emerged to meet this new economic opportunity. These parks served as

9648-404: The ice stadium, like Paddington on Ice . In 2022, the park presented the show ACE – The Adventure Begins in the ice stadium. Since 2008, the park collaborated with DJ Bobo on different occasions. In 2001, Europa-Park opened for its first winter season. During the winter season, the rides at Europa-Park are in operation as usual. In addition to the rides, the focus is on the shows. In winter,

9782-553: The land a full scale, realistic re-creation of Hogsmeade and Hogwarts without being a refurbishment of an existing area. The project was announced in 2007 and in 2010 the land was opened to the public and made Universal Orlando a must visit destination. Today, there are over 475 amusement parks in the United States, ranging from mega-parks and those that are operated by Warner Bros., Disney , Six Flags and NBCUniversal . The amusement park industry's offerings range from immersive theme parks such as Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi ,

9916-580: The larger, more popular rides. Later, the "D-ticket" was added, then finally the " E-ticket ", which was used on the biggest and most elaborate rides, like Space Mountain . Smaller tickets could be traded up for use on larger rides so that for example two or three A-tickets would equal a single B-ticket. Disneyland, as well as the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World, abandoned this practice in 1982. Offenburg Offenburg ("open borough" - coat of arms showing open gates; Low Alemmanic : Offäburg )

10050-408: The largest disaster Disney ever created because unlike Disneyland, it would be set in the modern day and spoof modern-day California with its cheap, insincere, and flat backdrops. The park would be adult focused, sell fine food, and serve alcohol. When the park opened on February 8, 2001, it received a chilly reception for its lack of attractions, poor environment (for example, Hollywood Studios Backlot

10184-496: The last week of the season. Every day there are also numerous shows with more than 300 international artists. Prominent shows take place in the revolving theatre multimedia show. Once introduced as "Das lila Geheimnis" (translated: The Purple Secret ) about the creation of Milka chocolate, the attraction later showed "Wunder dieser Welt" (translated: Wonder of this World) and after that the show "Zeitreise" (translated: Time travel ), which presented Europa-Park's past. In 2010, for

10318-462: The late 1920s. The Golden Age of amusement parks also included the advent of the kiddie park. Founded in 1925, the original Kiddie Park is located in San Antonio, Texas , and is still in operation as of 2022 . The kiddie parks became popular all over America after World War II. This era saw the development of new innovations in roller coasters that included extreme drops and speeds to thrill

10452-466: The local economy after 1945 and in making the name of the city known all over the world. Owing to its favourable geographic situation Offenburg lies at the crossroads of important lines of communication that can be traced back to Roman times. Offenburg is situated 3 km east of the federal motorway A 5 , to which it has been connected since 1960 via a famous egg-shaped junction. Two major federal roads, B 3 and B 33 , intersect at Offenburg. Since

10586-590: The manufacturer Mack Rides . In 2018 and 2019, Rulantica - The Musical was shown in the Teatro baroque theatre, located in the Italian themed area, where, previously, the Halloween musical Spook Me! took place. Both musicals were composed by Hendrik Schwarzer; the ensemble included Ornella De Santis, who played the female lead in each case. Since 1999, the annual dinner show "Cirque d'Europe", which changes theme every year, takes place here in winter as well. In 2020, Peter Valance presented his show It's Magic! in

10720-953: The middle of Europa-Park's French themed area next to the Magic Cinema 4D. At the time, 60 monsters were roaming the hotel and the streets of the area. The Horror Nights have been replaced by the Traumatica - Festival of Fear . It takes place in the evenings, partly in the Greek-themed area and partly outside of the theme park's territory. Visitors are taken into a post-apocalyptic world in which five different groups fight for dominance. The group members are played by live actors and are set up in haunted houses with special effects as their main quarters, which can be attended by visitors. The show includes 5 horror mazes with over 200 performers. Whereas in 2007, under 30 litres (6.6 imp gal; 7.9 US gal) of film blood were used, today it

10854-471: The modern, competitive amusement park industry. In the late 1950s, Wynne visited Disneyland and was inspired to create an affordable, closer, and larger amusement park that would be filled with fantasy. He followed in the steps of Disney and had subdivisions within the park that reflected different lands. The subdivisions included the Old South and other sections that referenced Wynne's background. By 1968,

10988-466: The motivation for entrepreneurs to build accommodation and create new attractions, leading to more visitors and a rapid cycle of growth throughout the 1850s and 1860s. In 1879, large parts of the promenade at Blackpool were wired. The lighting and its accompanying pageants reinforced Blackpool's status as the North of England's most prominent holiday resort, and its specifically working class character. It

11122-690: The name of the people of Baden", was put forward at the Salmen Inn on 12 September 1847. This was the first known demand for democracy in Germany. Along with the Carlsbad Decrees , the Offenburger Program demanded basic and human rights as well as freedom of the press and a progressive income tax structure. On 19 March 1848 the demands were confirmed by the 20,000 member Offenburg Peoples' Assembly. During World War I Offenburg

11256-554: The new Croatia themed area. Its main attraction, Voltron Nevera , was announced be a further development of the Big Dipper ride model from Mack Rides , dubbed a "Stryker Coaster" - a roller coaster that allows direction changes in a tight radius - set to be arranged around a replica of the Wardenclyffe Tower . Initially scheduled to open in 2023, it was postponed to 2024 due to supply difficulties. On 19 June 2023,

11390-486: The new dark ride Snorri Tours was established in this area, which has taken the water world of Rulantica and its mascot Snorri as its theme. Snorri Tours was the prototype of a media dark ride by Tacumeon Rides , a newly founded sister company of Mack Rides that specializes in marketing media-based attractions. After several years of construction, Europa-Park's water park Rulantica was completed in October 2019, and

11524-456: The new name Josefina’s Magical Imperial Journey (now themed to the adjacent Austrian-themed area), with all references to colonial Africa removed. The final reconstruction will take place in several phases in the next years. In 2022, the resort, including Rulantica, surpassed the threshold of 6 million visitors for the first time. In November of the same year, the new restaurant experience Eatrenalin opened. Further, construction work began on

11658-482: The odds. Inspired by the layout of Tivoli Gardens theme park in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1951, Walt Disney came up with the idea of having an amusement park next to the studios in Burbank. The park would have been called Mickey Mouse Park , built across the street with a western area featuring a steam driven paddleboat, a turn of the century town, and a midway. It was rejected by the Burbank city council in fear of

11792-419: The offers, the park has developed into a tourist destination for visitors who stay for several days. It is no longer - like other parks - solely dependent on day visitors and the weather or on individual target groups. Further, Europa-Park is also home to the restaurant Ammolite - The Lighthouse . Under Peter Hagen-Wiest, it has been awarded two Michelin stars. Source: The Europa-Park Camp-Resort consists of

11926-501: The pandemic strained the staff situation. As a result, the park had to cap the number of daily visitors temporarily in 2022. In 2017, Europa-Park acknowledged allegations of racial and cultural insensitivities; some attractions in the Adventure Land featured potentially offensive portrayals of African people as "tribal" (with white characters featured as colonial rulers and safari hunters). However, no major changes were made to

12060-466: The park opened, it welcomed its one millionth guest. Because of the financial success of Disneyland, the amusement industry was reinvigorated. What became Busch Gardens Tampa opened in 1959 as a garden and bird sanctuary. Six Flags Over Texas opened in 1961, themed to the six different countries that ruled over Texas. In 1964, Universal Studios Hollywood opened to the public with a studio tour of their backlot that had multiple adventure scenes and became

12194-492: The park opens an ice rink, a skibob track, the Big Wheel Bellevue and adds festive decor. The park is also home to an annual Christmas market. Since 2002, the park has been hosting an annual Weihnachtsmann-Treffen ( translated: Santa Claus Convention ). During winter, most outdoor and/or water rides are closed. The circus revue is the flagship of the theme park's winter season. It includes professional productions on

12328-643: The park organizes activities to celebrate the summer solstice, which take place around the lake of the Nordic-themed water world Rulantica and the hotel Krønasår . Euro Dance Festival : Since 2008, between February and March, the Euro Dance Festival takes place for several days. Participants attend a combination of dancing classes and shows and a trade fair caters for the needs of both beginners and professionals, including dance instructors and choreographers. Ladies Only Festival: Since 2014

12462-529: The park was planned to be located in Breisach . It was named "Europa-Park" after Breisach's nearby Europaweiher , a small artificial lake which commemorates a historical pilot poll held in Breisach in 1950, in which 95.6% of voters were in favor of European unification . The Breisach site was deemed unsuitable because of flooding hazard, and the project moved some 30 kilometres (19 mi) further north, where

12596-413: The park's Holland and Scandinavia areas. Despite the efforts of the fire department, the building was destroyed, along with parts of the neighboring Scandinavia section. According to the operators, the incident resulted in tens of millions of Euros in property damage. No visitors or employees were injured, but seven firefighters suffered minor injuries during firefighting operations. With the exception of

12730-402: The park, the three trains, EP-Express , Monorail-Bahn and Panoramabahn serve as a means of transport in addition to their function as rides. Theme park Amusement parks evolved from European fairs , pleasure gardens , and large picnic areas , which were created for people's recreation . World's fairs and other types of international expositions also influenced the emergence of

12864-591: The park. In 1897, Sea Lion Park was joined by Steeplechase Park , the first of three major amusement parks that would open in the Coney Island area. George Tilyou designed the park to provide thrills and entertainment. The combination of the nearby population center of New York City and the ease of access to the area made Coney Island the embodiment of the American amusement park. Coney Island also featured Luna Park (1903) and Dreamland (1904). Coney Island

12998-528: The park. Each year since the summer of 1995, SWR has been airing its show called Immer wieder sonntags , which has been hosted by Stefan Mross since 2005. The production was moved to the nearby water park Rulantica in 2022. The six hotels and the Europa-Park Camp Resort are combined in the so-called Europa-Park Hotel-Resort . Hotel operations are taking on an increasingly important role in park operations. With its hotels and an expansion of

13132-426: The park. Other revenue sources include parking fees, food and beverage sales and souvenirs. Practically all amusement parks operate using one of two admission principles: In amusement parks using the pay-as-you-go scheme, a guest enters the park at little or no charge. The guest must then purchase rides individually, either at the attraction's entrance or by purchasing ride tickets (or a similar exchange method, like

13266-503: The pay-as-you-go format. Initially, guests paid the ride admission fees at the attractions. Within a short time, the problems of handling such large amounts of coins led to the development of a ticket system that, while now out of use, is still part of the amusement-park lexicon. In this new format, guests purchased ticket books that contained a number of tickets, labeled "A", "B" and "C." Rides and attractions using an "A-ticket" were generally simple, with "B-tickets" and "C-tickets" used for

13400-556: The public for day-trips or weekend holidays, for example, seaside areas such as Blackpool , United Kingdom and Coney Island , United States. In the United States, some amusement parks grew from picnic groves established along rivers and lakes that provided bathing and water sports, such as Lake Compounce in Connecticut, first established as a picturesque picnic park in 1846, and Riverside Park in Massachusetts, founded in

13534-456: The public on October 1, 1971. Meant to be a larger east coast version of Disneyland, it had copies of most of the attractions from Disneyland (except for Liberty Square and the Hall of Presidents ), yet it was financially the most ambitious project Walt Disney Productions had ever undertaken, and succeeded once the holiday crowds came in during Thanksgiving. In 1982, Walt Disney Productions opened

13668-534: The public, Europa-Park has its own event center next to the main entrance. In 2017, the Europa-Park Arena , a hall with three thousand square meters, was opened, which among other things has a gallery. The offer is complemented by smaller conference rooms, which are connected by a common foyer. The larger halls at the park are the Europa-Park Dome , a tent-shaped hall with a round floor plan and

13802-531: The re-routing of the TGV services from Freiburg to Paris-Est via Offenburg (instead of via Müllheim and Mulhouse) in December 2018, there has since been a daily (except Saturdays) direct service from Offenburg via Strasbourg to Paris-Est. Offenburg airfield (EDTO) has been used for flying purposes since 1911 and has received a paved runway in 1975. It is owned by the municipality. However, since its declassification as

13936-542: The responsibility of several public bodies, Offenburg houses a diverse number of educational institutions. Offenburg is also home to the University of Applied Sciences Offenburg , with its main campus location in Offenburg, and the other campus in Gengenbach (less than 12 km away). There are several historical attractions in Offenburg including: Offenburger FV is a German association football club based in

14070-481: The ride, the rotating body connects itself with a gripper arm to the coaster car, transports it upwards, and disconnects again. Another ride is called Poseidon , a water roller coaster. The Blue Fire Megacoaster is the first launched roller coaster in the Europa-Park, including a linear motor start and rollover elements, namely one looping, two corkscrews and one heartline roll. This roller coaster accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 2.5 seconds, reaches

14204-474: The riders. By the end of the First World War, people seemed to want an even more exciting entertainment, a need met by roller coasters. Although the development of the automobile provided people with more options for satisfying their entertainment needs, the amusement parks after the war continued to be successful, while urban amusement parks saw declining attendance. The 1920s is more properly known as

14338-651: The river Rhine between Karlsruhe and Freiburg . The French city of Strasbourg lies 20 km northwest across the Rhine. Offenburg is situated at the mouth of the Kinzig river valley and at the foot of the Black Forest . The Kinzig flows out of the Black Forest and meets the Rhine near Kehl . Köppen climate classification classifies its climate as oceanic ( Cfb ). Marine features are limited however, as

14472-850: The second Six Flags park, Six Flags Over Georgia , opened, and in 1971, Six Flags Over Mid-America (now Six Flags St. Louis ) opened near St. Louis , Missouri. Also in 1971 was the opening of the Walt Disney World resort complex in Florida . In 1991 Warner Bros. in partnership with Village Roadshow, opened their own Warner Bros. Movie World . It is the only Movie-Related theme park in Australia. Warner Bros. continued their theme park ventures and opened Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi in UAE and Parque Warner Madrid in Spain. Amusement parks collect much of their revenue from admission fees paid by guests attending

14606-535: The second Walt Disney World park, EPCOT Center, based on Walt Disney's futurist ideals and World Fairs. Like a World's Fair, the park would display the latest technologies in an area called Future World, and the cultural pavilions in World Showcase. In 1987, Disney announced that it would open its third Disney World park, Disney-MGM Studios in 1989, which would have a working backlot. However, Universal knew that its Californian backlot tour would not work as

14740-577: The sites, expanding them from picnic groves to include regular entertainments, mechanical amusements, dance halls, sports fields, boat rides, restaurants and other resort facilities. Some of these parks were developed in resort locations, such as bathing resorts at the seaside in New Jersey and New York . A premiere example in New Jersey was Atlantic City , a famous vacation resort. Entrepreneurs erected amusement parks on piers that extended from

14874-479: The subsidiary Mack Media & Brands GmbH & Co KG Europa-Park ventures beyond the theme park business and produces films , video games and operates a music label . The park is divided into 20 thematic areas, 17 of which are European countries/regions and are designed to be authentically featuring the respective region (2023). They are intended to give visitors the feeling of being able to discover several European countries within one day. The first themed area

15008-759: The theater . Opened in 2000, the Globe Theater in Europa-Park's English themed area is a largely accurate smaller replica of the famous London Globe Theatre of William Shakespeare ´s time. In the Globe Theatre in the English themed area, amongst others, the show Times Three - the Acrobatic Show attracts visitors during the summer season. In addition, other productions are hosted in the Spanish Arena , like medieval knight games; and in

15142-527: The theme park's 35th anniversary, the revolving theatre was redesigned as the Historama with insights into the creation of Europa-Park. This theme was maintained until 2017, before the revolving theatre became part of the Journey to Rulantica as part of an exhibition on the new Europa-Park water park. In 2022, plans wer revealed to replace the current revolving theatre by a new type of Gameplay Theatre from

15276-551: The theme park, Silver Dollar City . The park is still owned and operated by the Herschends and the family has several other parks including Dollywood , Kentucky Kingdom and Wild Adventures . The first regional amusement park, as well as the first Six Flags park, Six Flags Over Texas was officially opened in 1961 in Arlington, Texas . The first Six Flags amusement park was the vision of Angus Wynne Jr. and helped create

15410-847: The town in February 1923 and remained until 1924, blocking all traffic on the Rhine Valley Railway between Offenburg and Appenweier . Following the rise to power of the NSDAP in the 1930s, Offenburg's Jewish population fell victim to acts of repression, that culminated in the vandalization of the local synagoge in November 1938. After the war had begun, those members of the Jewish population that had not managed to emigrate were deported to Gurs concentration camp in October 1940 and from there to Auschwitz during 1942. In World War II , it

15544-527: The upper classes and the working class at the beach. The first carousel was installed in the 1870s, the first roller coaster , the " Switchback Railway ", in 1884. In England, Blackpool was a popular beachside location beginning in the 1700s. It rose to prominence as a seaside resort with the completion in 1846 of a branch line to Blackpool from Poulton on the main Preston and Wyre Joint Railway line. A sudden influx of visitors, arriving by rail, provided

15678-481: The visitors. American cities and businesses also saw the world's fair as a way of demonstrating economic and industrial success. The World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago , Illinois was an early precursor to the modern amusement park. The fair was an enclosed site, that merged entertainment, engineering and education to entertain the masses. It set out to bedazzle the visitors, and successfully did so with

15812-522: The world and is the third most visited theme park in Europe after Disneyland Paris and Efteling , as well as the most visited seasonal theme park in the world. The park received 5.4 million visitors in 2022. Alongside Rulantica, the resort had over six million visitors. Also that year, the Golden Ticket Award jury of the US magazine Amusement Today voted Europa-Park the "best theme park in

15946-445: The world" for the eighth year in a row. In 1958, Franz Mack (1921–2010) took over the family firm, Mack GmbH & Co. KG (now Mack Rides ), together with his brothers. Along with his son Roland (born 1949), he visited the US in 1972 and was inspired to open a theme park in Germany as an exhibition site for his company's built amusement rides, including flat rides, dark rides, log flumes, tow boat rides and roller coasters. At first,

16080-462: Was Italy in 1982. The Swiss mountain village of Grimentz served as the structural model for area Switzerland . Chocoland was a themed area with no direct connection to the country. In 2010 it was abandoned and the attractions added to the English area. Other themed areas with no connection to a country are Adventure Land (1978), Grimm's Fairytale Forest (redesigned in 2012) and Kingdom of

16214-575: Was a huge success and by the year 1910 attendance on days could reach a million people. Fueled by the efforts of Frederick Ingersoll who borrowed the name, other " Luna Parks " were quickly erected worldwide and opened to rave reviews. The first amusement park in England was opened in 1896 – the Blackpool Pleasure Beach by W. G. Bean. In 1904, Sir Hiram Maxim 's Captive Flying Machine was introduced; he had designed an early aircraft powered by steam engines that had been unsuccessful and instead opened up

16348-560: Was allegedly designed by former Disney Imagineers who left after the financial disaster of Disneyland Paris. In the late 80s, the Oriental Land Company (the owners and operators of Tokyo Disneyland resort which opened in 1983) wanted a second park. None of the current non-Magic Kingdom parks satisfied the Japanese, but one concept thrown away for Disneyland's second gate inspired a new one: DisneySea . Tokyo DisneySea

16482-498: Was followed by the construction of the hotel Castillo Alcazar . By 2001, the number of visitors had risen to 3.1 million. The same year, Europa-Park was the first theme park in Germany operating in winter as well, with 180,000 visitors in that season. In order to strengthen its own brand and initiate the park's business activities in digital formats, Michael Mack founded MackMedia in 2002. The company shoots image and advertising films, produces music videos, games and special films. After

16616-680: Was one of the first cities to experience the effects of aerial bombardment, the operations against Offenburg railway sidings were mostly flown by aircraft from the Independent Force from Ochey aerodrome. It is mostly neglected, that in the aftermath of World War I, during the Occupation of the Rhineland , French troops occupied Offenburg, because it fell within the perimeter of the Kehl bridgehead. The French occupation forces entered

16750-518: Was opened on 28 November 2019. Until then, the total cost was estimated at EUR 180 million. After initial speculations, the park is located near the Europa-Park, but operates separately from the latter. Rulantica contains the actual water park with more than 30 slides and attractions, the Krønasår hotel, the Hyggedal sauna and relax area, as well as car parks . The park includes 13 themed areas with

16884-500: Was reclaimed from the sea front. It was at this period that the park moved to its 44-acre (18 ha) current location above what became Watson Road, which was built under the Pleasure Beach in 1932. During this time Joseph Emberton, an architect famous for his work in the amusement trade was brought in to redesign the architectural style of the Pleasure Beach rides, working on the "Grand National" roller coaster, "Noah's Ark" and

17018-425: Was registered by Europa-Park GmbH & Co Mack KG. In 2017, Europa-Park opened the attraction Voletarium, the biggest flight motion simulator theater in Europe. The flying theater features a queue line with multiple pre-show elements culminating in the main ride section: a film showcasing European landmarks which lasts for 4 minutes and 30 seconds. On 26 May 2018, a fire broke out in a building complex near to

17152-567: Was the Eldorado Amusement Park that opened in 1891 on the banks of the Hudson River , overlooking New York City . It consisted of 25 acres. The first permanent enclosed entertainment area, regulated by a single company, was founded in Coney Island in 1895: Sea Lion Park at Coney Island in Brooklyn. This park was one of the first to charge admission fee to get into the park in addition to sell tickets for rides within

17286-686: Was the pleasure garden . An example of this is the world's oldest amusement park, Bakken ("The Hill"), which opened in mainland Europe in 1583. It is located north of Copenhagen in Klampenborg, Denmark . Another early garden was the Vauxhall Gardens , founded in 1661 in London. By the late 18th century, the site had an admission fee for its many attractions. It regularly drew enormous crowds, with its paths often noted for romantic assignations; tightrope walkers, hot air balloon ascents, concerts and fireworks providing amusement. Although

17420-479: Was the first true Theme Park despite Knott's history. In the 1950s the Herschend family took over operation of the tourist attraction, Marvel Cave near Branson, Missouri . Over the next decade they modernized the cave, which led to large numbers of people waiting to take the tour. The Herschend family opened a recreation of the old mining town that once existed atop Marvel Cave. The small village eventually became

17554-645: Was the forerunner of the present-day Blackpool Illuminations . By the 1890s, the town had a population of 35,000, and could accommodate 250,000 holidaymakers. The number of annual visitors, many staying for a week, was estimated at three million. In the final decade of the 19th century, electric trolley lines were developed in many large American cities. Companies that established the trolley lines also developed trolley parks as destinations of these lines. Trolley parks such as Atlanta 's Ponce de Leon Park , or Reading's Carsonia Park were initially popular natural leisure spots before local streetcar companies purchased

17688-531: Was the location of the Heilag V-C, Oflag 55/V-D and Stalag V-C prisoner-of-war camps for Allied POWs of various nationalities, including French , Polish, Belgian, British, Serbian, American, Soviet , Italian , Indian and South African. Owing to its geographical proximity to the French border, Offenburg was either exposed to temporary evacuations during the Battle of France in 1940 or artillery fire towards

17822-493: Was themed to a modern-day movie backlot of modern-day Hollywood), and overemphasis on retail and dining. When John Hench (an original Imagineer who worked with Walt and was a chief creative executive at Imagineering since Imagineering was founded) was asked for his opinion on the park, he reportedly said, "I preferred the parking lot." Walt Disney Studios Park in Paris was the second Disneyland Paris park. Disney had to build

17956-610: Was turned into a park as a "half day" attraction—a complement to the rest of the resort. The rest of the park was themed to 1930s Hollywood and featured lost parts of Hollywood like the Brown Derby. Universal Studios Florida opened on June 7, 1990 (delayed by one year) to great fanfare, but the primary attractions were experiencing severe technical difficulties. All three of the park's major attractions (Jaws, Disaster!, and Kongfrontation) were not working and suffered major technical difficulties. Disaster! and Kongfrontation were fixed by

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