The 13th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War , which existed between 5 March 1919 and 12 November 1920.
17-948: Its predecessor was the Group of Forces on the Kursk direction , formed on 18 November 1918, under leadership of I.S. Kozhevnikov from troops arriving from the frontlines of the First World War. After its assignment to the Southern Front in December 1918, where it participated in January 1919 in the successful Voronezh–Povorino Operation , it was renamed as the Donetsk Group of Forces in February 1919, and in March reformed as
34-717: The 13th Army . In Spring 1919, it suffered serious losses in the Battle of the Donbass . In August and September 1919, together with the 8th Army , it became part of the Selivachyov Group , named after its commander Vladimir Selivachyov . On 10 January 1920 the Southern Front was renamed as the Southwestern of which the 13th Army remained a part. In September 1920 it was assigned to the second creation of
51-728: The 51st , 57th, and 64th Armies. They were then re-transformed into the Don and Southwestern Fronts on 28 September with the Southeastern Front becoming the Stalingrad Front (Second Formation). The Southern Front was re-formed from the Stalingrad Front on January 1, 1943, and Colonel General Andrei I. Yeremenko stayed in command, until February 1943. General Lieutenant Rodion Malinovsky [promoted to Colonel General in February 1943] then filled in until Lieutenant General Fyodor I. Tolbukhin took command in March 1943. Tolbukhin
68-636: The Reserve of the Supreme High Command and 4 heavy artillery divisions. These force totalled around 460,000 men, ca. 12,000 guns and mortars, ca. 3,000 tanks and 2,160 aircraft. After the German invasion, the Southern Front was re-created on June 25, 1941 from the forces in the Moscow and Odessa Military Districts , and included the 9th Army . From July 1941 the 44th Fighter Aviation Division
85-870: The Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 1940 and then was formed twice after the June 1941 invasion by Germany, codenamed Operation Barbarossa . During the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 1940, the Soviets deployed three armies ( 12th , 5th and 9th ). Altogether the Soviet Southern Front opposing Bessarabia and Bukovina consisted of 32 (or 31) rifle divisions, 2 (or 3) motorised rifle divisions, 6 cavalry divisions, 11 tank brigades, 3 airborne brigades (one in reserve), 14 corps artillery regiments, 16 artillery regiments of
102-578: The (disbanded) Southwestern Front on July 12, 1942 and was formally disbanded on July 28, 1942, with the forces transferred to the North Caucasus Front . In July 1942, three armies (the 1st, 5th and 7th Reserve Armies) out of the Supreme High Command reserve were moved into the Stalingrad sector and redesignated the 64th , 63rd and 62nd armies respectively. They formed the core of the Stalingrad Front on 12 July. The Stalingrad Front
119-658: The 13th Army was disbanded. Its administration was merged with the management of the 4th Army . Its last location of headquarters was in the city of Slavyansk. Members of the Revolutionary Military Council include Soviet Southern Front The Southern Front was a front , a formation about the size of an army group of the Soviet Army during the Second World War . The Southern Front directed military operations during
136-517: The 29th division). This last group fought on the approaches to Crimea, and experienced many changes, at one time including a group of armoured trains and the 1st Cavalry corps, but was eventually split between the Ekaterinoslav direction group of forces and the 6th Army. The rest of the 13th fought towards the southern coast of the Black sea between Perekop and north-east of Odessa. In October 1920
153-702: The Army in 1940. At the outbreak of the German-Soviet War in June 1941, he was in charge of the Moscow Military District. In the first three months of the war, Tyulenev commanded the Southern Front . During the rest of the war, he was in command of the Transcaucasian Military District and Transcaucasian Front . Tyulenev was the author of several books of reminiscences, including Soviet Cavalry Fighting for
170-594: The Southern Front, at that time fighting against Wrangel . During the Civil War the Army's force structure was highly dynamic with most subunits operating as part of operational groups. These included Special (reserve) Group (two regiments and a battery), Left Group (two divisions, cavalry and infantry brigades), Shock Group (Latvian division, Cossack cavalry brigade and separate brigade), and Perekopskaya Group (Latvian and 3rd divisions, 8th cavalry division, Nesterov group, and later 52nd division and 85th brigade of
187-580: The army lost many of its units to the 2nd Cavalry Army . This first 13th Army participated in operations spanning an area from the southern Kursk gubernia to then Crimea. She fought against Denikin , the Don nationalist Cossacks and Wrangel . participated in the offensive into Donbass, and its defence, the Orel–Kursk operation and in the Perekop-Chongar Operation . On November 12, 1920
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#1732802285399204-545: The defense and successful counteroffensive at Rostov-on-Don . Lieutenant General Rodion Ia. Malinovsky arrived in December and held the reins until July 1942. In 1942 the Front took part in the Donbass, Barvenko-Lozovaia, and Voronezh - Stalingrad (Volgograd) operations. According to Glantz and Bonn, the Front then suffered a notable failure at the Second Battle of Kharkov . The Front received additional forces from
221-674: The first to be promoted to the rank of General of the Army in 1940. Tyulenvev was born into a soldier's family in the Simbirsk Governorate (now Ulyanovsk Oblast ) settlement of Shatrashany . He worked in factories and as a Caspian Sea fisherman before being drafted into the Imperial Russian Army in 1913. During World War I he fought with the Kargopolsky dragoons in Congress Poland and
238-779: Was awarded the Order of St George for his courage. Tyulenvev joined the Red Army after the revolution and served during the Russian Civil War with the 1st Cavalry Army . In 1918 he joined the Bolshevik Party . He also took part in suppressing the Kronstadt rebellion and in the Polish Soviet War. In 1939 he commanded the 12th Army during the Soviet invasion of Poland . He was promoted to General of
255-408: Was part of the Front's air forces. It was commanded by General Ivan V. Tiulenev from June 1941 to August 1941. Lieutenant General Dmitri I. Ryabyshev took over on 30 August 1941 and held command until 5 October, when Colonel General Yakov Cherevichenko took command, until December 1941. During 1941 the Front fought in the border battles in the southern Ukraine, defended Odessa , and then conducted
272-540: Was promoted to Colonel General in April. He would command the Front into 1944. On 1 April 1943 Southern Front comprised Among the Front troops were the Southern Front was renamed the 4th Ukrainian Front on October 20, 1943. Ivan Tyulenev Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev ( Russian : Ива́н Влади́мирович Тюле́нев ; 28 January 1892 – 15 August 1978 ) was a Soviet military commander, one of
289-426: Was then divided into the Stalingrad Front, under General Lieutenant V.N. Gordov, and the Southeastern Front, under Colonel General Andrei I. Yeremenko on 7 August 1942 as the Battle of Stalingrad began. Stalin had actually taken the decision to split the two fronts on 3 August at 0300 despite protest from his advisors. The Tsaritsa gully in Stalingrad was the dividing line. Yeremenko's new South-Eastern Front included
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