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33-521: On the slopes of the mountain range there is Kopaonik ski resort which is one of the largest in Southeastern Europe . There are 25 ski lifts with capacity of 32,000 skiers per hour. Kopaonik mountains stretch for around 75 km (47 mi) in the north-south direction. The mountain's southern border is in Kosovo, between the rivers of Llapi and Sitnica while, the northern boundary

66-488: A clear day, a distant mountains in Montenegro , Bulgaria and Albania can be observed. There are 13 localities within the park which are declared strict nature reserves : Barska Reka, Bele Stene, Vučak, Gobelja, Duboka, Jankove Bare, Jelak, Jelovarnik, Kozje Stene, Mrkonje, Metođe, Samokovska Reka and Suvo Rudište. The Jankove Bare reserve is located in the section called Ravni Kopaonik (Flat or Plateaued Kopaonik), at

99-526: A large number of autochthonous plant species ( Balkan beech , fir , spruce , yew , several kinds of maple , pine and oak ). Deciduous forests and native coniferous woodland make up most of the forested land in the park. There are also forests of willow , poplar , common hornbeam , durmast oak and Turkey oak . In total, there are 1,600 plant species in the park, out of which 200 grow only on Kopaonik. It also includes over 200 species of fungi. Special value of Kopaonik in terms of biological diversity

132-469: Is Maglič . During the Ottoman period, from the 15th century, the mining gradually ceased, but they developed the thermal springs, building Turkish baths . Remains of one are found in modern spa of Jošanička Banja . First scientific exploration of the mountain's flora came in 1836-38 when the geologist Ami Boué visited the mountain. He made a collection of Kopaonik's plant life which is today kept in

165-578: Is located in the southern foothills of the Kopaonik mountains, and it is in an altitude of 1,800 m (5,900 ft). With its 105.6 MW capacity, Bajgora Wind Farm accounts for around 10% of Kosovo's total installed domestic capacity. Kopaonik is well-connected with the main transport routes in Serbia. The central part of Kopaonik with the tourist center and ski slopes are linked with the Ibar highway , and

198-645: Is regarded as the father of Serbian botany. Josip Pančić was born in Ugrini , near Crikvenica , on the Military Frontier , a territory in the Habsburg monarchy . At the time of his birth, the region was part of the French Empire . Pančić was the fourth son of Pavel Pančić and his wife Margarita. His paternal grandfather, who came from the area around Niš , had served in a volunteer battalion of

231-663: Is said to have "fallen in love" with Kopaonik , which he visited 16 times between 1851 and 1886. Pančić was named the first president of the Serbian Royal Academy formed on April 5, 1887. He requested the opening of the Botanical garden " Jevremovac " in Belgrade . Pančić died on 25 February 1888, his last wish was to be buried in the Kopaonik Mountain. A mausoleum of Josif Pančić was erected at

264-642: Is set by the Jošanica river in Serbia. It belongs to the region of Raška of Serbia. The Kopaonik mountain massif ( Kopaoničke planine ) includes the mountains of Kopaonik, Željin , Goč and Stolovi . The Pančić's Peak , with 2,017 m (6,617 ft), is the highest point of the mountains and it marks the border between Kosovo and Serbia. Kopaonik has a subalpine climate ( Köppen climate classification : Dfc ) with fresh summers, and long, cold winters with abundant snowfall. The snow season lasts from November to April, while there are around 200 sunny days. Kopaonik

297-592: Is that 11.9% of the high mountain endemic species in the Balkans inhabits the mountain. Endemic species which grow only on Kopaonik include Kopaonik's houseleek , Kopaonik's violet and Pančić's bittercress . Other endemites include sea thrift , Balkan docks ( Rumex balcanicus ) , Pancicia serbica , Blečić's columbine ( Aquilegia blecicii ), Bosnian marsh orchid, Bulgarian achillea ( Achillea bulgarica ), Alyssum , aconite and Yugoslav bell ( Edrianthus jugoslavicus ). There are several "botanical monuments" in

330-1000: The Austrian Imperial Army during the Austro-Turkish War . According to tradition, the Pančić family hailed from Herzegovina and settled in Ugrini in olden times. After finishing elementary school in Gospić , he went on to the lyceum in Rijeka , and then continued classes in the Regia Academica Scientiarum in Zagreb (1830). He graduated in 1842 in Budapest in medicine . In addition to other courses, Pančić attended botany courses, taught by

363-703: The Imperial Natural History Museum in Vienna . Botanist Josif Pančić gave the greatest scientific contribution to the plant life on Kopaonik. In 1851 he explored the mountain for the first time, followed by another 18 expeditions. During World War II the Yugoslav Partisans were active in the region. With territorial reorganization in the mid-1950s, the southern parts of Kopaonik were to be ceded from NR Serbia to its autonomous province Kosovo and Metohija . In 1959, Leposavić

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396-479: The flora of Serbia and is credited with having classified many species of plants that were unknown to the botanical community at the time. He discovered a total of 47 valid species new to science. The crowning achievement of Pančić floristic studies was the "Flora of the Principality of Serbia" ( Flora Kneževine Srbije ) published in 1874, while a supplement was added ten years later. His explorations marked

429-831: The nearest international airport is in Niš . A public heliport is located in a military base half a mile north of the resort. in 2019, the longest artificial ski slope in Europe opened in the resort. Kopaonik ski resort Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 546917600 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 05:32:00 GMT Josif Pan%C4%8Di%C4%87 Josif Pančić ( Serbian Cyrillic : Јосиф Панчић ; April 17, 1814 – February 25, 1888)

462-634: The 3rd or 4th century AD and it was the administrative center of the mining and metallurgic operations on the western slope of the mountain. The area remained an important mining center in the Middle Ages and by the 14th century it became the main mining area of Serbia. Emperor Dušan visited the Silver Mountain in August 1336. In 1412 despot Stefan Lazarević granted the Law on mines which mentions

495-594: The Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe in May 2020. The nomination was rejected due to the Serbian laws allowing shelterwood cutting on the area of 5 hectares (12 acres), while UNESCO accepts cut areas no larger than 1 hectare (2.5 acres), and even that is not only in the areas of the highest level of protection, but also in the surrounding zones. The fauna is also diverse but its concentration varies, depending on

528-513: The Kukavica locality in 2021. It is part of the wider project of reintroducing red deer in the central parts of Serbia. In the part of the mountains within Kosovo, the golden jackal , the grey wolf , the roe deer and the wildcat have been spotted. In the Kosovo's part of Kopaonik mountains, specifically in the Shala e Bajgorës region, lies Kosovo's largest wind farm. The Bajgora Wind Farm

561-470: The Serbian linguist Vuk Stefanović Karadžić who wrote him a letter of recommendation to the Serbian authorities, in order to fulfill his wish to settle in the Principality of Serbia to study Nature. In May 1846, he arrived in Serbia where for the first seven years he worked as a physician in rural area. In 1847, he asked to be released from his Austrian citizenship and applied for Serbian citizenship,

594-459: The altitude of 1,420 metres (4,660 ft), in the valley of the Rečica creek. Under the 1st level of protection, it is the reserve of the mire ecosystem, especially of rare and endangered and endemic plants, amphibians and birds ( peregrine falcon , common buzzard , common redstart ). Soil erosion is a threat as there is a lot of logging and deforestation in the park. Kopaonik's flora has

627-723: The golden age of Serbia's botany. His most significant discovery was the Serbian Spruce , which he discovered near Zaovine on the Tara Mountain in 1875. He firmly established Serbian botany among European sciences. He ascertained that Serbia's flora was rich and worthy of further studies. During the Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1878) , he was the Chief Physician of the Belgrade Hospital. He

660-685: The highest peak of Kopaonik in 1951 by the Academy of Science, the University of Belgrade and the Hiking club, with the inscription: Honoring Pančić's request, we moved him here to rest forever. Here is his message to the Serbian youth: "Only with a thorough understanding and analysis of the nature of our country will they show how much they love and honor their homeland". A research society has been named after him, Josif Pančić Biological Research Society (Biološko istraživačko društvo "Josif Pančić"). He

693-573: The localities of Gornji Kaznovići (Rosulja and Lug), Greblje, Tomovićko Brdo and the Neolithic range of Beglučka. The mining fully developed during the Classical antiquity . The Romans began to dig the first proper mines and to build the surrounding settlements. The remains from this period include the archaeo-metallurgic complex Zajačak and the locality of Dobrinac in Rvati . Dobrinac originates from

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726-408: The mines of gold, silver, iron, copper, lead and zinc in the area. By that time, the mountain already hosted the colonies of Saxons , Kotorans and Ragusians . Besides old churches and monasteries like Đurđevi stupovi , Studenica monastery , Sopoćani and Gradac Monastery , there are also several early and medieval fortresses locally, built by Serbian dynasties. The nearest Serbian medieval castle

759-728: The park, with trees which are very old, large in size and still vital. Among them are the fir "of the hundred elbows" in Samokovska Reka, a spruce in Gobeljska Reka and three mountain sycamores in Kriva Reka. With several other beech localities in the national parks of Fruška Gora and Tara, beech forest Kozje Stene on Kopaonik have been submitted for the inclusion into the UNESCO World Heritage Site Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of

792-500: The quality of the habitat. An endemic butterfly, the Balkan postman , lives on the mountain. Kopaonik has 175 species of birds, including the protected ones like woodpecker and thrush . Other species include rock partridge , scops owl , red-backed shrike and wood lark . Major representatives of the mammalian fauna are wild boar and wild cat . After they went extinct on the mountain in 1856, 30 red deers were reintroduced in

825-409: The range were proclaimed a national park. The national park is situated on a relatively flat region, at an altitude of about 1,700 m (5,577 ft). This central Kopaonik plateau is called Suvo Rudište . It is surrounded by mountain peaks . To the north and northwest of this plateau stretches Banjski Kopaonik, which is the location of Jošanička Banja spa , whose strong springs' waters reach

858-529: The same year he met his future wife Lyudmila Mileva. In 1853, he moved from Kragujevac to Belgrade when he was first appointed adjunct professor at Belgrade Lyceum 's Department of Natural History and Agronomy by decree of Prince Alexander Karadjordjević , before becoming a full-time professor of Natural History and Agriculture in 1854, as decreed by the Ministry of Education of the Principality of Serbia . As Professor of Natural Sciences, he as one of

891-745: The six original professors (along with Konstantin Branković , Jovan Sterija Popović , Đura Daničić , Matija Ban , and Dimitrije Nešić ), of the Lyceum of the Principality of Serbia. He later became rector of the Great School (the future University of Belgrade) and the founder of the Institutes of Mineralogy and Geology , Zoologial and Botanical Departments and of the experimental botanical gardens in Belgrade. Pančić extensively documented

924-634: The temperature of 88 °C (190 °F). Directly below the Suvo Rudište plateau starts the valley of the Samokovska River, with its steep run, numerous rapids, falls and gorges . Kopaonik has over 200 sunny days annually and over 160 days covered by snow . There is also the Jelovarnik falls , the third highest waterfall in Serbia. Kopaonik has several excellent natural lookouts: Suvo Rudište, Gobelja, Karaman, Kukavica, Vučak and Treska. On

957-526: The then renowned botany professor, Joseph Sadler (Sadler József). Later, recalling those early lectures, he wrote: And since the first course in botany I started to love botany and decided to become a botanist, so I started to botanize excitedly and to collect plants around Pest and Buda,... While studying about botany at the Natural History Museum in Vienna , Pančić became acquainted with

990-525: Was a Serbian botanist , a doctor of medicine, a lecturer at the Great School (the future University of Belgrade ), and the first president of the Serbian Royal Academy . He extensively documented the flora of Serbia, and is credited with having classified many species of plants which were unknown to the botanical community at that time. Pančić is credited with discovering the Serbian spruce . He

1023-528: Was also used by the Romans , Venetians and Ottomans . Its current name, originally Kopalnik , is also connected to the ore mining as it comes from kopati , Serbian for digging. Kopaonik has a rich historical heritage. Oldest findings are from the Paleolithic and already show that local people used metals. Localities include Bela Stena, Veliki Krš and Jasova Bačija. Neolithic remains were discovered on

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1056-408: Was hit five times by earthquakes of Mercalli intensity VII to VIII between 1978 and 1985. The 1983 earthquake had an intensity of VIII ( Severe ) and affected 7 villages, leaving 200 people homeless, and damaging 1,200 buildings and dwellings. Due to its rich mines, Kopaonik was originally named Silver Mountain ( Serbian : Сребрна планина , romanized :  Srebrna planina ) and that name

1089-532: Was incorporated into the province. In Pančić's honor, marking the 100th anniversary of his first expedition, the highest point was renamed from Milan's Peak ( Milanov vrh ) to Pančić's Peak in 1951. A mausoleum was built on the peak and the remains of Pančić and his wife were reinterred in it. They were buried in the coffins made of Serbian spruce , which Pančić discovered. In 1981, due to its location, climate, rich forests, variety of herbs, and area for holiday and recreation, 121.06 km (46.74 sq mi) of

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