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45-472: Kai Tak Cruise Terminal is a cruise ship terminal on the former Kai Tak Airport runway in Hong Kong . Its completion date was delayed into 2013 due to re-tendering. Following an international competition, Foster + Partners was chosen to design the cruise terminal. The first ship berthed on 12 June 2013. The terminal has the capacity to berth two large 360-metre (1,180 ft) long vessels, which carry

90-467: A 1.8 km (1.1 mi)-long two-lane road, associated drainage, sewerage and water works, and a fireboat berth and public landing steps. The works will provide infrastructure to serve the early development of the southern part of the former runway area, which includes the first cruise terminal berth and a park. The works have been designed by AECOM Asia which will also supervise construction. Permanent Secretary for Development (Works), Mak Chai-kwong, and

135-413: A barometer or a weather station that records barometric pressure as well as temperature and provides rudimentary forecasting. For more sophisticated weather forecasting, cruisers rely on their ability to receive forecasts by radio, phone or satellite. In order to avoid collisions with other vessels, cruisers rely on a maintaining a regular watch schedule. At night, color-coded running lights help determine

180-409: A berth. Travel by water brings hazards: collision, weather, and equipment failure can lead to dangerous situations such as a sinking or severely disabled and dangerous vessel. For this reason many long-distance cruising yachts carry with them emergency equipment such as SARTs , EPIRBs and liferafts or proactive lifeboats. Medical emergencies are also of concern, as a medical emergency can occur on

225-596: A landscaped deck. On 9 July 2008, the Secretary for Commerce & Economic Development Frederick Ma announced that the Kai Tak cruise development project will be re-tendered as submissions received in the previous exercise did not conform with requirements. Ma said two submissions were received in the previous tendering exercise which closed in March. One submission called for hotel rooms to be individually sold off, while

270-449: A laptop computer, and with a compatible modem (e.g. PACTOR ) can send and receive email at very slow speed. Such emails are usually limited to basic communication using plain text, without HTML formatting or attachments. Awareness of impending weather conditions is particularly important to cruising sailors who are often far from safe harbours and need to steer clear of dangerous weather conditions. Most cruising boats are equipped with

315-600: A long passage when the closest port is over a week away. For this reason before going cruising many people go through first aid training and carry medical kits. In some parts of the world (e.g., near the Horn of Africa) piracy can be a problem. Foster %2B Partners Foster and Partners (also Foster + Partners ) is a British international architecture firm based in London, England, founded in 1967 by British architect and designer Lord Norman Foster . Foster and Partners

360-448: A long trip, while some non-sailors are also able to find boats willing to carry a hitch-hiker. Crew-finding websites exist to help match-up people looking for a crossing with yachts with a berth available or looking for a temporary crewmember, Find a Crew for example. Another common tactic for finding a yacht is to visit local yacht clubs and marinas and get to know the sailors there, in the hope that one of them will be able to provide

405-844: A long voyage can be a problem, so many cruising boats are equipped with other ancillary generating devices such as solar panels , wind turbines and towed turbines. Cruisers choosing to spend extended time in very remote locations with minimal access to marinas can opt to equip their vessels with watermakers ( reverse-osmosis seawater desalination units) used to convert sea water to potable fresh water . Satellite communications are becoming more common on cruising boats. Many boats are now equipped with satellite telephone systems; however, these systems can be expensive to use, and may operate only in certain areas. Many cruisers still use short wave maritime SSB and amateur radio , which has no running costs. These radios provide two-way voice communications, can receive weather fax graphics or GRIB files via

450-544: A long-distance sailing voyage for pleasure, circumnavigating the world between 1895 and 1898. Despite opinion that such a voyage was impossible, Slocum rebuilt a derelict 37-foot (11 m) sloop Spray and sailed her single-handed around the world. His book Sailing Alone Around the World was a classic adventure, and inspired many others to take to the seas. Other cruising authors have provided both inspiration and instruction to prospective cruisers. Key among these during

495-1028: A total of 5,400 passengers and 1,200 crew, as well as anticipating the demands of cruise liners currently on the drawing board. The Government announced that it would focus on the development of a new cruise terminal at Kai Tak development area to help Hong Kong become a regional transport hub for cruise ships. It was built by Dragages Hong Kong Limited and site formation was completed by Penta-Ocean Construction Company . The annual berth utilisation rate of Ocean Terminal in Tsim Sha Tsui , which offers two berths accommodating vessels of up to 50,000 tonnes (49,000 long tons), rose to 76% last year from 71% in 2003. Between 2001 and 2005, some 11 cruise vessels had to berth mid-stream and at container terminals because Ocean Terminal could not meet market demand. Hong Kong's Secretary for Economic Development, Stephen Ip , said Hong Kong needs an additional berths between 2009 and 2015, and one to two more berths beyond 2015 to capture

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540-519: A wide variety of cruise lines. Lines calling or scheduled to call at the KTCT include: * confirmed bookings as of Jan 2018 Passenger numbers based on ship’s declarations and do not include crew Cruising (maritime) "The sea, the great unifier, is man's only hope. Now, as never before, the old phrase has a literal meaning: We are all in the same boat." Jacques Cousteau Boats were almost exclusively used for working purposes prior to

585-407: A year or two off from work and school for shorter trips and the chance to experience the cruising lifestyle. Blue-water cruising which is defined as long term open sea cruising is more involved and inherently more dangerous than coastal cruising. Before embarking on an open-ocean voyage, planning and preparation will include studying charts, weather reports/warnings, almanacs and navigation books of

630-450: Is a supremely calming experience, an antidote to the pressures of life in a fast-paced world, in surroundings that are comfortable without being fussy or pretentious, with good food and enjoyable company." River cruising is a major component of the tourist industry in many parts of the world. Cruisers use a variety of equipment and techniques to make their voyages possible, or simply more comfortable. The use of wind vane self-steering

675-430: Is always enjoyable, but there is a vast difference as to how easy it is to manage - especially short-handed . This is where furling sails come into play, and these vary from the more specialized types of furling spinnakers to combined products such as the blue water runner-type of sails. Purchasing and maintaining a yacht can be costly. Most cruising sailors do not own a house and consider their boat their home during

720-415: Is always granted ' innocent passage ' through the country (most countries usually claim up to 22 km (14 mi) off the coast ). When this method is practiced however, if the ship needs to stop (e.g. for repairs), a trip to a customs checkpoint to have passports checked would be required. Voyage along inland waterways are called river cruises , which often involved stopping at multiple ports along

765-635: Is made up of Worldwide Flight Services , Royal Caribbean Cruises and Neo Crown. Mariner of the Seas was the first cruise ship to dock at the new terminal on 12 June 2013. Roughly 80% of the ship calls at the Kai Tak Cruise Terminal have been turnaround or 'homeporting' calls. The first major homeport season was by Voyager of the Seas, which was based at Kai Tak from June to October 2015. The Kai Tak Cruise Terminal ("KTCT") commenced operation in 2013 and has since welcomed cruise ships from

810-608: The Pritzker Architecture Prize and the Stirling Prize . The firm was established by Norman Foster in 1967 shortly after leaving his first studio, Team 4 . The firm was originally called Foster Associates before the name was changed to Foster & Partners in 1999. In 2007, the private equity company 3i took a stake in the practice. The practice regained complete ownership in June 2014, when

855-499: The 140 partners bought it back. In October 2021, Foster + Partners was bought for an undisclosed sum by a Canadian private investment firm, Hennick & Company, which became the single biggest shareholder of the practice. Foster retains a controlling interest. Notable projects ordered by year of completion and type: In June 2008, The Guardian criticized real estate development in a pristine seacoast area in Bulgaria , which

900-538: The ARC ( Atlantic Rally for Cruisers ), have encouraged less experienced sailors to undertake ocean crossings. These rallies provide a group of sailors crossing the same ocean at the same time with safety inspections, weather information and social functions. Cruising is done on both sail and power boats, monohulls and multihulls although sail predominates over longer distances, as ocean-going power boats are considerably more expensive to purchase and operate. The size of

945-604: The Managing Director of Dragages Hong Kong Limited, Nicolas Borit, signed a design and build contract for the Kai Tak Cruise Terminal Building on 8 May 2010. The first berth was to be commissioned in mid-2013 and was to be capable of accommodating the world's largest cruise vessels. The second berth was to commence operation in 2014 for berthing medium-sized cruise vessels. The second berth will be ready from early 2016. The cruise terminal

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990-634: The Middle East and wrote a popular book about his experiences, A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe . In 1866, Macgregor was a moving force behind the establishment of the Royal Canoe Club , the first club in the world to promote pleasure cruising. The first recorded regatta was held on April 27, 1867, and it received Royal patronage in 1873. The latter part of the century saw cruising for leisure being enthusiastically taken up by

1035-592: The Netherlands. Partner in the Bouygues-led consortium which won the tender, is Amsterdam Port Consultants (APC) which consists of Haven Amsterdam, the government owner of the PTA terminal, and Ingenieursbureau Lievense, which was responsible for the design of PTA. The Dutch terminal, PTA, although smaller was chosen as a model for the new Hong Kong terminal on the basis of PTA's multifunctionality. On 8 March 2012,

1080-541: The Worldwide Cruise Terminals Consortium was awarded the right to operate and manage the cruise terminal at Kai Tak. The consortium is required to pay the government a fixed rent of around HK$ 13 million for the 10-year operation. In addition, the government will receive a percentage of the operator's gross receipts as variable rent, with the percentage increasing from 7.3 per cent to 34 per cent as gross receipts rise. The grouping

1125-550: The ability to interface charts and radar images. Those that still wish to work with traditional charts as well as with GPS may do so using a Yeoman Plotter . Certain advanced sailing vessels have a completely automated sailing system which includes a plotter, as well as course correcting through a link with the ship's steering organs (e.g. sails, propeller). One such device can be found at the Maltese Falcon . There are also sails made with cruising in mind. Sailing downwind

1170-592: The canoes and kayaks of the Native Americans on a camping trip in 1858, and on his return to the United Kingdom constructed his own 'double-ended' canoe in Lambeth . The boat, nicknamed 'Rob Roy' after a famous relative of his, was built of lapstrake oak planking, decked in cedar covered with rubberized canvas with an open cockpit in the center. He cruised around the waterways of Britain, Europe and

1215-401: The duration of their cruise. Many cruisers find they spend, on average, 4% of their boat's purchase price annually on boat maintenance. Like living a conventional life on land, the cost of cruising is variable. How much a person ends up spending depends largely on their spending habits (for example, eating out a lot and frequenting marinas vs. preparing local foods aboard and anchoring out) and

1260-414: The first half of next year to expedite the pace of development, followed by invitation of tenders in the fourth quarter . The tender was to be awarded in the second quarter of 2008. The estimated development cost , excluding that for the commercial area, was about $ 2.4 billion HKD . The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government issued an open tender on 9 November 2007 for the development of

1305-409: The growth of the regional cruise market. The Government at first adopted a market-driven approach in the new development. Selected through an open tender exercise, the successful bidder would have owned the 76,000 square metres (19 acres) of land for a 50-year period and form the site as well as design, build and operate the terminal. A pre-tender consultation with relevant trades was conducted in

1350-518: The middle class. The author Robert Louis Stevenson wrote An Inland Voyage in 1877 as a travelogue on his canoeing trip through France and Belgium . Stevenson and his companion, Sir Walter Grindlay Simpson travelled in two 'Rob Roys' along the Oise River and witnessed the Romantic beauty of rural Europe. The Canadian-American Joshua Slocum was one of the first people to carry out

1395-550: The new cruise terminal. The new cruise terminal is designed with about 30,000 square metres (320,000 sq ft) for a baggage handling area, a passenger waiting/queuing area, a customs, immigration and health quarantine area and accommodation for other government departments; a maximum of 50,000 square metres (540,000 sq ft) in the cruise terminal building was set aside for such purposes as hotels, retail space, convention halls, offices, shops and eating places; and at least 22,000 square metres (240,000 sq ft) for

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1440-530: The nineteenth century. In 1857, the philosopher Henry David Thoreau , with his book Canoeing in Wilderness chronicling his canoe voyaging in the wilderness of Maine, is considered the first to convey the enjoyment of spiritual and lifestyle aspects of cruising. The modern conception of cruising for pleasure was first popularised by the Scottish explorer and sportsman John MacGregor . He was introduced to

1485-471: The other asked to develop more commercial area. Subject to lawmakers' approval, the Government will re-tender the site by year's end, aiming to award the tender by the third quarter of 2009. The first berth of the new cruise terminal was expected to begin operation by the second quarter of 2013. The Government wanted to seek lawmakers' approval to fund the site formation works and facilities required for

1530-418: The position and orientation of vessels. Radar and AIS systems are often employed to detect vessels positions and movement in all conditions (day, night, rain and fog). Cruisers navigate using paper charts and radar . Modern yachts are often also equipped with a chartplotter which enables the use of electronic charts and is linked to GPS satellites that provide position reports. Some chartplotters have

1575-513: The post World War II period are Electa and Irving Johnson , Miles and Beryl Smeeton , Bernard Moitessier , Peter Pye , and Eric and Susan Hiscock. During the 1970s - 1990s Robin Lee Graham , Lin and Larry Pardey , Annie Hill , Herb Payson, Linda and Steve Dashew, Margaret and Hal Roth , and Beth Leonard & Evans Starzinger have provided inspiration for people to set off voyaging. The development of ocean crossing rallies, most notably

1620-413: The provision of government services in the fourth quarter of 2008. At that time, the estimated cost ranges from $ 1.8 billion to $ 2 billion. The Civil Engineering & Development Department awarded a $ 407 million contract for stage-one infrastructure works at the former Kai Tak Airport on 2 September 2009. Works started on 4 September for completion in four years. The contract comprises the construction of

1665-441: The route to be followed. In addition, supplies need to be stocked (including fresh water and fuel), navigation instruments checked and the ship itself needs to be inspected and the crew needs to be given exact instruction on the jobs are expected to perform (e.g. the watch, which is generally 4 hours on and 4 hours off, navigation, steering, rigging sails, ...). In addition, the crew needs to be well trained at working together and with

1710-416: The ship in question. Finally, the sailor must be mentally prepared for dealing with harsh situations. There have been many well-documented cases where sailors had to be rescued simply because they were not sufficiently prepared (the sailors as well as the ship) or lacked experience for their venture and ran into serious trouble. Sailing near the coast (coastal cruising) gives a certain amount of safety. A ship

1755-512: The terminal's restaurants and shops. This flexibility ensures that the building will be used all year round and can fully utilize down time. The sustainable design combines a number of energy-saving measures, and will generate power from renewable sources, as well as making use of recycled rain water for cooling. The design, routing and functionality of the new terminal are based on the much smaller Passenger Terminal Amsterdam (PTA) in Amsterdam ,

1800-422: The type of boat (fancy modern production boats are very expensive to purchase and maintain, while low-key cruising boats often involve much lower expenses). Most long-term cruisers prefer to live a simple life, usually with far lower expenses than people who live ashore. An alternative solution is to sail on someone else's yacht. Those who know how to sail can sometimes find boats looking for an extra crewmember for

1845-411: The typical cruising boat has increased over the years and is currently in the range of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 50 feet) although smaller boats have been used in around-the-world trips, but are generally not recommended given the dangers involved. Many cruisers are "long term" and travel for many years, the most adventurous among them circle the globe over a period of three to ten years. Many others take

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1890-403: The way. As many cities and towns are built around rivers and historically have relied on maritime transport , river cruise docks are frequently located in the center of cities and towns. According to Douglas Ward, "A river cruise represents life in the slow lane, sailing along at a gentle pace, soaking up the scenery, with plentiful opportunities to explore riverside towns and cities en route. It

1935-585: Was common on long-distance cruising yachts but is increasingly being supplemented or replaced by electrical auto-pilots. Though in the past many cruisers had no means of generating electricity on board and depended on kerosene and dry-cell batteries , today electrical demands are much higher and nearly all cruisers have electrical devices such as lights, communications equipment and refrigeration. Although most boats can generate power from their inboard engines, an increasing number carry auxiliary generators. Carrying sufficient fuel to power engine and generator over

1980-439: Was designed by architects Foster + Partners . The terminal currently has the capacity to disembark a total of 8,400 (peak design load) or 5400 (base design load) passengers and 1,200 crew and its design also anticipates the demands of a new generation of larger cruise liners currently being designed. The interior, which spans 70 metres (230 ft), can be converted into a venue for performances, events and exhibitions, supported by

2025-947: Was involved of the design of major projects around the world such the Gherkin in London, the Hearst Tower in New York City, the 1990s renovation of the Reichstag in Berlin, the Millau Viaduct in France, and Hong Kong International Airport . In addition to architectural design, the firm’s practice encompasses engineering and industrial design. As of 2021, the firm had approximately 1,500 employees in New York City , Hong Kong , and Madrid . The firm has won

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