125-593: There are two buildings named Hearst Tower : Hearst Tower (Manhattan) Hearst Tower (Charlotte) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Hearst Tower . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hearst_Tower&oldid=932868878 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
250-514: A green building as part of the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ( LEED ) program. Hearst Magazine Building developer William Randolph Hearst acquired the site for a theater in the mid-1920s, in the belief that the area would become the city's next large entertainment district, but changed his plans to construct a magazine headquarters there. The original building was developed as
375-418: A 1920 book, Eno writes that prior to the implementation of his plan, traffic went around the circle in both directions, causing accidents almost daily. The 1905 plan, which he regarded as temporary, created a counterclockwise traffic pattern with a "safety zone" in the center of the circle for cars stopping; however, the circle was too narrow for the normal flow of traffic. Eno also wrote of a permanent plan, with
500-473: A 200-by-200-foot site along Eighth Avenue from 56th to 57th Street, near the 57th Street artistic hub. That April, he acquired the property title for the site. Hearst gradually acquired large areas of land around the intersection of Eighth Avenue and 57th Street, though none of the other sites were developed. Metropolitan Opera director Otto Hermann Kahn had begun planning a new opera house to replace an existing building at 39th Street and Broadway at
625-577: A 600-seat secondary auditorium in the basement and a planned 1929 completion date. The Hearst Corporation acquired the land under the building in 1930 for $ 2.25 million or $ 2.5 million. With the onset of the Great Depression shortly after the Hearst Magazine Building's completion, planning for its upper stories stalled for over a decade. The New York Evening Journal , one of Hearst's newspapers, transferred ownership of
750-494: A cost of $ 100,000. However, delays arose due to the need to maintain traffic flows through the circle during construction. The project was ultimately completed that December. The entirety of Eighth Avenue south of Columbus Circle was converted to northbound-only traffic in 1950. In 1956, in preparation for the opening of the New York Coliseum on Columbus Circle's west side, traffic on Central Park West and Broadway
875-461: A counterpart to Los Angeles' studio zone . The New York City government employee handbook considers a trip beyond a 75-mile radius from Columbus Circle as long-distance travel. The circle became known as a center for soapbox orators in the early-mid 20th century, comparable to Speakers Corner in London. It became a home particularly for non-leftists in contrast to Union Square , and for
1000-423: A large archway flanked by a pair of smaller, rectangular doorways. The archway has gray granite panels at its base and voussoirs and a beveled keystone at its top, overlapping with a balcony. The barrel-vaulted vestibule inside the archway contains embossed octagonal coffers . The far western end of the vestibule has an entrance with a bronze frame and four glass doors beneath a bronze-and-glass transom . There
1125-462: A large window on each story; a bracket above the second story; and a parapet atop the third story. The building remains an active firehouse of the FDNY. 3, 4, 5, and 6 Columbus Circle are the numbers given to four buildings on the south side of 58th Street. From east to west, the buildings are numbered 5, 3, 4, and 6 Columbus Circle. 5 Columbus Circle (also known by its address, 1790 Broadway),
1250-434: A limestone base with a large entrance arch; a limestone-and-brick facade on the second and third stories; a bracketed cornice over the third story; and a hip roof on the fourth story, with a dormer window. The stable was one of several on that block of West 58th Street in the early 20th century, and is the only remaining former stable on the block. The adjoining firehouse of Engine Company 23, at 215 West 58th Street,
1375-658: A plan to reorganize traffic in the "Columbus-Central Park Zone", Eno's circular-traffic plan was abolished in November 1929, and traffic was allowed to go around the circle in both directions. Central Park West, a one-way street that formerly carried southbound traffic into the circle, was now one-way northbound. The bidirectional entrance roads into Central Park, which fed into northbound and eastbound West Drive , were both changed to one-way streets because West Drive had been changed from bidirectional to one-way southbound and eastbound. Traffic going straight through Columbus Circle
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#17327657296021500-464: A security precaution against possible attacks from the street. The offset core also enables the office floors to have an open plan , without interior columns. To compensate for the offset service core and lack of interior columns, the tower's weight is supported by the exterior diagrid (which is braced by the service core). Since the layer of bedrock under the Hearst Tower varies in depth,
1625-410: A time in the late 1930s it became a home to a number of far right speakers. The area sometimes had a poor reputation for cranks and street preachers , the "lunatic fringe whose tub-thumping make a nightmare of Columbus Circle" condemned by a New York Court of Appeals ruling in a case related to elsewhere in the city, that prompted mid-20th century configurations , but was also sometimes showcased by
1750-549: A tower atop the Hearst Magazine Building in the early 1980s. A restoration of the building had then been recently completed. During much of that decade, the Hearst Corporation rapidly acquired media companies such as magazines, publishers, and television stations. In 1982, the LPC began considering city-landmark designation for the Hearst Magazine Building. Further discussions of landmark status took place in 1987, and
1875-410: A zoning bonus which enabled its maximum floor area to be expanded by six floors or 120,000 square feet (11,000 m ), a twenty-percent increase from the previous maximum allowed floor area of 600,000 square feet (56,000 m ). The Hearst Corporation agreed to improve access to the subway station underneath in return, adding three elevators and reconfiguring the station's circulation areas. Without
2000-595: Is a 286-foot (87 m), 20-story tower on the southeast corner of Broadway and 58th Street. It was originally built as the headquarters of the United States Rubber Company (U.S. Rubber) in 1912. It was part of Broadway's "Automobile Row" during the early 20th century. The lobby contains part of a flagship store for Nordstrom , which extends into the Central Park Tower and 1776 Broadway. Between Eighth Avenue and Broadway on
2125-405: Is a city-designated landmark and a National Registered Historic Place . 240 Central Park South has 28 stories across two apartment blocks, and is variously quoted as having either 325, 326, or 327 apartments. The building contains several roof gardens , and from the outset, was marketed toward people who wanted suburban lifestyles. On Central Park South, just east of 240 Central Park South,
2250-500: Is a subway entrance on the right (north) side of the Eighth Avenue entrance vestibule. On either side of the entrance arch, the Eighth Avenue elevation contains glass and metal storefronts at ground level and seven sash windows on the second story. On 57th Street, a former secondary entrance was altered to create a storefront topped by a window. There is another subway entrance on the left of the original doorway. The remainder of
2375-524: Is complemented by Riverlines, a 70-foot-tall (21 m) fresco by Richard Long . The atrium has two mezzanines; one contains a 380-seat cafeteria, and the other houses an exhibition area. The cafeteria, Cafe 57, is used by Hearst employees and visitors. The north side of the atrium has a screening room. Two storefronts are at ground level under the atrium: an anchor space with about 12,000 square feet (1,100 m ), and another space with about 2,500 square feet (230 m ). The tower begins with
2500-490: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Hearst Tower (Manhattan) The Hearst Tower is a building at the southwest corner of 57th Street and Eighth Avenue , near Columbus Circle , in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City , United States. It is the world headquarters of media conglomerate Hearst Communications , housing many of
2625-402: Is on Eighth Avenue. The original structure is clad with stone and contains six pylons with sculptural groups. The tower section above has a glass-and-metal facade arranged as a diagrid , or diagonal grid, which doubles as its structural system. The original office space in the Hearst Magazine Building was replaced with an atrium during the Hearst Tower's construction. The tower is certified as
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#17327657296022750-417: Is supported by steel columns on its perimeter. The original framework was intended to support at least seven additional stories. Joseph Urban's original plans for the tower no longer exist but, by some accounts, it would have been up to 20 stories tall. The Hearst Magazine Building had six elevator shafts, double or triple the expected number of elevators for a building of its size. A white-brick penthouse
2875-531: Is the Gainsborough Studios . Designed by Charles W. Buckham, it was built between 1907 and 1908 as artists' cooperative housing, and rises 16 stories with 34 studio units, some of them double-story units. The facade has a bust of the English painter Thomas Gainsborough , a bas-relief by Isidore Konti , and tile murals by Henry Chapman Mercer . It is a New York City designated landmark. To
3000-409: Is the tower's structural support system. The diagrid divides the tower's sides horizontally into four-story segments and diagonally into alternating upright and inverted triangles, which intersect at "nodes" along points of the facade. The arrangement of the diagrid creates chamfered "birds' mouths" at the tower's corners at the 14th, 22nd, 30th, and 38th floors. The New York Times wrote that
3125-534: The Hearst Magazine Building at Eighth Avenue and 57th Street in 1928. Hearst had envisioned the creation of a large Midtown headquarters for his company near Columbus Circle, in the belief that the area would become the city's next large entertainment district. By the late 1920s, Hearst was acquiring large amounts of land in the area in an effort to create a "Hearst Plaza" near Columbus Circle. The Hearst Magazine Building, later expanded into
3250-603: The Hearst Tower , is the only remnant of this scheme, the other parts of the proposal having collapsed in the Great Depression . To the west of the circle is a superblock spanning two streets, bounded by Broadway, 60th Street, Ninth Avenue, 58th Street, and Eighth Avenue. The superblock was formerly two separate blocks. In 1901 the first theatre built in the Columbus Circle area, the Circle Theatre ,
3375-614: The Huntington Hartford Gallery of Modern Art. Vacated when the city's Department of Cultural Affairs departed in 1998, 2 Columbus Circle was listed as one of the World Monuments Fund 's " 100 most endangered sites " in 2006. After a renovation by architect Brad Cloepfil , the building became the new home of the Museum of Arts and Design in 2008. Its radical transformation was controversial for
3500-475: The IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line , used by the 1 , 2 , and 3 trains) required the excavation of the circle, and the column and streetcar tracks through the area were put on temporary wooden stilts. As part of the subway line's construction, the 59th Street–Columbus Circle station was built underneath the circle. During construction, traffic in the circle
3625-490: The Independent Subway System 's Eighth Avenue Line and zoning regulations which permitted skyscrapers along that section of Eighth Avenue. By January 1928, the Hearst Magazine Building was nearly completed, having cost $ 2 million (equivalent to $ 28 million in 2023 ). Urban and Post drew up plans for a street-level 1,000-seat concert hall shortly after the Hearst Magazine Building was finished, with
3750-551: The Moinian Group purchased the building in 2000, the building assumed its current name; a subsequent renovation refurbished the exterior and removed all remnants of the Colonnade Building. A neon sign for CNN was located on the roof of the building from the mid-2000s to 2015. A Nordstrom annex is at the base of 3 Columbus Circle. 4 Columbus Circle, an eight-story low-rise located at 989 Eighth Avenue at
3875-512: The New York City Subway 's 59th Street–Columbus Circle station are in the base of the tower. The Hearst Tower, and the Hearst Magazine Building at its base, are near a former artistic hub around a two-block section of West 57th Street between Sixth Avenue and Broadway . The hub had been developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, after the opening of Carnegie Hall on Seventh Avenue in 1891. The area contained
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4000-604: The Shops at Columbus Circle mall, Jazz at Lincoln Center , the New York City studio headquarters of CNN , and the Mandarin Oriental, New York hotel. The mall inside the complex includes prestigious restaurants in the center such as Bad Roman, Per Se , and Masa . The north side of Columbus Circle is bounded by Broadway, Central Park West, and 61st Street. In 1911, Hearst bought this city block. The plot
4125-668: The Theater District is to the southeast and the Lincoln Square section of the Upper West Side is to the northwest. The traffic circle , located at Eighth Avenue/Central Park West , Broadway , and 59th Street/Central Park South , was designed as part of Frederick Law Olmsted 's 1857 vision for Central Park, which included a rotary on the southwest corner of the park. It abuts the Merchant's Gate, one of
4250-500: The USS Maine National Monument . The USS Maine monument was designed by Harold Van Buren Magonigle and sculpted by Attilio Piccirilli , who did the colossal group and figures, and Charles Keck , who was responsible for the "In Memoriam" plaque. An imposing Beaux-Arts edifice of marble and gilded bronze, it was dedicated in 1913 and was funded by Hearst. The statue is a memorial to sailors killed aboard
4375-550: The battleship USS Maine , whose mysterious 1898 explosion in Havana harbor precipitated the Spanish–American War . Actors' Equity was founded in 1913 in the old Pabst Grand Circle Hotel, on the southern side of the circle. The original structure at 2 Columbus Circle was torn down in 1960. It was replaced by 2 Columbus Circle , an International Modernist tower designed by architect Edward Durrell Stone to house
4500-457: The curtain wall was installed at a rate of one floor every six days. The Hearst Tower was topped out on February 10, 2005. The first employees moved into the tower during the last week of June 2006, but it was not officially completed until that October. The Hearst Tower cost a total of $ 500 million. Shortly after completion, it was the first New York City building to receive a LEED Gold certification for its overall design. Because of
4625-528: The "Christopher Columbus [monument] is safe and serene, but he's the only thing in the Circle that is." At the time, there were eight entrance and exit points to Columbus Circle: two each from 59th Street/Central Park South, to the west and east; Broadway, to the northwest and southeast; Eighth Avenue/Central Park West, to the south and north; and within Central Park to the northeast. Moreover, streetcars on
4750-400: The 56th Street facade are grouped into six pairs, separated by pilasters which were designed to emphasize the upper, never-built stories. A clerestory wraps around the seventh through tenth floors atop the base, structurally separating the tower from the base. The tower facade has a triangular framing pattern known as a diagrid (short for "diagonal grid") above the tenth floor, which
4875-502: The Columbus monument. Traffic from southbound Broadway and northbound Eighth Avenue would use the western chord, and northbound Broadway and southbound Central Park West would use the eastern chord. The center of the circle would be refurbished with a tree-lined plaza, and pedestrian traffic from the north and south would be able to pass through the center of the circle. The exit into Columbus Circle from West Drive would be eliminated, and
5000-406: The Eighth Avenue and 57th Street facades are identical, with two pylons each. The left pylon on both entrances contains sculpture groups depicting comedy and tragedy, and the right pylon contains sculptures representing music and art. Similar pylons rise in front of the northeast and southeast corners of the base. The northeast-corner pylon contains a group representing printing and the sciences, and
5125-542: The Hearst Magazine Building was little more than a standard Art Deco building. Christopher Gray , another Times reporter, described the structure as having a funereal quality. William Randolph Hearst left little indication of what he thought the Hearst Magazine Building represented. Critics noted the tower's contrast with the older base. The architectural critics Justin Davidson and Edwin Heathcote both described
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5250-744: The Hearst Tower among the top 150 buildings in the United States. The tower received a British Construction Industry Award in 2007, and it was a runner-up for the Royal Institute of British Architects ' Lubetkin Prize. The Hearst Tower received the 10-Year Award from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat in 2016, which cited the tower's "structural complexity" as a consideration in its value and performance. Since 2018, Hearst Television stations have used on-screen graphics based on
5375-454: The Hearst Tower began on April 30, 2003, and the Hearst Magazine Building's interior was demolished in the middle of that year. The original framework was left intact until new steel beams were installed, and the landmark facade was preserved and cleaned for $ 6 million. Steel construction began in March 2004. The floor slabs were installed at an average rate of one floor every four days, and
5500-654: The Helen Miller Gould Stable and the firehouse of Engine Company 23. The four-story horse stable, at 213 West 58th Street, was designed by York and Sawyer in the French Renaissance style for wealthy philanthropist Helen Miller Gould . Completed in 1902–1903 on the site of an existing stable, the stable became Allan Murray 's shoe shop in the 1950s, and has served as the Unity Center of Practical Christianity since 1982. It has
5625-414: The LPC granted landmark status to the building's facade on February 16, 1988. The designation meant that the LPC had to approve any proposed changes to the Hearst Magazine Building exterior. Beyer Blinder Belle proposed a 34-story green-glass tower during the late 1980s, which did not come to fruition. The Hearst Magazine Building was too small to house all the Hearst Corporation divisions, although it
5750-422: The LPC in 1982, said that the structure was designed in "an unusual style, by an unusual (and unusually talented) designer". Architectural writer Eric Nash wrote in 1999 that the Hearst Magazine Building was a vestige of the original tower that had been planned on the site. Two years later, Herbert Muschamp of The New York Times wrote that, despite Urban's experience with both theatrical design and architecture,
5875-562: The New York City Department of Buildings the following year, when the tower was estimated to cost $ 1.3 million. The additional stories were never completed; a New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) report about the building did not specify a reason for this. The Hearst Magazine Building retained most of its original architecture throughout the 20th century, though the ground-level storefronts were replaced in 1970. The Hearst Corporation again began planning
6000-604: The New York Times Building, led one architect to say: "My guess is Hearst wanted to outdo the Times ." Despite the September 11 attacks later that year, the Hearst Corporation decided to proceed with the project. Foster said that the board felt that "If we don't do anything, [the terrorists] have won". Following the attacks, Foster and Hearst decided to restrict visitor access to part of the atrium and relocate
6125-469: The areas within 25 miles (40 km) or 75 miles (121 km) from Columbus Circle. The travel area for recipients of a C-2 visa , which is issued for the purpose of immediate and continuous transit to or from the headquarters of the United Nations , is limited to a 25-mile radius of Columbus Circle. The same circle coincidentally defines the city's " film zone" that local unions operate in,
6250-399: The base for a larger tower, which was postponed because of the Great Depression . A subsequent expansion proposal, during the 1940s, also failed. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the facade of the original building as a city landmark in 1988. After Hearst Communications considered expanding the structure again during the 1980s, the tower stories were developed in
6375-401: The basement collects rainwater from the building's roof, some of which is pumped through the lobby's waterfall. The furniture and lights were designed to be energy-efficient. Two executive stories have daylight dimming systems, which dim when there is sunlight; the other office stories have daylight switching systems, which turn off when there is sunlight. About 85 percent of the material from
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#17327657296026500-702: The beams and "birds' mouths" run at a 75-degree angle to the horizontal floor slabs; another author cites the beams as running at a 65-degree angle. The structural system, similar to the Commerzbank Tower in Frankfurt and 30 St Mary Axe in London, was developed in conjunction with Ysrael Seinuk . The triangles in the diagrid are prefabricated panels, which were manufactured by the Cives Steel Company in New York and Virginia. Each of
6625-480: The building into a mixed-purpose hotel and condominium tower. Renovations started in 1995, and were completed by 1997. The building was stripped to its steel skeleton and reclad in a new facade, becoming the Trump International Hotel and Tower. The steel globe outside the building was installed in this renovation. On the northeast lies the Merchant's Gate to Central Park , dominated by
6750-550: The building to Hearst Magazines in 1937 as part of a reorganization of Hearst Corporation properties. At the time, the building was valued at $ 3.253 million (equivalent to $ 54.19 million in 2023 ); Hearst owed $ 126 million (equivalent to $ 2.1 billion in 2023 ) and was selling his holdings. He considered borrowing an additional $ 35.5 million, part of which was to repurchase the Hearst Magazine Building, but ultimately reconsidered. In 1945, George B. Post & Sons prepared plans for nine additional stories. The plans were filed with
6875-410: The building's environmental features, its operating costs were 25 percent lower than those of a typical similar-sized skyscraper. The LEED certification was upgraded to Platinum in 2012. Although the upper floors were quickly occupied, the ground-floor retail space remained vacant for several years; any retail lease had to be approved by several Hearst Corporation officials, and the space's asking price
7000-481: The center of the 25 miles (40 km) restricted-travel area for C-2 visa holders. The circle is named after the monument of Christopher Columbus in the center, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The name is also used for the neighborhood that surrounds the circle for a few blocks in each direction. Hell's Kitchen , also known as Clinton, is located to the southwest, and
7125-406: The center of the circle in 1892. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The five streets radiating from the circle separate the immediate surrounding area into five distinct portions. In the early 20th century, much of the development around Columbus Circle was spurred by magazine publisher William Randolph Hearst , who acquired several plots before he ultimately erected
7250-407: The chamfered corners. With the construction of the Hearst Tower, the base's facade was retrofitted to meet updated city seismic codes. Because the original office space was replaced with an atrium in the Hearst Tower's construction, the windows on the third through sixth stories of the facade now illuminate the atrium. The main entrance, at the center of the Eighth Avenue elevation , contains
7375-483: The circle was planned for further renovations, with a proposed park 200 feet (61 m) across. The design for a full renovation of the circle was finalized in 2001. The project started in 2003, and was completed in 2005. It included a new water fountain by Water Entertainment Technologies , who also designed the Fountains of Bellagio ; benches made of ipe wood ; and plantings encircling the monument. The fountain,
7500-531: The circle. In June 1949, it was announced that the reconstruction of Columbus Circle would finally begin. Work on removing the abandoned trolley tracks commenced in August. In conjunction with Columbus Circle's rehabilitation, the New York City Department of Transportation designed a variable traffic light system for the circle. The project was originally set to be complete by November 1949 at
7625-460: The circle. Under the circle is the New York City Subway 's 59th Street–Columbus Circle station , served by the 1 , 2 , A , B , C , and D trains. Columbus Circle is the traditional municipal zero-mile point from which all official city distances are measured, although Google Maps uses New York City Hall for this purpose. For decades, Hagstrom sold maps that showed
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#17327657296027750-401: The circle. Local north–south traffic and all east–west traffic would go around the circle's perimeter in a counterclockwise direction, along a 45-foot-long (14 m) roadway. Through north–south traffic on Broadway, Eighth Avenue, and Central Park West would use two 71-foot-wide (22 m) divided roadways with 5-foot-wide (1.5 m) landscaped medians, running in chords on either side of
7875-536: The city awarded a $ 20 million contract to Olin Partnership and Vollmer Associates to create a new design for the circle. The circle was refurbished in 1991–1992 as part of the 500th-anniversary celebration of Columbus's arrival in the Americas. In 1998, as a result of the study, the circular-traffic plan was reinstated, with all traffic going around the circle in a counterclockwise direction. The center of
8000-480: The development of other media headquarters nearby, such as the planned New York Times Building and the Condé Nast Building at 4 Times Square . Hearst reportedly met with Polshek Partnership early in the planning process. In February 2001, the Hearst Corporation announced that it had hired Norman Foster to design a tower addition. Foster's selection, which followed his failed bid to design
8125-528: The diagrid of the tower's facade. Columbus Circle Columbus Circle is a traffic circle and heavily trafficked intersection in the New York City borough of Manhattan , located at the intersection of Eighth Avenue , Broadway , Central Park South ( West 59th Street ), and Central Park West , at the southwest corner of Central Park . The circle is the point from which official highway distances from New York City are measured , as well as
8250-426: The early 20th century. The tower, designed by Norman Foster , was completed in 2006—almost eight decades after the base was built. The Hearst Corporation and Tishman Speyer developed the tower; WSP Global was the structural engineer, and Turner Construction was the main contractor. The two sections have a combined height of 597 feet (182 m), with forty-six stories above ground. Its base occupies nearly
8375-473: The east of 240 Central Park South and the Gainsborough Studios is 220 Central Park South , a 70-story residential skyscraper designed by Robert A.M. Stern Architects and SLCE Architects , and completed in 2019. The building contains some of the most expensive residences ever sold in New York City. On 58th Street, east of 220 Central Park South, are two New York City designated landmarks:
8500-400: The east. It is one block south of Deutsche Bank Center (formerly Time Warner Center) and 2 Columbus Circle . The base of the Hearst Tower has three street addresses: 951–969 Eighth Avenue, 301–313 West 56th Street, and 302–312 West 57th Street. The site is a nearly-square lot covering 40,166 square feet (3,731.5 m ) and measuring 200 by 200.83 feet (60.96 by 61.21 m). Entrances to
8625-439: The entrance to West Drive would be relocated. In a related development, the 59th Street trolley route's tracks would be removed. This was crucial to the reorganization of the circle, as the trolley had already been discontinued. The proposed reorganization of Columbus Circle was widely praised by civic groups and city officials. On the other hand, William Phelps Eno advocated for a return to his original 1905 proposal. However,
8750-435: The failure of the city's Landmarks Preservation Commission to hold hearings on its worthiness for designation. Several buildings are on the block bordering the circle's southeast section. 240 Central Park South , a balconied moderne apartment building across Broadway from the museum, is directly on the southeast corner of the circle. Built between 1939 and 1940 to designs by Albert Mayer and Julian Whittlesey , it
8875-566: The firm's publications and communications companies. The Hearst Tower consists of two sections, with a total height of 597 feet (182 m) and 46 stories. The six lowest stories form the Hearst Magazine Building (also known as the International Magazine Building ), designed by Joseph Urban and George B. Post & Sons, which was completed in 1928. Above it is the Hearst Tower addition, designed by Norman Foster and finished in 2006. The building's main entrance
9000-466: The first decade of the 21st century. The Hearst Tower is on the border of the Hell's Kitchen and Midtown Manhattan neighborhoods of New York City , two blocks south of Columbus Circle . It is bounded by 56th Street on the south, Eighth Avenue on the east, and 57th Street on the north. The building faces Central Park Place on the north, 3 Columbus Circle on the northeast, and Random House Tower on
9125-399: The former three streets did not go counterclockwise around the rotary, but rather, both tracks of all three streetcar routes went around one side of the monument, creating frequent conflicts between streetcars and automobiles using the rotary in opposite directions. The police officers patrolling the circle had to manage the 58,000 cars that entered Columbus Circle every 12 hours. As part of
9250-425: The ground-story facades at 57th and 56th Streets also contain glass and metal storefronts, with loading docks on the far western section of the 56th Street facade. The base contains six pylons , which are supported by stone pedestals with sculptural groupings on the third story and topped by sculpted urns above the sixth story. The pylons indicate that the building was originally planned as a theater. The centers of
9375-625: The headquarters of several organizations, such as the American Fine Arts Society , the Lotos Club , and the ASCE Society House . Although the original Hearst Magazine Building was just outside the artistic hub, its proximity to these institutions was a factor in the choice of its location. By the 21st century, the arts hub had largely been replaced with Billionaires' Row , a series of luxury skyscrapers around
9500-418: The late 20th century, it was regarded as one of the most inhospitable of the city's major intersections, as the interior circle was being used for motorcycle parking, and the circle as a whole was hard for pedestrians to cross. In 1979, noted architecture critic Paul Goldberger said that the intersection was "a chaotic jumble of streets that can be crossed in about 50 different ways—all of them wrong." In 1987,
9625-412: The main facade, and the sixth-story windows are flush with the cast-stone facade. The setback and window arrangement are carried around to the eight eastern bays on 56th Street. The two westernmost bays on 57th Street and the twelve westernmost bays on 56th Street are not set back above the second story, and do not contain third-story balustrades. The third-through-fifth story bays on the western section of
9750-479: The main part of the reconstructed circle, contains 99 jets that periodically change in force and speed, with effects ranging between "swollen river, a rushing brook, a driving rain or a gentle shower". The inner circle is about 36,000 square feet (3,300 m ), while the outer circle is around 148,000 square feet (13,700 m ). The redesign was the recipient of the 2006 American Society of Landscape Architects ' General Design Award Of Honor. In 2007 Columbus Circle
9875-440: The mid-1920s, Hearst bought several large plots around the circle for his headquarters. Hearst also believed that Manhattan's Theater District would extend to Columbus Circle and became interested in theater partially because of his mistress, actress Marion Davies . Hearst hired Joseph Urban for several early-20th-century theater projects, and the men became close friends. By early 1924, Hearst had obtained an option to acquire
10000-420: The national government as a rambunctious symbol of American freedom of speech. Columbus Circle was featured in the 1954 romantic comedy film It Should Happen to You , in which Judy Holliday 's character, Gladys Glover, began her quest for fame by renting a large billboard overlooking Columbus Circle. The USS Maine Memorial , was featured in the 1976 movie Taxi Driver , where Robert De Niro 's character
10125-444: The old building's interior was recycled for use in the tower's construction. William Randolph Hearst moved to New York City in 1895, and became a successful magazine magnate over the following three decades. Almost immediately after moving to the city, Hearst envisioned the creation of a large Midtown headquarters around Columbus Circle in the belief that the area would become the city's next large entertainment district. From 1895 to
10250-552: The original IRT station. The IND station were designed as a single transit hub under Columbus Circle. In November 1904, due to the high speeds of cars passing through the circle, the New York City Police Department added tightly spaced electric lights on the inner side of the circle, surrounding the column. The circle was altered in 1905 by William Phelps Eno , a businessman who pioneered many early innovations in road safety and traffic control. In
10375-418: The original building's three-story Ionic supports were kept. The new expansion, designed by Shreve & Lamb , hosted General Motors ' headquarters from 1927 to 1968. In 1969, Midtown Realty purchased the building's lease, and in 1980, acquired the land. Half of the building was leased by Bankers Trust until the late 1980s, and Newsweek leased a third of the building from 1994 until 2006. When
10500-429: The park's eighteen major gates. Similar plazas were planned at the southeast corner of the park (now Grand Army Plaza ), the northeast corner ( Duke Ellington Circle ), and the northwest corner ( Frederick Douglass Circle ). Clearing of the land area for the circle started in 1868. The actual circle was approved two years later. The Columbus Monument was placed at the center of the circle in 1892. Columbus Circle
10625-426: The plan still had some issues, the largest of which was that traffic traveling on Broadway in either direction would be routed onto Eighth Avenue or Central Park West, and vice versa. The reconfiguration of the circle was deferred due to World War II . The trolley routes that ran through Columbus Circle were discontinued in 1946, but the bus routes that replaced the trolley lines took the same convoluted paths through
10750-473: The present-day A , B , C , and D trains—was built starting in 1925. At Columbus Circle, workers had to be careful to not disrupt the existing IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line or Columbus Circle overhead. The Columbus monument was shored up during construction, and obstructions to traffic were minimized. The line, which opened in 1932, contains a 4-track, 3-platform express station at 59th Street–Columbus Circle , underneath
10875-495: The safety zones on the outside as well as clearly delineated pedestrian crossings . The redesign marked the first true one-way traffic circle to be constructed anywhere, implementing the ideas of Eugène Hénard . In this second scheme, the public space within the circle, around the monument, was almost as small as the monument's base. The rotary traffic plan was not successful. A New York Times article in June 1929 stated that
11000-510: The same time, spending $ 3 million in late 1925 to acquire the site west of Hearst's lot. Plans for the 57th Street opera house were made public in January 1926, but the Met abandoned the plans two years later. In conjunction with the canceled opera house, Hearst originally planned to construct a two-story office and retail building with a 2,500-seat theater designed by Michael Bernstein. This
11125-502: The size of a Smart car " on the roof, which hoists a 40-foot (12 m) mast and a hydraulic boom arm. Sixty-seven sensors and switches are housed in the box. A window-cleaning deck hangs from the hydraulic boom arm, supported by six wire-rope strands. The rig, installed in April 2005 on 420 feet (130 m) of elevated steel track circling the tower's roof, snapped in 2013 and trapped two window cleaners. The Hearst Magazine Building
11250-410: The south side of 58th Street is 3 Columbus Circle (also 1775 Broadway), a 310-foot (94 m), 26-story tower. It is occupied by Young & Rubicam , Bank of America , Chase Bank , and Gilder Gagnon Howe & Co. The tower sits atop a 3-story structure called the Colonnade Building. The first three stories were built in 1923 and the top 23 stories were added in 1927–1928. During the expansion,
11375-482: The southeast-corner pylon has a group representing sports and industry. Between the pairs of pylons on Eighth Avenue and on 57th Street, on each of the third through sixth stories, is a tripartite window with fluted stone spandrels . The Eighth Avenue and 57th Street elevations contain seven bays, on either side of the vertical bay, which are set back above the second story. The third through fifth stories of these elevations have sash windows , slightly recessed behind
11500-542: The southern end of Central Park . Immediately prior to the construction of the Hearst Magazine Building in the 1920s, the site was referred to as the Hegeman site. Sixteen people had owned the land, which was largely vacant except for an open-air movie theater and some stores. The original six-story structure, known as the Hearst Magazine Building or the International Magazine Building,
11625-458: The southwest corner of the intersection with 58th Street, was built in the late 1980s. Swanke Hayden Connell Architects designed the building, which houses the furniture company Steelcase on the upper floors and a Duane Reade and a Starbucks on the ground floor. Cerberus Capital Management bought the building in 2006 for $ 82.9 million. In 2011, it was sold to German real estate firm GLL Real Estate Partners for $ 96.5 million. Directly to
11750-459: The steel in the diagrid is recycled. The exterior curtain wall was constructed by Permasteelisa , which mounted 3,200 glass panels on the facade. The panels are typically 13.5 feet (4.1 m) tall by 5 feet (1.5 m) wide, although 625 of them were built to custom specifications. Because of the facade's intricate design, the tower's window cleaning rig took three years and $ 3 million to plan. It incorporates "a rectangular steel box
11875-443: The tenth story, which is 110 feet (34 m) high and slightly above the roof of the atrium. Each tower story covers 22,000 square feet (2,000 m ), and has 13.5-foot (4.1 m) ceilings. The floors were designed to house many Hearst publications and communications companies, including Cosmopolitan , Esquire , Marie Claire , Harper's Bazaar , Good Housekeeping , and Seventeen . In addition to Hearst offices,
12000-432: The third and seventh stories. Eight 90-foot-long (27 m) "super-diagonals" slope from the third to the tenth floors. The Hearst Tower has twenty-one elevators. Its stairways and elevators are in a service core along the west side, the only one that does not face a street. The original plan called for the service core to be at the center of the tower, but it was redesigned after the September 11 attacks in 2001 as
12125-507: The tower as floating above the base due to the sharply differing architectural styles. Nicolai Ouroussoff of The New York Times wrote that the tower "may be the most muscular symbol of corporate self-confidence to rise in New York since the 1960s", even as its design clashed with that of the Hearst Magazine Building. The architectural writer Paul Goldberger regarded the Hearst Tower as the city's best-looking skyscraper since 140 Broadway , which had been completed in 1967. Not all analysis
12250-463: The tower has a staff fitness center on the 14th floor. Executive rooms are on the 44th floor. The tower has several design features intended to meet green building standards as part of the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design ( LEED ) program. The limestone-clad floor slabs of the atrium and office floors contain polyethylene tubes for heated (or cooled) water to regulate temperature and humidity. A 14,000-US-gallon (53,000 L) tank in
12375-413: The tower's foundation was built with two methods. Bedrock is only a few feet under half of the basement, and spread footings were used. Under the other half of the basement, where bedrock is a maximum of 30 feet (9.1 m) down, twenty-one caissons were installed. The Hearst Magazine Building initially contained office space with 11-foot (3.4 m) ceilings. The original building's office space
12500-446: The tower's core away from the street. Other parts of the design were also reviewed, but the tower's glass facade was retained. Foster's team designed over one hundred plans for the tower. He filed plans for the construction of the Hearst Tower that October, and the LPC approved the tower one month later. Hearst had consulted with the community to allay any concerns, and the approval took less than three hours. The only major opponent
12625-427: The triangles is 52 feet (16 m) tall. The diagonal beams are typically 57 feet (17 m) long by 40 feet (12 m) wide. The columns are bolted, rather than welded, to each other at the nodes. The diagrid required 10,480 short tons (9,360 long tons; 9,510 t) of structural steel , twenty percent less than what would have normally been required for a building of similar size. More than ninety percent of
12750-411: The two lowest stories, three intermediate stories, and a sixth-story attic. The base's northeastern and southeastern corners are chamfered (angled). A balustrade is in front of the third-story windows, supported by a shelf with notches and interrupted by the chamfered corners. A parapet is above the fifth story, except in the bays above the entrance arches on Eighth Avenue and 57th Street and at
12875-452: The upper stories has a footprint of 160 by 120 feet (49 by 37 m), with the longer dimension extending from east to west. The setbacks above the sixth floor contain a skylight 40 feet (12 m) wide. The Hearst Tower has 856,000 square feet (79,500 m ) of office space. According to the New York City Department of City Planning , the building has a gross floor area of 703,796 square feet (65,384.8 m ). The tower received
13000-572: The west is 6 Columbus Circle, an 88-room, 12-floor boutique hotel called 6 Columbus. Acquired by the Pomeranc Group in 2007, the hotel was put on sale in December 2015. A 700-foot-tall (210 m) tower is planned for the site. The M5 , M7 , M10 , M20 and M104 buses all serve the circle, with the M5, M7, M20 and M104 providing through service and the southbound M10 terminating near
13125-399: The whole lot and originally contained floors, arranged in a "U" shape, flanking a courtyard on the west. Along much of the base, the third through sixth stories are slightly set back from the lowest two floors. The original building's roof was 70 feet (21 m) above ground. The upper stories are more deeply set back from the lowest six floors on the north, east, and south sides Each of
13250-414: The zoning amendment, the Hearst Corporation might have had to pay up to $ 10 million for additional air rights , as the company had already used up all the air rights above the Hearst Magazine Building. The cast-limestone facade of the Hearst Magazine Building, now the base, is a New York City designated landmark with 450,000 square feet (42,000 m ) of surface area. It is divided horizontally into
13375-412: Was $ 400 per square foot ($ 4,300/m ) per month. The space was not occupied until 2011, when cookware retailer Sur La Table opened a store. Panera Bread leased a ground-level storefront in 2022, intending to open a flagship store; the shop opened that November. Before the tower's construction, the Hearst Magazine Building was considered an indication of unexecuted plans. One observer, writing to
13500-407: Was a skyscraper and Hearst hired George B. Post & Sons, who had experience building skyscrapers. Excavation of the Hearst Magazine Building had begun by June 1927. The section of Eighth Avenue between 42nd and 59th Streets was experiencing rapid development, with surrounding real-estate values increasing 200 percent since the beginning of the 1920s. This was, in part, due to the development of
13625-470: Was awarded the Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence silver medal. The Columbus Monument, a 76-foot (23 m) column installed at the center of Columbus Circle, consists of a 14-foot (4.3 m) marble statue of Columbus atop a 27.5-foot (8.4 m) granite rostral column on a four-stepped granite pedestal . Created by Italian sculptor Gaetano Russo, the monument was installed at
13750-488: Was built in Hell's Kitchen in the 1980s, the Coliseum was the primary event venue for New York City. By 1985, there were plans to replace the Coliseum, and after a series of delays, the Coliseum was demolished in 2000. Since 2003, the site has been occupied by Deutsche Bank Center (originally Time Warner Center). The center consists of a pair of 750-foot (230 m) towers 53 stories high. The complex also hosts
13875-537: Was built. From 1902 to 1954, the Majestic Theatre occupied the more southerly of the two blocks. Robert Moses closed and eliminated that block of 59th Street during the New York Coliseum 's construction from 1954 to 1956. The construction project, in turn, was the culmination of an effort to remove San Juan Hill , the slum that had been located at the site. Until the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center
14000-438: Was completed above the sixth story for future expansion of the elevators. The Hearst Magazine Building's original framework was removed when the Hearst Tower was built in the 2000s. Its structure was hollowed out for the atrium of the expanded building, and new columns were installed behind the facade. "Mega columns" extend down from the perimeter of the tower, and the existing frame and new columns are connected with beams at
14125-599: Was designed by Alexander H. Stevens (the New York City Fire Department 's superintendent of buildings ) in the Beaux-Arts style . It was constructed between 1905 and 1906 to replace a former firehouse at 233 West 58th Street, now taken up by the 240 Central Park South apartment building. The design contains an arched fire truck entrance at ground level; a limestone-and-brick facade on the second and third stories, with two small windows flanking
14250-497: Was designed by architect Joseph Urban and the architectural firm George B. Post & Sons. Completed in 1928 and intended as the base of a future tower, the Hearst Magazine Building was designed in early Art Deco style. Henry Kreis designed six sculpture groups at the third story. The Hearst Magazine Building is the only survivor of an unbuilt entertainment complex which its developer, Hearst Communications founder William Randolph Hearst , envisioned for Columbus Circle in
14375-533: Was developed with a three-story building by 1914, designed by Charles E. Birge . Its superstructure was designed to support the weight of a 30-story tower that was never built. The 44-story Gulf and Western Building (later the Trump International Hotel and Tower ) was completed on the site in 1969 or 1970. It served in this capacity until the conglomerate filed for bankruptcy in 1991. In 1994, Donald Trump announced his plans to convert
14500-680: Was forced to go around the left side of the monument, while any traffic making turns from the circle had to go counterclockwise around the rotary using the right side. The bidirectional traffic pattern through Columbus Circle failed to eliminate congestion. In 1941, engineers with the New York City Parks Department and the Manhattan Borough President 's office formed a tentative agreement to redesign Columbus Circle yet again. "Local" and "express" lanes would segregate north–south traffic passing within
14625-558: Was originally known generically as "The Circle". An 1871 account of the park referred to the roundabout as a "grand circle". After the 1892 installation of the Columbus Column in the circle's center, it became known as "Columbus Circle", although its other names were also used through the 1900s. By 1901, construction on the first subway line of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (now
14750-407: Was positive; an Architectural Record writer likened the tower to a misplaced military structure, while Herbert Muschamp called it a "glass square peg in a solid square hole". The Hearst Tower addition received the 2006 Emporis Skyscraper Award as the best skyscraper in the world completed that year. The American Institute of Architects ' 2007 List of America's Favorite Architecture ranked
14875-412: Was rearranged. Central Park West was made northbound-only for a short segment north of the circle, and two blocks of Broadway south of the circle were converted to southbound-only. A new northbound roadway was cut through the southern tip of the center traffic island that contained the statue, from Eighth Avenue to the eastern chord. At the same time, the eastern chord was converted to northbound-only. By
15000-414: Was replaced with a 95-foot-tall (29 m) atrium when the tower was built. The atrium has a volume of 1,700,000 cubic feet (48,000 m ). The lobby, accessed by escalators from the Eighth Avenue entrance, is on the third story of the original building. The escalators run through a 27-by-75-foot (8.2 by 22.9 m) waterfall, which uses recycled water from the building's green roof . The waterfall
15125-629: Was so dangerous that the Municipal Art Society proposed redesigning the roundabout. By February 1904, the station underneath was largely complete, and service on the subway line began on October 27, 1904. The station only served local trains; express trains bypassed the station. The platforms of the IRT subway station were lengthened in 1957–1959, requiring further excavations around Columbus Circle. An additional subway line—the Independent Subway System (IND)'s Eighth Avenue Line , serving
15250-436: Was subsequently changed to a six-story office and theater building, designed by Thomas W. Lamb . Hearst's magazines were slated to be published three blocks west, on a block bounded by 11th and 12th Avenues between 54th and 55th Streets. The 11th Avenue site was abandoned by August 1926 and Hearst had replaced Lamb, hiring Urban to design a magazine headquarters for the Eighth Avenue site. The proposed magazine headquarters
15375-600: Was the Historic Districts Council , whose executive director said that the tower "does not respond to, respect, or even speak to its landmark base". The Hearst Tower was the first major skyscraper in Manhattan built after the September 11 attacks. Before the start of construction, Good Housekeeping moved to another Hearst Corporation building, and two thousand employees were relocated. Work on
15500-491: Was the company's headquarters. By the beginning of the 21st century, the building contained the Good Housekeeping offices, corporate offices, and Hearst's media division; the corporation's other magazines were published in several nearby buildings. In 2000, the Hearst Corporation announced plans to consolidate all its divisions by completing its long-delayed tower. Planning for the tower had been fueled in part by
15625-545: Was thwarted in an attempt to assassinate a presidential nominee. Columbus Circle was featured in the 1984 movie Ghostbusters as the place where the Stay Puft Marshmallow Man manifests and then walks up Central Park West. The shooting of Joseph Colombo in Columbus Circle by Jerome A. Johnson in 1971 was featured in the 2019 film The Irishman . Starting in seasons 6 of the TV show The Venture Bros. ,
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