Kanteerava Studios was planned and allotted for the development of Kannada films.
96-576: Rajkumar and his son Puneeth Rajkumar , popular actors in Kannada cinema , are buried within the studio grounds. In 1966 the Kanteerava Studio was founded by Gubbi Veeranna , TS Karibasavaiah and the politician KV Shankare Gowda. It was launched as a joint stock company on 20 acres (81,000 m) of land. The studio was started with the Government of Karnataka holding 93 per cent of
192-672: A Dravidian ethno-linguistic group who natively speak Kannada and trace their ancestry to the South Indian state of Karnataka in India and its surrounding regions. The Kannada language belongs to the Dravidian family of languages . Kannada stands among 30 of the most widely spoken languages of the world as of 2001. After the Mauryas, parts of Karnataka were variously ruled by dynasties who were either ethnically Kannadiga or from
288-426: A matinée idol status in the Kannada diaspora , among whom he is popularly called as Nata Saarvabhouma (Emperor of Actors), Bangarada Manushya (Man of Gold), Vara Nata (Gifted actor), Gaana Gandharva (Celestial singer), Rasikara Raja (King of connoisseurs), Kannada Kanteerava and Rajanna / Annavru (Elder brother, Raj). He was honoured with Padma Bhushan in 1983 and Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1995. He
384-435: A city resulting in turn away from it in favour of a village. The 1969 movie Uyyale presents a delicate tale of the extra-marital love of a woman neglected by her husband reflecting the social and moral laws of married life. The 1969 movie Mayor Muthanna had a sub-plot of salvaging of the sub-standard grain and black marketing . The 1971 movie Kasturi Nivasa charts the rise of modern manufacturing techniques and
480-539: A delay over allocation of funds and land, it was finally opened in November 2014, after a sum of ₹ 70 million was used in developing it over an area of 2.5 acres (1.0 ha). It included "an open-air auditorium, mini-water body, landscaping and a bust" of Rajkumar. 40 photographs of selected films of Rajkumar were kept on display at the inauguration. A permanent exhibition on the history of Rajkumar's films that included his photographs, trophies and souvenirs, alongside
576-523: A few actors and sang background solos. For the song Deepavali Deepavali from Muddina Maava , he provided playback to S. P. Balasubrahmanyam . This was a rare occasion. "Hrudaya Samudra Kalaki" from Ashwamedha and "Hey Dinakara" from Om are the two other popular songs sung by Rajkumar for other actors. He also sang Kalidasa shlokas such as "Maanikya Veena" and ghazal -based songs such as "Sadaa Kannale", "Kanneera Dhaare" and "Yaava Kaviyu". Rajkumar recorded many devotional songs beginning in
672-442: A grand opening with the actor's life-size cutout being immersed in milk. The colorised release also performed well at the box office over taking other Kannada movies released at the time. His 39 movies have been remade 63 times in 9 languages by 34 actors. Rajkumar trained in classical music when he was with Gubbi Veeranna's theatre troupe. The track "Om Namaha Shivaya" from the 1956 film Ohileshwara , which he also starred in,
768-431: A lead role with his movie Operation Jackpot Nalli C.I.D 999 . Sri Lankan based actress Sabeetha Perera also made her Indian movie debut with his film Goa Dalli CID 999 . Chi. Udaya Shankar has written dialogues and songs for 85 of his movies. G. K. Venkatesh has scored music for over 50 of his movies. He also has the distinction of having worked with more than 75 directors. His movie Operation Diamond Racket
864-836: A professional classical artiste. For the rendition, he was awarded the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer . His frequent collaboration with the composer duo of Rajan–Nagendra gave musical hits such as Bangarada Hoovu (1967), Nyayave Devaru (1971), Swayamvara (1973), Sri Srinivasa Kalyana (1974), Nanobba Kalla (1979) and Chalisuva Modagalu (1982). Rajkumar's duets are mostly recorded with S. Janaki and Vani Jairam . Other female singers who sang with him are P. Susheela , Bangalore Latha , H. P. Geetha, K. S. Chitra , Swarnalatha , Manjula Gururaj , B. R. Chaya , Kasturi Shankar , Rathnamala Prakash , Sulochana and others. During his career, Rajkumar sang and performed for songs about Kannadigas ,
960-685: A renaissance in Kannada literature. This period was amalgamation of literature works which crossed across boundaries under a vast roof encompassed by art and theater fields. The literature works of Kannada in Navodaya is crowned with eight Jnanpith awards. Some of the contemporary active institutions of Kannada literature are: Noted travellers and linguists who contributed during the pre- and post-imperial eras include Germany's Ferdinand Kittel , England's Thomas Hodson , Persia's Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī and China's Huen-tsang . Mangaluru Samachara
1056-438: A settlement on the banks of river Kaveri in present-day Karnataka . Muthuraj started his acting career with his father in a drama troupe led by Gubbi Veeranna and later joined the drama company of Subbaiah Naidu . In 1953, he was spotted by film director H. L. N. Simha, who was on the lookout for well-built, pleasant-faced man for the starring role in film, Bedara Kannappa (1954). Simha eventually signed Muthuraj for
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#17327827600951152-440: A span of 15 years from 1954 to 1968. 17 of his films have received Karnataka State Film Awards in five different categories. Trained in classical music during his theatre days, Rajkumar also became an accomplished playback singer. He mostly sang for his films since 1974. The songs Yaare Koogadali , Huttidare Kannada , Hey Dinakara , Hrudaya Samudra , Manikyaveena and Naadamaya became widely popular. For his rendition of
1248-467: A stock of dialogue, scripts, songs and other memorabilia associated with him were put on display. An annual calendar for 2012 was released containing photographs of Rajkumar and stills from his films. His fan clubs conduct blood donation and eye donation camps on the occasion of his birth and death anniversaries every year. After his death, two audio companies - Saregama India Limited and Mars Recording Private Limited - were pitted against each other over
1344-941: A very distinct taste and flavour. Some popular ones include Shenga indi ( groundnut ), Agashi indi, Karal indi, Inichi indi, and Mavina indi (mango). Similarly, Karnataka uppinakai ( pickles ) too are very distinct from the rest, like Mavina thokku (fine mango pickles), Nimbekai uppinakai (lemon pickles), Tenga Mavina uppinakai (entire mango pickle), gaajri uppinkai (carrot pickle), and menshinikai uppinakai (chili pickle). Some non-vegetarian dishes include: Dhonne biriyani, Bamboo biriyani, Mutton pulao, Mangalore fish curry, fish fry, Mangalore mutton and chicken Sukka, Mandya naati style Baaduta, Ragi mudde - Koli saaru, rice with Mutton sambar, Egg curry, Pork curry, chicken sambar, or gravy, and Boti gojju, among others. The costume of Kannada people varies from place to place. The Kannadiga male costume mainly includes panche (some tie as Kachche) or lungi (wrapping style depends on
1440-460: A wide cultural, social and demographic cross-section of the city's people by partnering with corporates and other stakeholders since 2003. In 2006, the Government of Karnataka tried to bring the folklore and art into the city of Bengaluru by initiating Jaanapada Jaatre which was hugely successful and received well by art lovers. It is usually held on select weekends in Lalbagh and other parts of
1536-428: A year earlier that he faced a threat of being kidnapped by Veerappan. A Special Task Force (STF) set up to capture Veerapan had earlier warned Rajkumar against visiting the farmhouse, and his son Raghavendra later acknowledged that his father had not taken the threat seriously. After a total of 108 days in captivity, Rajkumar was released unharmed on 15 November 2000. His abduction and the manner in which his release
1632-502: Is a composite art form composed of story telling, poetry, music, drama, dance, and philosophy. Today, late-night Harikathe sessions are organized overseas where Kannadiga population is considerable. Togalu gombeyaata , is a unique puppet show form of shadow puppetry, Gombe ata involves story telling using character made from dolls, Whose performance is controlled by the humans in the background using invisible threads Vasanta Habba (ವಸಂತ ಹಬ್ಬ), which means "spring festival" in Kannada
1728-573: Is a cultural festival organized by the Nrityagram foundation in Bengaluru . It is a very popular event and is considered the classical Woodstock of India. First held in 1990, it now attracts the best musicians, dancers and cultural artists from across India. Similarly,'Bengaluru Habba (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಹಬ್ಬ is a congregation of art performances at places in the city which is successfully celebrated every year. It aims to provide aesthetic entertainment to
1824-563: Is consumed with huchellu ( black sesame ) chutney. Among sweets, Mysore Pak , Dharwad pedha , Chiroti, Jalebi, and Belagavi Kunda are well known. Hurnagadab, Karadantu of Gokak and Amingarh , Obbattu (bele hurana holige), Kaayi Kadubu, Kaayi (coconut) Obbattu, Shenga holige, Thambittu (tamta), Karji Kai, Ellu unde, Ginna, Halubai, Rave Unde, Otthu Shavige Kaayi haalu, a variety of Payasa (Shavige payasa, kadle bele payasa, Hesaru bele payasa, Sabakki payasa), Sajjige, and Kesari bat are popular sweets. Indis ( chutneys ) of Karnataka have
1920-525: Is credited to have widely inspired a Desi bond genre in other Indian film industries. On the occasion of the "Centenary of Indian Cinema" in April 2013, Forbes included his performance in Bangaarada Manushya on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema". Upon his death, The New York Times had described him as one of India's most popular movie stars. Rajkumar entered
2016-425: Is described as Samagana priya, and bhakti through music is the most preferred path to 'reach' Him. The Haridasa compositions are popularly known as Devaranamas. Compositions like Krishna Nee Begane Baaro , Venkatachala Nilayam, Jagadoddharana, Tamboori Meetidava are some of the many examples of their scholarly work. Some noted Haridasas or composers of Dasa Sahitya are: One of the oldest forms of music in
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#17327827600952112-640: Is linked to Udupi cuisine . A recipe for dosa (as dosaka) can be found in Manasollasa. Plain and rave Idli , Masala Dosa or Masale dosey and Maddur Vade are very popular in South Karnataka. Neer dosa is a delicacy from coastal Karnataka. Davanagere Benne dose is a notable flavourful dosa. Kadubu, a kind of rice dumplings , is a popular and ethnic food in South Malnad regions such as Sakaleshpura , Mudigere , Somwarapete , etc. and
2208-400: Is mostly composed of treatises on various topics and poems on religious works. Kannada architecture is dominated by stone-carved sculptured palaces, temples and traditional wooden folk houses known as thotti mane and chowki mane. Many of religious architectures built during ancient and medieval period are today UNESCO World Heritage sites. Minor dynasties that have played an important role in
2304-405: Is one such organization immensely popular all over the world. Kannadigas celebrate festivals throughout the year presenting the diverse culture and belief of the ethnicity. Festivals have varied reasons to celebrate. In the countryside, a dana jaathre (livestock fair) is held which is a conglomeration of people where a local demigod is worshiped and a ratha or theru (chariots) are moved by
2400-610: Is the highest for any actor in India. He made movies from Kannada novels and made movies against perceived social evils in movies like Jeevana Chaitra (on evils of alcohol) and Shabdavedhi (on drug abuse). Between 1954 and 1969, Kannada film industry produced 207 movies within a span of 15 years and Rajkumar starred in 100 of those. While the early 60s saw him appearing in fantasy genre movies such as Rani Honnamma (1960), Aasha Sundari (1960), Devasundari (1962), Bala Nagamma (1966) and Devara Gedda Manava (1967), he
2496-491: Is the only lead actor to win National Award for Playback singing . His 39 movies have been remade 63 times in 9 languages by 34 actors making him the first actor whose movies were remade more than fifty times and the first actor whose movies were remade in nine languages. He was the first actor in India to enact a role which was based on James Bond in a full-fledged manner. The success of his movie Jedara Bale
2592-481: The Bangalore city, has become a tourist spot after the demise of Rajkumar. Dr. Rajkumar Singanalluru Puttaswamaiah Muthuraj (24 April 1929 – 12 April 2006), better known by his stage name Dr. Rajkumar , was an Indian actor and singer who worked in Kannada cinema . Regarded as one of the greatest and versatile actors in the history of Indian cinema , he is considered a cultural icon and holds
2688-554: The Langa davani before marriage. Kasuti is a form of embroidery work which is very popularly sought-after art on dress and costumes. An Urban male costume comprises trousers, a shirt and sandals, while that of females include shalwar . Jeans are popular among the youth, while new age Khadi/silk printed with art or emblem also find place. Karnataka has the only village in the country which produces authentic Indian national flags according to manufacturing process and specifications for
2784-484: The refrain "I love you", that is full of Carnatic gamakas . After the same tone in the refrain, they take on a life of their own with the form according to love and happiness in the former and love but a discord in the latter. He is known widely for his rendition of "Nadamaya" for Jeevana Chaitra (1992), a song based on the raga of Todi and with complex graces and strings other ragas as it progresses. He switches ragas with ease, and sings complex swara patterns like
2880-654: The "emperor of all the actors" and a pride of Indian film industry. Girish Kasaravalli had called him a great actor by any standards. Jayanth Kaikini had said that the variety and intensity which Rajkumar had managed as an actor was unmatched world over. When Rajkumar completed 200 movies in lead roles in Kannada films, P. Lankesh edited a special issue of Lankesh Patrike in 1988 titled Innooru Chitragala Raja dedicating to him. Rajkumar made movies against perceived social evils throughout his career. His debut movie Bedara Kannappa (1954) addressed social discrimination. The 1957 movie Rayara Sose speaks against
2976-532: The 1970s for Columbia Recording Company starting with "Mantralayakke Hogona" in 1972. His widely popular LP record "Guruvara Bantamma" was also recorded during the time. In 1979, Sangeetha Cassettes became India's first licensed pre-recorded cassettes. Rajkumar sang the devotional songs glorifying the saint Raghavendra and the Hindu deity Hanuman . Apart from performing in about 75 musical nights, he has sung 300 movie songs and about 200 folk and devotional songs,
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3072-594: The Indian cinema. On 19 April, the government of Karnataka announced that a memorial would be made in Rajkumar's honour at Kanteerava Studios in association with the Karnataka Film Chamber of Commerce at the cost ₹ 100 million. The blueprint of the memorial was cleared by a panel comprising members of Rajkumar's family, representatives of the Kannada film industry and the state government. After
3168-466: The Kannada film industry and the state government. A permanent exhibition on the history of the Kannada film industry and Rajkumar's movies will be an integral part of the memorial. In the respect of Rajkumar's prolonged association with the studio, the actor's trophies and souvenirs will be put up for exhibition at the memorial. The studio, located in Nandini Layout, in the northern part of
3264-442: The Kannada language and culture, such as "Jenina Holeyo" from Chalisuva Modagalu , "Maanavanagi Huttidmele" from Jeevana Chaitra and " Huttidare Kannada " from the film Aakasmika . He sang a complete English song called "If You Come Today" ("Tick Tick Tick") in the movie Operation Diamond Racket in 1978. This song became an internet meme in India following Rajkumar's demise in 2006. In later years, he lent his voice to
3360-402: The Kannada language. The Haridasas richly contributed to the heritage of Karntataka music. They made an indelible impression on the religious and cultural life of Karnataka by spreading the didactic teachings in a musical form to the hearts of the common folk. Like other doyens of Indian classical music, these scholars offered prayer to Vishnu through music, called naadopasana. The Lord
3456-2075: The Karnataka kingdoms such as Mysore royalty , The Chalukyas , Vijayanagara Empire and The Kadambas respectively - thereby making him the only Indian actor to have portrayed the role of four prominent kings of Indian history - Kanthirava Narasaraja I , Pulakeshin II , Krishnadevaraya and Mayurasharma . He also appeared as Bijjala II in Jagajyothi Basveshwara and as Raja Mallasarja in Kittur Chennamma . The other prominent historical characters portrayed by him include Purandara Dasa in Navakoti Narayana , Kanaka Dasa in Bhakta Kanakadasa , Tukaram in Santha Thukaram , Kabir Das in Mahathma Kabir , Kālidāsa in Kaviratna Kalidasa , Gora Kumbhar in Bhakta Kumbara , Sri Raghavendra Swamy in Mantralaya Mahatme , Sarvajna in Sarvagna Murthy , Chetha in Bhakta Chetha , Kaivara Narayanappa in Kaiwara Mahathme , Pundarika in Hari Bhakta , Appanna in Sanaadi Appanna and Santhoba Pavar in Bhakta Vijaya . He also has
3552-429: The Karnataka region, based on inscriptions and literary evidence historians have discussed the possibility that kingdoms of Kannada origin were established in other parts of India as well. Architecture and Sculpture has been the epitome of art in Karnataka. Be it the musical pillars of Hampi , which is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , the ekashila ( monolithic ) statue of Gommateshvara Bahubali that
3648-682: The Times of India and Vijaya Karnataka are the largest-selling English and Kannada newspapers respectively. D. V. Gundappa was notable Kannada journalist, he was awarded third-highest civilian award Padmabhushan in 1974. List of a few major newspapers: Karnataka is one of the few states which, while a leading contributor for GDP of the country and home for industries, has preserved its forests and wildlife. The evergreen Sahyadri and Western Ghats are home to protected Wildlife of Karnataka . The Kannada culture protects and balances Kaadu (forest) and Naadu (state) as can be seen. Although seen scantly still
3744-477: The actor's palatial house at Gajanur . Veerappan demanded the release of his gang members who were being held in jail under a defunct anti-terrorism law. The event prompted a massive manhunt and threw the Karnataka government into crisis. The Supreme Court of India opined that it was "unpardonable" on the part of the government of Tamil Nadu for not providing security to Rajkumar, although they had information
3840-500: The bhakthas and daasoha (free food) is arranged for the visitors. North Karnataka has a unique blend of Hindu and Muslim brotherhood with people celebrating festivals in unison and exchanging goodwills owing to great revolutionary Shishunala Sharif and Guru Govinda Bhatta who had displayed their religious tolerance and spiritual unity of all religions. Christmas is celebrated at large in Bengaluru and Mangalooru which host some of
3936-660: The body was moved initially to Palace Grounds and then later to the Sree Kanteerava Stadium . He was laid to rest in Kanteerava Studios, on 13 April 2006. In the premises of Kanteerava Studio, the Karnataka Government is setting up a memorial for Kannada thespian Rajkumar , with the estimated cost of Rs 10 crore. The blueprint of the memorial will be constituted by a panel comprising the Rajkumar family members, representatives of
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4032-453: The city virtually came to a halt as the news spread about the death. His death precipitated a citywide reaction comparable to the time he was kidnapped by Veerappan . Following the news of his death, Bangalore city saw violence by people claiming to be his fans. The Chief Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy later claimed that the violence was instigated by vested political interests. An unofficial bandh (closure of all shops and other establishments)
4128-439: The city. Some famous theatrical, cinematic and television personalities like T P Kailasam , Gubbi Veeranna , C. Honappa Bhagavathar, G V Iyer , Dr. Rajkumar , Puttanna Kanagal , Kalpana , B. S. Ranga , B V Karanth , Girish Kasaravalli , Shankar Nag , T.S. Nagabharana , T N Seetharam have contributed for its richness. The mystic and spirited reliving of legends and epics are the major depictions in dance forms. With
4224-496: The copyright of his songs as per Section 52(j) of The Copyright Act, 1957 . It was observed that after 15 years into his career, in the mid sixties, when new young filmmakers were searching for actors who were less theatrical, Rajkumar had to undergo a transformation in his acting style and succeeded in proving that he could handle roles which were subtle, mellow and soft without the need for theatrical histrionics. He went on to be known for portraying versatile roles with elan. He
4320-564: The cortège reached the Studios at 4:45 pm (IST). His body was buried with State honours at 5:45 p.m (IST) at the premises of the studios. The last rites were performed by his eldest son Shiva, guided by priests from the city's ISKCON and the Gayathri Temples. The then President of India, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam had condoled his death. In the condolence message, he had praised his versatility and everlasting contributions to
4416-464: The decision-making. On 13 April 2006, Kanteerava Studios, which is considered as a major landmark in the history of Kannada cinema, became the burial ground of Rajkumar , who is generally considered as Kannada cinema 's greatest son. Dr. Rajkumar died at his home in Sadashiva Nagar, Bangalore , on 12 April 2006 (13.45 IST ) following a cardiac arrest . Due to his larger than life image,
4512-588: The development of Kannada , culture and polity were Chutus of Banavasi (feudatory to Satavahana Empire ), Tuluva Dynasty of Canara, Rattas of Saundatti (Belgaum), Guttas of Guttal (Dharwad region), Banas of Kolar, Nolambas of Nolambavadi, Vaidumbas, Chengalvas, Kongalvas, Sendrakas of Nagarkhanda (Banavasi province), Yalahanka Nadaprabhu Kempegowda , Sindas of Yelburga (Bijapur-Gulbarga), Kadamba of Hangal . In addition, other well known kingdoms that patronized Kannadiga poets and Kannada language were: In addition to those empires that ruled from
4608-1370: The distinction of being the only actor to play the role of Arjuna and his two sons. While he appeared as Arjuna in Shree Krishna Gaarudi , he appeared in the role of Nagarjuna in Nagarjuna and as Babruvahana in Babruvahana . His movies were also noted to include drama sequences where he performs various mythological, historical or literary characters such as Romeo and Babruvahana in Amma (1968), Gautama Buddha in Uyyale (1969), Echchamanayaka in Bhale Jodi (1970) and as Bhima in Havina Hede (1981). His movies also have dream and song sequences where he appears in various characters such as Kamadeva in Dhruva Thare , as Krishna in Emme Thammanna , Daari Tappida Maga and Bhagyada Lakshmi Baramma . He has acted in around 50 movies based on novels, plays and short stories, which
4704-533: The distinction of having played the highest number of devotional, mythological and historical characters (combined). Singanalluru Puttaswamaiah Muthuraj was born in a Kannada -speaking family on 24 April 1929 in Dodda Gajanur , a hamlet in the Talavady taluk. His father Puttaswamayya and mother Lakshmamma were impoverished theatre artists from Singanalluru. His mother tongue was Kannada , and he
4800-477: The eastern and western varieties of Yakshagana are termed Bayalata, whereas in the north, several other distinct genres are included under the name. Harikathe which covers an entire night is another form where one (or more) person tells a story in an outstanding manner accompanied by music at background. It is a common feature to narrate battles, stories, devotions or vratha in front of temples on auspicious days like Dasara and Maha Shivaratri . Harikathe
4896-467: The evil practice of dowry . The 1958 movie Shree Krishna Gaarudi , which narrates the bickering and squabbling among the Pandavas for portfolios, allegorises the politics in the then newly formed Mysore state. The 1962 movie Bhoodana was based Vinoba Bhave 's Bhoodan movement and speaks about the religious conversion of the marginalised. The 1964 movie Naandi was acclaimed for capturing
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#17327827600954992-546: The film and named him Rajkumar. Prior to Bedara Kannappa , Rajkumar had appeared as a child artist in the 1942 film Bhakta Prahlada in a small role and also in the 1952 film, Sri Srinivasa Kalyana , as Sage Agasthya, one of the Saptarishis (seven sages). It was an insignificant role in which his scene was over even before he recognised himself. He acted only in Kannada movies throughout his career apart from one Telugu film, Kalahasti Mahatyam (1954), which
5088-726: The film industry after his long stint as a dramatist with Gubbi Veeranna 's Gubbi Drama Company, which he joined at the age of eight before he got his first break as a lead in the 1954 film Bedara Kannappa . He went on to work in over 205 films essaying a variety of roles and excelling in portraying mythological and historical characters in films such as Bhakta Kanakadasa (1960), Ranadheera Kanteerava (1960), Satya Harishchandra (1965), Immadi Pulikeshi (1967), Sri Krishnadevaraya (1970), Bhakta Kumbara (1974), Mayura (1975), Babruvahana (1977) and Bhakta Prahlada (1983). 13 of his films have received National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada (Rajat Kamal) within
5184-994: The first Indian actor to enact a spy role modelled on James Bond in a full-fledged manner and was called the James Bond of India . The success of this movie led to three sequels: Goa Dalli CID 999 , Operation Jackpot Nalli C.I.D 999 and Operation Diamond Racket . The CID 999 Franchise was the first Indian movie franchise to have four instalments and CID 999 was the first character based trilogy in India. He acted with heroines of southern cinema such as Jayanti (38 films), Pandaribai (18 films), Leelavathi (28 films), Bharati (26 films), Kalpana (19 films), Aarathi (13 films), B. Saroja Devi (12 films), Rajasree (10 films), Harini (11 films), Krishna Kumari (8 films), Madhavi (7 films), Manjula (7 films), Jayamala (6 films), Lakshmi (5 films), Kanchana (5 films), Geetha (5 films), Saritha (5 films) and Jaya Prada (4 films). Actress Rekha made her debut in
5280-541: The flag are laid out by the Bureau of Indian Standards at Hubli . Kannada literature is filled with literary figures and pioneers all through. With an unbroken literary history of over a thousand years, the excellence of Kannada literature continues into the present day: works of Kannada literature have received eight Jnanpith awards and fifty-six Sahitya Akademi awards. Pampa , Ranna and Ponna are considered as three jewels of Old Kannada ( Halegannada ). Janna
5376-469: The folk dances and classical dance forms in Karnataka include: The martial arts more prevalent in parts of North Karnataka with Garadi Mane present in every village and a head to train the youngsters into fit individuals. Kusthi , Malla Yuddha , Kathi Varase (which can be seen depicted in Veeragase and similar to sword fighting), Malla Kambha (gymnastics on a pole structure with/without rope) are some of
5472-616: The food habits of many regions and communities from the three neighbouring South Indian states, as well as the state of Maharashtra to its north. Soopa Shastra is notable medieval Kannada literally work written in 1508 A.D on the subject of Kannada cuisine. Some typical everyday dishes in Kannadigas homes include Bisi Bele Bath , Jolada rotti , Ragi rotti , Akki rotti , Masale rotti, Saaru , Huli , Benne dose , Ragi mudde , Chitranna, Chapathi, Poori, Avalakki, Puri Usli, Puliyogare (tamarind rice) and Uppittu . Dosa (food) origin
5568-575: The ill effects of orthodox approach towards upgradation of technology. The 1971 movie Sakshatkara speaks about superstitions and manipulation of beliefs. The central theme of 1972 movie Bangaarada Manushya - returning to one's ancestral village - inspired youth to take up agriculture. The film also touched on very important topics like rural development, modern agricultural practices and co-operative movement . The 1973 movie Bidugade speaks about capital punishment based on circumstantial evidence be done away with. The 1973 movie Gandhada Gudi
5664-624: The latter song, he was awarded the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer . He is the only Indian actor to be awarded the Kentucky Colonel , the highest honour bestowed by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in the United States. Well known for his highly disciplined and simple lifestyle in both personal and professional fronts, Rajkumar was also an avid Yoga , Pranayama , and Carnatic music performer. In 2000, he
5760-494: The maintenance. This was followed by two recommendations by the Public Sector Reforms Commission that is, either to close down unhealthy government undertakings or to go for private partnerships to revive them. The government then informed that, it was open to offer seventy four per cent maintenance-related investments to private partners, however, without compensating the government's authority over
5856-456: The oldest churches and educational institutions of the country. Buddha , Mahaveera , Shankara , Basavanna and Gandhi are remembered on their birth anniversaries. The cuisine of Karnataka includes many vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes. One of the earliest Indian books with chapters on culinary preparations, Manasollasa , was from Karnataka, written during the reign of Kannada emperor Someshwara |||. The varieties reflect influences from
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#17327827600955952-645: The outside. One theory posits that the Vijayanagara Empire , one of the region's most renowned, was founded by Kannadigas who served as commanders in the Hoysala Empire's army stationed in the Tungabhadra region. The Kadambas , Chalukyas , Rashtrakutas and Hoysalas were some of the other major Kannada kingdoms and dynasties ruling the region. The Kannada language has written inscriptions dating back as far as 450 CE. Kannada literature
6048-406: The places where art is displayed. Dasa sahitya is the literature of Bhakti movement composed by devotees in honor of Lord Vishnu or one of his avatars . Dasa is literally "servant" in Kannada and sahitya is literature. Haridasas ("servants of God") were preachers of Bhakti to Vishnu. The bhakti literature of these Haridasas is collectively referred to as Dasa Sahitya. It is composed in
6144-506: The proceeds of which were given away to charity. It was also noted that his versatility and diction contributed immensely to his popularity as a singer since he was able to sing songs of any style - be it qawwali, ghazal, bhajan or English songs - apart from handling a range of emotions - vivacious, romance, devotion or sarcasm. At the age of 24, Rajkumar married his 14-year-old cousin, Parvathamma , on 25 June 1953 in Nanjangud . This
6240-424: The prominent arts practised. The Mysore Odeyars arrange kaalaga or fights like Vajra Mushti during Dasara festival which is made less frightening these days as they are publicly staged. Rock lifting, Bull race, Kusthi, and Kabaddi are popular sports. Yogasana , Praanayama and health-related camps are very popular throughout the state and some of the best Yoga practitioners can be found here. Art of Living
6336-2074: The rare distinction of having portrayed the mythological roles of both Devas and Asuras in an almost equal number on the Indian on-screen. While he has played Lord Ram in Sri Ramanjaneya Yuddha , Lord Vishnu in Sri Srinivasa Kalyana , Lord Krishna in Sri Krishna Rukmini Satyabhama , Lord Shiva in Gange Gowri , Narada in Mooroovare Vajragalu , he has also played the role of Ravana in Bhookailasa , Hiranyakashipu in Bhakta Prahlada , Shishupala in Dashavathara , Bhasmasura in Mohini Bhasmasura and Mahishasura in Mahishasura Mardini . His other prominent mythological characters include Kannappa in Bedara Kannappa , Chandrahasa in Chandrahasa , Harishchandra in Satya Harishchandra , Satyavan in Sathi Savithri , Vasishtha in Mahasathi Arundathi , Valmiki in Valmiki , Chyavana Maharshi in Sathi Sukanya and Dushyanta in Kaviratna Kalidasa . Further, he also holds
6432-408: The real-time plights of those with hearing impairments. The 1967 movie Bangarada Hoovu spoke about misconceptions about leprosy - especially the notion that leprosy is a consequence of one's past sins. The 1968 movie Hannele Chiguridaga deals with the empowerment of women in education and widow marriage. The 1968 movie Mannina Maga depicted the difficulty of sustaining community life in
6528-663: The record of receiving Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Kannada and Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actor the highest number of times. He received the NTR National Award in 2002. He was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Mysore , and is a recipient of the Padma Bhushan (1983) and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1995) for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema . He
6624-436: The region is Karnataka Shastreeya Sangeetha which has evolved over ages. Both Hindustani and Karnataka variations are respected and nurtured by Kannadigas. Bhavageete and Sugama Sangeetha are some innovations. Other forms of music include Gamaka , Joogera Pada and Lavani . Yakshagana is considered a unique and indigenous form of both music and dance of Karnataka. Contemporary musical thespians are: Rangabhoomi or
6720-538: The region), Angi a traditional form of shirt and Peta turban worn in Mysuru style or Dharwad style. Shalya is a piece of long cloth which is put on shoulder commonly seen in the countryside. Many use Khadi in their clothing until date of which politicians are prominent ones. Female costumes include Seere of which Ilakal Seere and Mysore silk are famous. Seere has variations of draping depending on regions like Kodagu, North and South Karnataka and Karavali . Young women in some parts of Karnataka traditionally wear
6816-458: The rich versus poor in a rural backdrop. The 1985 movie Jwaalamukhi speaks about marks card forgery. The 1985 movie Dhruva Thare speaks about the oppression by the higher class and the need for the minimum wages. The 1986 movie Anuraga Aralithu speaks about the implementation of labour reforms in factory. The 1987 movie Shruthi Seridaaga made a strong statement against believing horoscope blindly. The 1987 movie Ondu Muttina Kathe
6912-442: The running by withstanding the onslaught of time, age and the ever changing demands of celluloid world. Jnanapith awardee U. R. Ananthamurthy had noted that movies of Rajkumar were less melodramatic than the movies of his counterparts at that time in other languages— MGR , Sivaji Ganesan and NTR . Amitabh Bachchan had praised Rajkumar's simplicity and his ability to perform any role to perfection. Anil Kapoor called him
7008-484: The share capital and the remaining 7 per cent by private shareholders. It commenced operations in 1970 at Goraguntepalya in Bengaluru. The studio suffered losses, as new generation of film-makers and new techniques took over the industry. Several decades later it was eventually taken over by the government. In 2005, the State Government initiated a proposal to revive the studio by leashing in private firms for
7104-485: The span of over five decades. Rajkumar along with his contemporaries Udaya Kumar and Kalyan Kumar were referred as the Kumara Thrayaru of Kannada cinema. He acted in 36 films with Udaya Kumar and in 5 films with Kalyan Kumar. His historical movies such as Ranadheera Kanteerava , Immadi Pulikeshi , Sri Krishnadevaraya and Mayura presented a populist version of Karnataka's history , focusing on
7200-422: The temples were built using the locally available stones. Some of the places of interest are: Pioneer sculptors include: Modern day contemporaries include visionary architects such as: Modern Kannada art is primarily influenced by Raja Ravi Varma and his realism. Popular visual arts generally revolve around puppetry. Most traditional religious paintings include works that are very colorful. These are many of
7296-495: The theater culture is a tradition with Kannadigas. While a lot of gadhya (literature) is written in praise of the heroic characters of the epics and puranas, there are major works depicting the kings and their rule. These are called Naataka (plays having wide-ranging stages for performance like Rangamancha staged in either theaters or on streets) and Bayalata ( ಬಯಲಾಟ ). As its etymology indicates, bayalu means open-air field and ata means theater. In southern Karnataka,
7392-485: The theater of battle scenes of heroism, loyalty and treachery, colour and pageantry are the main subjects. More are adapted with the course of nature and seasons adding colour to the harvesting seasons. Tribal forms of dance can be found limited in the regions inhabited by Soligas , of which Pinasee is a traditional dance form. The people of Kodagu in the Western Ghats also have their own dance forms. Some of
7488-507: The time and is considered one of his best songs. Rajkumar has been credited for having sung across various genres and each rendition according to the mood of the scene in the film. In "Yaaru Tiliyaru Ninna" for Babruvahana (1977), a prosodic form of Kannada poetry that required the tone to be a combination of sarcasm and anger, he blended the twin skills of theatrics and music. For Nee Nanna Gellalare (1981), he sang two songs—"Jeeva Hoovagide" and "Anuraga Enaytu"—beginning both with
7584-440: Was kidnapped from his farmhouse at Gajanur by Veerappan and was released after 108 days. He died of cardiac arrest at his residence in Bangalore on 12 April 2006 at the age of 76. His eyes were donated as per his last wish. In his film career, Rajkumar received eleven Karnataka State Film Awards , including nine Best Actor and two Best Singer awards, eight Filmfare Awards South and one National Film Award . He holds
7680-430: Was a narration on how the value of objects differ across the social strata, especially among the literate and the illiterate. The 1992 movie Jeevana Chaitra instigated many villages to ban arrack shops. The 1993 movie Aakasmika was about woman trafficking and prostitution racquet. Kannada people The Kannadigas or Kannaḍigaru ( Kannada : ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರು ), often referred to as Kannada people , are
7776-523: Was a remake of his debut Kannada movie Bedara Kannappa . He had lead roles in 205 movies. He owned a production company called Sri Vajreshwari Combines under the banner Dakshayani Combines . Bhagyada Bagilu (1968) was his 100th film, Devatha Manushya (1988) was his 200th film and Shabdavedhi (2000) was his last film. His character depictions ranged from mythological, historical, devotional, James Bond styled spies to romantic, rural, action roles and portrayals of contemporary social causes in
7872-501: Was also noted for doing swashbuckler films such as Vidhivilasa (1962), Veera Kesari (1963), Katari Veera (1966), Madhu Malathi (1966), Rajashekara (1967), Rajadurgada Rahasya (1967), Simha Swapna (1968), Jaga Mecchida Maga (1972), Bahaddur Gandu (1976) and Huliya Haalina Mevu (1979) at regular intervals in the 1960s and the 1970s. When Rajkumar appeared as CID 999 in Jedara Bale , he became
7968-407: Was also praised for his ability to integrate actors' virtues with the power of a superstar without letting one erase the other by acting as a gulf between mainstream popular movies and artistic cinemas. It was also noted that it was his subtle acting prowess, spontaneous style and his flair to give the reel characters a real credibility which singled him out to the top and helped him to never be out of
8064-509: Was also proficient in Tamil. Puttaswamayya was good at playing mythological roles such as Kamsa , Ravana , and Hiranyakashipu . Muthuraj left school at eight and was later discovered by film producers, who cast him in small roles that he played till he was 25. He was named Muthuraj, after Muthaththi Raya (a name for the Hindu deity Hanuman ), which is a temple deity located in Muthathi ,
8160-448: Was also the first Indian actor to be bestowed with an honorary doctorate for acting. A mega icon and a socio-cultural symbol of Kannada, he has been credited with redefining Kannada cinema and also putting the Kannada cinema on the national map. He was the first actor to play the lead role in 100 as well as 200 Kannada movies. His 1986 movie Anuraga Aralithu was the first Indian movie to be remade in seven other languages. He has
8256-410: Was announced. The state government declared a statewide holiday on 13 April as a mark of respect to the departed soul, who was also a recipient of Karnataka Ratna ( Gem of Karnataka ) award. Private firms and businesses all over the city and many parts of the state remained closed due to the holiday. The body was kept initially at Rajkumar's home in Sadashiva Nagar. Due to the immense crowd pressure,
8352-401: Was another notable poet of this genre. Basavanna , Akka Mahadevi , Allama Prabhu , Vidyaranya , Harihara , Raghavanka , Kumara Vyasa , Sarvajna , Purandara Dasa , Kanaka Dasa , Shishunala Shareefa , Raghavendra Swami etc. were pioneers of Nadugannada. All these have been involved with social and cultural movements and hence this was the golden era of literature which brought about
8448-433: Was his first song for a film. He subsequently sang "Thumbithu Manava", a duet with S. Janaki , for the movie Mahishasura Mardini (1959). However, he became a full-fledged singer only in 1974 when he sang in place of P. B. Sreenivas for Sampathige Savaal , who had till then sung for most songs picturised on Rajkumar, fell ill. Rajkumar sang the energetic "Yaare Koogadali" for the film which became widely popular during
8544-570: Was in accordance with the betrothal that their fathers made following the latter's birth. Together, they had five children: sons Shiva , Raghavendra and Puneeth , and daughters Lakshmi and Poornima. Having lived a "hand to mouth existence" after marriage in a joint family that included 24 children in Madras , the family moved to Bangalore in 1972, after Rajkumar began getting multiple film offers. On 30 July 2000, Rajkumar, his son-in-law Govindaraju and two others were abducted by Veerappan from
8640-609: Was observed. Several people attempted suicide after hearing the news; most of them were rescued. The funeral cortège the next day started from Sree Kanteerava Stadium to Kanteerava Studios a few minutes before 12:30 pm (IST), a distance of 14 kilometres (8.7 mi). Around two million people followed his remains. However, the entire procession was marked with violence with mourners attacking public property, and police, who resorted to lathi-charge and tear gas . Passing through Krishna Raja Circle, Palace Road, T. Chowdiah Road, Sadashivanagar, Yeswanthpur and Goraguntepalya localities,
8736-451: Was reported to be the first Indian movie made on the concept of protection of forest and wildlife conservation with a focus on the need to preserve the flora and fauna at a time when the CITES treaty was signed with an aim to reduce the economic incentive to poach endangered species. The 1974 movie Sampathige Savaal speaks subtely about the abolishment of Zamindar system by portraying
8832-489: Was secured remains a mystery. On 12 April 2006, Rajkumar returned to his Sadashivanagar residence after his regular 20-minute walk and had a general medical check-up by 11:30 a.m. ( IST ). At 1:50 pm (IST), as he sat on a sofa, he asked a member of his family to slow the fan down and immediately collapsed. His personal physician Ramana Rao was called for, who rushed within three minutes, and performed external cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation . Rajkumar
8928-452: Was shot in Nepal and became the first Kannada movie to be shot outside India. His movie Ondu Muttina Kathe was reported to be the first ever Indian film to have an underwater action sequence shot in an ocean outside India without the help of oxygen mask. Rajkumar's 1971 movie Kasturi Nivasa was colorised and released in 2014. Even close to a decade after his death, the movie garnered
9024-481: Was the first Kannada news publication as early as 1843 by German missionary Hermann Mögling . Followed by Bhashyam Bhashyachar who is credited with publishing the first Kannada weekly from Mysore " Mysuru Vrittanta Bodhini " in 1859 under the royal patronage of Krishnaraja Wadiyar III . Shortly after Indian independence in 1948, K. N. Guruswamy founded The Printers (Mysore) Private Limited and began publishing two newspapers, Deccan Herald and Prajavani. Presently
9120-470: Was then taken to MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital and was administered intracardiac injections. Efforts to revive him failed and he was pronounced dead at 2:05 pm (IST). His death occurred 12 days before his 77th birthday. His eyes were donated to two visually impaired persons the same day. Rajkumar's death triggered an outpouring of grief. There was major shutdown in the city of Bengaluru . An unofficial bandh (closure of all shops and other establishments)
9216-483: Was voted by Indians as the first of Seven Wonders of India, the Yelu Sutthina Kote of Chitradurga (The Fort of Seven Laps) cutting across hill or the wholesomeness of carvings of temples which bared down all desires to be left out of it and formless (above all forms) all encompassing — the inner garbhagrihas . The temples of Karnataka had in them many shaili or varieties to credit. A majority of
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