64-457: Karyes Typikon [REDACTED] The original document with the authentic signature of Sava Created 1199 Location Mount Athos Author(s) Monk Sava Purpose Typikon The Karyes Typikon ( Serbian : Карејски типик/Karejski tipik ) was written for the Karyes cell on Mount Athos in 1199 by Saint Sava , at
128-592: A samanera (novice). Novices often ordain at a young age, but generally no younger than eight. Samaneras live according to the Ten Precepts , but are not responsible for living by the full set of monastic rules. Higher ordination, conferring the status of a full bhikkhu, is given only to men who are aged 20 or older. Bhikkhunis follow a similar progression, but are required to live as samaneras for longer periods of time, typically five years. The disciplinary regulations for bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are intended to create
192-888: A Jewish sect that flourished from the second century BC to AD 100 which some scholars claim seceded from the Zadokite priests. Being much fewer in number than the Pharisees and the Sadducees (the other two major sects at the time), the Essenes lived in various cities but congregated in communal life dedicated to asceticism , voluntary poverty , daily immersion (in mikvah), and abstinence from worldly pleasures, including (for some groups) marriage . Many separate but related religious groups of that era shared similar mystic , eschatological , messianic , and ascetic beliefs. These groups are collectively referred to by various scholars as
256-495: A Nazirite vow was for a specified time period and not permanent. In Modern Hebrew, the term "Nazir" is most often used to refer to non-Jewish monastics. Unique among Jewish communities is the monasticism of the Beta Israel of Ethiopia, a practice believed to date to the 15th century. A form of asceticism was practiced by some individuals in pre– World War II European Ashkenazi Jewish communities. Its principal expression
320-454: A commitment to a life of prayer, contemplation, and service to others. Teachings from Shenoute of Atripe, an influential figure in the development of the monastic tradition in Egypt and for his writings on monastic life were also implemented throughout monasteries. Sometimes written in the masculine gender as if exclusively applicable to the male congregations, despite the fact Shenoute commanded
384-513: A conference of the DIMMID in 1995, there are three significant similarities between Muslim and monastic spirituality. Firstly, the central place of obedience in the monastic tradition parallels the importance of surrender or submission in Islam. Secondly, similar to monastic communities which come together several times a day for prayer, Muslims practices ritual prayer (salāt) five times a day. Finally,
448-498: A crucial role in promoting and financing the monastic movement. Monasteries served as a space for communal living for monks and nuns many operated under different ranges of severity for rules and punishment of disobedience towards practices that largely originated from the Desert Fathers, these parameters were administer by a superior (Father/Mother). While the practices of female monastic communities varied, they were united by
512-541: A federation that included both male and female congregations. Later, during 379 CE the first monastery for women was founded in Jerusalem by Saint Melania the Elder. This was a significant moment in history: before then, female monasteries were solely adjunct to male monasteries, although the history of female ascetics predates even the earliest recognized female ascetic pioneers, such as Saint Mary of Egypt, who lived during
576-547: A life that is simple and focused, rather than one of deprivation or severe asceticism. However, celibacy is a fundamental part of this form of monastic discipline. Monasticism in Christianity, which provides the origins of the words "monk" and "monastery", comprises several diverse forms of religious living. It began to develop early in the history of the Church, but is not mentioned in the scriptures. The precise origins of
640-437: A living example for the laity, and to serve as a "field of merit" for lay followers—providing laymen and women with the opportunity to earn merit by giving gifts and support to the bhikkhus. In return for the support of the laity, bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are expected to live an austere life focused on the study of Buddhist doctrine, the practice of meditation, and the observance of good moral character. A bhikkhu first ordains as
704-521: A marginal role, as in modern Judaism . Many monastics live in abbeys , convents , monasteries , or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders . The Sangha or community of ordained Buddhist bhikkhus ( Pali bhikkhu , like Sanskrit bhikṣuts , means 'simag; one who lives by alms ' ), and original bhikkhunīs (nuns) were founded by Gautama Buddha during his lifetime over 2500 years ago. This communal monastic lifestyle grew out of
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#1732780091772768-603: A means to "serve God with joy" (Deut. 28:47). However, until the Destruction of the Second Temple , about two thousand years ago, taking Nazirite vows was a common feature of the religion. Nazirite Jews (in Hebrew : נזיר ) abstained from grape products, haircuts, and contact with the dead. However, they did not withdraw from general society, and they were permitted to marry and own property; moreover, in most cases
832-607: A message to some companions who wanted to put an end to their sexual life, pray all night long or fast continuously, Muhammad said: "Do not do that! Fast on some days and eat on others. Sleep part of the night, and stand in prayer another part. For your body has rights upon you, your eyes have a right upon you, your wife has a right upon you, your guest has a right upon you." Muhammad once exclaimed, repeating it three times: "Woe to those who exaggerate [who are too strict]!" And, on another occasion, Muhammad said: "Moderation, moderation! For only with moderation will you succeed." Monasticism
896-431: A monastic life are generally called nuns, religious sisters or, rarely, canonesses, while monastic men are called monks, friars or brothers. During the fourth and fifth century monasticism allowed women to be removed from traditional lifestyles such as marriage and childbearing to live a life devoted to God. Guided by daily rules and lifestyle guidelines, monasticism afforded women great spiritual autonomy. Women also played
960-528: A paradise and a haven of salvation for those seeking to be saved"). From that moment the mountain was consecrated as the garden of the Mother of God and was out of bounds to all other women. Historical documents on ancient Mount Athos history are very few. Monks have certainly been there since the fourth century, and possibly since the third. During Constantine I 's reign (324–337) both Christians and followers of traditional Greek religion were living there. During
1024-427: A permanent home nor any possessions, wandering barefoot from place to place except during the months of Chaturmas . The quality of life they lead is difficult because of the many constraints placed on them. They don't use a vehicle for commuting and always commute barefoot from one place to another, irrespective of the distance. They don't possess any materialistic things and also don't use the basic services like that of
1088-514: A phone, electricity etc. They don't prepare food and live only on what people offer them. Judaism does not encourage the monastic ideal of celibacy and poverty. To the contrary—all of the Torah 's commandments are a means of sanctifying the physical world. As further disseminated through the teachings of the Yisrael Ba'al Shem Tov , the pursuit of permitted physical pleasures is encouraged as
1152-453: A small patch of hair on the back of the head, while Saivite monks let their hair and beard grow uncut. A sādhu's vow of renunciation typically forbids him from: Islam forbids the practice of monasticism. In Sunni Islam , one example is Uthman bin Maz'oon ; one of the companions of Muhammad . He was married to Khawlah bint Hakim , both being two of the earliest converts to Islam. There
1216-556: A vocation from God. His objective is to imitate the life of Christ as far as possible in preparation for attaining eternal life after death. Titles for monastics differ between the Christian denominations. In Roman Catholicism and Anglicanism, monks and nuns are addressed as Brother (or Father, if ordained to the priesthood) or Mother, Sister, while in Eastern Orthodoxy, they are addressed as Father or Mother. Women pursuing
1280-549: Is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic , Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism , Hinduism , and Jainism . In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism , or plays
1344-579: Is a Sunni narration that, out of religious devotion, Uthman bin Maz'oon decided to dedicate himself to night prayers and take a vow of chastity from his wife. His wife got upset and spoke to Muhammad about this. Muhammad reminded Uthman that he himself, as the Prophet, also had a family life, and that Uthman had a responsibility to his family and should not adopt monasticism as a form of religious practice. Muhammad told his companions to ease their burden and avoid excess. According to some Sunni hadiths , in
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#17327800917721408-700: Is a mountain on the Athos peninsula in northeastern Greece directly on the Aegean Sea. It is an important center of Eastern Orthodox monasticism . The mountain and most of the Athos peninsula are governed as an autonomous region in Greece by the monastic community of Mount Athos , which is ecclesiastically under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople . The remainder of
1472-595: Is also mentioned in the following verse of Qur'an : Then We caused Our messengers to follow in their footsteps; and We caused Isa(A.S.), son of Mariam, to follow, and gave him the Injil, and placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of those who followed him. But monasticism they invented – We ordained it not for them – only seeking Allah's pleasure, and they observed it not with right observance. So We give those of them who believe their reward, but many of them are evil-livers. Nevertheless, as Christian de Chergé laid out in
1536-546: Is called a sanyāsī , sādhu , or swāmi . A nun is called a sanyāsini , sādhvi , or swāmini . Such renunciates are accorded high respect in Hindu society, because their outward renunciation of selfishness and worldliness serves as an inspiration to householders who strive for mental renunciation. Some monastics live in monasteries, while others wander from place to place, trusting in God alone to provide for their physical needs. It
1600-430: Is considered a highly meritorious act for a lay devotee to provide sadhus with food or other necessaries. Sādhus are expected to treat all with respect and compassion, whether a person may be poor or rich, good or wicked. They are also expected to be indifferent to praise, blame, pleasure, and pain. A sādhu can typically be recognized by his ochre-colored clothing. Generally, Vaisnava monks shave their heads except for
1664-519: Is covered with mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forests. Black pine ( Pinus nigra ) forests are found at higher elevations. Sclerophyllous scrub vegetation is also found throughout Mount Athos. Typical forest trees are sweet chestnut ( Castanea sativa ), holm oak ( Quercus ilex ), kermes oak ( Quercus coccifera ), Hungarian oak ( Quercus frainetto ), oriental plane ( Platanus orientalis ), black pine ( Pinus nigra ), and cedar ( Calocedrus decurrens ). Other common plant species include
1728-588: Is more commonly found in the northern part of the peninsula. Broadleaf maquis is found further south. Deciduous broadleaf forest dominated by sweet chestnut lies above the broadleaf maquis zone. There are also mixed forests consisting of deciduous oak trees, as well as limes , aspen , hop hornbeam , and maple . Black pine and stinking juniper can be found at higher elevations. Some herbaceous plants with tubers and bulbs include crocus , anemone , cyclamen , and fritillary species. At least 35 plant species are endemic to Mount Athos, most of which are found in
1792-800: Is regarded by many historians and theologians as the "cradle of the Reformation ", as it is where Martin Luther lived as a monk from 1505 to 1511. Today new expressions of Christian monasticism , many of which are ecumenical , are developing in various places such as the Bose Monastic Community in Italy, the Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem throughout Europe, the Anglo-Celtic Society of Nativitists,
1856-755: Is the name of one of the Gigantes that challenged the Greek gods during the Gigantomachia . Athos threw a massive rock at Poseidon which fell in the Aegean Sea and became Mount Athos. According to another version of the story, Poseidon used the mountain to bury the defeated giant. Homer mentions the mountain Athos in the Iliad . Herodotus writes that during the Persian invasion of Thrace in 492 BC,
1920-531: The parinibbāna (Final Passing) of the Buddha, the Buddhist monastic order developed into a primarily cenobitic or communal movement. The practice of living communally during the rainy vassa season, prescribed by the Buddha, gradually grew to encompass a settled monastic life centered on life in a community of practitioners. Most of the modern disciplinary rules followed by bhikkhus and bhikkhunis—as encoded in
1984-491: The Aegean Sea at a width of between 7 and 12 km (4.3 and 7.5 mi) and covers an area of 335.6 km (130 sq mi). The actual Mount Athos has steep, densely forested slopes reaching up to 2,033 m (6,670 ft). The Athos peninsula, unlike Sithonia and Kassandra , is a geological continuation of the Rhodope Mountains of northern Greece and Bulgaria. The surrounding seas, especially at
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2048-552: The Hebrew Bible which were untouched from as early as 300 years before Christ until their discovery in 1946. Some scholars, however, dispute the notion that the Essenes wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls. Rachel Elior , a prominent Israeli scholar, even questions the existence of the Essenes. While Sikhism treats lust as a sin, it at the same time points out that man must share the moral responsibility by leading
2112-583: The Lectio Divina , the meditative reading of Sacred Scripture interpreted as God's word directed to the reader is echoed by the Muslim conviction that in and through the Qur'ān, God speaks to each individual. Islam does encourage one to abstain from pursuing the life of the world solely, but it does not obligate that believers must abandon the worldly life entirely, and this is known as zuhd in Islam. At best,
2176-519: The Patimokkha —relate to such an existence, prescribing in great detail proper methods for living and relating in a community of bhikkhus or bhikkhunis. The number of rules observed varies with the order; Theravada bhikkhus follow around 227 rules, the Vinaya . There are a larger number of rules specified for bhikkhunis (nuns). The Buddhist monastic order consists of the male bhikkhu assembly and
2240-593: The Taizé Community in France, the Eastern Orthodox monasteries of New Skete , New York, and the mainly Evangelical Protestant New Monasticism . In their quest to attain the spiritual goal of life, some Hindus choose the path of monasticism ( Sannyasa ). Monastics commit themselves to a life of simplicity , celibacy , detachment from worldly pursuits, and the contemplation of God. A Hindu monk
2304-506: The "Essenes". Josephus records that Essenes existed in large numbers, and thousands lived throughout Roman Judaea . The Essenes have gained fame in modern times as a result of the discovery of an extensive group of religious documents known as the Dead Sea Scrolls , which are commonly believed to be the Essenes' library—although there is no proof that the Essenes wrote them. These documents include multiple preserved copies of
2368-535: The 5th century CE. In fourth century Egypt, Christians felt called to a more reclusive or eremitic form of living (in the spirit of the "Desert Theology" for the purpose of spiritual renewal and return to God). Saint Anthony the Great is cited by Athanasius as one of the early "Hermit monks". Especially in the Middle East, eremitic monasticism continued to be common until the decline of Syriac Christianity in
2432-518: The Eastern Orthodox world use this name: in the East Slavic languages ( Russian , Ukrainian , and Belarusian ) it is simply called Афон ( Afon , meaning "Athos"), while in Romanian it is called "Mount Athos" ( Muntele Athos or Muntele Atos ). The peninsula, the easternmost "leg" of the larger Chalkidiki peninsula in central Macedonia , protrudes 50 km (31 mi) into
2496-696: The area of the main summit in the south. Isatis tinctoria ssp. athoa , a woad subspecies, and Viola athois are named after Mount Athos. Mount Athos is also home to 350 species of mushrooms. Mammals include the grey wolf ( Canis lupus ), wild boar ( Sus scrofa ), red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ), jackal ( Canis aureus ), European badger ( Meles meles ), beech marten ( Martes foina ), stoat ( Mustela erminea ), weasel ( Mustela nivalis vulgaris ), European hedgehog ( Erinaceus concolor ), shrews ( Crocidura spp.), and Mediterranean monk seal ( Monachus monachus ). Other mammal species include roe deer , hares , and red squirrels . Birds include
2560-436: The black stork ( Ciconia nigra ), short-toed snake-eagle ( Circaetus gallicus ), golden eagle ( Aquila chrysaetos ), lesser kestrel ( Falco naumanni ), capercaillie ( Tetrao urogallus ), eagle owl ( Bubo bubo ), yelkouan shearwater ( Puffinus yelkouan ), and Audouin's gull ( Larus audouinii ). Other bird species include swifts , swallows , martins , nightingales , and hoopoes . In Greek mythology , Athos
2624-526: The cities of Dion (Dium) and Akrothoon. Eretria also established colonies on Akte. At least one other city was established in the Classical period: Akanthos (Acanthus). Some of these cities minted their own coins. The peninsula was on the invasion route of Xerxes I , who spent three years excavating the Xerxes Canal across the isthmus to allow the passage of his invasion fleet in 483 BC. After
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2688-447: The death of Alexander the Great , the architect Dinocrates (Deinokrates) proposed carving the entire mountain into a statue of Alexander. Pliny the Elder stated in 77 AD that the inhabitants of Mount Athos could "live to their four hundredth year" due to the fact that they eat the skin of vipers. The lack of historical accounts shrouds the history of the peninsula during the later ages. Archaeologists have not been able to determine
2752-603: The end of the peninsula, can be dangerous. In ancient Greek history, two fleet disasters in the area are recorded: Herodotus claimed that in 492 BC, Darius , the king of Persia , lost 300 ships under general Mardonius . In 411 BC the Spartans lost a fleet of 50 ships under the admiral Epicleas. Mount Athos has an extensive network of footpaths , many of which date back to the Byzantine period . Many are typically not accessible to motor vehicle traffic. Much of Mount Athos
2816-604: The exact location of the cities reported by Strabo. It is believed that they must have been deserted when Athos's new inhabitants, the monks, started arriving sometime before the ninth century AD. According to the Athonite tradition, the Blessed Virgin Mary was sailing accompanied by St John the Evangelist from Joppa to Cyprus to visit Lazarus . When the ship was blown off course to then-pagan Athos, it
2880-445: The female bhikkhunī assembly. Initially consisting only of males, it grew to include females after the Buddha's stepmother, Mahaprajapati , asked for and received permission to live as an ordained practitioner. Bhikkhus and bhikkhunis are expected to fulfill a variety of roles in the Buddhist community. First and foremost, they are expected to preserve the doctrine and discipline now known as Buddhism. They are also expected to provide
2944-449: The fleet of the Persian commander Mardonius was wrecked with losses of 300 ships and 20,000 men, by a strong North wind while attempting to round the coast near Mount Athos. Herodotus also states that Pelasgians from the island of Lemnos populated the peninsula, then called Akte, and names five cities thereon, Sane , Kleonai (Cleonae), Thyssos (Thyssus), Olophyxos (Olophyxus), and Akrothoon (Acrothoum). Strabo also mentions
3008-630: The late Middle Ages. Around 318 Saint Pachomius started to organize his many followers in what was to become the first Christian cenobitic or communal monastery . Soon, similar institutions were established throughout the Egyptian desert as well as the rest of the eastern half of the Roman Empire. Notable monasteries in the East include: In the West, the most significant development occurred when
3072-416: The life of a householder. According to Sikhism , being God-centred while being a householder is better than being an ascetic. According to Sikhism, ascetics are not on the right path. When Guru Nanak visited Gorakhmata , he discussed the true meaning of asceticism with some yogis. Asceticism doesn't lie in ascetic robes, or in walking staff, nor in the ashes. Asceticism doesn't lie in the earring, nor in
3136-425: The lifestyle of earlier sects of wandering ascetics , some of whom the Buddha had studied under. It was initially fairly eremitic or reclusive in nature. Bhikkhus and bhikkunis were expected to live with a minimum of possessions, which were to be voluntarily provided by the lay community. Lay followers also provided the daily food that bhikkhus required, and provided shelter for bhikkhus when they needed it. After
3200-727: The most common rule throughout the Middle Ages and is still in use today. The Augustinian Rule , due to its brevity, has been adopted by various communities, chiefly the Canons Regular . Around the 12th century, the Franciscan , Carmelite , Dominican , Servite Order (see Servants of Mary ) and Augustinian mendicant orders chose to live in city convents among the people instead of being secluded in monasteries. St. Augustine's Monastery , founded in 1277 in Erfurt , Germany
3264-451: The movement are obscure but it seems that it originated in more than one place with Egypt and Syria as important early centres. It has come to be regulated by religious rules (e.g. the Rule of St Basil, the Rule of St Benedict) and, in modern times, the Church law of the respective apostolic Christian churches that have forms of monastic living. The Christian monk embraces the monastic life as
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#17327800917723328-575: The only monasticism of Islam is Jihad, as mentioned by Hadith and Tafsir. Imam Ahmad recorded that Anas bin Malik said that the Prophet said, "Every Prophet has Rahbaniyyah (monasticism); Jihad in the cause of Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, is the Rahbaniyyah of this Ummah." In Jainism , monasticism is encouraged and respected. Rules for monasticism are rather strict. A Jain ascetic has neither
3392-798: The original on 2009-02-24. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karyes_Typikon&oldid=1255619784 " Categories : 12th-century Christian texts Medieval documents of Serbia Serbian literature Serbian books Serbian manuscripts Saint Sava 1190s works History of the Serbian Orthodox Church Mount Athos Cyrillic manuscripts Athos manuscripts Serbian Cyrillic texts Hidden categories: Pages using infobox document with unknown parameters Articles containing Serbian-language text Mount Athos Mount Athos ( / ˈ æ θ ɒ s / ; Greek : Ἄθως [ˈa.θos] )
3456-424: The peninsula Hersonisos tou Atho ( Greek : Χερσόνησος του Άθω ), while the designation Agio Oros ( Greek : Άγιο Όρος ) translating to 'Holy Mountain' is also used. Some languages of Orthodox tradition use names that translate to 'Holy Mountain', including Bulgarian , Macedonian and Serbian ( Света Гора , Sveta Gora ), and Georgian ( მთაწმინდა , mtats’minda ). However, not all languages spoken in
3520-489: The peninsula forms part of the Aristotelis municipality. Women are prohibited from entering the area governed by the monastic community by Greek law and by religious tradition. Mount Athos has been inhabited since ancient times and is known for its long Christian presence and historical monastic traditions, which date back to at least 800 AD during the Byzantine era . Because of its long history of religious importance,
3584-479: The reign of Julian (361–363), the churches of Mount Athos were destroyed, and Christians hid in the woods and inaccessible places. Later, during Theodosius I 's reign (379–395), the temples of the traditional Greek religion were destroyed. The lexicographer Hesychius of Alexandria states that in the fifth century, there was still a temple and a statue of " Zeus Athonite". After the Islamic conquest of Egypt in
3648-656: The rules for monastic communities were written down, the Rule of St Basil being credited with having been the first. The precise dating of the Rule of the Master is problematic. It has been argued that it antedates the Rule of Saint Benedict created by Benedict of Nursia for his monastery in Monte Cassino , Italy (c. 529), and the other Benedictine monasteries he had founded as part of the Order of St Benedict . It would become
3712-529: The seventh century, many Orthodox monks from the Egyptian desert tried to find another calm place; some of them came to the Athos peninsula. An ancient document states that monks "built huts of wood with roofs of straw ... and by collecting fruit from the wild trees were providing themselves improvised meals." Monasticism Monasticism (from Ancient Greek μοναχός ( monakhós ) 'solitary, monastic'; from μόνος ( mónos ) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood ,
3776-503: The shaven head, nor blowing a conch. Asceticism lies in remaining pure amidst impurities. Asceticism doesn't lie in mere words; He is an ascetic who treats everyone alike. Asceticism doesn't lie in visiting burial places, It lies not in wandering about, nor in bathing at places of pilgrimage. Asceticism is to remain pure amidst impurities. Throughout the centuries, Taoism especially Quanzhen School , have developed their own extensive monastic traditions and practices. Particularly well-known
3840-434: The strawberry tree ( Arbutus unedo and Arbutus andrachne ), cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens ), laurel ( Laurus nobilis ), lentisk ( Pistacia lentiscus ), phillyrea ( Phillyrea latifolia ), wild olive ( Olea europea ), and heather ( Erica spp.). Deciduous trees that are primarily found alongside streams include white willow , laurel , Oriental plane , and alder trees. Aleppo pine ( Pinus halepensis )
3904-867: The time a monk and later the first Serbian Archbishop . It is basically a translation from a standard Greek ascetic typikon with some minor changes. It became a model for Serbian solitary or eremitical monasticism also outside of Mount Athos. It is published along with the Catalog of Cyrillic manuscripts from the Hilandar monastery since 1908. See also [ edit ] Studenica Typikon Charter of Hilandar Serbian manuscripts References [ edit ] ^ Bogdanović 1999 , Предговор, para. 13, Карејски типик Sources [ edit ] Bogdanović, Dimitrije (1999) [1986]. "Свети Сава: Сабрани списи" (Internet ed.). Belgrade: Просвета, Српска књижевна задруга; Rastko. Archived from
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#17327800917723968-502: The well-preserved agrarian architecture within the monasteries, and the preservation of the flora and fauna around the mountain, the monastic community of Mount Athos was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1988. In the classical era , Mount Athos was called Athos and the peninsula Acté or Akté ( Koinē Greek : Ἀκτή ). In modern Greek, the mountain is Oros Athos ( Greek : Όρος Άθως ) and
4032-580: Was prishut , the practice of a married Talmud student going into self-imposed exile from his home and family to study in the kollel of a different city or town. This practice was associated with, but not exclusive to, the Perushim . The Essenes (in Modern but not in Ancient Hebrew : אִסִּיִים , Isiyim ; Greek : Εσσηνοι, Εσσαιοι, or Οσσαιοι; Essēnoi , Essaioi , or Ossaioi ) were
4096-453: Was forced to anchor near the port of Klement, close to the present monastery of Iviron. The Virgin walked ashore and, overwhelmed by the mountain's wonderful and wild natural beauty, she blessed it and asked her Son for it to be her garden. A voice was heard saying, " Ἔστω ὁ τόπος οὗτος κλῆρος σὸς καὶ περιβόλαιον σὸν καὶ παράδεισος, ἔτι δὲ καὶ λιμὴν σωτήριος τῶν θελόντων σωθῆναι" (Translation: "Let this place be your inheritance and your garden,
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