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Lund ( / l ʊ n d / , US also / l ʌ n d / LU(U)ND , Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ) is a city in the southern Swedish province of Scania , across the Öresund strait from Copenhagen , Denmark. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 as of 2018 . It is the seat of Lund Municipality , Scania County . The Öresund Region , which includes Lund , is home to more than 4.1 million people.

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67-598: Overview C.E.Henriod & Cie and Automobiles Henriod & Cie (founded 1898), were enterprises based in Neuilly-sur-Seine , France. These companies were established by the pioneering Swiss automotive engineer Charles-Edouard Henriod born in Fleurier , Switzerland 22 May 1866 and died in Lausanne on18 November 1941, along with his brother Fritz. Innovations Henriod patented numerous inventions such as

134-665: A Swedish national facility. It was inaugurated on 21 June 2016. The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a pulsed neutron source under construction on a site just north of MAX IV. ESS is expected to directly employ about 450 people when it is completed in around 2023. Tetra Pak was founded in Lund in 1951 by Ruben Rausing . Their principal product is packages and equipment for aseptic packaging of food, principally using plastic-coated cardboard. As of January 2015 Tetra Pak employed around 3,500 staff at their headquarters in Lund. The pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca used to have

201-531: A gearbox on the back axle and front wheel drive. His inventions were made by automotive manufacturers in France and U.S.A. Neuilly-sur-Seine Neuilly-sur-Seine ( French pronunciation: [nøji syʁ sɛn] ; lit. 'Neuilly-on- Seine '), also known simply as Neuilly , is an urban commune in the Hauts-de-Seine department just west of Paris in France. Immediately adjacent to

268-488: A long time, and some winters are virtually free of snow. The population of the city has increased steadily over the last century. Of the inhabitants of the municipality, 18.8% were reported to have been born outside of Sweden in 2014. Lund University students make up a significant part of the city's population. Lund is governed by Lund Municipality. The municipality is responsible for the city of Lund, nearby settlements including Dalby , Södra Sandby and Veberöd , and

335-629: A market square during the daytime. In earlier times the square was used as a cattle market and was known as "Oxtorget". Smaller city squares in Lund include Domkyrkoplatsen, Petriplatsen, Västra stationstorget, Sockertorget and Knut den Stores Torg. Lund's most central park is Lundagård , which, along with the adjoining University square, forms the centre of the University. The park is dominated by historic buildings including Lund Cathedral, Lund University Main Building , and Kungshuset . The trees of

402-486: A small market and is the central terminus of the city's tramway. Bantorget is a green park-square close to the central station and Lund's Grand Hotel is placed there. The city hall is located on the main city square - Stortorget which often features concerts and various cultural and political events. Mårtenstorget hosts the Lund Market Hall, has many restaurants, food trucks and bars around it and serves as

469-512: A student theatre group since 1886. A substantial part of the student night-life is located at student fraternities called 'Nations'. Lund Cathedral, the former Catholic and the now Lutheran cathedral in Lund, is the seat of the bishop of Lund of the Church of Sweden. Lund also has a city theatre (though without a professional local ensemble of its own) and a number of other places for concerts and theatres. Numerous prominent figures from

536-421: A total of seven bus lines. A survey carried out on behalf of Region Skåne in 2015 found that 11% of Lund residents used the bus network regularly. Plans to initiate a nearly 6 km (3.7 mi) tram network to achieve faster and higher-capacity public transport between Lund Central Station and many of the largest work-places in the city were approved in 2015. The entire construction now stands finished and

603-554: Is twinned with: Lund Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark . From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lund , and the towering Lund Cathedral , built c.  1090 –1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, and its status as part of Sweden

670-465: Is 250 kilometres (160 miles) away, the capital Stockholm is 600 kilometres (370 miles) distant, and Umeå lies 1,200 kilometres (750 miles) to the north. The central part of Lund largely retains its medieval street layout. A few buildings from the Middle Ages remain, including Lund Cathedral, Liberiet , St. Peter's Priory , the restaurant Stäket and Krognoshuset. Many of today's buildings in

737-416: Is exemplified by the work of Fritiof Nilsson Piraten and Frank Heller . The spex are a form of student theatre particular to Nordic universities, with a strong tradition in Lund. They are parodistic musical plays, often setting well-known music to new lyrics and mixing up the historical and the present in unconventional intrigues. Comedians Hans Alfredson and Anders Jansson started their careers in

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804-528: Is old enough that its origins are unclear, and is presumed to have existed by the end of the Viking Age . Until the 1980s, the city was thought to have been founded around 1020 by either Sweyn I Forkbeard or his son Canute the Great of Denmark. The area was then part of the kingdom of Denmark. However, recent archaeological discoveries suggest that the first settlement dated to c.  990 , possibly

871-407: Is one of Sweden's few rugby clubs. Lund has a boxing association called Lunds Boxningssällskap . Lund is a railway junction and is well served by rail traffic. The main railway station, Lund Central , is Sweden's third busiest railway station, with around 37 000 passengers per day as of 2013 . Another, smaller station serves the suburb of Gunnesbo in the north-west of the city. Lund has been on

938-501: Is relatively mild compared to other locations at similar latitudes, or even somewhat further south, mainly because of its proximity to the sea. Because of Lund's northerly latitude, daylight lasts as long as 17 hours at midsummer, and only around 7 hours in mid-winter. Summers are warm and pleasant with average high temperatures of 23 °C (73 °F) and lows of around 14 °C (57 °F), but temperatures often exceed 25 °C (77 °F) and heat waves are common during

1005-614: Is the multi-lane northern ring road which also passes through the city limits. There are also other connections to most major roads in the area, for example the E6 via Riksväg 16, and the Länsväg 108 which connects to the E65 . Lund is served by Copenhagen Airport , the largest airport in the Nordic countries, which can be reached by frequent direct trains in about 35 minutes. The second airport in

1072-553: Is the oldest school in Scandinavia. Today it is a high gymnasium with about 1,400 students studying in five different programmes. Östervångskolan is a specialskola (special school) for deaf and hard of hearing students, providing education in Swedish and Swedish Sign Language. It accepts students from Skåne and surrounding areas. The school was founded in 1871 as Skånes Anstalt för Döfstumma i Lund (Skåne's Institute for

1139-560: The Norwegian archdiocese of Nidaros was founded as a separate province of the church, independent of Lund. In 1164 Sweden also acquired an archbishop of its own, although he was nominally subordinate to the archbishop of Lund. It is still, as the diocese of Lund , a diocese in the Church of Sweden . Lund Cathedral School (Katedralskolan) was founded in 1085 by the Danish king Canute

1206-619: The Southern Main Line , which connects Malmö and Stockholm, since it opened in 1856. The West Coast Line to Gothenburg branches off the Southern Main Line just north of Lund Central station. Thus there are direct services to all of Sweden's three largest cities, as well as to Copenhagen and Helsingør via the Öresund Bridge . Rail services to Denmark, and within Scania and neighbouring counties, are mainly provided by

1273-610: The Svanholm Singers . Since 2006, Lund has been the host of the biannual Lund International Choral Festival. Classical orchestras based in the city include the Lund City Orchestra, the Academic Orchestra and Lund New Chamber Orchestra. In more recent decades, Lund has also developed a lively pop and jazz scene. The cultural venue Mejeriet opened in 1987 in a former dairy building just outside

1340-519: The Synagogue de Neuilly was founded on Rue Ancelle, the oldest synagogue in the Paris suburbs. On 2 May 1897, the commune name officially became Neuilly-sur-Seine (meaning "Neuilly upon Seine "), in order to distinguish it from the many communes of France also called Neuilly . Most people, however, continue to refer to Neuilly-sur-Seine as simply "Neuilly". During the 1900 Summer Olympics , it hosted

1407-581: The basque pelota events. The American Hospital of Paris was founded in 1906. In 1919, the Treaty of Neuilly was signed with Bulgaria in Neuilly-sur-Seine to conclude its role in World War I. In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne , which was previously divided between the communes of Neuilly-sur-Seine and Boulogne-Billancourt , was annexed in its entirety by the city of Paris. Neuilly is one of

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1474-587: The Øresundståg . These trains are operated jointly by Skånetrafiken in Scania and the Danish State Railways in Denmark. Longer distance services, notably to Stockholm, are provided by SJ . Local traffic is served by the Pågatåg electric multiple units, which provide stopping services within Scania. Lund has been praised for its cycling infrastructure . There are 4,800 bike parking spaces in

1541-541: The Deaf and Mute in Lund) and had its premises on Östervångsvägen until 2016 when it relocated to Tunaskolan . The International School of Lund Katedralskolan (ISLK) later moved to the Östervångsvägen site. The Royal Swedish Physiographic Society is a learned society based in Lund. The culture in Lund is characterised by the university education and research, and the large student population and student traditions, such as

1608-593: The Lund spex. The concluding scenes in Ingmar Bergman 's classic film Wild Strawberries are set in Lund. The Lund International Architecture Film Festival is held annually in the autumn. Lund hosts the largest open-air museum of Scania, Kulturen . Kulturen is the second oldest dedicated open-air museum in the world. Founded in 1892 by Georg Karlin, it consists of more than 30 buildings, as well as collections exhibiting Scanian art, crafts, local archaeology and history. Several museums are attached to

1675-599: The Saint . This is the oldest school in Scandinavia and one of the oldest in Northern Europe. Many prominent people were educated there, among them the actor Max von Sydow and several high-ranking politicians. Lund was ceded to Sweden in 1658 as part of the terms of the Treaty of Roskilde . It was recaptured by Denmark in 1676 during the early phases of the Scanian War . The exceptionally bloody Battle of Lund

1742-601: The area, Malmö Airport , is located about 26 kilometres (16 miles) away and is mainly used for domestic flights. There also used to be a very small airstrip, Hasslanda Flygfält , to the south of Lund, mainly used for private and charter flights. The airstrip closed in 2008. Lund is a regional centre for high tech companies, several of which are based in the north-east of the city. Companies with offices in Lund include Sony Mobile Communications , Ericsson , Arm Holdings , and Microsoft . The Swedish telecommunications company Doro has its head office in Lund. Gambro , one of

1809-575: The banks of the Seine , was mentioned for the first time in a charter of the Abbey of Saint-Denis : the name was recorded in Medieval Latin as Portus de Lulliaco , meaning "Port of Lulliacum". In 1224 another charter of Saint-Denis recorded the name as Lugniacum . In a sales contract dated 1266, the name was also recorded as Luingni . In 1316, however, in a ruling of the parlement of Paris,

1876-495: The centre were constructed in the late 1800s, including Katedralskolan , the Grand Hotel and the main building and library of Lund University. Lund city contains four main city squares that are connected by a number of roads and passages that represent the main city centre containing numerous restaurants, shops and bars. Clemenstorget is a tree-covered city square located alongside the railway and associated station, hosts

1943-399: The centuries. The original name of Neuilly may have been Lulliacum or Lugniacum , and that it was only later corrupted into Nulliacum / Nully . Some interpret Lulliacum or Lugniacum as meaning "estate of Lullius (or Lunius)", probably a Gallo-Roman landowner. This interpretation is based on the many placenames of France made up of the names of Gallo-Roman landowners and suffixed with

2010-495: The city as an independently operated subsidiary of Canon . Other important industries include pharmaceuticals , biotechnology , and publishing and library services. Skåne University Hospital and Lund University are major employers, with extensive research facilities. In particular, the Lund Institute of Technology has connections with the high tech industry in the city. A science park , Ideon Science Park ,

2077-700: The city of Lund in Sweden, the Forest of the Londe in Normandy , or the many English placenames containing "lound", "lownde", or "lund" in their name, or ending in "-land". This interesting theory, however, fails to explain why the "d" of lund is missing in Lulliacum or Lugniacum . Concerning the discrepancy in names over the centuries, the most probable explanation is that the original name Lulliacum or Lugniacum

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2144-488: The city park. It has hosted concerts by both well-known and emerging bands. The pop singer and television presenter Måns Zelmerlöw was born and grew up in Lund. Artists associated with Lund include DJ and record producer Axwell , rock musician Kal P. Dal , rapper Timbuktu , indie pop group The Radio Dept. , and singer and songwriter Amanda Jenssen . The music venue Olympen , hosted many famous artists from 1971 to 2009. Lund's handball team, LUGI HF plays in both

2211-436: The city, north of the Bois de Boulogne , the area is composed of mostly select residential neighbourhoods, as well as many corporate headquarters and a handful of foreign embassies. One of the most affluent areas of France, it is the wealthiest and most expensive suburb of Paris. Together with the 16th and 7th arrondissement of Paris , the town of Neuilly-sur-Seine forms the most affluent and prestigious residential area in

2278-601: The commune of Neuilly-sur-Seine proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Neuilly-sur-Seine ceded part of its territory to the new commune of Levallois-Perret in 1866. It was the site of the Château de Neuilly , an important royal residence during the July Monarchy . Neuilly-sur-Seine is served by three stations on Paris Métro Line 1 : Porte Maillot (with a direct access to RER line C), Les Sablons and Pont de Neuilly . RATP Bus service includes

2345-477: The evenings. The carnival revues and other stage entertainments have launched a number of well-known entertainers and actors over the years. Lund has long been a regional centre for classical and church music. In particular, Lund is renowned for its vibrant amateur choir scene, with choirs such as Carolinae damkör, Domkyrkokören, Katedralkören, Lunds akademiska kör, Lund Chamber Choir (Swedish: Lunds Kammarkör ), Lunds Studentsångförening , Lunds vokalensemble, and

2412-521: The fall of the Roman Empire and the Germanic invasions that the area of Neuilly was deforested and settled. Thus, they think that the name Lulliacum or Lugniacum comes from the ancient Germanic word lund meaning "forest", akin to Old Norse lundr meaning "grove", to which the placename suffix "-acum" was added. The Old Norse word lundr has indeed left many placenames across Europe, such as

2479-465: The former buildings of Lund Observatory . It also has a menagerie that houses different varieties of birds. Other significant areas of greenery in the city include the Botanical Garden (Botaniska trädgården) and Sankt Hans Hill in the north of the city. The nature preserve Rinnebäck Gorge (Rinnebäcksravinen), The Källby dams (Källby dammar) and the community park Folkparken are located in

2546-423: The highest point of a large plain. The organisation of the Danish church begun under the rule of Canute the Great . Lund became the see of one of seven dioceses in 1048. In 1104 it became an archbishopric. Lund's ecclesiastical province comprised Scandinavia and even Garðar on Greenland. The diocese of nearby Dalby was absorbed in 1066. Lund Cathedral was similarly founded in or shortly after 1103. In 1152,

2613-427: The key companies in the development of the artificial kidney , was founded in Lund in 1964 and retains a significant presence in the city. Alfa Laval , the international manufacturer of heat exchangers and separators, have a factory in Lund, and Tetra Pak have their headquarters and part of production in town. Network video camera maker Axis Communications was founded in Lund in 1984 and maintains its headquarters in

2680-641: The lines 43, 73, 82, 93, 157, 158, 163, 164, 174 [1] Night Bus lines include N11 and N24. Located near France's main business district La Défense , Neuilly-sur-Seine also hosts several corporate headquarters: Bureau Veritas , Chanel , Marathon Media , JCDecaux , Thales Group , M6 Group , Sephora , PricewaterhouseCoopers France, Parfums Christian Dior (in 2019), Orangina France, Grant Thornton International France. Public schools in Neuilly: Domestic private schools: International private schools: Post-secondary: Neuilly-sur-Seine

2747-477: The literary world lived and worked in Lund, often in association with the university and theatre. Prominent examples include Esias Tegnér, writer, poet and bishop, and August Strindberg , playwright, novelist and poet. A longer list is given below with other notable natives. The Lund novel is a genre in its own right, a bildungsroman in which a young student experiences life in Lund, Copenhagen and sometimes Österlen whilst maturing as an individual. The Lund novel

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2814-475: The many settlements of France called Neuilly (a frequent place name whose etymology is completely different from the special case of Neuilly-sur-Seine). Until the French Revolution , the settlement was often referred to as Port-Neuilly , but at the creation of French communes in 1790 the "Port" was dropped and the newly born commune was named simply Neuilly . On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris

2881-590: The mayor and chairman of the executive committee ( kommunstyrelsens ordförande ) has been Philip Sandberg of the Liberals . The university dominates much of the centre of Lund. It was founded in 1666 following the transfer of Scania to Sweden under the Treaty of Roskilde and is the second-oldest university in Sweden after Uppsala University . Its traditional centre is in Lundagård park but stretches out towards

2948-476: The men's and women's top leagues. Lund hosted matches from the 2011 Handball World Championship in the Sparbanken Skåne Arena. Lund has a chess team, Lunds ASK , that for decades has been among the top teams in Sweden. Lund has two Division 1 football clubs, Torns IF and Lunds BK . It is also the birthplace of the online football manager game Hattrick . Lugi Rugbyklubb , based in Lund,

3015-589: The mid-nineteenth century: traditional accounts say it originated at a wedding in 1849 (the four-year intervals place the party in 2002, 2006, 2010, etc.). Arranged by the students of the university, from the 1950s onwards the event has grown in size and intensity (with some 5,500 volunteers 2010), but it remains an amateur event. Midway between a music and stage fair, a city festival, and an outpouring of satire, parody and general madness. Some students dress up in costumes, often relating to and poking fun at current issues, and parade in wagons. Others perform humorous skits in

3082-417: The most right-wing towns in France; regularly voting for the candidate of the traditional right in landslide margins. Former president Nicolas Sarkozy was mayor of Neuilly from 1983 to 2007. Amidst a poor national showing of 20%, Neuilly gave right-wing candidate François Fillon 65% of its vote in the first round of the 2017 presidential election . The population data in the table and graph below refer to

3149-449: The motorway network since 1953 when the E22 was opened between Lund and Malmö. The E22 was the first motorway in Sweden, and was originally built around the edge of the town; however following the expansion of the suburbs out to the east in the latter half of the 20th century it now passes through the city. The E22 forms the main north-south trunk route through Lund. The largest east-west road

3216-495: The name was recorded as Nully . In a document dated 1376, the name was again recorded as Nulliacum (the Medieval Latin version of Nully ). Then in the following centuries the name recorded alternated between Luny and Nully , and it is only after 1648 that the name was definitely set as Nully . Various explanations and etymologies have been proposed to explain these discrepancies in the names of Neuilly recorded over

3283-506: The north east of the city where the large engineering faculty is located. Today, Lund University is one of northern Europe's largest, with eight faculties, 41,000 students and over 2,000 separate courses. It is and has consistently ranked in the world top 100 universities and is a member of the League of European Research Universities as well as the global Universitas 21 network. Katedralskolan (Lund Cathedral School) founded in 1085,

3350-482: The park are home to a large colony of rooks . The much larger main city park (Stadsparken) is located in the south-west corner of the city center. The site was used for the Lund Exhibition in 1907 and subsequently developed into a public park between 1909 and 1911. The park contains planted gardens, a small lake, a children's playground and bandstands , as well as the public swimming center Högevallsbadet and

3417-426: The relocation of settlers at Uppåkra . The Uppåkra settlement dates back to the first century B.C. and its remains are at the present site of the village of Uppåkra. King Sweyn I Forkbeard moved Lund to its present location, a distance of some five kilometres (3.1 miles). The new location of Lund, on a hill and across a ford , gave the new site considerable defensive advantages in comparison with Uppåkra, situated on

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3484-545: The south-facing slope of the Romeleåsen horst leads to the city rising from the low-lying Höje River in the south to 86 metres (282 feet) above mean sea level in the north. From the top of the Sankt Hans Hill it is possible to see Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. The nearest large Swedish city, Malmö , is about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) to the south-west. Other Swedish cities are more distant: Gothenburg

3551-443: The summer. Winters are quite chilly, with temperatures steady between −1 and 3 °C (30 and 37 °F). Lund has arguably the mildest climate of the country in average highs. In terms of yearly means and average lows Falsterbo is marginally milder. Rainfall is light to moderate throughout the year with an average of 169 wet days. Snowfall occurs sparingly, mainly from December to March, but snow cover does not typically remain for

3618-411: The surrounding countryside. It reached its current form in 1974 following the absorption of a number of nearby municipalities. In 2014 the city itself was officially divided into 14 administrative divisions. The municipality is governed by a municipal assembly ( kommunfullmäktige ) of 65 members, who elect a municipal executive committee ( kommunstyrelse ) of 13 members. Since October 2018

3685-442: The town, including a multi-storey facility at the railway station, over 260 km (162 mi) of cyclepaths and cycle lanes, and 43% of journeys within the city take place by bicycle. There has been no increase in car usage for the past 10 years. Since 2019, the bus network in Lund has been licensed to the company Vy Buss , overseen by Skånetrafiken. They operate green-coloured buses which are electric. The busses run on

3752-456: The traditional placename suffix "-acum". Other researchers, however, object that it is unlikely that Neuilly owes its name to a Gallo-Roman patronym , because during the Roman occupation of Gaul the area of Neuilly was inside the large Forest of Rouvray , of which the Bois de Boulogne is all that remains today, and was probably not a settlement. These researchers contend that it is only after

3819-631: The tram line is slated to thrown open to the public on December 13, 2020. The 15-minute tram ride connects Lund Central Station with the hospital , Lund University (LTH), Ideon Science Park , the new upcoming district of Brunnshög, the MAX IV synchrotron light source, and, the European Spallation Source . Long-term plans to extend this network to the suburban towns of Bjärred (via Öresundsvägen), Dalby, Staffanstorp and Södra Sandby have been shelved. Lund has been connected to

3886-540: The university. The Lund University Historical Museum is based in the Lundagård park. Its exhibitions were updated in 2018 and cover the history, archeology and zoology of Scania. There is a separate Lund Cathedral museum. The Museum of Sketches for Public Art is a unique museum that documents the development of public artworks. The Vattenhallen Science Center, connected to the university's engineering faculty, has an interactive presentation of science and research. The Lund carnival has been held every four years since

3953-501: The western part of the city. The nature preserve Nöbbelövs Marshland (Nöbbelövs mosse) is located in the northwest of the city. Popular places for swimming close to the city are the beaches in neighboring Lomma , Bjärred and Malmö and lakes such as the nature preserve Billebjer and the Dalby quarry (Dalby stenbrott) in the eastern countryside of the city. Lund, like the rest of far southern Sweden, has an oceanic climate . The climate

4020-417: The whole of France. As of 2020 , it is the commune with the fourth highest median per capita income (€52,570 per year) in France. Originally, Pont de Neuilly was a small hamlet under the jurisdiction of Villiers, a larger settlement mentioned in medieval sources as early as 832 and now absorbed by the commune of Levallois-Perret . It was not until 1222 that the little settlement of Neuilly, established on

4087-519: Was again confirmed in following peace treaties. Lund University , established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia 's oldest and largest institutions for education and research. The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry. Lund is sometimes mentioned as the oldest town or city in present-day Sweden, although it has only been formally established as such for 300 years of its at least thousand-year history. It

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4154-421: Was enlarged by annexing neighbouring communes. On that occasion, a part of the territory of Neuilly-sur-Seine was annexed by the city of Paris, and forms now the neighbourhood of Ternes , in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. On 11 January 1867, part of the territory of Neuilly-sur-Seine was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Clichy to create the commune of Levallois-Perret . On 4 June 1878,

4221-501: Was established in 1666. In 1943, during the Second World War, Lund was accidentally bombed by a British aircraft. No deaths were reported, though some people were injured by glass fragments. Over the second half of the 20th century the population of Lund more than doubled, driven in large part by the growth of the university and high tech industries. For example, Tetra Pak , the food packaging and processing company,

4288-605: Was fought just north of the city in 1676, and ended in a decisive Swedish victory; Swedish control of Scania was confirmed in the Peace of Lund later that year. Sweden's control over Scania, and hence Lund, was again confirmed by another treaty in 1720. Scandinavia's first University, the Academy of Lund was founded in the 1400s. It was suppressed during the Danish Reformation in 1537. The present Lund University

4355-446: Was founded in 1983 as a collaboration between Lund University, Lund Municipality and Wihlborgs Fastigheter AB. As of 2016 it hosts about 350 companies, employing 2,700 people. Many of these are high tech companies that have ties to the university. The 2010s have seen the development of two major research facilities in Lund, both in collaboration with the university. MAX IV is the world's most brilliant synchrotron light source and

4422-406: Was founded in Lund in 1952. Suburbs were added to the outer edges of the city: Klostergården, Norra Fäladen and Linero in the 1960s, Norra Nöbbelöv in the 1970s, Gunnesbo in the 1980s and Värpinge in the 1990s. Lund is located in Sweden's largest agricultural district, in the south-west of Scania, less than ten kilometres (6.2 miles) from the sandy shore of the Öresund Strait. Its location on

4489-410: Was later corrupted into Nulliacum / Nully by inversion of the consonants, perhaps under the influence of an old Celtic word meaning "swampy land, boggy land" (as was the land around Neuilly-sur-Seine in ancient times) which is found in the name of many French places anciently covered with water, such as Noue, Noë, Nouan, Nohant, etc. Or perhaps the consonants were simply inverted under the influence of

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