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145-757: The Hungarian Grand Prix ( Hungarian : Magyar Nagydíj , pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈnɒɟdiːj] ) is a motor racing event held annually in Mogyoród at the Hungaroring . Since 1986, the race has been a round of the FIA Formula One World Championship. The first Hungarian Grand Prix was held on 21 June 1936 over a 5-kilometre (3.1-mile) track laid out in Népliget , a park in Budapest . The Mercedes-Benz , Auto Union , and

290-615: A Turkic language continued to be a matter of impassioned political controversy throughout the 18th and into the 19th centuries. During the latter half of the 19th century, a competing hypothesis proposed a Turkic affinity of Hungarian, or, alternatively, that both the Uralic and the Turkic families formed part of a superfamily of Ural–Altaic languages . Following an academic debate known as Az ugor-török háború ("the Ugric-Turkic war"),

435-417: A circumfix , to change a word's meaning and its grammatical function. Hungarian uses vowel harmony to attach suffixes to words. That means that most suffixes have two or three different forms, and the choice between them depends on the vowels of the head word. There are some minor and unpredictable exceptions to the rule. Nouns have 18 cases , which are formed regularly with suffixes. The nominative case

580-454: A chance visit to a karting event that he had seen advertised at his local supermarket while shopping with his grandfather. His racing hero while growing up was compatriot Mika Häkkinen . Bottas finished eighth in the 2005 Karting World Cup for the P.D.B. Racing Team, using a Gillard chassis and Parilla engines. Bottas won both the 2008 Formula Renault Eurocup and the 2008 Formula Renault Northern European Cup . In doing so, he repeated

725-476: A cost of €40,000" each. Due to the nature of the track, narrow, twisty and often dusty because of under-use, the Hungarian Grand Prix is associated with processional races, with sometimes many cars following one another, unable to pass. Thierry Boutsen demonstrated this in 1990, keeping his slower Williams car in front of championship leader Ayrton Senna , unable to find a way by. Pit strategy

870-680: A driver than his final years at Mercedes." Bottas continued driving for Alfa Romeo with Zhou for 2023 . He started the season by qualifying 12th and finishing eighth at the Bahrain Grand Prix . Damage from debris produced an 18th-place finish at the Saudi Arabian Grand Prix . He started from the pit lane and benefited from eight drivers' retirements at the Australian Grand Prix , but scored no points in 11th place. After another 18th-place finish at

1015-541: A fourth-place finish at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix after starting from the back of the grid. Bottas finished the season in second place in the World Drivers' Championship with 326 points to Hamilton's 413. He recorded four wins, fifteen podium finishes, five pole positions and three fastest laps, making 2019 his most successful year at Mercedes. He was rated the fourth-best driver of the season in

1160-470: A gearbox penalty, but recovered to score points in eighth place. He qualified third, ahead of Hamilton, at the Bahrain Grand Prix . He overtook Räikkönen at the start and finished less than a second behind race winner Vettel. He again qualified third ahead of Hamilton at the Chinese Grand Prix and overtook both Ferraris to lead the race, but was ultimately passed by Daniel Ricciardo, who used

1305-707: A high proportion of words specific to agriculture and livestock are of Chuvash origin. A strong Chuvash influence was also apparent in Hungarian burial customs. The first written accounts of Hungarian date to the 10th century, such as mostly Hungarian personal names and place names in De Administrando Imperio , written in Greek by Eastern Roman Emperor Constantine VII . No significant texts written in Old Hungarian script have survived, because

1450-547: A lap behind race-winner Hamilton in 14th place. This gave Hamilton an unassailable 110-point lead over Bottas in the Drivers' Championship, securing Hamilton his seventh world title. At the Bahrain Grand Prix , Bottas qualified second before suffering a puncture during an early safety car period, resulting in an eighth-place finish. He was joined by George Russell at Mercedes for the Sakhir Grand Prix as Hamilton

1595-399: A millennium. These include tehén 'cow' (cf. Avestan daénu ); tíz 'ten' (cf. Avestan dasa ); tej 'milk' (cf. Persian dáje 'wet nurse'); and nád 'reed' (from late Middle Iranian ; cf. Middle Persian nāy and Modern Persian ney ). Archaeological evidence from present-day southern Bashkortostan confirms the existence of Hungarian settlements between

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1740-812: A million additional people scattered in other parts of the world. For example, there are more than one hundred thousand Hungarian speakers in the Hungarian American community and 1.5 million with Hungarian ancestry in the United States . Hungarian is the official language of Hungary, and thus an official language of the European Union. Hungarian is also one of the official languages of Serbian province of Vojvodina and an official language of three municipalities in Slovenia : Hodoš , Dobrovnik and Lendava , along with Slovene . Hungarian

1885-605: A podium at the Dutch Grand Prix , and followed this by setting the fastest qualifying time and winning the sprint qualifying session at the Italian Grand Prix . Power unit component changes meant he started the race from the back of the grid, but he recovered to fourth place and was promoted to the podium after Pérez received a penalty. Bottas qualified seventh at the Russian Grand Prix but

2030-478: A poll of the Formula One team principals. On his season, Bottas commented "I've not been able to be at my very, very best every single race, but much more often than ever before", and praised Hamilton's consistency. Bottas continued driving at Mercedes alongside Hamilton for 2020 , having agreed to a one-year extension to his contract during the 2019 season. He set the fastest time in pre-season testing at

2175-606: A poor start to finish fifth. He scored points at the following three races including fourth-place finishes at the Bahrain and Spanish Grands Prix, but failed to score at the Monaco Grand Prix after qualifying 17th. His first of two podiums in 2015 came at the Canadian Grand Prix , where he qualified fourth and benefited from a spin for Kimi Räikkönen to finish third. He qualified fourth behind Massa at

2320-406: A process of nyelvújítás ( language revitalization ). Some words were shortened ( győzedelem > győzelem , 'victory' or 'triumph'); a number of dialectal words spread nationally ( e.g. , cselleng 'dawdle'); extinct words were reintroduced ( dísz , 'décor'); a wide range of expressions were coined using the various derivative suffixes; and some other, less frequently used methods of expanding

2465-458: A race, Bottas set two pole positions on his way to third in the championship, edging out future BMW i Andretti Motorsport driver Alexander Sims at the final race. In June 2009, Bottas won the 2009 Masters of Formula 3 , also claiming the pole position and setting the fastest lap of the race. By winning the event again in 2010 , he became the first driver to win the F3 Masters title for

2610-621: A safety car period to pit for fresh tyres. He was leading the Azerbaijan Grand Prix with two laps remaining but ran over a piece of debris, causing a puncture and forcing him into retirement. Further podiums came with second-place finishes at the Spanish and Canadian Grands Prix. Bottas qualified second at the French Grand Prix but was hit by Vettel at the start, requiring him to pit for repairs and resulting in

2755-568: A seventh-place finish. Vettel accepted responsibility for the collision, and Bottas remarked that the race "sums up my season so far". He took his first pole position of the year at the Austrian Grand Prix but lost the lead to Hamilton on the first lap and then retired with a gearbox failure. He challenged Hamilton for the lead at the German Grand Prix but was ordered by Mercedes to "hold position" and finish second. He

2900-1069: A similarly dramatic way over these three centuries. After the arrival of the Hungarians in the Carpathian Basin , the language came into contact with a variety of speech communities , among them Slavic , Turkic , and German . Turkic loans from this period come mainly from the Pechenegs and Cumanians , who settled in Hungary during the 12th and 13th centuries: e.g. koboz " cobza " (cf. Turkish kopuz 'lute'); komondor "mop dog" (< * kumandur < Cuman ). Hungarian borrowed 20% of words from neighbouring Slavic languages : e.g. tégla 'brick'; mák 'poppy seed'; szerda 'Wednesday'; csütörtök 'Thursday'...; karácsony 'Christmas'. These languages in turn borrowed words from Hungarian: e.g. Serbo-Croatian ašov from Hungarian ásó 'spade'. About 1.6 percent of

3045-471: A slower runner. The circuit was modified slightly in 2003 in an attempt to allow more passing. Other notable occasions in Budapest include first Grand Prix wins for Damon Hill (in 1993), Fernando Alonso (in 2003, the first Grand Prix winner from Spain , and the youngest ever Grand Prix winner at the time), Jenson Button (in an incident-packed race in 2006), Heikki Kovalainen (in 2008, who also became

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3190-603: A small cleaning company, and his mother is an undertaker . Bottas studied automotive engineering in a vocational school in Heinola and graduated as an auto mechanic . He completed mandatory military service in the Finnish Defence Forces Sports School  [ fi ] in Lahti . His military rank is lance corporal . Bottas's interest in motorsport was sparked at the age of six by

3335-592: A target of a top-five finish at the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix , a result he achieved after qualifying eighth and gaining positions in the sprint and race to finish fifth despite a slow pit stop. At the Miami Grand Prix , Bottas qualified fifth despite almost no running in practice due to a crash. He held the position ahead of both Mercedes drivers until lap 50, when a mistake from Bottas allowed them to overtake. He qualified seventh at

3480-402: A win since Michael Schumacher in 2012, and set a record for the most second-place finishes (seven) in a season without a win. He finished fifth overall in the World Drivers' Championship with 247 points, whilst teammate Hamilton won his fifth world title with 408 points. He described 2018 as his worst season in Formula One, and later revealed that he almost retired from the sport at the end of

3625-400: Is subject–verb–object (SVO). However, Hungarian is a topic-prominent language , and so has a word order that depends not only on syntax but also on the topic–comment structure of the sentence (for example, what aspect is assumed to be known and what is emphasized). A Hungarian sentence generally has the following order: topic, comment (or focus), verb and the rest. The topic shows that

3770-673: Is a Finnish racing driver , currently competing in Formula One for Sauber . Bottas twice finished runner-up in the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in 2019 and 2020 with Mercedes , and has won 10 Grands Prix across 12 seasons. Born and raised in Nastola , Bottas began kart racing aged six. After studying automotive engineering and completing mandatory military service , Bottas progressed to junior formulae in 2007. He won his first championship at

3915-589: Is always on the first syllable of a word, as in Finnish and the neighbouring Slovak and Czech . There is a secondary stress on other syllables in compounds: viszontlátásra ("goodbye") is pronounced /ˈvisontˌlaːtaːʃrɒ/ . Elongated vowels in non-initial syllables may seem to be stressed to an English-speaker, as length and stress correlate in English. Hungarian is an agglutinative language . It uses various affixes , mainly suffixes but also some prefixes and

4060-549: Is expressed by a possessive suffix on the possessed object, rather than the possessor as in English (Peter's apple becomes Péter almája , literally 'Peter apple-his'). Noun plurals are formed with –k ( az almák 'the apples'), but after a numeral, the singular is used ( két alma 'two apples', literally 'two apple'; not *két almák ). Unlike English, Hungarian uses case suffixes and nearly always postpositions instead of prepositions. There are two types of articles in Hungarian, definite and indefinite, which roughly correspond to

4205-442: Is marked with boldface. Hungarian has a four-tiered system for expressing levels of politeness. From highest to lowest: The four-tiered system has somewhat been eroded due to the recent expansion of " tegeződés " and " önözés ". Some anomalies emerged with the arrival of multinational companies who have addressed their customers in the te (least polite) form right from the beginning of their presence in Hungary. A typical example

4350-623: Is officially recognized as a minority or regional language in Austria , Croatia , Romania , Zakarpattia in Ukraine , and Slovakia . In Romania it is a recognized minority language used at local level in communes, towns and municipalities with an ethnic Hungarian population of over 20%. The dialects of Hungarian identified by Ethnologue are: Alföld, West Danube, Danube-Tisza, King's Pass Hungarian, Northeast Hungarian, Northwest Hungarian, Székely and West Hungarian. These dialects are, for

4495-457: Is often crucial; in 1998, Michael Schumacher 's Ferrari team changed his strategy mid-race before Schumacher built up a winning margin after all the stops had been made. Passing is a rarity here, although the 1989 race saw a bullish performance from Nigel Mansell in the Ferrari, who started from 12th on the grid and passed car after car, finally taking the lead when Ayrton Senna was baulked by

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4640-399: Is sometimes described as having free word order, different word orders are generally not interchangeable, and the neutral order is not always correct to use. The intonation is also different with different topic-comment structures. The topic usually has a rising intonation, the focus having a falling intonation. In the following examples, the topic is marked with italics, and the focus (comment)

4785-482: Is the Funeral Sermon and Prayer , which dates to the 1190s. Although the orthography of these early texts differed considerably from that used today, contemporary Hungarians can still understand a great deal of the reconstructed spoken language, despite changes in grammar and vocabulary. A more extensive body of Hungarian literature arose after 1300. The earliest known example of Hungarian religious poetry

4930-700: Is the 14th-century Lamentations of Mary . The first Bible translation was the Hussite Bible in the 1430s. The standard language lost its diphthongs , and several postpositions transformed into suffixes , including reá "onto" (the phrase utu rea "onto the way" found in the 1055 text would later become út ra ). There were also changes in the system of vowel harmony . At one time, Hungarian used six verb tenses , while today only two or three are used. In 1533, Kraków printer Benedek Komjáti published Letters of St. Paul in Hungarian (modern orthography: A Szent Pál levelei magyar nyelven ),

5075-532: Is the Swedish furniture shop IKEA , whose web site and other publications address the customers in te form. When a news site asked IKEA—using the te form—why they address their customers this way, IKEA's PR Manager explained in his answer—using the ön form—that their way of communication reflects IKEA's open-mindedness and the Swedish culture. However IKEA in France uses the polite ( vous ) form. Another example

5220-485: Is the communication of Yettel Hungary (earlier Telenor, a mobile network operator) towards its customers. Yettel chose to communicate towards business customers in the polite ön form while all other customers are addressed in the less polite te form. During the first early phase of Hungarian language reforms (late 18th and early 19th centuries) more than ten thousand words were coined, several thousand of which are still actively used today (see also Ferenc Kazinczy ,

5365-407: Is unmarked ( az alma 'the apple') and, for example, the accusative is marked with the suffix –t ( az almát '[I eat] the apple'). Half of the cases express a combination of the source-location-target and surface-inside-proximity ternary distinctions (three times three cases); there is a separate case ending – ból / –ből meaning a combination of source and insideness: 'from inside of'. Possession

5510-479: The 2015 season. Bottas qualified sixth at the season-opening Australian Grand Prix , but suffered a back injury and was taken to The Alfred Hospital for precautionary checks. Scans found that he had "suffered a very small tear in the annular part of a disc in his lower back" and was deemed unfit to race. He returned to racing at the Malaysian Grand Prix where he started ninth and recovered from

5655-461: The 2024 Las Vegas Grand Prix , Bottas has achieved 10 race wins, 20 pole positions, 19 fastest laps and 67 podiums in Formula One. He holds the Formula One record for the most career points without a World Championship ( 1,797 ). Bottas is set to remain at Sauber until the end of the 2024 season, when his contract expires. Valtteri Viktor Bottas was born on 28 August 1989 in Nastola , Finland, to Rauno Bottas and Marianne Välimaa. His father owns

5800-450: The Australian Grand Prix . He improved from 18th on the grid to 11th at the finish at the Malaysian Grand Prix , 1.5 seconds behind a points-paying position. He qualified third at the Canadian Grand Prix behind Sebastian Vettel and Lewis Hamilton , the first time a Williams car had qualified in the top ten that year. He was unable to hold the position in the race and dropped to 14th at the finish line. He later stated that "the car pace

5945-474: The Australian Grand Prix . In 2014 , he finished fourth in the championship, taking his maiden career podium at the Austrian Grand Prix . Across four seasons at Williams, Bottas finished on the podium nine times. Bottas signed for Mercedes in 2017 , replacing the retiring Nico Rosberg to partner Lewis Hamilton . He took his maiden pole position in Bahrain and his maiden win in Russia , finishing third in

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6090-489: The Austrian Grand Prix , ahead of Hamilton for the first time since Azerbaijan, but failed to convert pole position into victory at the British Grand Prix after Hamilton took advantage of a safety car to jump ahead of Bottas in the pit stop phase. He crashed out from fourth place in the closing laps of the German Grand Prix , and front-wing damage from contact with Leclerc resulted in an eighth-place finish at

6235-508: The Azerbaijan Grand Prix , Bottas commented that the C43 had improved handling compared to the C42, "but it's lacking that pure performance compared to the others". He reached Q3 at the Miami Grand Prix for the first time that year but finished outside the points. His first points since Bahrain came at the eighth round, the Canadian Grand Prix ; he started 14th, finished 11th and was promoted into

6380-470: The Belgian Grand Prix due to a power unit components penalty but recovered to fourth place in the race. Bottas was promoted to the podium at the Italian Grand Prix after Max Verstappen received a penalty for colliding with him. He claimed pole position at the Russian Grand Prix but was ordered by Mercedes to concede his position to Hamilton during the race. Hamilton later indicated that he

6525-544: The Brazilian Grand Prix but two slow pit stops relegated him to tenth place. He finished third behind Massa at the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix , Williams's first double-podium since the 2005 Monaco Grand Prix . The 2014 season ended with Bottas fourth in the World Drivers' Championship, ahead of world champions Sebastian Vettel and Fernando Alonso . He claimed six podium finishes and scored 186 points to Massa's 134, securing Williams third place in

6670-509: The British Grand Prix and the two drivers progressed to first and second place in the opening laps. Bottas later commented that he "would have been able to pull a gap" had Massa conceded his position, but the two ultimately dropped back to fourth and fifth by the end. Despite this, the result promoted Bottas to fourth place in the World Drivers' Championship. Bottas qualified sixth at the Hungarian Grand Prix but fell outside

6815-541: The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya . Bottas took pole position at the season-opening Austrian Grand Prix and led the race from start to finish. Before the Styrian Grand Prix , it was revealed that Bottas was under FIA investigation for potentially breaching COVID-19 safety protocols after he returned home to Monaco , but was eventually cleared of wrongdoing. Bottas qualified fourth in wet conditions for

6960-628: The Formula 3 Euro Series . Team principal Frank Williams praised Bottas's record in the junior categories and expressed his hope that the role would "provide him with another step in his development". He conducted straight-line aerodynamic testing in the team's FW32 during the year. He continued in the role for 2011 and took part in his first full test in November, driving the FW33 in the post-season young drivers' test at Yas Marina Circuit . His role

7105-663: The Formula Renault NEC in 2008 , also winning the Formula Renault Eurocup by three points to Daniel Ricciardo , both with Motopark . He then won the Masters of Formula 3 back-to-back in 2009 and 2010 with ART , before winning the GP3 Series in 2011 . After two years as a test driver, Bottas signed for Williams in 2013 to partner Pastor Maldonado , making his Formula One debut at

7250-411: The French Grand Prix eight times). The following year proved to be a memorable Hungarian Grand Prix; Mercedes' Valtteri Bottas was involved in a first-lap incident under wet conditions that took out multiple cars, including Max Verstappen , Lando Norris , Lance Stroll , and Sergio Pérez , along with Charles Leclerc and Daniel Ricciardo ; Ricciardo and Verstappen managed to finish the race while

7395-413: The German Grand Prix despite a late challenge from Lewis Hamilton, his third consecutive podium. He was in second place on the opening lap of the Hungarian Grand Prix , but lost positions due to unfortunate safety car timing and a slow pit stop. This was followed by another podium at the Belgian Grand Prix after passing Kimi Räikkönen for third place in the closing laps. Bottas qualified third at

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7540-550: The Hungarian Grand Prix to allow Hamilton to attack the Ferraris ahead, but an ultimately-unsuccessful Hamilton later returned the position to Bottas on the final lap. After the summer break, Bottas started third but finished fifth at the Belgian Grand Prix as he was overtaken by both Daniel Ricciardo and Räikkönen. He started fourth at the Italian Grand Prix , qualifying more than two seconds slower than pole-sitter Hamilton. He recovered to finish second. He qualified sixth at

7685-655: The Hungarian Grand Prix whilst Hamilton claimed victory, leaving Bottas 62 points behind in the championship ahead of the summer break. Further podiums came at the Belgian , Italian (where he finished less than a second behind winner Leclerc) and Russian Grands Prix before he claimed his sixth Formula One victory at the Japanese Grand Prix , having started the race behind both Ferraris. This result helped Mercedes clinch their sixth consecutive World Constructors' Championship. He crashed heavily in qualifying at

7830-486: The Hungarian Grand Prix , with Zhou and Bottas fifth and seventh respectively, but neither driver went on to score points after slow starts. Bottas's third points finish of the season came at round 14, the Italian Grand Prix , where he improved from 14th on the grid to 10th at the finish. Two consecutive retirements followed, from technical issues at the Singapore Grand Prix and from collision damage at

7975-427: The Italian Grand Prix . Wheelspin dropped him to 11th at the start, but he recovered to fourth place at the finish. Tyre wear dropped him outside the points positions at the Singapore Grand Prix , the only time in 2014 he would finish a race outside the top ten. Another podium came at the Russian Grand Prix where Bottas started and finished third, as well as setting the race's fastest lap . He qualified fourth at

8120-486: The Japanese Grand Prix . His fourth and final points finish of 2023 came at the following Qatar Grand Prix ; he qualified ninth and finished eighth, later remarking that the team "finally understand[s]" the car's upgrades. He reached Q3 again at the Mexico City Grand Prix but finished outside the points after colliding with Lance Stroll. Both Alfa Romeo drivers then retired from reliability issues at

8265-544: The Mexican Grand Prix and started sixth, but recovered to third place in the race. He claimed victory from pole at the United States Grand Prix , however this was insufficient to prevent race runner-up Hamilton from mathematically securing the championship with two races remaining. Bottas retired from fifth place with an engine failure at the Brazilian Grand Prix and ended the season with

8410-627: The Monaco Grand Prix . At the Austrian Grand Prix , Bottas qualified second behind teammate Massa, his then-best grid position in Formula One and Williams's first front-row lockout since the 2003 German Grand Prix . Both drivers were passed by the Mercedes cars during the race, but Bottas held on to third place to achieve his first podium in the sport. Despite starting 14th at the British Grand Prix , Bottas made overtakes and benefited from Nico Rosberg 's retirement to take another podium finish in second place. He then qualified and finished second at

8555-684: The Romanian lexicon is of Hungarian origin. In the 21st century, studies support an origin of the Uralic languages, including early Hungarian, in eastern or central Siberia , somewhere between the Ob and Yenisei rivers or near the Sayan mountains in the Russian – Mongolian border region. A 2019 study based on genetics, archaeology and linguistics, found that early Uralic speakers arrived in Europe from

8700-577: The Russian Grand Prix , but benefited from penalties issued to Hamilton to claim the ninth Grand Prix victory of his career. Bottas took pole position for the Eifel Grand Prix but was overtaken by Hamilton after a mistake on lap 13. He later retired from third place with power loss, extending Hamilton's championship lead to 69 points. Bottas finished second at both the Portuguese and Emilia Romagna Grands Prix. He claimed pole position at

8845-521: The Singapore Grand Prix and gained from strategy and the four-car collision on the first lap to finish third. He finished off the podium for the next three races while Hamilton claimed two wins and a second place, but his performances helped Mercedes clinch their fourth consecutive Constructors' Championship at the United States Grand Prix . He returned to the podium at the Mexican Grand Prix , starting fourth but benefiting from contact between Vettel and Hamilton to finish second. His third pole position of

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8990-572: The Spanish Grand Prix and ran as high as fourth in the race, but dropped to sixth as his tyres degraded. Bottas qualified 12th and improved to ninth in changing conditions at the Monaco Grand Prix , but finished outside the points for the first time in 2022 at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix . He was eliminated in Q2 at the Canadian Grand Prix but benefited from a late-race safety car and a penalty for Fernando Alonso to be classified seventh at

9135-451: The Spanish Grand Prix , but later retired from third place with an engine failure. He benefited from damage to Vettel's car to finish second behind Hamilton at the Canadian Grand Prix and followed this with a recovery drive at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix ; a first-lap collision with Räikkönen had put him a lap behind but the red-flag period and multiple safety cars allowed him to catch up and pass Lance Stroll for second place metres before

9280-606: The São Paulo Grand Prix and benefited from Hamilton's disqualification and an overtake on Verstappen to win the sprint qualifying session, but ultimately dropped behind both drivers in the race. He received a grid penalty at the Qatar Grand Prix for a yellow-flag infringement and ultimately retired from the race with puncture damage, but followed this with a podium finish at the inaugural Saudi Arabian Grand Prix after passing Esteban Ocon metres before

9425-421: The United States Grand Prix but retired after spinning into the gravel. He returned to the points at the Mexico City Grand Prix , starting sixth and finishing tenth, followed by a ninth-place finish at the São Paulo Grand Prix despite qualifying 18th. Bottas ended the season 10th in the World Drivers' Championship, scoring 49 points to teammate Zhou's six points and helping Alfa Romeo achieve sixth place in

9570-407: The United States Grand Prix causing him to start ninth; he gained places to finish sixth. He claimed pole position at the Mexico City Grand Prix , but a slow start and contact with Daniel Ricciardo dropped him to the back. He was later brought into the pits multiple times for soft tyres in order to deny Max Verstappen the bonus point for the fastest lap, which was successful. He qualified third at

9715-486: The United States Grand Prix , and his season ended with a suspension-related retirement at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix . Bottas finished the season eighth in the World Drivers' Championship, scoring 85 points to Massa's 53 and qualifying ahead of his teammate at seventeen of the twenty-one races. Williams finished fifth in the World Constructors' Championship, down from third in the previous two years. Bottas

9860-845: The Volga River and the Ural Mountains . The Onoğurs (and Bulgars ) later had a great influence on the language, especially between the 5th and 9th centuries. This layer of Turkic loans is large and varied (e.g. szó ' word ' , from Turkic ; and daru ' crane ' , from the related Permic languages ), and includes words borrowed from Oghur Turkic ; e.g. borjú ' calf ' (cf. Chuvash păru , părăv vs. Turkish buzağı ); dél 'noon; south' (cf. Chuvash tĕl vs. Turkish dial. düš ). Many words related to agriculture, state administration and even family relationships show evidence of such backgrounds. Hungarian syntax and grammar were not influenced in

10005-545: The 100th winner of a World Championship race), Esteban Ocon (in 2021), and Oscar Piastri (in 2024). In 1997, Damon Hill came close to winning in the technically inferior Arrows - Yamaha , but his car lost drive on the last lap causing him to coast in second place. In 2014, Lewis Hamilton finished in third, six seconds behind winner Daniel Ricciardo , despite starting the race from the pit lane. In 2001, Michael Schumacher equalled Alain Prost 's then record 51 Grand Prix wins at

10150-489: The 1670s, and the family itself was established in 1717. Hungarian has traditionally been assigned to the Ugric branch along with the Mansi and Khanty languages of western Siberia ( Khanty–Mansia region of North Asia ), but it is no longer clear that it is a valid group. When the Samoyed languages were determined to be part of the family, it was thought at first that Finnic and Ugric (the most divergent branches within Finno-Ugric) were closer to each other than to

10295-671: The 2011 Hungarian census, 9,896,333 people (99.6% of the total population) speak Hungarian, of whom 9,827,875 people (98.9%) speak it as a first language, while 68,458 people (0.7%) speak it as a second language . About 2.2 million speakers live in other areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon (1920). Of these, the largest group lives in Transylvania , the western half of present-day Romania , where there are approximately 1.25 million Hungarians . There are large Hungarian communities also in Slovakia , Serbia and Ukraine , and Hungarians can also be found in Austria , Croatia , and Slovenia , as well as about

10440-561: The Alfa Romeo-equipped Ferrari teams all sent three cars and the event drew a very large crowd. However, politics and the ensuing war meant the end of Grand Prix motor racing in the country for fifty years. A major coup by Bernie Ecclestone , the 1986 Hungarian Grand Prix was the first Formula One race to take place behind the Iron Curtain . Held at the twisty Hungaroring in Mogyoród near Budapest ,

10585-421: The Drivers' Championship. Bottas qualified second for the Spanish Grand Prix but lost positions at the start and finished third behind Verstappen, later commenting that the championship was "drifting away". He qualified and finished second at the Belgian Grand Prix , and again qualified second for the Italian Grand Prix , but dropped places in the opening laps and finished fifth. Verstappen's retirement in

10730-575: The Finno-Ugric hypothesis was concluded the sounder of the two, mainly based on work by the German linguist Josef Budenz . Hungarians did, in fact, absorb some Turkic influences during several centuries of cohabitation. The influence on Hungarians was mainly from the Turkic Oghur speakers such as Sabirs , Bulgars of Atil , Kabars and Khazars . The Oghur tribes are often connected with

10875-484: The Hungarian lexemes collected from technical texts, dialects etc. would total up to 1,000,000 words. Parts of the lexicon can be organized using word-bushes (see an example on the right). The words in these bushes share a common root, are related through inflection, derivation and compounding, and are usually broadly related in meaning. Valtteri Bottas Valtteri Viktor Bottas ( Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋɑltːeɾi ˈbotːɑs] ; born 28 August 1989)

11020-534: The Hungarian language contains 75,000 words, and the Comprehensive Dictionary of Hungarian Language (to be published in 18 volumes in the next twenty years) is planned to contain 110,000 words. The default Hungarian lexicon is usually estimated to comprise 60,000 to 100,000 words. (Independently of specific languages, speakers actively use at most 10,000 to 20,000 words, with an average intellectual using 25,000 to 30,000 words. ) However, all

11165-514: The Hungarians whose exoethnonym is usually derived from Onogurs (> (H)ungars), a Turkic tribal confederation . The similarity between customs of Hungarians and the Chuvash people , the only surviving member of the Oghur tribes, is visible. For example, the Hungarians appear to have learned animal husbandry techniques from the Oghur speaking Chuvash people (or historically Suvar people ), as

11310-495: The Hungaroring, a drive that secured his fourth Drivers' Championship, which also matched Prost's career tally. The 2006 Grand Prix was the first to be held here in wet conditions. Button took his first victory from 14th place on the grid. In 2020 , Lewis Hamilton won the Hungarian Grand Prix for an eighth time, equalling the most times a driver had won the same Grand Prix (sharing the record with Michael Schumacher who won

11455-687: The Samoyed branch of the family, but that is now frequently questioned. The name of Hungary could be a result of regular sound changes of Ungrian/Ugrian , and the fact that the Eastern Slavs referred to Hungarians as Ǫgry/Ǫgrove (sg. Ǫgrinŭ ) seemed to confirm that. Current literature favors the hypothesis that it comes from the name of the Turkic tribe Onoğur (which means ' ten arrows ' or ' ten tribes ' ). There are numerous regular sound correspondences between Hungarian and

11600-594: The Styrian Grand Prix and went on to finish second in the race behind Hamilton. Bottas qualified second behind Hamilton at the Hungarian Grand Prix , but made a false start and lost four places at the first corner. He was able to recover to third place by the end of the Grand Prix but lost the lead of the championship to race-winner Hamilton. Bottas again qualified second behind Hamilton at the British Grand Prix . He ran closely behind Hamilton for most of

11745-452: The Ugric and Finnic languages is greater, but the correspondences are also regular. The traditional view holds that the Hungarian language diverged from its Ugric relatives in the first half of the 1st millennium BC, in western Siberia east of the southern Urals . In Hungarian, Iranian loanwords date back to the time immediately following the breakup of Ugric and probably span well over

11890-409: The World Constructors' Championship (the team's best result since 2003 ), and qualified ahead of Massa at thirteen of the nineteen races. Sky Sports wrote that his performances had "impress[ed] greatly" and he was described by Motorsport.com as being "often the quickest non-Mercedes driver". In September 2014, it was announced that Bottas and Massa would retain their drives with Williams for

12035-473: The World Constructors' Championship, the Hinwil -based team's best result since also finishing sixth in 2012 . He described his season as "probably the most enjoyable so far", citing the security of his long-term contract and the more "relaxed" environment compared to that of Mercedes. RaceFans praised his 2022 performance, commenting that his first season at Alfa Romeo "had done far more for his reputation as

12180-444: The championship following further wins in Austria and Abu Dhabi . After a winless 2018 campaign, Bottas finished runner-up to Hamilton in both the 2019 and 2020 seasons. He took his final win for Mercedes at the 2021 Turkish Grand Prix , leaving at the end of the 2021 season after contributing to five consecutive World Constructors' Championships . He joined Alfa Romeo in 2022 , who re-branded to Sauber in 2024 . As of

12325-420: The contract was extended to 2032. Drivers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. Teams in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. Manufacturers in bold are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. * Between 1999 and 2005 built by Ilmor , funded by Mercedes A pink background indicates an event which

12470-517: The east, specifically from eastern Siberia. Hungarian historian and archaeologist Gyula László claims that geological data from pollen analysis seems to contradict the placing of the ancient Hungarian homeland near the Urals. Today, the consensus among linguists is that Hungarian is a member of the Uralic family of languages. The classification of Hungarian as a Uralic/Finno-Ugric rather than

12615-630: The equivalents in English. Adjectives precede nouns ( a piros alma 'the red apple') and have three degrees: positive ( piros 'red'), comparative ( pirosabb 'redder') and superlative ( a legpirosabb 'the reddest'). If the noun takes the plural or a case, an attributive adjective is invariable: a piros almák 'the red apples'. However, a predicative adjective agrees with the noun: az almák piros ak 'the apples are red'. Adjectives by themselves can behave as nouns (and so can take case suffixes): Melyik almát kéred? – A piros at . 'Which apple would you like? – The red one'. The neutral word order

12760-606: The feat of Filipe Albuquerque , who won both the NEC and Eurocup in the same season, in 2006. Bottas would have also won the 2007 Formula Renault UK Winter Series , had he been holding an MSA -registered licence for the championship. This did not stop him from competing, and he won three out of the four races in the championship. He moved up into the Formula Three Euroseries for the 2009 season , competing for reigning champions ART Grand Prix . Despite not winning

12905-421: The final lap of the race. Räikkönen received a penalty for the collision but was unapologetic, and Bottas described the incident as "disappointing". This was followed by another retirement due to a suspension failure at the United States Grand Prix . At the Mexican Grand Prix , a DRS fault caused Bottas to crash in practice. He qualified sixth and made up places to finish third, his second and final podium of

13050-455: The finish line, he exclaimed over the radio "to whom it may concern, fuck you", which he later explained was aimed at both himself and the critics of his 2018 performance. He finished second behind Hamilton at the Bahrain Grand Prix after race leader Charles Leclerc slowed with engine issues and dropped behind the Mercedes drivers. He took pole position at the Chinese Grand Prix but lost

13195-441: The finish line. He took pole and victory at the Austrian Grand Prix after holding off Vettel towards the end of the race, placing him only 15 points behind Hamilton in the championship. Having started the British Grand Prix ninth following a grid penalty for a new gearbox, he made his way into third place and was promoted to second behind Hamilton after a late-race tyre failure for Räikkönen's Ferrari. He gave up third place at

13340-631: The finish line. He ended the season by qualifying and finishing sixth at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix . Bottas ended the season third in the World Drivers' Championship with 226 points compared to 387.5 for Hamilton, helping Mercedes to achieve an eighth consecutive World Constructors' Championship. It was announced in September that 2021 would be Bottas's final year with Mercedes, the team replacing him with George Russell. He reflected on his time at Mercedes, stating "I want to be able to say that I squeezed every drop out of this opportunity and left nothing on

13485-590: The finish. A ten-race streak of failing to score points followed. Bottas retired from ninth place at the British Grand Prix with a gearbox issue, and finished 11th at the Austrian Grand Prix despite a pit-lane start. He experienced three consecutive retirements at the Hungarian , Belgian and Dutch Grands Prix, after which he identified reliability as an area of weakness for the C42 and commented that rival teams had out-developed Alfa Romeo. He started seventh at

13630-419: The first Hungarian-language book set in movable type . By the 17th century, the language already closely resembled its present-day form, although two of the past tenses remained in use. German, Italian and French loans also began to appear. Further Turkish words were borrowed during the period of Ottoman rule (1541 to 1699). In the 19th century, a group of writers, most notably Ferenc Kazinczy , spearheaded

13775-433: The following three races and achieved his best qualifying performance of the season at the Russian Grand Prix , starting third and finishing fourth. This made Bottas and Massa the only two drivers to score points in each of the first five races of the season. This streak ended at the Monaco Grand Prix , where Bottas started and finished 11th but was demoted to 12th for causing a collision with Esteban Gutiérrez . He claimed

13920-482: The language holds official status nationally in Hungary and regionally in Romania , Slovakia , Serbia , Austria and Slovenia . In 2014 The proportion of Transylvanian students studying Hungarian exceeded the proportion of Hungarian students, which shows that the effects of Romanianization are slowly getting reversed and regaining popularity. The Dictate of Trianon resulted in a high proportion of Hungarians in

14065-488: The language were utilized. This movement produced more than ten thousand words, most of which are used actively today. The 19th and 20th centuries saw further standardization of the language, and differences between mutually comprehensible dialects gradually diminished. In 1920, Hungary signed the Treaty of Trianon , losing 71 percent of its territory and one-third of the ethnic Hungarian population along with it. Today,

14210-484: The latter, but took damage from debris in the early laps and fell to third before regaining second place when Verstappen retired with a tyre failure. Both Mercedes cars struggled for pace during the wet Turkish Grand Prix qualifying session, with Bottas qualifying ninth. The rain continued during the race and Bottas spun six times after damaging his front wing due to contact with the Renault of Esteban Ocon , finishing

14355-489: The leading figure of the Hungarian language reforms.) Kazinczy's chief goal was to replace existing words of German and Latin origins with newly created Hungarian words. As a result, Kazinczy and his later followers (the reformers) significantly reduced the formerly high ratio of words of Latin and German origins in the Hungarian language, which were related to social sciences, natural sciences, politics and economics, institutional names, fashion etc. Giving an accurate estimate for

14500-448: The medium of writing used at the time, wood, is perishable. The Kingdom of Hungary was founded in 1000 by Stephen I . The country became a Western -styled Christian ( Roman Catholic ) state, with Latin script replacing Hungarian runes . The earliest remaining fragments of the language are found in the establishing charter of the abbey of Tihany from 1055, intermingled with Latin text. The first extant text fully written in Hungarian

14645-574: The most part, mutually intelligible . The Hungarian Csángó dialect, which is mentioned but not listed separately by Ethnologue, is spoken primarily in Bacău County in eastern Romania. The Csángó Hungarian group has been largely isolated from other Hungarian people , and therefore preserved features that closely resemble earlier forms of Hungarian. Hungarian has 14 vowel phonemes and 25 consonant phonemes. The vowel phonemes can be grouped as pairs of short and long vowels such as o and ó . Most of

14790-499: The name of the country, " Magyarország " (Hungary), pronounced /ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ/ . It is one of three palatal consonants, the others being ⟨ty⟩ and ⟨ny⟩ . Historically a fourth palatalized consonant ʎ existed, still written ⟨ly⟩ . A single 'r' is pronounced as an alveolar tap ( akkora 'of that size'), but a double 'r' is pronounced as an alveolar trill ( akkorra 'by that time'), like in Spanish and Italian . Primary stress

14935-407: The new information for the listeners that may not have been known or that their knowledge must be corrected. For example, "Én vagyok az apád". ('I am your father'. Literally, 'It is I who am your father'.), from the movie The Empire Strikes Back , the pronoun I ( én ) is in the focus and implies that it is new information, and the listener thought that someone else is his father. Although Hungarian

15080-460: The next race, the Malaysian Grand Prix , for impeding Ricciardo in qualifying, but gained places to finish eighth. He matched his best grid position at the Bahrain Grand Prix , starting third, but dropped to eighth at the finish. He praised the team's updates to his FW36 after finishing fifth at the Spanish Grand Prix and felt that the team now had the third-fastest car, however this was followed by 13th place in qualifying and an engine failure at

15225-474: The nineteen races. He was praised for his performances early in the season, but Martin Brundle commented that he "went on the missing list after August" and Bottas described his own season as "disappointing". In September 2017, Mercedes announced that Bottas would remain with the team for the 2018 season. He started 15th at the season-opening Australian Grand Prix after crashing in qualifying and taking

15370-443: The other Ugric languages. For example, Hungarian /aː/ corresponds to Khanty /o/ in certain positions, and Hungarian /h/ corresponds to Khanty /x/ , while Hungarian final /z/ corresponds to Khanty final /t/ . For example, Hungarian ház [haːz] ' house ' vs. Khanty xot [xot] ' house ' , and Hungarian száz [saːz] ' hundred ' vs. Khanty sot [sot] ' hundred ' . The distance between

15515-471: The other drivers involved in Bottas' crash all retired. Following the resulting red flag, after which race leader Hamilton pitted for intermediates, making him the only car to start on the grid as the other drivers all started from the pits, Alpine 's Esteban Ocon ended up leading the majority of the race, going on to take Team Enstone's first victory since 2014; Hamilton finished second after Sebastian Vettel

15660-485: The pairs have an almost similar pronunciation and vary significantly only in their duration. However, pairs a / á and e / é differ both in closedness and length. Consonant length is also distinctive in Hungarian. Most consonant phonemes can occur as geminates . The sound voiced palatal plosive /ɟ/ , written ⟨gy⟩ , sounds similar to 'd' in British English 'duty'. It occurs in

15805-420: The pit lane during practice. He started fifth at the Austrian Grand Prix but recovered to finish second, and achieved another podium finish with third place at the British Grand Prix . He qualified second for the Hungarian Grand Prix but triggered a first-corner crash that eliminated multiple drivers from the race, for which he received a grid penalty. He regained third place in the Drivers' Championship with

15950-419: The points. He scored points at the following four races, including sixth place at the Italian Grand Prix , but retired from the Singapore Grand Prix after picking up a puncture and encountering issues with his seatbelt and gearbox. This was followed by a drive from 11th on the grid to fifth place at the Malaysian Grand Prix . A first lap puncture caused him to fall outside the points after qualifying eighth at

16095-417: The position to Hamilton at the start, who led the entire race distance to win. Bottas followed this with a victory from pole at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix , promoting him to the lead of the championship by one point over Hamilton. Azerbaijan would be the final time that Bottas led the championship as Hamilton would win the next four races. Bottas took his third consecutive pole at the Spanish Grand Prix but

16240-411: The proposition is only for that particular thing or aspect, and it implies that the proposition is not true for some others. For example, in " Az almát János látja". ('It is John who sees the apple'. Literally 'The apple John sees.'), the apple is in the topic, implying that other objects may be seen by not him but other people (the pear may be seen by Peter). The topic part may be empty. The focus shows

16385-468: The race allowed him to regain second place in the Drivers' Championship, 47 points behind Hamilton. At the Tuscan Grand Prix , Bottas took the lead from pole-sitter Hamilton on the first lap. The race was red-flagged on lap seven after a multi-car accident, and Bottas lost the lead to Hamilton shortly after the restart and finished second. He qualified third behind Hamilton and Verstappen for

16530-432: The race but fell back in the closing laps before suffering a tyre failure with four laps remaining. He returned to the pits for a tyre change and eventually finished 11th. Bottas secured pole position at the following week's 70th Anniversary Grand Prix but dropped behind Hamilton in the race, and tyre issues for the Mercedes cars allowed Max Verstappen to pass both drivers to win. This result demoted Bottas to third place in

16675-400: The race contributed to him falling behind Vettel and Hamilton to finish third. He qualified third behind the two Ferraris of Vettel and Räikkönen at the Russian Grand Prix , but overtook both on the opening lap and went on to claim his first Grand Prix victory, making him the fifth Finnish driver to do so. He was able to continue after a first-lap collision with Räikkönen and Max Verstappen at

16820-521: The race ended his pursuit of second place. He achieved another podium at the Spanish Grand Prix , qualifying and finishing third. He qualified third at the Monaco Grand Prix and was running in second place due to Charles Leclerc's failure to start. He was then forced into retirement when his team were unable to remove a wheel during his pit stop. He qualified 10th at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix ; despite being disadvantaged by red flags, he had "no explanation" for his lack of pace and suspected that something

16965-430: The race has been a mainstay of the racing calendar ever since. The first Grand Prix saw 200,000 people spectating, although tickets were expensive at the time. Today, the support is still very enthusiastic, particularly from Finns , with locals making up ten percent while the majority are visitors from Germany. The trophies are "handmade by Herendi Porcelanmanufaktura Zrt with an approximate production time of six months at

17110-437: The season came at the Brazilian Grand Prix , but he again finished second after losing the lead to Vettel at the first corner. He claimed pole position again at the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and went on to achieve his third Grand Prix victory. Bottas finished third overall in the World Drivers' Championship with 305 points, compared to 363 for teammate and champion Hamilton, and qualified ahead of Hamilton at six of

17255-414: The season, stating "I lost the joy of F1". In July 2018, Bottas signed a contract extension with Mercedes for the 2019 season with an option for 2020, continuing alongside Hamilton. He qualified second behind Hamilton at the Australian Grand Prix but overtook Hamilton at the first corner. Bottas went on to win the race by over 20 seconds ahead of Hamilton, his fourth Grand Prix victory. After crossing

17400-404: The season-opening Bahrain Grand Prix , he qualified and finished sixth despite a slow start that dropped him to 14th on the first lap. At the Saudi Arabian Grand Prix , he started eighth but retired his car on lap 46 due to a cooling issue. He qualified 12th at the Australian Grand Prix , ending his streak of 103 consecutive Q3 appearances, but scored points by finishing the race eighth. He set

17545-485: The season-opening Bahrain Grand Prix . He qualified eighth and was unable to gain ground at the Emilia Romagna Grand Prix before being involved in a high-speed collision with George Russell. Both drivers blamed each other for the incident, but Russell later apologised. At the Portuguese Grand Prix , Bottas qualified on pole position but was passed by Hamilton and Verstappen, and a sensor issue later in

17690-420: The season. A collision with Jenson Button in the pit lane at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix dropped Bottas outside the points, having started sixth. Bottas ended his third year in Formula One fifth in the World Drivers' Championship, scoring 136 points to Massa's 121 and helping Williams retain third place in the World Constructors' Championship. An Autosport poll of the Formula One team principals ranked him

17835-493: The season. He collided with Hamilton whilst unlapping himself at the season-ending Brazilian Grand Prix , later stating he was unaware Hamilton was a lap ahead. Bottas ended his debut season 17th in the World Drivers' Championship, scoring four of Williams's five points. He qualified ahead of Maldonado at twelve of the nineteen races and was praised for his performances at the Canadian and United States Grands Prix. Bottas

17980-543: The second time. In 2011, he contested the GP3 Series , remaining with F3 squad ART. After a tough start to the season, he claimed a win in each of the last four race weekends and secured the title by winning the penultimate race ahead of his teammate and future Jaguar Racing driver James Calado . Bottas was signed as the official Formula One test driver for the Williams team in January 2010 after his first year in

18125-453: The seventh-best driver of the year. Bottas and Massa remained teammates at Williams for the 2016 season. A gearbox penalty required him to start the season-opening Australian Grand Prix from 16th place, but he recovered to score points in the race. He was judged to have caused a lap-one collision with Lewis Hamilton at the Bahrain Grand Prix and received a drive-through penalty; he started sixth and finished ninth. He scored more points at

18270-414: The surrounding 7 countries, so it is widely spoken or understood. Although host countries are not always considerate of Hungarian language users, communities are strong. The Szeklers , for example, form their own region and have their own national museum, educational institutions, and hospitals. Hungarian has about 13 million native speakers, of whom more than 9.8 million live in Hungary. According to

18415-412: The table" and remarking that it had been a "privilege and a great sporting challenge" to work with Hamilton. Team principal Toto Wolff praised Bottas's contribution to the team's championship success. Bottas joined Alfa Romeo for 2022 on a multi-year deal, partnering rookie driver Zhou Guanyu . He described the move as "a bit of a project" and that he felt a "responsibility to guide the team". At

18560-538: The team's only podium finish of 2016 at the Canadian Grand Prix ; he qualified seventh but executed a one-stop strategy and climbed to third at the finish. Bottas achieved an unofficial Formula One record speed of 378 km/h (235 mph) at the Baku City Circuit during qualifying for the European Grand Prix . He started sixth at the British Grand Prix but a spin dropped him outside

18705-496: The top 10 by a penalty for Lando Norris . His car broke down in qualifying at the British Grand Prix and he was later disqualified from the session for an insufficient fuel sample. He recovered from 20th on the grid to 12th in the race. After the race, Bottas reflected "we're not meeting the targets we've set ourselves" with the team demoted to ninth in the Constructors' Championship. Both Alfa Romeo drivers reached Q3 at

18850-445: The top ten after Max Verstappen collided with the rear of his car. His best qualifying position of the season thus far came at the Belgian Grand Prix where he started third, but he was handed a drive-through penalty when his team erroneously fitted his car with two different tyre compounds during a pit stop. He went on to finish ninth. He was on course to finish third at the Russian Grand Prix before Räikkönen collided with him on

18995-517: The total word count is difficult, since it is hard to define a "word" in agglutinating languages, due to the existence of affixed words and compound words. To obtain a meaningful definition of compound words, it is necessary to exclude compounds whose meaning is the mere sum of its elements. The largest dictionaries giving translations from Hungarian to another language contain 120,000 words and phrases (but this may include redundant phrases as well, because of translation issues) . The new desk lexicon of

19140-484: The way" of Bottas driving for a championship-contending team. Bottas qualified and finished third in his first race as a Mercedes driver, the Australian Grand Prix , behind Sebastian Vettel and Lewis Hamilton. At the Chinese Grand Prix , he spun behind the safety car and fell from fifth to 12th but recovered to sixth place by the finish. He qualified fastest ahead of Hamilton at the Bahrain Grand Prix , marking his first career pole position. Tyre pressure issues during

19285-440: The year second in the World Drivers' Championship with 223 points to Hamilton's 347, recording two wins, five pole positions, eleven podiums, and two fastest laps. He reflected that again finishing second to Hamilton "can't be that satisfying", but Hamilton commented that the points gap between the two was exaggerated by Bottas's misfortune. Bottas extended his contract with Mercedes into 2021 . He started and finished third at

19430-542: Was again demoted to the back after another engine change. A well-timed pitstop for intermediate tyres on the rapidly dampening track promoted him to fifth place at the end. He qualified second at the Turkish Grand Prix but started on pole after Hamilton incurred a grid penalty. He went on to claim his first and only victory of the year by passing Charles Leclerc for the lead after pitting, a win he described as one of his best ever. Another engine penalty came at

19575-413: Was disqualified due to an insufficient fuel sample. The 2022 edition was won by Verstappen. At the 2013 Hungarian Grand Prix , it was confirmed that Hungary would continue to host a Formula One race until 2021. The track was completely resurfaced for the first time in early 2016, and it was announced the Grand Prix's deal was extended for a further 5 years, until 2026. At the 2023 Hungarian Grand Prix

19720-410: Was expanded in 2012 after his GP3 Series victory; he took part in fifteen Friday practice sessions, making his Grand Prix weekend debut at the Malaysian Grand Prix . In November 2012 it was announced that Bottas would replace Bruno Senna and partner Pastor Maldonado as a full-time Williams race driver for the 2013 season. He qualified 16th, ahead of Maldonado, and finished 14th at his debut race,

19865-415: Was just not there" and that he believed the result would have been the same regardless of the team's strategy. A hydraulics failure at the Hungarian Grand Prix caused his first retirement of the season whilst Maldonado finished tenth to claim the team's first point of 2013. Bottas qualified ninth and finished eighth at the United States Grand Prix , his first Formula One points and the team's best result of

20010-623: Was not part of the Formula One World Championship. Hungarian language It is also spoken by Hungarian diaspora communities worldwide, especially in North America (particularly the United States and Canada ) and Israel . With 14 million speakers, it is the Uralic family's largest member by number of speakers. Hungarian is a member of the Uralic language family . Linguistic connections between Hungarian and other Uralic languages were noticed in

20155-426: Was overtaken by Hamilton at the first corner and finished second, achieving Mercedes' fifth one-two finish in a row. He qualified second at the Monaco Grand Prix but finished third behind Sebastian Vettel after making contact with Max Verstappen in the pit lane. He qualified sixth and finished off the podium at the Canadian Grand Prix and placed second behind Hamilton at the French Grand Prix . He finished third at

20300-436: Was retained by Williams for the 2014 season, partnering Felipe Massa who was signed from Ferrari . At the season-opening Australian Grand Prix , Bottas started fifteenth due to a gearbox change penalty and clipped the wall causing a tyre puncture in the race, but recovered to sixth at the finish and was later promoted to fifth after Daniel Ricciardo 's disqualification. He received another grid penalty and started 18th at

20445-433: Was running in second place in the closing laps of the Hungarian Grand Prix , but dropped to fifth after making contact with Vettel and Ricciardo in separate incidents. Mercedes team principal Toto Wolff praised Bottas's defence against the Ferraris and described him as a "sensational wingman ". Bottas commented that the description was hurtful and that he would discuss the situation with team management. He started 17th at

20590-409: Was set to remain at Williams for a fifth year, with the team announcing a 2017 lineup of Bottas and Lance Stroll in November 2016. Following reigning champion Nico Rosberg's shock retirement from the sport, Mercedes announced in January 2017 that they had signed Bottas to partner Lewis Hamilton at the team. Williams deputy team principal Claire Williams commented that she did not want to "stand in

20735-470: Was unable to race, and took pole position ahead of Russell by 0.026 seconds. Bottas was overtaken by Russell on the opening lap. A tyre mix-up later in the race dropped both cars down the order, with Bottas being sent into and out of the pits without a tyre change. He lost positions in the closing laps to cars on fresher tyres and finished eighth. At the season-ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix , Bottas qualified and finished second ahead of Hamilton. Bottas ended

20880-412: Was unhappy with the order, but Wolff remarked that maximising Hamilton's championship points was the "harsh reality", with Bottas commenting "Lewis is fighting for the drivers’ championship and I'm not". The Japanese Grand Prix was his eighth and final podium finish of the year, and he finished fifth at each of the remaining four races. Bottas became the first Mercedes driver to finish a season without

21025-424: Was wrong with his car. He went on to finish 12th, leaving him sixth in the Drivers' Championship. Bottas qualified third at the French Grand Prix , but lost the podium position to Sergio Pérez in the latter stages of the race and criticised the team's one-stop strategy after being left out on old tyres. He returned to the podium at the Styrian Grand Prix , finishing third despite a grid penalty for spinning in

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