100-559: Atari SA (formerly Infogrames Entertainment SA ( French pronunciation: [ɛ̃fɔɡʁam] )), also known under the Atari Group moniker, is a French holding company headquartered in Paris that owns mainly video gaming related interactive entertainment properties. Atari SA's core subsidiaries include the publisher and marketer Atari, Inc. , developers Nightdive Studios and Digital Eclipse , and publisher Infogrames, It also has
200-473: A blockchain division, Atari X, and additionally owns the websites MobyGames and AtariAge . Through these divisions, the company owns the rights to many video game properties that originated from Accolade , Atari, Inc. , Atari Corporation , GT Interactive, M Network , Intellivision and others. It is the sole owner of the Atari brand since 2001, through its subsidiary Atari Interactive Inc. which licenses
300-662: A 50% stake in the company. U.S. Gold was created by Geoff Brown, owner of Centresoft software distribution, and specialised in importing American Commodore 64 games for the UK market. U.S. Gold had no developers to port the Commodore games for the UK's most popular home computer, the ZX Spectrum, so Ocean produced the conversions of titles such as Beach Head , Raid over Moscow and Tapper through its external development team, Platinum Productions. In October 1984 Ocean bought
400-592: A 50% stake in the publisher, with the intentions to invest 50 million F into creating titles based on Canal+ 's licenses. Infogrames made major purchases for 1999, beginning in March with the purchase of the Gremlin Group for $ 40 million in March, who owned developers Gremlin Interactive and DMA Design ., with Gremlin rebranding as Infogrames Sheffield House. On April 5, Psygnosis ' Paris development studio
500-458: A deal to potentially purchase MobyGames for $ 1.5 million through to the end of March 2022. The purchase was completed on March 8, 2022, with Freyholtz remaining as general manager. In March 2022, Atari ended all ties with former CEO Chesnais and CBI. The following month, they also announced the termination of all license agreements with ICICB, including the end of hotel licenses, and the dissolution of their blockchain joint venture. The Atari Token
600-494: A deal was signed with Taito and Data East for home versions of their arcade games, such as Arkanoid , Renegade , The NewZealand Story and Operation Wolf . Operation Wolf was the first title to be converted to 16-bit platforms by Ocean France , a company created by Ocean and Marc Djan in 1986. The studio produced most of its 16-bit arcade conversions until 1991, when the company became Ocean's French marketing and sales department. 1986 also produced titles based on
700-579: A disposal of the shares and equity-linked instruments held by them. However, BlueBay shareholders later interrupted the sale process of its holding in Atari. BlueBay later converted the conversion of a portion of the ORANEs held by them. On April 4, 2012, Glu Mobile acquired the Deer Hunter franchise from Atari. On April 12, Eden Games began negotiations as an attempt to separate from Atari SA following
800-480: A mail-order business in 1983 after being inspired by the success of Liverpool-based software houses Imagine Software , Bug-Byte and Software Projects . Their initial catalogue was based around clones of arcade video games like Frogger and Missile Command for various home computers including the ZX81 , ZX Spectrum and VIC-20 . While trying to sell their titles into high street stores it became clear that
900-453: A major publisher. Ocean International consisted of British developer and publisher Ocean Software and its North American division Ocean of America. After the deal was closed, Ocean became a standalone subsidiary of Infogrames and continued releasing its own titles distant from those of Infogrames. Both Ocean subsidiaries soon became the official distributors for Infogrames in both territories. In 1997, Infogrames Télématique launched Oceanline,
1000-464: A majority of Infogrames' game catalog. On 8 February 1998, Bruno Bonnell announced that Ocean Software Limited would be rebranded as Infogrames United Kingdom Limited in order to standardize its various subsidiaries under the Infogrames banner. Ocean of America, Inc. was later renamed as Infogrames Entertainment, Inc. Infogrames continued to use Ocean as a brand name for specific titles until
1100-535: A maximum of twenty titles. later on in the year, the company purchased the video game division of the Australian-based Beam Software , and rebranded it as Infogrames Melbourne House. On 29 September, Take-Two Interactive purchased DMA Design from Infogrames for US$ 11 million and transitioned it over to their Rockstar Games subsidiary, soon becoming Rockstar North . In December 1999, Infogrames made their then-largest purchase with
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#17327800335931200-528: A mobile game based on Lunar Lander . On December 14, 2016, fellow-French publisher Bigben Interactive announced they had purchased the Test Drive franchise from Atari. The deal allowed for BigBen to publish new installments in the franchise, while Atari would retain all rights to previous entries in the franchise. On January 3, 2017, TMZ reported that Frontier Developments , the developer for RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 , sued Atari, Inc. for not paying
1300-527: A month later. On November 7, GameSpot reported that Atari was beginning to run out of money, losing 12 million dollars in the first fiscal quarter of 2008. On 6 March 2008, Infogrames made an offer to Atari Inc. to buy out all remaining public shares for a value of US$ 1.68 per share or US$ 11 million total. The offer would make Infogrames the sole owner of Atari Inc., making it a privately held company. On 30 April, Atari Inc. announced its intentions to accept Infogrames' buyout offer and merge with Infogrames, which
1400-441: A new company and keeps majority shares with itself, and invites other companies to buy minority shares, it is called a parent company. A parent company could simply be a company that wholly owns another company, which is then known as a " wholly owned subsidiary ". Ocean Software Ocean Software Ltd was a British software development company that became one of the biggest European video game developers and publishers of
1500-527: A parent company material influence if they are the largest individual shareholder or if they are placed in control of the running of the operation by non-operational shareholders.) In the United Kingdom, the term holding company is defined by the Companies Act 2006 at section 1159. It defines a holding company as a company that holds a majority of the voting rights in another company, or
1600-518: A plan to fully reenter the console and handheld game publishing industry and reduce emphasis on free-to-play and mobile games, leading to possible titles being closed or sold, alongside the closure of Atari Casino. Chesnais later resigned from the company, though remained as a consultant through his new company, Crypto Blockchain Industries (CBI). On November 24, Atari announced they had invested $ 500,000 in retro gaming streaming platform Antstream, and
1700-418: A prior strike after Atari laid off a majority of the studios' employees the prior April. On September 28, Atari, SA, BlueBay Value Recovery (Master) Fund Limited, and The BlueBay Multi-Strategy (Master) Fund Limited reached an agreement following their negotiations regarding the restructuring of the debt and capital structure of the Atari group. As part of the agreement, the €20.9 million Credit Facility Agreement
1800-509: A separate deal with Atari for the expansion of their Dungeons & Dragons license. On August 22, Atari, Inc. sold Humongous Entertainment to Infogrames Entertainment SA for shares worth US$ 10.3 million . With this, Infogrames laid off all remaining employees at the company and transferred the Humongous assets to a self-owned subsidiary Humongous, Inc. with intentions to sell off the assets outright. Atari would continue to distribute
1900-491: A separate division of Infogrames, continuing to publish and distribute its own games, such as F-22: Air Dominance Fighter ., with the UK subsidiary beginning to distribute titles from Infogrames, such as V-Rally . In 1997, Infogrames' French publishing division Infogrames Télématique launched a European-focused online gaming website under the Ocean brand called Oceanline . The website offered up simplified online versions of
2000-503: A staff of 10 people. Atari announced in March that they had entered the social casino gaming industry with the launch of Atari Casino. In 2015, Atari announced a new turnaround strategy that would focus on "download games, MMO games, mobile games and licensing activities, based in priority around traditional franchises." Projects within the strategy included Alone in the Dark: Illumination , RollerCoaster Tycoon World , and
2100-540: A website that would offer simplified online versions of Infogrames titles. On February 3, Infogrames announced that they would purchase the French division of Phillips Media BV for 191.5 million F with the deal closing on June 9. Phillips Media France, in addition to holding a 20% shareholding stake in Infogrames, also owned the distributors Ecudis (France), Leisuresoft (UK), Bomico Entertainment Software (Germany and Holland), and German publisher Laguna Video Games. Leisuresoft
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#17327800335932200-474: A whole remained under its name, and became a holding company for the Atari assets. Atari, Inc.'s majority shareholder was California U.S. Holdings, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Infogrames Entertainment SA. and had exclusive publishing and sublicensing in North America to release titles from Infogrames or its subsidiaries, including Atari Interactive. In September 2003, Atari announced the closure of
2300-499: Is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own stock of other companies to form a corporate group . In some jurisdictions around the world, holding companies are called parent companies , which, besides holding stock in other companies, can conduct trade and other business activities themselves. Holding companies reduce risk for
2400-643: Is a member of another company and has the right to appoint or remove a majority of its board of directors, or is a member of another company and controls alone, pursuant to an agreement with other members, a majority of the voting rights in that company. After the financial crisis of 2007–2008 , many U.S. investment banks converted to holding companies. According to the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council 's website, JPMorgan Chase , Bank of America , Citigroup , Wells Fargo , and Goldman Sachs were
2500-478: Is defined by Part 1, Section 5, Subsection 1 of the Companies Act, which states: 5.—(1) For the purposes of this Act, a corporation shall, subject to subsection (3), be deemed to be a subsidiary of another corporation, if — In the United Kingdom, is generally held that an organisation holding a 'controlling stake' in a company (a holding of over 51% of the stock) is in effect the de facto parent company of
2600-510: Is now regarded as one of the greatest video game/film tie-ins. The game was used as the basis of the Amiga 500 "Batman Pack", which became one of the most successful hardware/software bundles of all time. In 1990, Ocean launched its new subsidiary, Ocean of America, led by former Data East boss Ray Musci to publish titles for the American market. Ocean was voted Best 8-bit Software House of
2700-533: The Desperados franchise and Silver on June 24 while Appeal Studios purchased the full rights to Outcast on July 4. The company's bankruptcy sale took place on July 22, 2013, leading to different titles gaining new homes. A majority of Atari's assets were sold to Tommo , which included a portfolio of over 100 titles and IPs mostly belonging to Accolade and MicroProse , Atari's Math Gran Prix , Humongous Entertainment 's "Junior Adventure" titles, and
2800-593: The Driver franchise were sold to Ubisoft for $ 21.6 million. On September 1, Atari, Inc. announced that its stock faced delisting from the Nasdaq stock exchange due to its price having fallen below $ 1.00. On September 5, 2006, David Pierce was appointed as new CEO of Atari, replacing Bruno Bonnell . Pierce previously worked as an executive at Universal Pictures , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , Sony Pictures , Sony Music , and Sony Wonder . On October 2, Shiny Entertainment
2900-557: The RollerCoaster Tycoon franchise were also put up for sale, although no bids were offered for either franchise. In October, Eden Games reopened as an independent developer by its founder, David Nadal. In 2014, all three of the North American Atari subsidiaries emerged from bankruptcy under the ownership of Frédéric Chesnais, who headed the slimmed-down companies with their entire operations consisting of
3000-645: The Accolade , MicroProse , GT Interactive, and Infogrames catalogues that were formerly owned by Tommo/Billionsoft. This included the Bubsy series and the Accolade and GT Interactive brands. The copyright and trademarks of these titles transitioned to a holding business named GT Interactive, LLC. In May, the company obtained rights for over a dozen M Network games, including Armor Ambush , Astroblast , Frogs and Flies , Space Attack , and Star Strike . Within
3100-740: The Atari and MicroProse brands and titles such as Civilization , Falcon , RollerCoaster Tycoon , Centipede , Missile Command , and Pong , MicroProse's owned developers, the Games.com web portal, third-party video game licenses including Thomas the Tank Engine , Family Feud and various Namco properties, as well as a fifteen-year licensing deal to develop and publish titles based on Hasbro IP such as Dungeons & Dragons , Monopoly , Mr. Potato Head and My Little Pony , with an option for an additional 5 years based on performance. The deal did not include Avalon Hill , which
Atari SA - Misplaced Pages Continue
3200-752: The PAL region . Distribution Partners was 34% owned by Namco Bandai and 66% owned by Atari. Later in May 2009, Namco Bandai acquired Atari Europe from Infogrames. Its sale and marketing personnel were transferred to Distribution Partners. In March 2009, Infogrames announced that it was getting out of the distribution business in the PAL region with its decision to sell its 66% stake at Distribution Partners. According to an Infogrames press-release, this sale allowed "Atari to focus its financial resources and creative energy exclusively on developing and publishing online-enabled games". In July,
3300-481: The broadcast licenses to reflect this, resulting in stations that are (for example) still licensed to Jacor and Citicasters , effectively making them such as subsidiary companies of their owner iHeartMedia . This is sometimes done on a per- market basis. For example, in Atlanta both WNNX and later WWWQ are licensed to "WNNX LiCo, Inc." (LiCo meaning "license company"), both owned by Susquehanna Radio (which
3400-442: The shareholders , and can permit the ownership and control of a number of different companies. The New York Times uses the term parent holding company . Holding companies can be subsidiaries in a tiered structure . Holding companies are also created to hold assets such as intellectual property or trade secrets , that are protected from the operating company. That creates a smaller risk when it comes to litigation . In
3500-729: The 1980s and 1990s. The company was founded by David Ward and Jon Woods and was based in Manchester . Ocean developed dozens of games for a variety of home computer systems such as the ZX Spectrum , Oric 1 , Commodore 64 , Dragon 32/64 , MSX , Amstrad CPC , Commodore 16 , Atari ST , Amiga , IBM PC , BBC Micro and video game consoles , such as the Nintendo Entertainment System , Super Nintendo Entertainment System , Master System , and Mega Drive . Jon Woods and David Ward created Spectrum Games as
3600-684: The Accolade and GT Interactive brands. Other companies that bought assets were Rebellion Developments purchasing Atari's Battlezone franchise and Humongous title MoonBase Commander , Devolver Digital purchasing Marc Ecko's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure , Epic Gear LLC (and later Day 6 Sports Group LLC) purchasing the Backyard Sports franchise, Wargaming purchasing the Total Annihilation and Master of Orion franchises, and Stardock purchasing Star Control . The Test Drive franchise and publishing rights to
3700-406: The Atari brand would focus within a core 18-34-year-old male audience, while children's and casual games would retain the Infogrames banner. In April 2002, the company's Japanese division Infogrames Japan K.K. signed a Japanese distribution deal with Konami for select titles and soon relaunched the Atari brand in the country with the publication of Splashdown , TransWorld Surf and V-Rally 3 in
3800-671: The Dark , a 3D horror adventure game , to international attention. By 1995, Infogrames was held by many shareholders, including a 20% stake from Pathé Interactive (joint-venture between Phillips Media and Chargeurs ) and 3.3% by Productions Marcel Dassault. By August, Phillips Media acquired Chargeurs' stake in Pathé Interactive, which led to the 20% shareholding stake of the company transferring fully over to Phillips. In 1996, Infogrames embarked on an acquisition campaign that would last seven years and cost more than $ 500 million;
3900-699: The Game — all titles which had sold over a million copies — which led to the title They Sold A Million . The compilation went on to sell over a million copies, as did the second and third instalments in the series. Over half of Ocean's releases for 8-bit home computers were coin-op conversions and licensed games. While initially focused on British licences, such as Hunchback from Manchester's Century Electronics, Liverpool's Frankie Goes to Hollywood and Olympic decathlete Daley Thompson , its attention soon shifted to film licences, with The NeverEnding Story becoming its first movie tie-in in 1985. In 1986,
4000-633: The Hunt Valley (the former headquarters of MicroProse) development studio. and Legend Entertainment On October 2, following the closure of Sheffield House, Atari sold a majority of Gremlin Interactive's catalogue alongside their brand, logo and trademark, to Zoo Digital Publishing , a then-new publisher founded by Gremlin co-founder Ian Stewart. On December 18, Atari announced that they would shutter Legend Entertainment in January 2004. Atari continued to close and sell off franchises in 2004. On March 30,
4100-576: The Intellivision catalog on the system. On 26 June 2024, Infogrames acquired the Surgeon Simulator IP from tinyBuild. On 1 November 2024, Atari acquired Transport Tycoon from Chris Sawyer and was followed with Infogrames acquiring the publishing rights to Bread & Fred from Apogee Entertainment . Information about developers owned by Atari, Inc. and Atari Interactive are listed on their pages. As of 2018, Atari SA owns
Atari SA - Misplaced Pages Continue
4200-555: The Sci-Mutant Priestess , Death Gate , Drakkhen , Eternam , Glover , Monty Mole , Hostage: Rescue Mission , Marco Polo and Time Gate: Knight's Chase . On June 8, a short teaser video was released, promoting a new product; and the following week CEO Fred Chesnais confirmed the company was developing a new game console – the hardware was stated to be based on PC technology, and be still under development. In mid July 2017 an Atari press release confirmed
4300-467: The United Kingdom. The following year, Ocean signed a deal with Special FX Software, a company formed by ex-Ocean employees to release titles for home computers, starting with Firefly . In 1989, The Hit Squad branding reappeared as the new budget re-release label for Ocean's 8-bit back catalogue. The entire series consisted of 122 titles over seven 8-bit formats. Their uniform style and numbering has led to them becoming highly collectable. Meanwhile,
4400-725: The United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. The following week on January 29, Eden Games filed for judicial liquidation , effectively closing the studio down. On May 23, Atari announced that they would sell their game assets, developers, the famous "Fuji" logo, and the Atari name in a bankruptcy auction. Prior to the bankruptcy sale in July, Nordic Games purchased
4500-476: The United States sought Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection as well. Since 2020, the company has seen a turnaround with a new focus on dealing with re-releases of older titles and the acquisition of companies that deal with the re-release of mainly abandonware video games; it also abandoned its cryptocurrency and casino divisions, which the company had focused on during previous leadership. The company
4600-446: The United States, 80% of stock, in voting and value, must be owned before tax consolidation benefits such as tax-free dividends can be claimed. That is, if Company A owns 80% or more of the stock of Company B, Company A will not pay taxes on dividends paid by Company B to its stockholders, as the payment of dividends from B to A is essentially transferring cash within a single enterprise. Any other shareholders of Company B will pay
4700-454: The Year at the 1989 Golden Joystick Awards , along with awards for its 8-bit and 16-bit conversions of Operation Wolf . In 1996, Ocean's parent company Ocean International Ltd. announced they would be purchased by and merge with French publisher Infogrames for £100 million. This was the first key purchase in Infogrames' "Expand through Acquisition" policy. After the merger, Ocean remained as
4800-436: The acquisition of a 70% stake in publisher GT Interactive Software for $ 135 million, and assumed GT's $ 75 million bank debt. IESA justified the purchase by stating that GT Interactive provided Infogrames with a "distribution network for all of its products in the United States, as well as a catalog of products that includes Driver , Duke Nukem , Oddworld , Unreal Tournament and Deer Hunter . The deal also included
4900-620: The appeal hearing took place on May 1, 2008. Atari was expected to raise its value to $ 15 million USD from the period of December 20, 2007 through to March 2008. Atari received notice of its absolute delisting on September 12, 2008. In September 2008, Namco Bandai Games and Infogrames formed a joint venture called Distribution Partners . Distribution Partners was defined by Infogrames as a regrouping of "Infogrames' distribution operations in Europe, Asia, Africa and South America." This new entity consisted mainly of Infograme's distribution network in
5000-415: The brand to other entities in the group. Infogrames published numerous video games during the 1990s and eventually became one of the largest video game companies in the world through an acquisition policy. However, later, as Atari SA, it dealt with continuing pressures and difficulty finding investors which led to the company seeking bankruptcy protection under French law in January 2013 while subsidiaries in
5100-465: The closure of MicroProse's UK studio, then named Infogrames Chippenham. On October 2, the company closed Infogrames Lyon House. and on October 22, had acquired the remaining 80% of Eden Studios for $ 4.1 million,. In the fiscal year of 2002, IESA had a net loss of $ 67 million on revenues of $ 650 million, and in 2003 the net losses increased to $ 89 million. On January 30, 2003, Infogrames sold their Mac publishing division MacSoft to Destineer . On May 1,
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#17327800335935200-707: The closure of their Santa Monica and Beverly publishing offices and that publishing would be reassigned to their main North American offices in New York City . On May 2, after signing a new deal with Firaxis Games , 2K announced that they had fully acquired from Atari the full Civilization and prior back catalog of titles. They also announced that they had acquired the publishing rights to the then-recent Sid Meier's Pirates! . On June 9, Hasbro announced they had purchased back Atari's exclusive digital gaming rights to their properties for $ 65 million. As part of
5300-538: The company began their sales of their studios and properties with the sale of the Games.com website to AOL , Paradigm Entertainment and the Stuntman franchise to THQ and the publishing rights to TimeShift to Vivendi Games . The sales generated $ 25 million in revenue. On June 17, Midway acquired the back publishing rights to the Unreal back catalog from Infogrames and Atari. In July, Reflections Interactive and
5400-441: The company enough for royalties for the game; Frontier reported that they only received $ 1.17 million when they needed $ 3.37 million. Frontier's Chief Operating Officer David Walsh confirmed the report in a GameSpot interview, stating that they had previously attempted to resolve the issue without legal action since April 2016. In 2017, Piko Interactive acquired several titles from Atari: 40 Winks , Bubble Ghost , Chamber of
5500-468: The company name was confusing to owners of machines other than the ZX Spectrum. The company was renamed Ocean Software leading to some of its games being re-released with different titles so the Berzerk clone Frenzy was reissued as Robotics and Missile Attack became Armageddon . By September 1984 the success of Ocean allowed Woods and Ward to invest £50,000 in a new software house in return for
5600-591: The company shuttered its Minneapolis development studio, formerly WizardWorks, and announced that its titles such as the Deer Hunter franchise would transition off to Atari Interactive. On July 29, 2004, Epic Games announced that it had ended its publishing agreement with Atari, Inc. for the Unreal , and instead signed a new three-game publishing deal with Midway , beginning with Unreal Championship 2: The Liandri Conflict in 2005. Atari would continue to publish
5700-653: The company shuttered the Infogrames Sheffield House development studio. On 7 May 2003, Infogrames officially reorganized all its subsidiaries under the Atari banner. Its two publishing divisions in the United States - Infogrames, Inc., based in Santa Monica (the former GT Interactive) which handled a majority of the company's "core" titles such as Enter the Matrix , Dungeons and Dragons (including Neverwinter Nights ) and other movie tie-ins,
5800-469: The company was working on its next big film tie-in, which would be specifically aimed at the new graphically superior 16-bit computers, the Atari ST and Amiga . The success of RoboCop established Ocean globally, and it would be Warner Bros. who suggested to Ocean that it produce a tie-in based on its forthcoming Batman movie. The resulting game was another tremendous hit for the company and
5900-496: The company's new business strategy which focuses on online games. Despite restructuring, Infogrames continued to struggle to become profitable. For the 2008 fiscal year the company posted €51.1 million ($ 72.17 million) in net losses and for the 2009 fiscal year, which ended in March, Infogrames posted losses of €226.1 million ($ 319.33 million). During their fiscal year meeting in May 2009, IESA announced that it would be changing its corporate name to an Atari branded name, in line with
6000-439: The company's titles for a period until March 2006, and was later extended to March 2007. During this period, Atari's most profitable titles in the North American market were Dragon Ball games , which accounted for the largest share of Atari's earnings at the time. Infogrames through the remainder of 2006 sold intellectual properties and some studios in order to raise cash and stave off the threat of bankruptcy. On May 10, 2006,
6100-423: The day of the announcement of is departure IESA's shares jumped 24%. In the same year, Infogrames fired the majority of Atari's directors and laid off 20% of its workforce. For the 2006–2007 fiscal year, Atari posted a net loss of $ 70 million. In July 2007, Atari sold their exclusive licensing deal with Hasbro back to them for $ 19 million, which concluded with Hasbro signing a new casual game deal with Electronic Arts
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#17327800335936200-400: The deal valued at €37 million was completed; Distribution Partners was renamed to Namco Bandai Partners . At that time the company had operations in 50 countries and 17 dedicated offices. In December 2008, Infogrames bought Cryptic Studios for $ 26.7 million in cash plus performance bonuses. Cryptic Studios is a massively multiplayer online game developer and its acquisition is in line with
6300-530: The developers SingleTrac , Humongous Entertainment , Cavedog Entertainment , WizardWorks , MacSoft , Legend Entertainment and Reflections Interactive ; Infogrames began the new millennium of 2000 with a new identity and branding, while in February GT closed down Cavedog Entertainment as part of its restructuring. In June, The company invested another $ 30 million in GT Interactive, and renamed
6400-505: The development of Atari branded hotels, with the first hotels to be constructed in Dubai , Gibraltar and Spain . The licensing agreement includes potential additional countries in Europe, Africa, and Asia. In April, Rosen replaced Chesnais as CEO and restructured the company into two units: Atari Gaming, who will focus on video games, and Atari Blockchain, who will focus on blockchain and other businesses. On July 5, 2021, Atari Gaming announced
6500-468: The end of the year when the company quietly retired the brand in favour of their own. The last title published under the Ocean brand altogether was the North American release of GT 64: Championship Edition for the Nintendo 64. Infogrames Entertainment, Inc. began to publish games under their own banner, replacing Infogrames' previous United States subsidiary I-Motion Inc. Infogrames Entertainment, Inc.
6600-511: The existence of new hardware, referred to as the Ataribox . The casing design was inspired by the original Atari 2600 , with a ribbed top surface, and a rise at the back of the console. According to an official company statement of 22 June 2017 the product was to initially launch via a crowdfunding campaign in order to minimize financial risk to the parent company. In March 2018, the Ataribox
6700-548: The existing Unreal back catalog. On November 25, 2004, Infogrames Entertainment SA announced they had sold the Civilization franchise to an undisclosed buyer for $ 22.3 million., In January 2005, it was revealed that the buyer for the Civilization franchise was Take-Two Interactive , who acquired distribution rights to the then-upcoming title Civilization IV under their 2K label. On February 10, Atari announced
6800-447: The films Rambo , Short Circuit and Cobra , as well as the first licensed Batman game . But it would be its 1988 game RoboCop , adapted from Data East's arcade game based on the film RoboCop , that would go on to become the most successful movie licence in history by the end of the decade. In 1987, Ocean via Imagine had a deal with Spanish publisher Dinamic Software to release four titles, before launching its own line in
6900-431: The firm, having overriding material influence over the held company's operations, even if no formal full takeover has been enacted. Once a full takeover or purchase is enacted, the held company is seen to have ceased to operate as an independent entity but to have become a tending subsidiary of the purchasing company, which, in turn, becomes the parent company of the subsidiary. (A holding below 50% could be sufficient to give
7000-458: The first body) is a subsidiary of another body corporate if, and only if: Toronto-based lawyer Michael Finley has stated, "The emerging trend that has seen international plaintiffs permitted to proceed with claims against Canadian parent companies for the allegedly wrongful activity of their foreign subsidiaries means that the corporate veil is no longer a silver bullet to the heart of a plaintiff's case." The parent subsidiary company relationship
7100-605: The five largest bank holding companies in the finance sector, as of December 2013 , based on total assets. The Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 caused many energy companies to divest their subsidiary businesses. Between 1938 and 1958 the number of holding companies declined from 216 to 18. An energy law passed in 2005 removed the 1935 requirements, and has led to mergers and holding company formation among power marketing and power brokering companies. In US broadcasting , many major media conglomerates have purchased smaller broadcasters outright, but have not changed
7200-455: The following requirements are met: A parent company is a company that owns enough voting power in another firm (or subsidiary ) to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors . The definition of a parent company differs from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, with the definition normally being defined by way of laws dealing with companies in that jurisdiction. When an existing company establishes
7300-780: The founder of Ziggurat Interactive, became the new chair of the board of directors upon purchasing a substantial share of the company from Chesnais. Within that year, the company launched the Atari Token Cryptocurrency the Atari Token was launched by Atari, in equal partnership with the ICICB Group. The group was licensed to launch an online gaming platform using crypto currencies, including the Atari Token. Also, Ziggurat Interactive acquired dozens of ex-Atari-owned titles, including Deadly Dozen . In March 2021, Atari extended its partnership with ICICB Group for
7400-479: The latter part of 2023, the company also formed a partnership with and made a minority investment into Playmaji, Inc. the company behind the Polymega retro console, acquired AtariAge , a website dedicated to the history of Atari games, Awesomenauts and Swords & Soldiers from Ronimo Games and Digital Eclipse , a developer that specialized in remakes of older games. On April 2, 2024, Atari re-purchased
7500-685: The name and branding of Imagine Software from the liquidators of the failed software house. Although originally intended to be a label exclusively for arcade conversions, the Imagine logo would also be used on a number of original titles, as well as on UK releases of games licensed from Spanish developers Dinamic Software . In 1985 Ocean and U.S. Gold collaborated again to launch a new label, The Hit Squad , for releasing compilation packages. The first release featured Ocean's Daley Thompson's Decathlon , U.S. Gold's Beach Head , Jet Set Willy from Software Projects and Sabre Wulf by Ultimate Play
7600-530: The new label. Atari also took a 7.9% ownership stake in tinyBuild around the same time. On May 23, Atari announced the acquisition of the Intellivision brand name and its game library from Intellivision Entertainment. This respective company and the Amico console were not included in the sale, and would be renamed. The company would secure a licensing deal with Atari to continue to release updated versions of
7700-499: The objective was to become the world's leading interactive entertainment publisher. While the company's debt increased from $ 55 million in 1999 to $ 493 million in 2002, the company's revenue also increased from $ 246 million to $ 650 million during the same period. In July 1996, the company announced that it would purchase the British-based holding company Ocean International Ltd. for $ 100 million, beginning Infogrames' status as
7800-696: The publisher as Infogrames, Inc. On June 30, Infogrames purchased developer Paradigm Entertainment for $ 19.5 million and placed them within Infogrames, Inc. operations. and soon afterwards purchased in-flight games developer Den-o-Tech Int. (DTI) for $ 5.6 million, renaming them as Infogrames DTI. Infogrames was also one of the interested companies in purchasing Eidos Interactive . On December 6, 2000, board game manufacturer Hasbro announced that they would sell their struggling Hasbro Interactive division to Infogrames for $ 100 million, $ 95 million as 4.5 million common shares of Infogrames and $ 5 million in cash. The deal included all of Hasbro Interactive's product library,
7900-438: The publishing rights to RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 from Frontier Developments as part of RollerCoaster Tycoon' s 25th anniversary, giving Atari full publishing control of the series once more. Later that month, Atari relaunched the Infogrames brand as a second publishing label to publish titles outside the main Atari brands, along with the acquisition of Totally Reliable Delivery Service from tinyBuild , to be published under
8000-479: The region. On April 25, Infogrames purchased Shiny Entertainment from the struggling Interplay Entertainment for $ 47 million, alongside the exclusive publishing rights to publish games based on The Matrix . On August 28, Infogrames purchased the remaining shares in OziSoft for $ 3.7 million and rebranded the distributor as Infogrames Australia and Infogrames New Zealand. On September 12, 2002, Infogrames announced
8100-501: The remains of Ocean Software currently lie under the hands as Bandai Namco Entertainment's UK publishing and distribution division. Starting with Daley Thompson's Decathlon in 1984, games on the ZX Spectrum used the Speedlock protection system, which eventually included a countdown timer showing the time left to load a game. On the commodore 64 Ocean added a full screen graphic to look at and some catchy music to listen to during
8200-455: The rights to the following games and game franchises. The majority of these are original works by Atari , Hasbro Interactive or Infogrames, however the most notable outside of these are a large number of intellectual properties formerly belonging to Ocean Software , to which Atari SA never lost the rights. Some former franchises, such as Test Drive and Alone in the Dark , have since been sold. Holding company A holding company
8300-540: The sale, Hasbro purchased back the video game rights to the Transformers , My Little Pony , Tonka , Magic: The Gathering , Connect Four , Candy Land and Playskool franchises and brands, while Atari would obtain a seven-year exclusive agreement to produce video games based on select Hasbro board games, including Monopoly , Scrabble , The Game of Life , Battleship , Clue , Yahtzee , Simon , Risk and Boggle . Hasbro also secured
8400-644: The same day, the company announced a two-year distribution deal with Canal+ Multimedia to distribute the company's titles in the UK, France and Germany. Later on in the year the company purchased the distributors ABS Multimedia, Arcadia, and the Swiss Gamecity GmbH and ending the year off with the purchase of a 62.5% in Australian game distributor Ozisoft , following its then-recent relinquishment from Sega . On February 10, 1999, Infogrames extended its partnership with Canal+ Multimedia by purchasing
8500-414: The use of the name for its subsidiaries. In reference to this, Atari, Inc.'s CEO Jim Wilson said: "We've gotten rid of the Infogrames and Atari duality, the confusion around that. We are one simplified company, under one management team, under one brand." Infogrames' 29 May earnings report stated: An earnings press release on 24 July 2009 also provided clarification regarding the ensuing name change that
8600-499: The usual taxes on dividends, as they are legitimate and ordinary dividends to these shareholders. Sometimes, a company intended to be a pure holding company identifies itself as such by adding "Holding" or "Holdings" to its name. The parent company–subsidiary company relationship is defined by Part 1.2, Division 6, Section 46 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) , which states: A body corporate (in this section called
8700-670: Was a slightly modified version of that suggestion. The company logo and mascot is an armadillo ( tatou in French), chosen when the company was moved to Villeurbanne . Bonnell commented: "This dinosaur [ sic ] is our symbol. The armadillo has always survived changes to its environment, from the melting of glaciers to the worst of heat waves." In the late 1980s, Infogrames was noted for its French computer games that often featured original game ideas and occasionally humorous content. They had acquired several licences for popular Franco-Belgian comics . In 1992, they released Alone in
8800-459: Was acquired by Foundation 9 Entertainment for $ 1.6 million. The last studio put up for sale - Atari Melbourne House, was sold to Krome Studios in November, and was renamed to Krome Studios Melbourne. Atari retained ownership of Eden Games , while Infogrames still held the assets of Humongous, Inc. In April 2007, Infogrames' founding chairman Bruno Bonnell left the company after 24 years; on
8900-471: Was completed by October 9. With that acquisition Infogrames was the only owner of the Atari brand. Infogrames said that it planned to reduce administrative costs and to focus on online gaming. On May 9, 2008, it was revealed that NASDAQ would be removing Atari from the NASDAQ stock exchange. Atari has stated its intentions to appeal the decision. Atari was notified of NASDAQ's final decision on April 24, 2008, and
9000-496: Was disclaimed as "unlicensed" and a replacement would be developed. In 2023, Atari began a series of IP acquisitions. In March, they acquired the intellectual property rights to 12 Stern Electronics titles, including Berzerk and Frenzy . Later that month, Atari announced that it would acquire Nightdive Studios for $ 10 million. Nightdive had released several ports and remasters of Atari's divested games. The following month, they had re-acquired over one hundred video games from
9100-553: Was extinguished via €10.9 million loan forgiveness from BlueBay Value Recovery (Master) Fund Limited and Atari's payment of €10 million; the cancellation of the dilutive effect of the ORANEs held by BlueBay; €20 million capital increases to be submitted to the vote of Atari shareholders (of which €10 million with preferential subscription right). On 21 January 2013, the North American divisions of Atari SA - Atari, Inc., Atari Interactive, Inc., Humongous, Inc. and California US Holdings, Inc. all filed petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of
9200-609: Was founded by Bruno Bonnell and Christophe Sapet. They wanted to christen the company Zboub Système (which can be approximately translated to Dick System in English), but were dissuaded by their legal counsel. According to Bonnell in a TV interview, they then used a mix-and-match computer program to suggest other names, one of which was "Infogramme": a portmanteau of the French words "informatique" (information technology) and "programme" (computer program). The final choice, Infogrames,
9300-576: Was however not included in the sale, and was shuttered following the purchase. On January 30, 1998, Infogrames signed a licensing deal with Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment to publish and develop five titles based on the Looney Tunes franchise. On February 8, Infogrames rebranded its subsidiaries under its own banner, with Ocean Software becoming Infogrames United Kingdom, Ocean of America becoming Infogrames Entertainment, Inc. and Bomico Entertainment Software becoming Infogrames Deutschland. On
9400-512: Was initially announced some two months prior, rebranding themselves as Atari, SA from Infogrames Entertainment, SA. Furthermore, this release also stated their intentions of henceforth utilising the much more recognisable 'Atari Group' moniker with all Atari-related brands and similar such subsidiaries already under their control. On 21 October 2010, Atari announced Atari's reference shareholders BlueBay Value Recovery (Master) Fund Limited and BlueBay Multi-Strategy (Master) Fund Limited are exploring
9500-474: Was later sold to Cumulus Media ). In determining caps to prevent excessive concentration of media ownership , all of these are attributed to the parent company, as are leased stations , as a matter of broadcast regulation . In the United States, a personal holding company is defined in section 542 of the Internal Revenue Code . A corporation is a personal holding company if both of
9600-491: Was purchased. The company's first major purchase of the year came on April 20, with the purchase of publisher Accolade for $ 60 million in order to gain a major North American distribution network. Accolade was rebranded as Infogrames North America, with the company's former North American distribution arm (the ex-Ocean of America) being folded into it. On June 24, the company extended its Looney Tunes licensing deal with Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for five years, with
9700-862: Was rebranded as Atari, Inc. , and Infogrames Interactive, Inc., based in Beverly, Massachusetts, which focused on children's and casual titles such as games based on the Dragon Ball franchise and their Hasbro license, was renamed Atari Interactive, Inc. , merging with the previously existing Atari Interactive, Inc. which held all rights to the Atari brand. Other subsidiaries that rebranded included Infogrames Australia Pty, Ltd. rebranding as Atari Australia Pty, Ltd. , Infogrames United Kingdom Limited rebranding as Atari United Kingdom Limited, Infogrames Europe rebranding as Atari Europe and development studio Infogrames Melbourne House Pty Ltd becoming Atari Melbourne House Pty Ltd. The Infogrames Entertainment SA company as
9800-671: Was renamed the Atari VCS and it was released in June 2021. It was developed by a new subsidiary based in the U.S., named Atari VCS, LLC. Within the same month, it was revealed that Atari had also sold the V-Rally series to BigBen Interactive with an announcement of a new entry in the franchise from the latter. On 19 September, THQ Nordic announced they had acquired the Alone in the Dark franchise and Act of War . In March 2020, Wade Rosen,
9900-429: Was retained by Hasbro. The deal was closed on January 29, 2001, and Hasbro Interactive was rebranded as Infogrames Interactive, Inc. On October 2, 2001, Infogrames announced that they would reinvent the Atari brand as a second major publishing label with the launch of three new games featuring prominent Atari branding on their boxarts: Splashdown , MX Rider and TransWorld Surf . Infogrames titles released under
10000-463: Was soon folded into Infogrames North America, Inc. — a renaming of Accolade — which then became Infogrames' United States division before being merged and folded into Infogrames, Inc. , a renaming of GT Interactive. The UK subsidiary continued to publish and distribute Infogrames' titles in the country, later being renamed as Atari United Kingdom Limited in 2003. In 2009, Bandai Namco Entertainment purchased Atari SA 's European assets, and
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