168-729: John Patrick McManus (born 10 March 1951) is an Irish businessman and racehorse owner. He was a major shareholder of Manchester United , until his stake was bought out by Malcolm Glazer in 2005. McManus was born in Limerick , Ireland, on 10 March 1951. He was the eldest of five boys (JP, Kevin, Owen and twins Gerry and Michael). He attended the Christian Brothers School on Sexton Street , and lived in Ballygar and later Ballysheedy with his family. He began his career at his father's plant hire firm, and later at 21 secured
336-592: A British Virgin Islands holding company Cubic Expressions. In 2001, the pair further increased their investment in Manchester United to a total shareholding of 9 percent, taking them to the second largest owners behind BSkyB . By 2003, Cubic Expressions had taken their ownership in the club to nearly 25%, having acquired shares from BSkyB and a Legal & General fund. However, outside of their controlling shareholding, McManus and Magnier were involved in
504-443: A tropical rainforest climate , moderated by trade winds . Temperatures vary little throughout the year. In the capital, Road Town , typical daily maxima are around 32 °C (89.6 °F) in the summer and 29 °C (84.2 °F) in the winter. Typical daily minima are around 26 °C (78.8 °F) in the summer and 23 °C (73.4 °F) in the winter. Rainfall averages about 1,150 mm (45.3 in) per year, higher in
672-470: A 1–1 draw at Old Trafford three weeks later was not enough to claim the title. Busby resigned as manager in 1969 before being replaced by the reserve team coach, former Manchester United player Wilf McGuinness . Following an eighth-place finish in the 1969–70 season and a poor start to the 1970–71 season , Busby was persuaded to temporarily resume managerial duties, and McGuinness returned to his position as reserve team coach. In June 1971, Frank O'Farrell
840-556: A 6–5 penalty shoot-out victory over Chelsea in the 2008 UEFA Champions League final in Moscow to go with their 17th English league title. Ryan Giggs made a record 759th appearance for the club in that game, overtaking previous record holder Bobby Charlton. In December 2008, the club became the first British team to win the FIFA Club World Cup after beating LDU Quito 1–0 in the final. Manchester United followed this with
1008-401: A Recovery & Development Authority led by highly skilled infrastructure personnel, many of whom were ex-military with decades of infrastructure rebuilding expertise from war zones and natural disaster sites. Many wealthy residents also proposed a large rebuilding plan, starting with key infrastructure, such as the high school. Nearly five years later, there was no sign of any such rebuilding of
1176-561: A bookmakers licence and took a pitch at Limerick Greyhound track. In 1994, McManus established Leicosa SA, a family office on the Rue du Rhône in Geneva . It is primarily known for trading on the currency markets . Leicosa SA is linked to Novellus, a group of companies responsible for investing in property across the UK and Ireland. McManus is also the primary director of Liberties Strategic Services,
1344-791: A charitable foundation which in July 2012, saw a donation of over €1 million to the Daughters of Charity foundation. McManus was awarded The Princess Grace Humanitarian Award in Monaco by Prince Albert II in the same year for his philanthropy in Ireland. In 2020, he donated equipment to the University Hospital Limerick during the 2019–22 Coronavirus pandemic . In December 2023, McManus announced that he would donate €1 million to Gaelic games in every county in Ireland with
1512-765: A copy of the Letter of Entrustment which was sent to the Government of the British Virgin Islands, to the Government of the United States of America "via diplomatic note of 28 May 2014". The Letter of Entrustment dated 14 July 2010 was originally provided to the Government of the British Virgin Islands and authorised the Government of the BVI "to negotiate and conclude Agreements relating to taxation that provide for exchange of information on tax matters to
1680-447: A director and club ambassador. He retired as the most decorated manager in football history. The club announced the next day that Everton manager David Moyes would replace him from 1 July, having signed a six-year contract. Ryan Giggs took over as interim player-manager 10 months later, on 22 April 2014, when Moyes was sacked after a poor season in which the club failed to defend their Premier League title and failed to qualify for
1848-587: A disallowed goal scored by Alex to win the game. Manchester United won the league again in the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons, becoming only the fourth club to win the English title three times in a row. The team finished third in 2001–02 , before regaining the title in 2002–03 . They won the 2003–04 FA Cup , beating Millwall 3–0 in the final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff to lift
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#17327914428522016-603: A dramatic victory over Bayern Munich , in what is considered one of the greatest comebacks of all time. That summer, Ferguson received a knighthood for his services to football. In November 1999, the club became the only British team to ever win the Intercontinental Cup with a 1–0 victory over the strong 1999 Copa Libertadores winners Palmeiras in Tokyo. The Red Devils counted on an unexpected goalkeeper fail by future 2002 FIFA World Cup winner Marcos and
2184-720: A family private office based in Geneva and Hamilton , Bermuda . The firm have invested in the likes of Tamilnad Mercantile Bank and Ashanti Goldfields . McManus' brother Gerry is the finance director. Gerry is based in Limerick, and is known to have a keen interest in classic cars with his collection including a Ferrari 250 GT Berlinetta . McManus often invests alongside John Magnier, and Dermot Desmond . The group own successful nursing home group Barchester Healthcare , and are investors in Mitchells & Butlers where McManus holds
2352-476: A field on North Road , close to the railway yard; the original capacity was about 12,000, but club officials deemed the facilities inadequate for a club hoping to join The Football League. Some expansion took place in 1887, and in 1891, Newton Heath used its minimal financial reserves to purchase two grandstands, each able to hold 1,000 spectators. Although attendances were not recorded for many of
2520-512: A five-year deal was agreed with Admiral Sportswear in 1975. Adidas won the contract in 1980, before Umbro started a second spell in 1992. That sponsorship lasted for ten years, followed by Nike's record-breaking £302.9 million deal, which lasted until 2015; 3.8 million replica shirts were sold in the first 22 months with the company. In addition to Nike and Chevrolet, the club also has several lower-level "platinum" sponsors, including Aon and Budweiser . On 30 July 2012, United signed
2688-474: A founding member of The Combination , a regional football league. Following the league's dissolution after only one season, Newton Heath joined the newly formed Football Alliance , which ran for three seasons before being merged with The Football League. This resulted in the club starting the 1892–93 season in the First Division , by which time it had become independent of the railway company and dropped
2856-494: A heated personal rivalry. With 33 titles between them (20 for Manchester United, 13 for Arsenal), the fixture has been described as a "blockbuster" and the "greatest" rivalry in the history of the Premier League. Manchester United has been described as a global brand; a 2011 report by Brand Finance, valued the club's trademarks and associated intellectual property at £412 million – an increase of £39 million on
3024-410: A memorandum requiring that the postage stamps in the territory should say "British Virgin Islands" (whereas previously they had simply stated "Virgin Islands"), a practice which is still followed today. This was likely to prevent confusion following on from the adoption of US currency in the territory in 1959, and the references to US currency on the stamps of the territory. It is generally thought that
3192-580: A new Premier League record. The record was pushed steadily upwards before reaching its peak on 31 March 2007, when 76,098 spectators saw Manchester United beat Blackburn Rovers 4–1, with just 114 seats (0.15 per cent of the total capacity of 76,212) unoccupied. In 2009, reorganisation of the seating resulted in a reduction of capacity by 255 to 75,957. Manchester United has the second highest average attendance among European football clubs, behind only Borussia Dortmund . In 2021, United co-chairman Joel Glazer said that "early-stage planning work" for
3360-402: A record 19th league title in 2010–11 , securing the championship with a 1–1 away draw against Blackburn Rovers on 14 May 2011. This was extended to 20 league titles in 2012–13 , securing the championship with a 3–0 home win against Aston Villa on 22 April 2013. On 8 May 2013, Ferguson announced that he was to retire as manager at the end of the football season, but would remain at the club as
3528-705: A record 20 top-flight league titles , 13 FA Cups , 6 League Cups and a record 21 FA Community Shields . Additionally, in international football, they have won the European Cup/UEFA Champions League three times, and the UEFA Europa League , the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup , the UEFA Super Cup , the Intercontinental Cup and the FIFA Club World Cup once each. Appointed as manager in 1945, Matt Busby built
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#17327914428523696-413: A reversible white and gold away kit was released, although the actual match day shirts were not reversible. The club's third kit is often all-blue; this was most recently the case during the 2014–15 season. Exceptions include a green-and-gold halved shirt worn between 1992 and 1994, a blue-and-white striped shirt worn during the 1994–95 and 1995–96 seasons and once in 1996–97, an all-black kit worn during
3864-639: A row with manager Sir Alex Ferguson relating to the ownership of a successful racehorse Rock of Gibraltar . This would lead the pair to sell their shareholding of the club to Malcolm Glazer for around €335million. In 2023, McManus became the honorary lifetime president of Limerick GAA . He had been a sponsor and investor in the team for nearly twenty years. McManus founded the J.P. McManus Pro-Am golf tournament in 1990. The first event took place at Limerick Golf Club , attracing professionals including Philip Walton , Des Smyth and Brian Barnes raising €1.5m for charity. The second event took place in 1995, and
4032-402: A seven-year deal with American automotive corporation General Motors , which replaced Aon as the shirt sponsor from the 2014–15 season. The new $ 80m-a-year shirt deal is worth $ 559m over seven years and features the logo of General Motors brand Chevrolet . Nike announced that they would not renew their kit supply deal with Manchester United after the 2014–15 season, citing rising costs. Since
4200-530: A significant backlash from supporters, other clubs, media partners, sponsors, players and the UK Government , forcing the club to withdraw just two days later. The failure of the project led to the resignation of executive vice-chairman Ed Woodward , while resultant protests against Woodward and the Glazer family led to a pitch invasion ahead of a league match against Liverpool on 2 May 2021, which saw
4368-413: A significant golf course upgrade by designer Tom Fazio. The venue is set to host the 2027 Ryder Cup . McManus is a well known racehorse owner, with his green and yellow silks becoming famous worldwide. His first horse was Cill Dara , named after the county in Ireland. McManus's first Cheltenham Festival winner was Mister Donovan in 1982. Over the years, McManus has become the most decorated owner of
4536-547: A significant share of the business. Magnier, Desmond and McManus were all investors in Ladbrokes. In 1998, McManus was part of a consortium, that purchased Sandy Lane in Barbados from Granada PLC . The resort was demolished and rebuilt at a cost of $ 450million. In 2014, McManus added to his hotel ownership purchasing Adare Manor for €30million. Shortly after, the resort was closed for a two-year renovation which included
4704-604: A single facility, His Majesty's Prison in East End, Tortola. The British and US Virgin Islands sit at the axis of a major drugs transshipment point between Latin America and the continental United States. The American Drug Enforcement Administration regards the adjacent US territories of Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands as a "High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area". As a British Overseas territory, defence of
4872-417: A state of emergency. Visiting Tortola on 13 September 2017, UK Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said that he was reminded of photos of Hiroshima after it had been hit by the atom bomb. By 8 September, the UK government sent troops with medical supplies and other aid. More troops were expected to arrive a day or two later, but HMS Ocean , carrying more extensive assistance, was not expected to reach
5040-534: A suite at the Dorchester Hotel on Park Lane . McManus owns a Gulfstream G650 private jet. In July 2019, the aircraft was involved in an emergency landing at Shannon Airport following engine failure on a routine flight to the UK. McManus was on board at the time with four other people. He also owns an Agusta Westland AW139 helicopter registered EI-LIM and finished with green and yellow to match his racing silks. A keen golfer, McManus has twice won
5208-644: A team with an average age of just 22 nicknamed the Busby Babes that won successive league titles in the 1950s and became the first English club to compete in the European Cup. Eight players were killed in the Munich air disaster , but Busby rebuilt the team around star players George Best , Denis Law and Bobby Charlton – known as the United Trinity. They won two more league titles before becoming
J. P. McManus - Misplaced Pages Continue
5376-534: A trophy since a six-year span between 1977 and 1983. On 5 March 2023, the club suffered their joint-heaviest defeat, losing 7–0 to rivals Liverpool at Anfield. At the end of the following season , the club finished eighth in the Premier League, their lowest league finish since the 1989–90 season , but went on to beat cross-city rivals Manchester City 2–1 in the FA Cup final , to win their 13th FA Cup title. On 28 October 2024, Manchester United sacked Erik ten Hag after
5544-560: A variety of publications and public records dating from between 21 February 1857 and 12 September 1919 where the territory is referred to as the British Virgin Islands. British Virgin Islands government publications continue to begin with the name "The territory of the Virgin Islands", and the territory's passports simply refer to the "Virgin Islands", and all laws begin with the words "Virgin Islands". Moreover,
5712-544: A very popular way to visit less accessible islands. Established in 1972, the BVI hosts the BVI Spring Regatta and Sailing Festival. A substantial number of the tourists who visit the BVI are cruise ship passengers, and although they produce far lower revenue per head than charter boat tourists and hotel based tourists, they are nonetheless important to the substantial - and politically important - taxi driving community. Financial services account for over half of
5880-456: A white shirt, black shorts and white socks, but there have been several exceptions. These include an all-black strip with blue and gold trimmings between 1993 and 1995, the navy blue shirt with silver horizontal pinstripes worn during the 1999–2000 season, and the 2011–12 away kit, which had a royal blue body and sleeves with hoops made of small midnight navy blue and black stripes, with black shorts and blue socks. An all-grey away kit worn during
6048-585: A year before the club bought back the contract in October 2012, although they remained the club's official logistics partner. The contract for the training kit sponsorship was then sold to Aon in April 2013 for a deal worth £180 million over eight years, which also included purchasing the naming rights for the Trafford Training Centre . The club's first kit manufacturer was Umbro , until
6216-573: A €20 million residence next to Martinstown Stud in Killmallock. The property has an artificial lake, nine bedroom suites, an 18-metre pool, a 200-seat cinema and an underground car park for six cars. In 2013, his €150 million mansion in Barbados was completed. He also owns a €100m home in Chelsea , London , and a large property on Ailesbury Road in Dublin purchased in 2011. He also retains
6384-540: Is Daniel Pruce (since 29 January 2024). The current Premier is Natalio Wheatley (since 5 May 2022), who is leader of the Virgin Islands Party . On 8 June 2022, subordinate UK legislation was made allowing for direct rule for the islands. However, the British Government decided on that date not to implement direct rule. The British Virgin Islands is a unitary territory. The territory
6552-456: Is a clash with the opponent's kit. For 2018–19, black shorts and red socks became the primary choice for the home kit. Since 1997–98, white socks have been the preferred choice for European games, which are typically played on weeknights, to aid with player visibility. The current home kit is a red shirt with Adidas ' trademark three stripes in red on the shoulders, white shorts, and black socks. The Manchester United away strip has often been
6720-696: Is a professional football club based in Old Trafford , Greater Manchester, England. They compete in the Premier League , the top tier of English football . Nicknamed the Red Devils, they were founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, but changed their name to Manchester United in 1902. After a spell playing in Clayton, Manchester , the club moved to their current stadium, Old Trafford , in 1910. Domestically, Manchester United have won
6888-437: Is common to hear criticism in the British Virgin Islands' press about income inequality , no serious attempt has been made by economists to calculate a Gini coefficient or similar measure of income equality for the territory. A report from 2000 suggested that, despite the popular perception, income inequality was actually lower in the British Virgin Islands than in any other OECS state , although in global terms income equality
J. P. McManus - Misplaced Pages Continue
7056-516: Is divided into nine electoral districts, and each voter is registered in one of those districts. Eight of the nine districts are partly or wholly on Tortola, and encompass nearby neighbouring islands. Only the ninth district (Virgin Gorda and Anegada) does not include any part of Tortola. At elections, in addition to voting their local representative, voters also cast votes for four candidates who are elected upon an at-large territory-wide basis. Crime in
7224-512: Is geologically distinct from the rest of the group, being a flat island composed of limestone and coral. The British Virgin Islands contain the Leeward Islands moist forests and Leeward Islands xeric scrub terrestrial ecoregions. In the British Virgin Islands forest cover is around 24% of the total land area, equivalent to 3,620 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 3,710 hectares (ha) in 1990. The British Virgin Islands have
7392-506: Is higher in the Caribbean than in many other regions. Tourism accounts for approximately 45% of national income. The islands are a popular destination for US citizens. Tourists frequent the numerous white sand beaches, visit The Baths on Virgin Gorda , snorkel the coral reefs near Anegada, or experience the well-known bars of Jost Van Dyke. The BVI are known as one of the world's greatest sailing destinations, and charter sailboats are
7560-584: Is no record of any native Amerindian population in the British Virgin Islands during this period; it is thought that they either fled to safer islands or were killed. The Dutch established a permanent settlement on the island of Tortola by 1648, frequently clashing with the Spanish who were based on nearby Puerto Rico. In 1672, the English captured Tortola from the Dutch, and the English annexation of Anegada and Virgin Gorda followed in 1680. Meanwhile, over
7728-455: Is often attributed to Matt Busby's rebuilding of the team and subsequent success following the Munich air disaster, which drew worldwide acclaim. The "iconic" team included Bobby Charlton and Nobby Stiles (members of England's World Cup winning team), Denis Law and George Best. The attacking style of play adopted by this team (in contrast to the defensive-minded " catenaccio " approach favoured by
7896-544: Is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution , when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port. The two clubs are the most successful in the history of English football; between them they have won 39 league titles , 9 European Cups, 21 FA Cups, 16 League Cups, 4 UEFA Cup/Europa Leagues , 2 FIFA Club World Cups , 1 Intercontinental Cup, 37 FA Community Shields and 5 UEFA Super Cups. Ranked
8064-586: The 1979 FA Cup final . Sexton was dismissed in 1981, even though the team won the last seven games under his direction. He was replaced by Ron Atkinson , who immediately broke the British record transfer fee to sign Bryan Robson from his former club West Bromwich Albion . Under Atkinson, Manchester United won the FA Cup in 1983 and 1985 and beat rivals Liverpool to win the 1983 Charity Shield . In 1985–86 , after 13 wins and two draws in its first 15 matches,
8232-480: The 2008–09 Football League Cup , and its third successive Premier League title. That summer, forward Cristiano Ronaldo was sold to Real Madrid for a world record £80 million. In 2010, Manchester United defeated Aston Villa 2–1 at Wembley to retain the League Cup , its first successful defence of a knockout cup competition. After finishing as runners-up to Chelsea in the 2009–10 season , United achieved
8400-683: The 2013 G8 summit putting their governance and regulatory regimes far ahead of many "onshore" jurisdictions. On 10 September 2013, British Prime Minister David Cameron said "I do not think it is fair any longer to refer to any of the Overseas Territories or Crown Dependencies as tax havens. They have taken action to make sure that they have fair and open tax systems. It is very important that our focus should now shift to those territories and countries that really are tax havens." Yet journalist and author for The Economist, Nicholas Shaxson, writes in his 2016 Treasure Islands, tax havens and
8568-654: The College of Arms to the English Football League for use by Manchester United. In 2023, the Red Devil motif alone, which had been used in promotional items and merchandise previously, was used as the sole badge on the Manchester United third kit. The existing crest remains on the home and away kits. Newton Heath's uniform in 1879, four years before the club played its first competitive match, has been documented as 'white with blue cord'. A photograph of
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#17327914428528736-755: The Danish Virgin Islands for US$ 25 million, renaming them the United States Virgin Islands . Economic linkages with the US islands prompted the British Virgin Islands to adopt the US dollar as its currency in 1959. The British Virgin Islands were administered variously as part of the British Leeward Islands or with St. Kitts and Nevis , with an administrator representing the British Government on
8904-625: The London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club was taken private in 2005 after a purchase by American businessman Malcolm Glazer valued at almost £800 million, of which over £500 million of borrowed money became the club's debt. From 2012, some shares of the club were listed on the New York Stock Exchange , although the Glazer family retains overall ownership and control of the club . Manchester United were formed in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR Football Club by
9072-589: The US Virgin Islands , and about 95 km (59 mi) from the Puerto Rican mainland. About 150 km (93 mi) east south-east lies Anguilla . The North Atlantic Ocean lies to the east of the islands, and the Caribbean Sea lies to the west. Most of the islands are volcanic in origin and have a hilly, rugged terrain. The highest point is Mount Sage on Tortola at 521m. Anegada
9240-764: The Virgin Islands , are a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean , to the east of Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands and north-west of Anguilla . The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles and part of the West Indies . The British Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola , Virgin Gorda , Anegada and Jost Van Dyke , along with more than 50 other smaller islands and cays . About 16 of
9408-429: The family that owns the club , died on 28 May 2014. Under Van Gaal, United won a 12th FA Cup , but a disappointing slump in the middle of his second season led to rumours of the board sounding out potential replacements. Van Gaal was ultimately sacked just two days after the cup final victory, with United having finished fifth in the league. Former Porto , Chelsea, Inter Milan and Real Madrid manager José Mourinho
9576-530: The "LYR" from its name. After two seasons, the club was relegated to the Second Division . In January 1902, with debts of £2,670 – equivalent to £370,000 in 2024 – the club was served with a winding-up order . Captain Harry Stafford found four local businessmen, including John Henry Davies (who became club president), each willing to invest £500 in return for a direct interest in running
9744-684: The "reserved side" (as distinct from the "popular side"); however, weather restricted the attendance for the Manchester City match to just 12,000. When the Bank Street ground was temporarily closed by bailiffs in 1902, club captain Harry Stafford raised enough money to pay for the club's next away game at Bristol City and found a temporary ground at Harpurhey for the next reserves game against Padiham. Following financial investment, new club president John Henry Davies paid £500 for
9912-418: The 1995–96 season was dropped after just five games; in its final outing against Southampton, Alex Ferguson instructed the team to change into the third kit during half-time. The reason for dropping it being that the players claimed to have trouble finding their teammates against the crowd, United failed to win a competitive game in the kit in five attempts. In 2001, to celebrate 100 years as "Manchester United",
10080-507: The 2021–22 season. At the end of the 2023–24 season, TeamViewer were replaced by Snapdragon , who agreed a deal worth more than £60 million a year to take over as the club's main sponsor. In August 2024, Snapdragon's parent company Qualcomm triggered an option to extend the deal by two years, taking it through to 2029. British Virgin Islands The British Virgin Islands ( BVI ), officially
10248-581: The April 2016 Panama Papers leak, while all of the wrongdoing by Mossack Fonseca personnel occurred in Panama and the US, the British Virgin Islands was by far the most commonly-used jurisdiction by clients of Mossack Fonseca . In 2022, the verified nature of beneficial ownership registers of the British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies were a crucial tool in giving effect to sanctions against Russia and Belarus , enabling
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#173279144285210416-731: The BVI Commercial Court routinely hears highly sophisticated matters at the cutting edge of cross-border litigation and enforcement, where billions of dollars are at issue. Citco , also known as the Citco Group of Companies and the Curaçao International Trust Co., is a privately owned global hedge fund administrator headquartered in the British Virgin Islands, founded in 1948. It is the world's largest hedge fund administrator, managing over $ 1 trillion in assets under administration. In May 2022,
10584-422: The British Virgin Islands in a position where it would be at a severe disadvantage because other International Finance Centres do not have this in place, and in the case of the US and the UK, there is very little near-term prospect of the same. In late 2022, both of the US and EU appeared to have endorsed the British Overseas Territories' beneficial ownership register regimes. In a judgment dated 22 November 2022,
10752-421: The British Virgin Islands is comparatively low by Caribbean standards. Whilst statistics and hard data are relatively rare, and are not regularly published by governmental sources in the British Virgin Islands, the Premier did announce that in 2013 there has been a 14% decline in recorded crime as against 2012. Homicides are rare, with just one incident recorded in 2013. The Virgin Islands Prison Service operates
10920-462: The Caribbean for a hurricane relief fund and promised that the UK government would match donations from the public to the British Red Cross appeal. Specifics were not provided to the news media as to the amount that would be allocated to the Virgin Islands. Boris Johnson's visit to Tortola on 13 September 2017 during his Caribbean tour was intended to confirm the UK's commitment to helping restore British islands but he provided no additional comments on
11088-410: The Carriage and Wagon department of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) depot at Newton Heath . The team initially played games against other departments and railway companies, but on 20 November 1880, they competed in their first recorded match; wearing the colours of the railway company – green and gold – they were defeated 6–0 by Bolton Wanderers ' reserve team. By 1888, the club had become
11256-403: The Cheltenham Festival with 74 winners to his name. Including Istabraq who won four times at The Festival, Baracouda a two time Stayers Hurdle winner and Buveur D'Air who gave McManus his 50th winner at The Festival. Synchronised , a home-bred horse was victorious for McManus in the Gold Cup, his first and only winner of the race, later died at Aintree in 2012. McManus has also had success in
11424-469: The Double twice when they won both competitions again in 1995–96 , before retaining the league title once more in 1996–97 with a game to spare. In the 1998–99 season , Manchester United became the first team to win the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League – "The Treble" – in the same season. Trailing 1–0 going into injury time in the 1999 UEFA Champions League final , Teddy Sheringham and Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored late goals to claim
11592-424: The Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, as well as the more recent BVI Arbitration Centre. Caribbean KCs and British KCs preside over the majority of important cases and the laws of the Virgin Islands are based on English laws, meaning the jurisdiction provides clarity and consistency should parties require commercial disputes to be resolved. Owing to the international nature of BVI companies' operations and asset holdings,
11760-530: The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has at last decided that open public access to the beneficial owner registers of EU member state companies is no longer valid, as it is in contravention of articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter). The US appears to have come to a similar conclusion regarding balancing confidentiality and legitimate privacy with the Anti-Money Laundering advantages of having verified beneficial ownerships registers. The resultant goal appears to be to bring
11928-447: The Grand National. Don't Push It , ridden by McCoy and trained by O'Neill, won the 2010 Grand National Steeplechase. In 2021 McManus won the Grand National for a second time with his horse Minella Times , ridden by Rachael Blackmore and trained by Henry De Bromhead . In 2024 McManus won the Grand National for a third time with his horse I Am Maximus, ridden by Paul Townend and trained by Willie Mullins . Alongside ownership of
12096-478: The Newton Heath team, taken in 1892, is believed to show the players wearing red-and-white quartered jerseys and navy blue knickerbockers . Between 1894 and 1896, the players wore green and gold jerseys which were replaced in 1896 by white shirts, which were worn with navy blue shorts. After the name change in 1902, the club colours were changed to red shirts, white shorts, and black socks, which has become
12264-557: The North Stand was redeveloped into three tiers, restoring capacity to approximately 55,000. At the end of the 1998–99 season, second tiers were added to the East and West Stands, raising capacity to around 67,000, and between July 2005 and May 2006, 8,000 more seats were added via second tiers in the north-west and north-east quadrants. Part of the new seating was used for the first time on 26 March 2006, when an attendance of 69,070 became
12432-888: The OECD standard" (Paragraph 2 of the FATCA Agreement). Via an "Entrustment Letter" dated 24 March 2014, The Government of the United Kingdom, authorised the Government of the BVI to sign an agreement on information exchange to facilitate the Implementation of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act. On 27 March 2017, the US Treasury site disclosed that the Model 1 agreement and related agreement were "In Force" on 13 July 2015. Under
12600-661: The Second Division, where it remained until regaining promotion in 1925. Relegated again in 1931, Manchester United became a yo-yo club , achieving its all-time lowest position of 20th place in the Second Division in 1934, under secretary-manager Scott Duncan , narrowly avoiding relegation to the Third Division . Two years later, Duncan led the club to promotion before another relegation followed in 1937, which led to his resignation in November of that year. Following
12768-501: The Treble-winning 1998–99 season, and a white shirt with black-and-red horizontal pinstripes worn between 2003–04 and 2005–06. From 2006–07 to 2013–14, the third kit was the previous season's away kit, albeit updated with the new club sponsor in 2006–07 and 2010–11, apart from the 2008–09 season, when an all-blue kit was launched to mark the 40th anniversary of the 1967–68 European Cup success. Newton Heath initially played on
12936-473: The UEFA Champions League for the first time since 1995–96. They also failed to qualify for the UEFA Europa League , the first time Manchester United had not qualified for a European competition since 1990. On 19 May 2014, it was confirmed that Louis van Gaal would replace Moyes as Manchester United manager on a three-year deal, with Giggs as his assistant. Malcolm Glazer , the patriarch of
13104-720: The UK Sanctions and Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2018, beneficial ownership of companies in British overseas territories such as the British Virgin Islands must be publicly registered for disclosure by 31 December 2020. The Government of the British Virgin Islands has not yet formally challenged this law, yet has criticised it, noting that it violates the Constitutional sovereignty granted to the islands, and would in practice be relatively ineffective in anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing, while raising serious privacy and human rights issues. Further, this would put
13272-621: The United Kingdom. The most recent constitution was adopted in 2007 (the Virgin Islands Constitution Order, 2007) and came into force when the Legislative Council was dissolved for the 2007 general election . The head of government under the constitution is the Premier (before the new constitution the office was referred to as Chief Minister ), who is elected in a general election along with
13440-514: The Virgin Islands were first settled by the Arawak from South America around 100 BC to AD 200, though there is some evidence of Amerindian presence on the islands as far back as 1500 BC. The Arawaks inhabited the islands until the 15th century when they were displaced by the Kalinago (Island Caribs), a tribe from the Lesser Antilles islands. The first European sighting of the Virgin Islands
13608-440: The aid package. He did confirm that HMS Ocean had departed for the BVI carrying items like timber, buckets, bottled water, food, baby milk, bedding and clothing, as well as ten pickup trucks, building materials and hardware. The UK offered to underwrite rebuilding loans up to US$ 400m as long as there was accountability as to how the monies were spent. Successive NDP and VIP governments declined, despite there having been created
13776-503: The banking sector of the British Virgin Islands comprised only seven commercial banks and one restricted bank, 12 authorised custodians, two licensed money services businesses and one licensed financing service provider. The British Virgin Islands is frequently referred to as a " tax haven " by campaigners and NGOs, including Oxfam. Successive governments in the British Virgin Islands have implemented tax exchange agreements and verified beneficial ownership information of companies following
13944-569: The building cost €30 million to build but had been valued at just €5 million. It was also noted that a necessary change in charity status of the International Rugby Experience, if handed over to the council, could incur a VAT liability of €12 million. McManus has been a tax exile in Switzerland since the 1990s and has often faced criticism of this status. In 2011 he spoke out against such criticism, claiming that he
14112-521: The building was offered to Limerick City and County Council , however the council announced that after "extensive due diligence" it was unable to take on the cost of operating and funding the facility which was estimated to be two million euro per annum. The International Rugby Experience subsequently announced that it would close for good in December 2024. At a meeting of the Council it was reported that
14280-492: The club and who subsequently changed the name; on 24 April 1902, Manchester United was officially born. Under Ernest Mangnall , who assumed managerial duties in 1903, Manchester United finished as Second Division runners-up in 1906 and secured promotion to the First Division, which they won in 1908 – the club's first league title. The following season began with victory in the first ever Charity Shield and ended with
14448-594: The club became the first in the history of English football to achieve the continental treble of the Premier League, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League. In winning the UEFA Europa League under José Mourinho in 2016–17 , they became one of five clubs to have won the original three main UEFA club competitions (the Champions League, Europa League and Cup Winners' Cup). Manchester United are one of
14616-546: The club became the first sports team in the world to be valued at $ 3 billion. Forbes magazine valued the club at $ 3.3 billion – $ 1.2 billion higher than the next most valuable sports team. They were overtaken by Real Madrid for the next four years, but Manchester United returned to the top of the Forbes list in June 2017, with a valuation of $ 3.689 billion. The core strength of Manchester United's global brand
14784-504: The club managed just three wins in the opening nine games of the Premier League season. On 1 November 2024, Manchester United announced that they would be appointing Sporting CP boss Ruben Amorim as their new head coach from 11 November 2024. The club crest is derived from the Manchester City Council coat of arms , although all that remains of it on the current crest is the ship in full sail. The devil stems from
14952-547: The club raised significant capital, with which it further developed its commercial strategy. The club's focus on commercial and sporting success brought significant profits in an industry often characterised by chronic losses. The strength of the Manchester United brand was bolstered by intense off-the-field media attention to individual players, most notably David Beckham (who quickly developed his own global brand). This attention often generates greater interest in on-the-field activities, and hence generates sponsorship opportunities –
15120-651: The club through the MUFC Fans Forum, and the Manchester United Supporters' Trust (MUST). After the Glazer family's takeover in 2005, a group of fans formed a splinter club, F.C. United of Manchester . The West Stand of Old Trafford – the " Stretford End " – is the home end and the traditional source of the club's most vocal support. Manchester United has high-profile rivalries with Liverpool and local neighbours Manchester City . The club has also had rivalries throughout its history with
15288-539: The club to charge an entry fee to the ground, secretary A. H. Albut procured the use of the Bank Street ground in Clayton . It initially had no stands, by the start of the 1893–94 season , two had been built; one spanning the full length of the pitch on one side and the other behind the goal at the "Bradford end". At the opposite end, the "Clayton end", the ground had been "built up, thousands thus being provided for". Newton Heath's first league match at Bank Street
15456-408: The club to expand its fan base to those beyond the reach of its Old Trafford stadium. In an initial five-year deal worth £500,000, Sharp Electronics became the club's first shirt sponsor at the beginning of the 1982–83 season, a relationship that lasted until the end of the 1999–2000 season, when Vodafone agreed a four-year, £30 million deal. Vodafone agreed to pay £36 million to extend
15624-415: The club was favourite to win the league but finished in fourth place. The following season, with the club in danger of relegation by November, Atkinson was dismissed. Alex Ferguson and his assistant Archie Knox arrived from Aberdeen on the day of Atkinson's dismissal, and guided the club to an 11th-place finish in the league. Despite a second-place finish in 1987–88 , the club was back in 11th place
15792-818: The club's academy. In November 2024, it was revealed that the majority of fans surveyed are in favour of a new-build rather than redevelopment. Manchester United is one of the most popular football clubs in the world, with one of the highest average home attendances in Europe. The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries. The club takes advantage of this support through its worldwide summer tours. Accountancy firm and sports industry consultants Deloitte estimate that Manchester United has 75 million fans worldwide. The club has
15960-541: The club's first FA Cup title. Mangnall was considered a significant influence behind the team's move to Old Trafford in 1910, and Manchester United won the First Division for the second time in 1911. At the end of the following season, however, Mangnall left the club to join Manchester City . In 1922, three years after the resumption of football following the First World War, the club was relegated to
16128-431: The club's first FA Cup title, Old Trafford was named as the home of Manchester United, following the purchase of land for around £60,000. Architect Archibald Leitch was given a budget of £30,000 for construction; original plans called for seating capacity of 100,000, though budget constraints forced a revision to 77,000. The building was constructed by Messrs Brameld and Smith of Manchester. The stadium's record attendance
16296-403: The club's lowest ever league placing of 20th in the Second Division and the hooped shirt dropped back to being the change. The black socks were changed to white from 1959 to 1965, where they were replaced with red socks up until 1971 with white used on occasion, when the club reverted to black. Black shorts and white socks are sometimes worn with the home strip, most often in away games, if there
16464-427: The club's makeshift side reached the FA Cup final , which they lost to Bolton Wanderers. In recognition of the team's tragedy, UEFA invited the club to compete in the 1958–59 European Cup alongside eventual League champions Wolverhampton Wanderers . Despite approval from The Football Association, The Football League determined that the club should not enter the competition, since it had not qualified. Busby rebuilt
16632-402: The club's nickname "The Red Devils" inspired from Salford Rugby Club ; it was included on club programmes and scarves in the 1960s, and incorporated into the club crest in 1970, although the crest was not included on the chest of the shirt until 1971. In 1975, the red devil (" A devil facing the sinister guardant supporting with both hands a trident gules ") was granted as a heraldic badge by
16800-504: The club's principal sponsor in a four-year deal reputed to be worth approximately £80 million, making it the most lucrative shirt sponsorship deal in football history. Manchester United announced their first training kit sponsor in August 2011, agreeing a four-year deal with DHL reported to be worth £40 million; it is believed to be the first instance of training kit sponsorship in English football. The DHL contract lasted for over
16968-473: The deal by four years, but after two seasons triggered a break clause in order to concentrate on its sponsorship of the Champions League. To commence at the start of the 2006–07 season, American insurance corporation AIG agreed a four-year £56.5 million deal which in September 2006 became the most valuable in the world. At the beginning of the 2010–11 season, American reinsurance company Aon became
17136-495: The death of principal benefactor John Henry Davies in October 1927, the club's finances deteriorated to the extent that Manchester United would likely have gone bankrupt had it not been for James W. Gibson , who, in December 1931, invested £2,000 and assumed control of the club. In the 1938–39 season , the last year of football before the Second World War, the club finished 14th in the First Division. In October 1945,
17304-587: The donation expected to arrive in January 2024. The donation was criticised by Social Democrats TD Jennifer Whitmore because of McManus's tax exile status This followed a previous donation of €100,000 to each county following Limerick's All-Ireland success in 2018. The International Rugby Experience in Limerick was built with the support of the JP McManus Foundation and opened in May 2023. In 2024
17472-400: The earliest matches at North Road, the highest documented attendance was approximately 15,000 for a First Division match against Sunderland on 4 March 1893. A similar attendance was also recorded for a friendly match against Gorton Villa on 5 September 1889. In June 1893, after the club was evicted from North Road by its owners, Manchester Deans and Canons, who felt it was inappropriate for
17640-446: The efficient identification and seizure of yachts, real estate and businesses. On 30 June 2014, The British Virgin Islands was deemed to have an Inter- Governmental Agreement (IGA) with the United States of America with respect to the "Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act" of the United States of America. The Model 1 Agreement (14 Pages) recognizes that: The Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland provided
17808-564: The erection of a new 1,000-seat stand at Bank Street. Within four years, the stadium had cover on all four sides, as well as the ability to hold approximately 50,000 spectators, some of whom could watch from the viewing gallery atop the Main Stand. Following Manchester United's first league title in 1908 and the FA Cup a year later, it was decided that Bank Street was too restrictive for Davies' ambition; in February 1909, six weeks before
17976-435: The final again in 1977 , beating Liverpool 2–1. Docherty was dismissed shortly afterwards, following the revelation of his affair with the club physiotherapist's wife. Dave Sexton replaced Docherty as manager in the summer of 1977. Despite major signings, including Joe Jordan , Gordon McQueen , Gary Bailey , and Ray Wilkins , the team failed to win any trophies; they finished second in 1979–80 and lost to Arsenal in
18144-407: The first English club to win the European Cup in 1968 . After Busby's retirement, Manchester United were unable to produce sustained success until the arrival of Alex Ferguson , who became the club's longest-serving and most successful manager, winning 38 trophies including 13 league titles, five FA Cups and two Champions League titles between 1986 and 2013. In the 1998–99 season , under Ferguson,
18312-513: The first postponement of a Premier League game due to supporter protests in the competition's history. On the pitch, United equalled their own record for the biggest win in Premier League history with a 9–0 win over Southampton on 2 February 2021, but ended the season with defeat on penalties in the UEFA Europa League final against Villarreal , going four straight seasons without a trophy. On 20 November 2021, Solskjær left his role as manager. Former midfielder Michael Carrick took charge for
18480-598: The following season. Reportedly on the verge of being dismissed, Ferguson's job was saved by victory over Crystal Palace in the 1990 FA Cup final . The following season, Manchester United claimed their first UEFA Cup Winners' Cup title. That triumph allowed the club to compete in the European Super Cup for the first time, where United beat European Cup holders Red Star Belgrade 1–0 at Old Trafford . The club appeared in two consecutive League Cup finals in 1991 and 1992 , beating Nottingham Forest 1–0 in
18648-524: The high school or certain other key infrastructure. The territory operates as a parliamentary democracy . Ultimate executive authority in the British Virgin Islands is vested in the King , and is exercised on his behalf by the Governor of the British Virgin Islands . The governor is appointed by the King on the advice of the British Government . Defence and most foreign affairs remain the responsibility of
18816-547: The hills and lower on the coast. Rainfall can be quite variable, but the wettest months on average are September to November and the driest months on average are February and March. Hurricanes occasionally hit the islands, with the Atlantic hurricane season running from June to November. On 6 September 2017, Hurricane Irma struck the islands, causing extensive damage, especially on Tortola, and killing four people. The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency declared
18984-450: The honours. McManus is married to Noreen McManus, and has three children and four grandchildren. His net worth is estimated to be €2.1 billion. He is known to be close friends with golfer Tiger Woods , and his former retained jockey AP McCoy . McManus is also friends with Westlife singer Shane Filan , who he loaned €780,000 to help Filan buy a home after bankruptcy surrounding his property development company in 2012. In 2006, he built
19152-616: The horses, McManus also owns several training and stud facilities including Jackdaws Castle where former champion jockey Jonjo O'Neill trains, and Martinstown Stud in Ireland which has been developed significantly under his stewardship. McManus' daughter, Sue Anne, owns Islanmore Stud in County Limerick. McManus, alongside fellow racing owner and businessman John Magnier , first invested in Manchester United in July 2000 buying 9.8 million shares for around £20million via
19320-457: The impending resumption of football after the war led to the managerial appointment of Matt Busby , who demanded an unprecedented level of control over team selection, player transfers and training sessions. Busby led the team to second-place league finishes in 1947, 1948 and 1949, and to FA Cup victory in 1948 . In 1952, the club won the First Division, its first league title for 41 years. They then won back-to-back league titles in 1956 and 1957;
19488-448: The income of the territory. The majority of this revenue is generated by the licensing of offshore companies and related services. The British Virgin Islands is a significant global player in the offshore financial services industry . Since 2001, financial services in the British Virgin Islands have been regulated by the independent Financial Services Commission . The BVI is relied upon for its sophisticated Commercial Court division of
19656-412: The islands , causing four deaths and immense damage. The British Virgin Islands comprise around 60 tropical Caribbean islands, ranging in size from the largest, Tortola, being 20 km (12 mi) long and 5 km (3 mi) wide, to tiny uninhabited islets , altogether about 150 square kilometres (58 square miles) in extent. They are located in the Virgin Islands archipelago , a few miles east of
19824-595: The islands are inhabited. The capital, Road Town , is on Tortola, the largest island, which is about 20 km (12 mi) long and 5 km (3 mi) wide. The islands had a population of 28,054 at the 2010 Census, of whom 23,491 lived on Tortola; current estimates put the population at 35,802 (July 2018). British Virgin Islanders are British Overseas Territories citizens and since 2002, are also British citizens . The islands were named "Santa Úrsula y las Once Mil Vírgenes" by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after
19992-418: The islands for another two weeks. Entrepreneur Richard Branson , a resident of Necker Island , called on the UK government to develop a massive disaster recovery plan to include "both through short-term aid and long-term infrastructure spending". Premier Orlando Smith also called for a comprehensive aid package to rebuild the territory. On 10 September UK Prime Minister Theresa May pledged £32 million to
20160-515: The islands is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. The twin pillars of the economy are financial services (60%) and tourism (roughly 40-45% of GDP). Economically however, financial services associated with the territory's status as an offshore financial centre are by far the more important. 51.8% of the Government's revenue comes directly from licence fees for offshore companies, and considerable further sums are raised directly or indirectly from payroll taxes relating to salaries paid within
20328-470: The islands. The islands gained separate colony status in 1960 and became autonomous in 1967 under the new post of Chief Minister. Since the 1960s, the islands have diversified away from their traditionally agriculture-based economy towards tourism and financial services, becoming one of the wealthiest areas in the Caribbean. The constitution of the islands was amended in 1977, 2004 and 2007, giving them greater local autonomy. In 2017 Hurricane Irma struck
20496-474: The largest share of the revenue generated from the BSkyB broadcasting deal. Manchester United has also consistently enjoyed the highest commercial income of any English club; in 2005–06, the club's commercial arm generated £51 million, compared to £42.5 million at Chelsea, £39.3 million at Liverpool, £34 million at Arsenal and £27.9 million at Newcastle United. A key sponsorship relationship
20664-505: The leading Italian teams of the era) "captured the imagination of the English footballing public". Busby's team also became associated with the liberalisation of Western society during the 1960s; George Best, known as the " Fifth Beatle " for his iconic haircut, was the first footballer to significantly develop an off-the-field media profile. As the second English football club to float on the London Stock Exchange in 1991,
20832-469: The league – their highest league placing since 2013 – but were still 19 points behind rivals Manchester City. Mourinho also guided the club to a 19th FA Cup final , but they lost 1–0 to Chelsea. On 18 December 2018, with United in sixth place in the Premier League table, 19 points behind leaders Liverpool and 11 points outside the Champions League places, Mourinho was sacked after 144 games in charge. The following day, former United striker Ole Gunnar Solskjær
21000-545: The league, then won the title in 1965 and 1967. In 1968, Manchester United became the first English club to win the European Cup, beating Benfica 4–1 in the final with a team that contained three European Footballers of the Year : Bobby Charlton , Denis Law and George Best. They then represented Europe in the 1968 Intercontinental Cup against Estudiantes of Argentina, but defeat in the first leg in Buenos Aires meant
21168-474: The legend of Saint Ursula and the 11,000 virgins. The name was later shortened to "the Virgin Islands". The official name of the territory is still simply the "Virgin Islands", but the prefix "British" is often used. This is commonly believed to distinguish it from the neighbouring American territory which changed its name from the " Danish West Indies " to " Virgin Islands of the United States " in 1917. However, local historians have disputed this, pointing to
21336-569: The likes of Arsenal , Leeds United and Chelsea . The matches against Manchester City are known as the Manchester derby , as they are the two most important teams in the city of Manchester. It is considered one of the biggest local derbies in British football, particularly after City's rise to prominence in the 2010s and the two clubs fighting for trophies, such as the league title in 2012 and 2013 , as well as two consecutive FA Cup finals in 2023 and 2024 . The rivalry with Liverpool
21504-568: The men who stole the world : "...Britain sits, spider-like, at the centre of a vast international web of tax havens, which hoover up trillions of dollars' worth of business and capital from around the globe and funnel it up to the City of London. The British Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories - ...the British Virgin Islands... are some of the biggest players in the offshore world."(pp. vii-viii) Shaxson points out that despite BVI having fewer than 25000 inhabitants, hosts over 800,000 companies. In
21672-410: The most widely supported football clubs in the world and have rivalries with Liverpool , Manchester City , Arsenal and Leeds United . Manchester United were the highest-earning football club in the world for 2016–17, with an annual revenue of €676.3 million, and the world's third-most-valuable football club in 2019, valued at £3.15 billion ($ 3.81 billion). After being floated on
21840-437: The next three games, before the appointment of Ralf Rangnick as interim manager until the end of the season. On 21 April 2022, Erik ten Hag was appointed as the manager from the end of the 2021–22 season, signing a contract until June 2025 with the option of extending for a further year. Under Ten Hag, Manchester United won the 2022–23 EFL Cup , defeating Newcastle United in the final to end their longest period without
22008-709: The other members of the ruling government as well as the members of the opposition. Elections are held roughly every four years. A cabinet is nominated by the Premier and appointed and chaired by the Governor. The Legislature consists of the King (represented by the Governor) and a unicameral House of Assembly made up of 13 elected members plus the Speaker and the Attorney General . The current Governor
22176-512: The period 1672–1733, the Danish gained control of the nearby islands of Saint Thomas , Saint John and Saint Croix (i.e. the modern US Virgin Islands). The British islands were considered principally a strategic possession. The British introduced sugar cane which was to become the main crop and source of foreign trade, and large numbers of slaves were forcibly brought from Africa to work on
22344-553: The previous year, valuing it at £11 million more than the second best brand, Real Madrid – and gave the brand a strength rating of AAA (Extremely Strong). In July 2012, Manchester United was ranked first by Forbes magazine in its list of the ten most valuable sports team brands, valuing the Manchester United brand at $ 2.23 billion. The club is ranked third in the Deloitte Football Money League (behind Real Madrid and Barcelona). In January 2013,
22512-402: The redevelopment of Old Trafford was underway. This followed "increasing criticism" over the lack of development of the ground since 2006. After the club's takeover by Sir Jim Ratcliffe in 2024, it emerged that plans were being made for the construction of a new, 100,000-capacity stadium near Old Trafford and that the current stadium would be downsized to serve as the home for the women's team and
22680-637: The sale, Glackin's report said Desmond, businessman JP McManus and John Magnier were beneficiaries of the sale. Desmond strenuously disputed Glackin's findings. According to the Glackin Report, Hoddle Investments (the vehicle through which the deal was handled) executed two contracts with Telecom Éireann for the sale of the Johnston Mooney & O'Brien site for an aggregate price of £9.4 million, on 7 May 1990. Glackin concluded that McManus had lent £1.5 million to Chestvale to purchase
22848-404: The second to win that competition for the first time as well. In 1993, in the first season of the newly founded Premier League , the club won their first league title since 1967, and a year later, for the first time since 1957, they won a second consecutive title – alongside the FA Cup – to complete the first " Double " in the club's history. United then became the first English club to do
23016-456: The site from the liquidator in August 1989. McManus made the investment through an AIB account in Jersey in the name of J&N McMahon. Whether this account was to the benefit of John and Noreen McManus was not confirmed as AIB refused to break client confidentiality. The report concluded that McManus was a beneficiary of the sale of the site to Telecom Éireann, and received £500,000 in cash from
23184-467: The squad, who had an average age of 22, were nicknamed "the Busby Babes " by the media, a testament to Busby's faith in his youth players. In 1957, Manchester United became the first English team to compete in the European Cup , despite objections from The Football League, who had denied Chelsea the same opportunity the previous season. En route to the semi-final, which they lost to Real Madrid ,
23352-416: The standard Manchester United home kit. Very few changes were made to the kit until 1922 when the club adopted white shirts bearing a deep red "V" around the neck, similar to the shirt worn in the 1909 FA Cup final . They remained part of their home kits until 1927. For a period in 1934, the cherry and white hooped change shirt became the home colours, but the following season the red shirt was recalled after
23520-451: The start of the 2015–16 season, Adidas has manufactured Manchester United's kit as part of a world-record 10-year deal worth a minimum of £750 million. Plumbing products manufacturer Kohler became the club's first sleeve sponsor ahead of the 2018–19 season. Manchester United and General Motors did not renew their sponsorship deal, and the club subsequently signed a five-year, £235 million sponsorship deal with TeamViewer ahead of
23688-484: The sugar cane plantations. The islands prospered economically until the middle of the nineteenth century, when a combination of the abolition of slavery in the British Empire in 1834, a series of disastrous hurricanes, and the growth in the sugar beet crop in Europe and the United States significantly reduced sugar cane production and led to a period of economic decline. In 1917, the United States purchased
23856-553: The team played its "home" games at Manchester City's Maine Road ground; Manchester United was charged £5,000 per year, plus a nominal percentage of gate receipts. Later improvements included the addition of roofs, first to the Stretford End and then to the North and East Stands. The roofs were supported by pillars that obstructed many fans' views, and they were eventually replaced with a cantilevered structure. The Stretford End
24024-749: The team recorded a 10–0 victory over Belgian champions Anderlecht , which remains the club's biggest victory on record. The following season, on the way home from a European Cup quarter-final victory against Red Star Belgrade , the aircraft carrying the Manchester United players, officials and journalists crashed while attempting to take off after refuelling in Munich, Germany. The Munich air disaster of 6 February 1958 claimed 23 lives, including those of eight players – Geoff Bent , Roger Byrne , Eddie Colman , Duncan Edwards , Mark Jones , David Pegg , Tommy Taylor and Billy Whelan – and injured several more. Assistant manager Jimmy Murphy took over as manager while Busby recovered from his injuries and
24192-583: The team through the 1960s by signing players such as Denis Law and Pat Crerand , who combined with the next generation of youth players – including George Best – to win the FA Cup in 1963 . Busby rested several key players for the League game before the Cup Final which gave Dennis Walker the chance to make his debut against Nottingham Forest on 20 May. Walker thus became the first Black player to represent United. The following season, they finished second in
24360-776: The teams challenge at the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship in Scotland alongside professional Padraig Harrington . His son, Kieran, also has two victories in the tournament in 2009 and 2014. McManus has also competed in the BMW PGA Championship Pro-Am at Wentworth, where in 2023 his handicap was declared at 18. In 2008, McManus founded the All Ireland Scholarships scheme which offers financial support across Ireland for 125 students each year. McManus also has
24528-425: The territory's Constitutional Commission has expressed the view that "every effort should be made" to encourage the use of the name "Virgin Islands". But various public and quasi-public bodies continue to use the name "British Virgin Islands" or "BVI", including BVI Finance, BVI Electricity Corporation, BVI Tourist Board, BVI Athletic Association, BVI Bar Association and others. In 1968 the British Government issued
24696-517: The third highest social media following in the world among sports teams (after Barcelona and Real Madrid), with over 82 million Facebook followers as of July 2023. A 2014 study showed that Manchester United had the loudest fans in the Premier League. Supporters are represented by two independent bodies; the Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association (IMUSA), which maintains close links to
24864-422: The tournament moved to Adare Manor where the event raised €31m for 56 charities. Professional golfers including Tiger Woods, Ernie Els and Davis Love III played alongside stars such as Michael Owen and actor Peter Gallagher . Returning in 2010, with Woods and a star cast of professionals and celebrities the event raised a record €43.7m. The tournament was on hiatus until 2022, with Xander Schauffele taking
25032-406: The transaction, which Dermot Desmond had stored in a tennis holdall in his safe. At paragraph 5.4.4 of the report, Glackin concludes that: "I am satisfied, on a basis that I believe is reasonable, that Mr. McManus was promised by Mr. Desmond as his consideration for the advance a share of the profits and that this was either agreed in advance or during the period between 29th June 1990 when the money
25200-491: The trophy for a record 11th time. In the 2005–06 season , Manchester United failed to qualify for the knockout phase of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in over a decade, but recovered to secure a second-place league finish and victory over Wigan Athletic in the 2006 Football League Cup final . The club regained the Premier League title in the 2006–07 season, before completing the European double in 2007–08 with
25368-511: The trust industry sector (which tend to be higher on average than those paid in the tourism sector). The official currency of the British Virgin Islands has been the United States dollar (US$ ) since 1959, the currency also used by the United States Virgin Islands . The British Virgin Islands enjoys one of the more prosperous economies of the Caribbean region, with a per capita average income of around $ 47,000 (2022 est.) Although it
25536-499: The two biggest clubs in England by France Football magazine based on metrics such as fanbase and historical importance, matches between Manchester United and Liverpool are considered to be the most famous fixture in English football and one of the biggest rivalries in the football world. No player has been transferred between the clubs since 1964. Former Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson said in 2002, "My greatest challenge
25704-408: The value of which is driven by television exposure. During his time with the club, Beckham's popularity across Asia was integral to the club's commercial success in that part of the world. Because higher league placement results in a greater share of television rights, success on the field generates greater income for the club. Since the inception of the Premier League, Manchester United has received
25872-594: Was a self-confessed tax exile out of Ireland and therefore – despite McManus's sworn affidavits to the contrary – not a legal resident of Ireland in 2012. Following donations in 2018 and 2023 to the GAA, McManus faced criticism from journalist Mick Clifford who compared him, unfavourably, to an absentee landlord . The 2023 donation was also criticised by former Gaelic football player and commentator, Joe Brolly , who characterised it as an "act of self defense" to deflect from criticism of McManus' tax exile status. The donation
26040-443: Was also criticised by Newstalk journalist, Shane Coleman, and political party, People Before Profit . After McManus won the rights to host the 2027 Ryder Cup at Adare Manor, he wrote to Limerick City and County Council objecting to proposals to impose property tax on a plot with residential zoning in the estate arguing that the land in question is earmarked for a Ryder Cup bus terminal and should therefore not be taxed. McManus
26208-511: Was appointed as caretaker manager until the end of the season. On 28 March 2019, after winning 14 of his first 19 matches in charge, Solskjær was appointed permanent manager on a three-year deal. On 18 April 2021, Manchester United announced they were joining 11 other European clubs as founding members of the European Super League , a proposed 20-team competition intended to rival the UEFA Champions League. The announcement drew
26376-420: Was appointed as manager, but lasted less than 18 months before being replaced by Tommy Docherty in December 1972. Docherty saved Manchester United from relegation that season, only to see them relegated in 1974; by that time the trio of Best, Law, and Charlton had left the club. The team won promotion at the first attempt and reached the FA Cup final in 1976 , but were beaten by Southampton . They reached
26544-487: Was appointed in his place on 27 May 2016. Mourinho signed a three-year contract, and in his first season won the FA Community Shield , EFL Cup and UEFA Europa League . Wayne Rooney scored his 250th goal for United, a stoppage-time equaliser in a league game against Stoke City in January 2017, surpassing Sir Bobby Charlton as the club's all-time top scorer. The following season, United finished second in
26712-471: Was by the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus in 1493 on his second voyage to the Americas, who gave the islands their modern name. The Spanish Empire claimed the islands by discovery in the early 16th century, but never settled them, and subsequent years saw the English, Dutch, French, Spanish, and Danish all jostling for control of the region, which became a notorious haunt for pirates . There
26880-597: Was diagnosed with cancer in late 2008 and after receiving treatment in the United States, he was said to have recovered well. In 1991, an Irish company law inspector, solicitor John Glackin, was appointed by the Irish Government to investigate complicated dealings involving Dermot Desmond and the purchase and sale of the former Johnston Mooney and O'Brien site in Ballsbridge , Dublin, to Telecom Éireann . While Desmond represented himself as an intermediary in
27048-607: Was knocking Liverpool right off their fucking perch". The "Roses Rivalry" with Leeds stems from the Wars of the Roses , fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York , with Manchester United representing Lancashire and Leeds representing Yorkshire. The rivalry with Arsenal arose from the numerous times the two teams battled for the Premier League title, especially under managers Alex Ferguson and Arsène Wenger , who also had
27216-527: Was merely an emigrant who set up a business abroad. In 2012, McManus won $ 17.4 million gambling in the United States, of which $ 5.2 million was retained as income tax by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). In 2016, The Irish Times reported that he was seeking a refund of the tax on the basis of the United States' double taxation treaty with Ireland; the IRS stated that McManus
27384-499: Was played against Burnley on 1 September 1893, when 10,000 people saw Alf Farman score a hat-trick , Newton Heath's only goals in a 3–2 win. The remaining stands were completed for the following league game against Nottingham Forest three weeks later. In October 1895, before the visit of Manchester City, the club purchased a 2,000-capacity stand from the Broughton Rangers rugby league club, and put up another stand on
27552-556: Was received from Telecom, and 19th July 1990 when the request was made to Ansbacher for the first cash withdrawal of £100,000. I can find no evidence that any other person received any of the cash of £500,000 and find accordingly that it was received by Mr. McManus." No criminal charges were made against McManus or the other principals involved resulting from the findings of the Glackin Report. Manchester United F.C. Manchester United Football Club , commonly referred to as Man United (often stylised as Man Utd ) or simply United ,
27720-551: Was registered on 25 March 1939, when an FA Cup semi-final between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Grimsby Town drew 76,962 spectators. Bombing in the Second World War destroyed much of the stadium; the central tunnel in the South Stand was all that remained of that quarter. After the war, the club received compensation from the War Damage Commission in the amount of £22,278. While reconstruction took place,
27888-420: Was supported by the European Tour . This led to major golfers including Jim Colbert , Bob Murphy and Tom Wargo from the PGA Senior Tour taking part. The final event at Limerick Golf Club took place in 2000, where 15,000 fans watched as professionals such as Tiger Woods and Padraig Harrington played alongside celebrities including Sir Alex Ferguson and Formula One team boss Eddie Jordan . For 2005,
28056-495: Was the last stand to receive a cantilevered roof, completed in time for the 1993–94 season . First used on 25 March 1957 and costing £40,000, four 180-foot (55 m) pylons were erected, each housing 54 individual floodlights. These were dismantled in 1987 and replaced by a lighting system embedded in the roof of each stand, which remains in use today. The Taylor Report 's requirement for an all-seater stadium lowered capacity at Old Trafford to around 44,000 by 1993. In 1995,
28224-453: Was with sportswear company Nike , who managed the club's merchandising operation as part of a £303 million 13-year partnership between 2002 and 2015. Through Manchester United Finance and the club's membership scheme, One United, those with an affinity for the club can purchase a range of branded goods and services. Additionally, Manchester United-branded media services – such as the club's dedicated television channel, MUTV – have allowed
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