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32-587: Janov may refer to: Places [ edit ] Czech Republic [ edit ] Janov (Bruntál District) , a town in the Moravian-Silesian Region Janov (Děčín District) , a municipality and village in the Ústí nad Labem Region Janov (Rakovník District) , a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region Janov (Rychnov nad Kněžnou District) ,

64-473: A free mining town by bishop Stanislav I Thurzo . It was assumed that there are rich deposits of precious metals around the town and its mining will bring prosperity and wealth. Although the assumptions were not met and the mining ended in 1581, the already granted privileges helped the development of Janov and gave the town an urban character. The prosperity ended with the Thirty Years' War , when Janov

96-793: A municipality and village in the Hradec Králové Region Janov (Svitavy District) , a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region Janov nad Nisou , a municipality and village in the Liberec Region Janov, a village and part of Kočov in the Plzeň Region Janov, a village and part of Kosova Hora in the Central Bohemian Region Janov, a town part of Litvínov in the Ústí nad Labem Region Janov,

128-575: A municipality and village in the Prešov Region People [ edit ] Arthur Janov , American psychologist Janov's warnings named after him Matthias of Janov , Bohemian ecclesiastical writer Fictional [ edit ] Janov Pelorat , a character in the Foundation Series of books by Isaac Asimov See also [ edit ] Janów (disambiguation) Yaniv (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

160-616: A new post office was established in 1748. During the 19th century, industrialisation took place. In 1823–1826, the town fortifications were demolished, new public buildings were built, and many textile factories were established. Bruntál became the centre of textile industry of Czech Silesia . The railway was opened in 1872. According to the Austrian census of 1910 the town had 8,066 inhabitants, out of which 7,939 (99.7%) were German-speaking. Jews were not allowed to declare Yiddish as their native language, thus most of them professed

192-512: A surface area of 5 ha (12 acres) lies in the northern part of the municipal territory. The Karlovec exclave is located on the banks of the Slezská Harta Reservoir , about 5 km (3 mi) southeast of the town centre. The most remarkable geological site in the municipal territory of the town is Uhlířský vrch. Uhlířský vrch is a stratovolcano ( compositive volcano ) formed by both explosive and effusive eruptions, and

224-575: A village and part of Mladá Vožice in the South Bohemian Region Janov, a village and part of Nový Bor in the Liberec Region Janov, a village and part of Roudná in the South Bohemian Region Janov, a village and part of Staré Hobzí in the South Bohemian Region Italy [ edit ] Janov, Czech and Slovak exonym for Genoa Slovakia [ edit ] Janov, Prešov District ,

256-524: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Janov (Brunt%C3%A1l District) Janov is located about 28 kilometres (17 mi) north of Bruntál and 72 kilometres (45 mi) northwest of Ostrava . It is situated in the Osoblažsko microregion, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Zlatohorská Highlands . The highest point of

288-536: Is located on the railway line Ostrava – Olomouc . There are five kindergartens, six primary schools (including one special primary school for children with intellectual disability ), and three high schools. Art education is provided by the elementary art school. Another educational facility is the Leisure Time Centre. This facility is aimed at providing various leisure activities for children of all ages and adults. The sorts of activities offered by

320-561: Is thus composed of pyroclastic rocks , of which 40–80% consist of lapilli , 10–50% consist of volcanic bombs and the rest, volcanic ash . It is one of the youngest extinct volcanoes in the Czech Republic. The first written mention of Bruntál is in the Uničov Charter issued by King Ottokar I in 1223. According to the charter, Bruntál was founded probably by Vladislaus Henry around 1213 and granted Magdeburg rights . Being

352-561: Is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone . The area of the former village of Karlovec is an administrative part of Bruntál. It forms an exclave of the municipal territory. The original German name Freudenthal means "valley of joy" and refers to the town's location in a valley. The Czech name was later created by transcribing the German name. Bruntál is located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Olomouc and 55 km (34 mi) northwest of Ostrava , in

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384-717: The Potsdam Agreement and resettled by Czechs. In the 1950s, the textile industry ended and was replaced by new industrial enterprises. The largest employer with the headquarters in the town is the Czech branch of the Osram company, a manufacturer of electric lights. Bruntál lies at the crossroads of two main roads: the I/11 (the section from Opava to Šumperk ) and the I/45 (connecting Krnov with Olomouc District ). Bruntál

416-632: The 16th century, the character of the town changed as it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style and better fortified by building new bastions. In 1621, the estate was confiscated from Jan IV of Vrbno and Bruntál for his participation in the Bohemian Revolt and given to the Teutonic Order . Forced re-Catholicization took place in the following years. During the Thirty Years' War , the town was repeatedly looted and severely damaged, and

448-632: The Dukes of Krnov in 1506 and established the Bruntál estate. The Lords of Vrbno and Bruntál were steadily stripping the town of its privileges and forced local inhabitants into corvée labour and religious conversion to Lutheranism . These encroachments upon town privileges and the liberties of its citizens resulted in an unsuccessful rebellion against Jan the Elder of Vrbno and Bruntál in 1556. Despite political decline Bruntál's economy flourished under

480-679: The German language. The most populous religious group was the Roman Catholics with 7,725 (95.8%), followed by the Protestants with 229 (2.8%), and the Jews with 97 (1.2%). Until 1918, Bruntál was part of Austria-Hungary , in a district by the same name, one of the eight Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Austrian Silesia . After World War I , Bruntál became part of the newly established Czechoslovakia , which led to riots by

512-634: The German majority. Czech families began to come to the town and a large minority was gradually formed. German nationalism gained many sympathizers among German inhabitants of Bruntál, which was reflected in an attempted uprising in September 1938. After signing the Munich Agreement on 29 September 1938, Bruntál was occupied by Nazi Germany . From 1938 to 1945, it was part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland . During World War II ,

544-700: The Germans operated a Gestapo prison in the town, the E339 and E352 forced labour subcamps of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp , a forced labour camp for Jews , and a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp for women. The town was liberated by the Soviet Red Army on 7 May 1945, and then restored to Czechoslovakia. The German population was expelled in accordance to

576-459: The Leisure Time Centre vary from sports (belly dancing, volleyball, gymnastics, etc.) to pottery or playing musical instruments. The most important monument is Bruntál Castle. The original Gothic fortress from the end of the 15th century was rebuilt into a Renaissance residence in the second half of the 16th century, and then baroque rebuilt in 1766–1769. It has an atypical floor plan with a triangular courtyard with arcades. The valuable equipment of

608-636: The development of crafts. Bruntál was owned by various branches of the Přemyslid dynasty almost continuously until 1474. It was owned by the Margraves of Moravia in 1213–1318, by the Dukes of Opava in 1318–1377, and by the Dukes of Krnov in 1377–1474 except for the years 1384–1390, when it was owned by Vladislaus II of Opole . In 1474, during the Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478) , Bruntál

640-572: The first settlement in Czech lands to be granted Magdeburg rights, Bruntál was an appellate court for all cities endowed with Magdeburg rights in Northern Moravia (including Olomouc and Opava ) until 1352. The reasons behind the founding of the city probably included utilising mineral ore deposits in the region, as well as thwarting colonization by the Bishops of Wrocław . Bruntál

672-522: The historical region of Czech Silesia . It lies in the Nízký Jeseník range. The town lies in a valley surrounded by several hills. The highest point is the hill Uhlířský vrch at 672 m (2,205 ft) above sea level. The Černý Creek with its tributaries, the Bukový, Kobylí and Vodárenský creeks, flows through Bruntál. The Kobylí Pond is located in the middle of the town. Bukový fish pond with

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704-524: The municipal territory is on the slopes of Solný vrch Hill at 860 m (2,820 ft) above sea level. The town is situated in the valley of the Osoblaha River. Janov was probably founded in 1251 by Bishop Bruno von Schauenburg as an agricultural forest village. From its inception until 1588, Janov was part of the Osoblaha estate, owned by the bishops of Olomouc . In 1535, it was promoted to

736-431: The original interiors with a picture collection, armory and library has been preserved. Today the castle houses the regional museum and its premises are also used for cultural and social events. The castle includes a castle park from the 16th century, on an area of more than 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres). In the park there are the remains of the town fortifications, a salla terrena from 1894, and eleven sandstone sculptures from

768-562: The premises of the town hall. On the right bank of the Osoblaha there is a linden tree that can be up to 1000 years old. It is one of the oldest and largest trees in the country. Brunt%C3%A1l Bruntál ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈbruntaːl] ; German : Freudenthal ) is a town in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 15,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre

800-480: The reigns of the Lords of Vrbno and Bruntál. Thank to the privileges granted by Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria in 1535 and 1558, and by Rudolf II in 1577, the town hosted several markets each year and new guilds emerged. The expanded mining industry, backed by the Lords of Vrbno, led to the founding of several neighbouring towns, including Andělská Hora around 1550, and Vrbno pod Pradědem in 1611. During

832-498: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Janov . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janov&oldid=1172774213 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

864-574: The turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. The parish Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary dates from the second half of the 13th century. In 1729–1731, two chapels were added. The church was baroque reconstructed after the fires in 1749 and 1764, and the tower was raised. The former Piarist monastery with the Church of Our Lady of Consolation was built in 1731–1752. Today it is used by

896-609: The western corner of the square there is the late Baroque Church of the Holy Trinity built in 1780–1783, with a cemetery located on the grounds. In the middle of the square are the Mining Memorial erected for the 650th anniversary of the town and the baroque statue of the Virgin Mary Immaculate from 1739. The cemetery includes two valuable chapels from the 19th century. A regional museum is located on

928-428: Was occupied by the armed forces of Matthias Corvinus who gave the town as a pledge to his supporter, Jan of Vrbno. Despite being only a possessor of the town, Jan of Vrbno started to style himself of Vrbno and Bruntál from 1476 onwards. Sons of Jan of Vrbno and Bruntál (Bernard, Hynek, and Mikuláš) managed to secure an allodial title (ownership) to the town together with neighbouring villages and mines from

960-430: Was also hit by a fire in 1643 and by plague epidemics in 1633 and 1647. Bruntál recovered economically from the war damage during the rule of Johann Caspar von Ampringen , but lost its former importance and wealth. During the 18th century several disasters befell the town, such as the plagues of 1714 and 1739, and the great fires of 1748 and 1764. Nevertheless, many new baroque buildings were built during this period and

992-401: Was founded as a mining town and the mining of precious metals and later iron ore in its vicinity was the main source of its prosperity until the 17th century. This fact was also reflected in the coat of arms, which already contains the figure of a miner in its oldest known image on a document from 1287. In addition to mining the town's economic growth was aided by its location on a trade route and

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1024-655: Was occupied by the Swedish army . In 1741 during the War of the Austrian Succession , the town was burned down by Prussians. However, the town recovered. In 1938, Janov was annexed by the Nazi Germany . After World War II , the German population was expelled and the town depopulated. There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality. The square is considered architecturally valuable. In

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