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30-665: The Juma Sustainable Development Reserve (Juma RDS) is in the municipality of Novo Aripuanã in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 589,611 hectares (1,456,960 acres). The Mariepauá River , a tributary of the Madeira River , defines the western boundary of the reserve, and the Acari River defines the eastern boundary. The reserve extends north to the Madeira. The northern part of the Aripuanã River runs through

60-510: A Capuchin friar , visiting two native villages, one of Tapuyusús Indians which he bribed, and another of Tapajós Indians, who refused to trade men for goods. In September 1629, Teixeira besieged the English Fort of Taurege , where he defeated two enemy sorties and on 24 October 1629 the help that was sent to relieved the fort's forces, with the garrison led by James Pursell surrendering in the same day and being sent to Belém . This earned

90-578: A Portuguese conquistador and military officer, who became, in 1637, the first European to travel up and down the entire length of the Amazon River , he also headed the government of the captaincy of Pará in two different periods, one in 1620-1621 and another in 1640–1641. Teixeira was born either in 1570 or 1585 at the Vila of Cantanhede , born to a noble family, he was a Knight of the Order of Christ and

120-768: A Portuguese nobleman in service of the royal family, he married Ana Cunha in Praia, Azores , daughter of Sargento-Mor Diogo de Campos Moreno , with whom Teixeira fought together in Maranhão First arriving in Brazil on 1607, Teixeira participated in Portugal's campaign against French Maranhão , he fought in the Battle of Guaxenduba and distinguished himself commanding either the fort of Natividade or Santa Maria . Because of Teixeira and other Portuguese who pushed into

150-540: A canoe up the entire length of the river to the Portuguese settlement of Gurupá, from where they left to Belém, and later to São Luís . Their arrival led the Portuguese to seriously consider an expedition against the current of the Amazon River. Consequently, the governor of Maranhão , Jácome Raimundo de Noronha, commissioned an expedition with the goal of discovering the river all the way to Quito , learning

180-839: A few clergymen, and 1,200 Natives, his guide was the friar Domingos de La Brieba. In January 1638, the expedition found the mouth of the Rio Negro , and on 3 July 1638 the mouth of the Napo River , finally reaching the Quijos river on 15 August 1638, crossing the Spanish settlement of Baeza , and from there arrived in Quito in September 1638. Completed the initial journey, on 16 February 1639, Teixeira and his expedition left Quito for Belém. Six months later, on 16 August 1639, they founded

210-662: A reprisal on 26 October 1629, led by the English Captain, Roger North , who attacked Teixeira in the Fort of Santo Antônio in Gurupá, where Teixeira triumphed and rebuked the English assault, North, defeated left to found the fort of Camaú . In 1637, two Franciscan friars, André de Toledo and Domingos de La Brieba, under threats from nearby natives, abandoned their mission on the Amazon River and, with six soldiers, paddled

240-648: Is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Amazonas . The region was originally inhabited by the Toras, Barés, Muras, Urupás, Araras and other indigenous peoples. The first records of European penetration to the Madeira River are from 1637, when Pedro Teixeira travelled from Belém to Quito in Ecuador . The municipality of Novo Aripuanã was created by state law 96 of 19 December 1955 from parts of

270-459: Is estimated that as of 2007 over 17% of the original Amazon forest had been lost, and that deforestation was accelerating. A simulation model by Soares-Filho and others projected 30% loss by 2050, causing the release of huge volumes of greenhouse gas. In a "business as usual" scenario, paving the BR-319 and AM-174 highways will result in the loss of large areas of forest. The Juma RDS was created by

300-537: Is later given the position by the Governor of Brazil, and immediately gave orders for Teixeira to leave and lead another expedition against the natives. In 1623, he commanded a large-scale operation to destroy the Dutch fort of Mariocai , where he and Bento Maciel Parente raised the fort of Santo Antônio to protect the surrounding area against foreign incursions, the settlement around the fort would later be known as

330-519: Is one of the most important in the Amazon region for conservation of biodiversity, with a unique formation of flora including about 242 species. There are 21 species of primates, the highest level of diversity in the world. Three new species of fish have been found, two in the Mariepaua River . 400 species of bird have been identified, and it is estimated that the total may be as many as 600. It

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360-566: The 283,117 hectares (699,600 acres) Rio Madeira Sustainable Development Reserve , created in 2006. It contains the 589,611 hectares (1,456,960 acres) Juma Sustainable Development Reserve , created in 2006 to support sustainable extraction of forest resources by the traditional population. It contains 67% of the Campos Amazônicos National Park , a 961,318 hectares (2,375,470 acres) protected area created in 2006 that protects an unusual enclave of cerrado vegetation in

390-456: The 896,411 hectares (2,215,080 acres) Acari National Park , which was created at the same time. The municipality contains about 74% of the 751,302 hectares (1,856,510 acres) Aripuanã National Forest , a sustainable development unit also created at that time. Pedro Teixeira Pedro Teixeira (b.1570-1585 - d.4 July 1641), occasionally referred to as the Conqueror of the Amazon , was

420-508: The Amazon rainforest. It contains the 72,296 hectares (178,650 acres) Guariba State Park , created in 2005. It contains 28% of the 150,465 hectares (371,810 acres) Guariba Extractive Reserve , also created in 2005. The municipality contains about 45% of the 359,138 hectares (887,450 acres) Manicoré Biological Reserve , created by decree in May 2016 in the week before the provisional removal of president Dilma Rousseff . It also contains 29% of

450-611: The English commander Philip Pursell, both of whom were killed by Teixeira's forces in Tucujus, in the same month he stops a new attempt by the Dutch to occupy the islands in the Amazon Delta and on 21 October 1625 he defeated the Dutch in the fort of Taurege ( Tourege/Torrego ), expelling the Dutch from their holdings in the Amazon basin. In 1626, Manuel de Sousa d'Eça , Capitão-Mor of Pará, ordered Pedro Teixeira to procure native slaves. Teixeira left Belém with 26 soldiers and

480-580: The best places to establish fortifications, securing through the good conduct of the expeditionaries and small gifts the peace and friendship of the indigenous tribes, and founding a settlement to mark the limit, in the Amazon, of Portuguese control. And so did Pedro Teixeira. On 25 July 1637 Pedro Teixeira's fleet arrived in Guajará, from where it left to Cametá to secure more crewmates and ships, with everything ready Teixeira left on 28 October 1637, his expedition consisted of 47 large canoes, with 70 soldiers,

510-594: The city of Belém . On 9 August 1616, by orders of Francisco Caldeira, he left with two armed canoes to fight the Dutch and English, which had established positions in the northern shore of the Amazon River, where he captured a Dutch ship in the Xingu estuary and brought its artillery guns to Belém. In 1617, he also led attacks against the Tupinambás, aiding an ongoing campaign by Portuguese settlers in Maranhão, with

540-512: The city of Belém on 12 December 1639, for his merits he was promoted to Capitão-Mor . He accepted the post of governor of Pará on 28 February 1640, a position in which he would remain in for a year and three months, until 26 May 1641. He died on 4 July 1641. His ashes rest on the Belém Metropolitan Cathedral in the city of Belém. Teixeira's grand expedition and the founding of the settlement of Franciscana to mark

570-545: The depths of the Amazon, Portugal was able to obtain far more of South America from their Spanish competitors than the Treaty of Tordesillas had granted in 1494. Teixeira's expedition became the first simultaneously to travel up and down the Amazon River. He was called by the Indian natives Curiua-Catu , meaning The Good and Friendly White Man . Pedro Teixeira was part of Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco 's expedition to found

600-519: The goal of a clearing a land road between Belém and São Luis . In 1620, when Custodio Valente , the Capitão-Mor in charge of Pará left for Portugal. Teixeira, his adjunct, became interim governor of the Captaincy. During this period, Bento Maciel Parente made an attempt to take the captaincy for himself by force, but facing resistance by Pedro Teixeira, left for Maranhão. However, Parente

630-842: The government of Amazonas as part of an effort to prevent this happening. The potential loss of revenue from forestry was offset by funds from the Juma REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) Project, the first such to be implemented under the State Policy on Climate Change. The project was implemented in 2008 by the Fundação Amazonas Sustentável with the help of the Amazonas Department of Environment and Sustainable Development and financial support from Marriott International hotel group. The Juma Sustainable Development Reserve

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660-533: The municipalities of Borba and Manicoré. It contained the district of Foz do Aripuanã with the sub-districts of Alvorada, Manicorezinho and Itapinima, and the district of Sumaúma with the sub-districts of Alvorada, Manicorezinho and Itapinima. The town of Foz do Aripuanã was elevated to the status of a city, named Novo Aripuanã. The first prefect of the municipality, Wilson Paula de Sá, took office on 10 February 1956. Novo Aripuanã has an area of 41.191 square kilometres (15.904 sq mi). The population as of 2020

690-484: The reserve before entering the Madeira near the municipal seat of Novo Aripuanã. The Arauá River , a tributary of the Aripuanã, also runs north through the reserve. The Aripuanã National Forest is to the south of the reserve. The AM-360/AM-174 highway from Apui to Novo Aripuanã runs through the south east portion of the reserve. An ordinance of 12 November 2007 recognised that there were 157 families of small farmers in

720-402: The reserve. There are about 11 communities in the reserve engaging in farming, logging, gold mining and extraction of copaiba oil. There are signs of farming dating back 1,500 to 2,000 years. Ceramics and tools such as axes have been found in archaeological sites. The region is threatened by the advance of soy plantations and logging, and by the planned construction of two hydroelectric plants on

750-648: The settlement of Franciscana , whose name was chosen in honor of the Franciscan friars whose initial journey served as the impetus for Teixeira's expedition, on the River Ouro (theorized to be the Aguarico River ). Of Franciscana little remains to this day, and the Portuguese didn't manage to keep that border, with it later being fixed on the Javary River . Teixeira's expedition arrived back in

780-518: The town of Gurupá . He also lead several more campaigns and expeditions in the Amazon defeating the Dutch in their forts of Orange and Nassau , both in the Xingu River , and on 23 May 1625 assaulted the shared Dutch and English fortress of Mandiatuba ( Maniutuba? ) on the Xingu River , facing the forces of Dutch commander Nicolau Ouaden, who briefly fled to the Island of Tucujus where he and

810-521: The upper Aripuanã in Mato Grosso, which would have a profound impact on the biota and landscape. The Juma RDS is drained by the clear water Aripuanã River, one of the largest tributaries of the Madeira. It contains dense lowland rainforest, dense submontane rainforest, dense alluvial rainforest, floodplain forest with clear water ( várzea ) or black water ( igapó ) and pioneer formations with fluvial or lacustrine influence. The Aripuanã River region

840-402: Was 26,046. The seat of the municipality is located where the Aripuanã River merges into the Madeira River . The municipality contains 8% of the 2,467,244 hectares (6,096,690 acres) Apuí Mosaic , a jointly-managed collection of conservation units. It contains the 83,381 hectares (206,040 acres) Manicoré State Forest , a sustainable use conservation unit created in 2005. It contains 39% of

870-507: Was created by state decree 26.010 on 3 July 2006. It is administered by the Centro Estadual de Unidades de Conservação do Amazonas. The purpose is to conserve nature and the conditions needed to sustain and improve the way of life of the traditional population, and to enhance, preserve and improve the traditional population's knowledge and techniques for managing the environment and exploiting natural resources. The deliberative council

900-606: Was created on 17 July 2009. The management plan was published in March 2010. It was approved on 22 September 2010. Some of the funding from the REDD program will be used to support the local population, a marginalised and vulnerable group that depends on the forest for survival. The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program . Novo Aripuan%C3%A3 Novo Aripuanã

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