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55-547: The King Edward Quay was built in 1901 to 1903 as King Edward Wharf for cargo ships, but the port area began to change in the 1970s as port activity moved to the new Port of Montreal . By the 1990s King Edward Quay was re-developed along with the rest of the Old Port. [REDACTED] Media related to Montreal Science Centre at Wikimedia Commons 45°30′18″N 73°33′00″W  /  45.505°N 73.55°W  / 45.505; -73.55 This article related to

110-590: A centre for goods transportation. The project is supported by the Metropolitan Community and its activities are financially supported by Québec's Finance and Economy Ministry, Executive Council Ministry, the Montreal Metropolitan Community and all Cargo Montreal members, while Transport Canada is a participant. The port serves a variety of North America markets. In 2012, 74.1% of the port's containerized cargo traffic

165-657: A museum in Canada is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Montreal -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Port of Montreal The Port of Montreal ( French : Port de Montréal ) ( ACI Canadian Port Code: 0395 , UN/LOCODE : CA MTR ) is a cruise and transshipment point. It is located on the St. Lawrence River in Montreal, Québec , Canada . The port operates as an international container port. It services Toronto ,

220-467: A voluntary environmental program for the maritime industry in Canada and the United States. Green Marine addresses environmental issues such as greenhouse gases, cargo residues, conflict of use (noise, dust, odours, luminous pollution), water and soil pollution prevention, and environmental leadership. In Green Marine's most recent progress report, on a scale of 1 to 5, where Level 5 corresponds to

275-419: Is 1,344,200 square kilometres (518,998.5 sq mi), of which 839,200 km (324,016.9 sq mi) is in Canada and 505,000 km (194,981.6 sq mi) is in the United States. The basin covers parts of Ontario and Quebec in Canada, parts of Minnesota , Wisconsin , Illinois , Indiana , Ohio , Pennsylvania , New York , Vermont , and nearly the entirety of the state of Michigan in

330-603: Is also a port for cruise ships . The port is operated by the Montreal Port Authority. As of 2024 it is estimated the port's activities support an estimated 600,000 jobs directly and indirectly across Montreal and Quebec. The port originated in the historic area now known as the Old Port of Montreal . Over the years, the Port of Montreal expanded eastward along the waterfront. In 1978, the Port of Montreal ceded

385-655: Is dominated by the West End Gang , which use it for drug smuggling. Over a 8 month period in 2000, the West End Gang smuggled in 260 kilograms of cocaine via the Port of Montreal. In 2001, the Liberal Senator Colin Kenny said of his visit to the port of Montreal that it reminded him of the 1954 film On The Waterfront . Kenny told the journalists Julian Sher and William Marsden: "We were looking at each other, wondering when Karl Malden

440-607: Is now Canada and gave the river names such as the Grand fleuve de Hochelaga and the Grande rivière du Canada , where fleuve and rivière are two French words ( fleuve being a river that flows into the sea). The river's present name has been used since 1604 when it was recorded on a map by Samuel de Champlain Champlain opted for the names Grande riviere de sainct Laurens and Fleuve sainct Laurens in his writings, supplanting

495-606: Is often cited by scientists as the largest in the world. Significant natural landmarks of the river and estuary include the 1,864 river islands of the Thousand Islands , the endangered whales of Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park , and the limestone monoliths of the Mingan Archipelago . Long a transportation route to Indigenous peoples , the St. Lawrence River has played a key role in the history of Canada and in

550-588: Is that country's sixth oldest surviving European place-name. The earliest regular Europeans in the area were the Basques , who came to the St Lawrence Gulf and River in pursuit of whales from the early 16th century. The Basque whalers and fishermen traded with indigenous Americans and set up settlements, leaving vestiges all over the coast of eastern Canada and deep into the St. Lawrence River. Basque commercial and fishing activity reached its peak before

605-524: Is the second longest river in Canada. Lake Champlain and the Ottawa , Richelieu , Saint-Maurice , Saint-François , Chaudière and Saguenay rivers drain into the St. Lawrence. The St. Lawrence River is in a seismically active zone where fault reactivation is believed to occur along late Proterozoic to early Paleozoic normal faults related to the opening of the Iapetus Ocean . The faults in

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660-694: The Armada Invencible ' s disaster (1588), when the Basque whaling fleet was confiscated by King Philip II of Spain . Initially, the whaling galleons from Labourd were not affected by the Spanish defeat. Until the early 17th century, the French used the name Rivière du Canada to designate the St. Lawrence upstream to Montreal and the Ottawa River after Montreal. The St. Lawrence River served as

715-555: The Boucherville Islands Archipelago , which is located at the downstream end of the port. The port authority is completing work to provide fish with spawning areas at several islands of the archipelago as part of an agreement with the Fisheries and Oceans Canada Fish Habitat Management Branch. The Coastal Fisheries Protection Act calls for the creation or improvement of habitant banks as compensation for

770-595: The Champlain Sea , due to a rebounding continent from the Last Glacial Maximum , the St. Lawrence River was formed. The Champlain Sea lasted from about 13,000 years ago to about 10,000 years ago and was continuously shrinking during that time, a process that continues today. The head of the St. Lawrence River, near Lake Ontario, is home to the Thousand Islands . Today, the St. Lawrence River begins at

825-710: The Gulf of St. Lawrence , traversing Ontario and Quebec in Canada and New York in the United States. A section of the river demarcates the Canada–U.S. border . As the primary drainage outflow of the Great Lakes Basin , the St. Lawrence has the second-highest discharge of any river in North America (after the Mississippi River ) and the 16th-highest in the world. The estuary of St. Lawrence

880-729: The Gulf of St. Lawrence : Flowing through and adjacent to numerous Indigenous homelands, the river was a primary thoroughfare for many peoples. Beginning in Dawnland at the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the river borders Mi'kma'ki in the South (what is today known as the Canadian Maritimes ), and Nitassinan in the North, the national territory of the Innu people . On the south shore beyond

935-507: The Hudson River . The Accommodation with ten passengers made her maiden voyage from Montreal to Quebec City in 66 hours, for 30 of which she was at anchor. She had a keel of 75 feet, and a length overall of 85 feet. The cost of a ticket was eight dollars upstream, and nine dollars down. She had berths that year for twenty passengers. Within a decade, daily service was available in the hotly-contested Montreal-Quebec route. Because of

990-866: The Mi'kmaw district of Gespe'gewa'ki , the river passes Wolastokuk (the Maliseet homeland), Pαnawαhpskewahki (the Penobscot homeland), and Ndakinna (the Abenaki homeland). Continuing, the river passes through the former country of the St. Lawrence Iroquois and then three of the six homelands of the Haudenosaunee : the Mohawk or Kanienʼkehá꞉ka , the Oneida or Onyota'a:ka , and the Onondaga or Onöñda’gaga’ . In

1045-696: The Thousand Islands chain near Alexandria Bay, New York and Kingston, Ontario ; the Hochelaga Archipelago , including the Island of Montreal and Île Jésus ( Laval ); the Lake St. Pierre Archipelago (classified a biosphere world reserve by the UNESCO in 2000) and the smaller Mingan Archipelago . Other islands include Île d'Orléans near Quebec City and Anticosti Island north of the Gaspé . It

1100-714: The Appalachian division at all. The source of the North River in the Mesabi Range in Minnesota (Seven Beaver Lake) is considered to be the source of the St. Lawrence River. Because it crosses so many lakes, the water system frequently changes its name. From source to mouth, the names are: The St. Lawrence River also passes through Lake Saint-Louis and Lake Saint-Pierre in Quebec. The St. Lawrence River and

1155-539: The Montreal area. Each of three levels of government – federal, provincial and municipal – names a director. The federal transport minister, on the recommendation of port users, names the remaining four directors. The board elects its own chairman. As of 2016, the Port Authority had 237 employees, total revenue from operations was $ 106.7 million and its net earnings totalled $ 23.5 million. The port of Montreal

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1210-598: The Old Port. Starting from the first authority: Maritime and port activity in Montreal supports some 18,280 jobs and provides $ 1.5 billion in economic benefits to the Canadian economy (Secor study, 2008). The Province of Québec announced in May 2013 the signature of a collaborative framework with the City of Montreal for the extension of a thoroughfare that was designed to link with port facilities. The province also announced

1265-687: The Port of Montreal and is a member of: the Association of Canadian Port Authorities (CPA), the American Association of Port Authorities , and the International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH). The port authority is an autonomous self-financing federal agency created under the terms of the Canada Marine Act . The port authority's board of directors is composed of seven business people from

1320-406: The St. Lawrence River includes: Large marine mammals travel in all the seas of the earth, the research and observations of these giants concern fishermen and shipping industry , exercise a fascination and a keen interest for laymen and, subjects of endless studies for scientists from Quebec, Canada and around the world. Thirteen species of cetaceans frequent the waters of the estuary and

1375-640: The St. Lawrence to attack the city from the west, which they successfully did at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham . The river was used again by the British to defeat the French siege of Quebec under the Chevalier de Lévis in 1760. In 1809, the first steamboat to ply its trade on the St. Lawrence was built and operated by John Molson and associates, a scant two years after Fulton's steam-powered navigation of

1430-800: The United States). The Seaway (including the Welland Canal ) now permits ocean-going vessels to pass all the way to Lake Superior . During the Second World War , the Battle of the St. Lawrence involved submarine and anti-submarine actions throughout the lower St. Lawrence River and the entire Gulf of St. Lawrence , Strait of Belle Isle and Cabot Strait from May to October 1942, September 1943, and again in October and November 1944. During this time, German U-boats sank several merchant marine ships and three Canadian warships. In

1485-586: The United States. The average discharge below the Saguenay River is 16,800 cubic metres per second (590,000 cu ft/s). At Quebec City, it is 12,101 m /s (427,300 cu ft/s). The average discharge at the river's source, the outflow of Lake Ontario, is 7,410 m /s (262,000 cu ft/s). The St. Lawrence River includes Lake Saint Francis at Salaberry-de-Valleyfield , Lake Saint-Louis south of Montreal and Lake Saint Pierre east of Montreal. It encompasses four archipelagoes :

1540-618: The area are rift -related and comprise the Saint Lawrence rift system . According to the United States Geological Survey, the St. Lawrence Valley is a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian division, containing the Champlain section. However, in Canada, where most of the valley is, it is instead considered part of a distinct St. Lawrence Lowlands physiographic division, and not part of

1595-460: The area now known as the Old Port to the Old Port of Montreal Corporation , a public corporation responsible for developing tourism and recreational activities in the area. The site is a tourist attraction, featuring museums, restaurants, shops and water-related activities. Most Port of Montreal facilities are located downstream from the Old Port. The Montreal Port Authority's head office and the multipurpose Bickerdike Terminal are located upstream from

1650-497: The construction of an exit ramp from a major highway to allow trucks to directly reach the port, and the reconfiguration of an entrance ramp on the same highway to provide trucks leaving the port with direct access to the highway network. The two projects were designed to improve truck access at the Port of Montreal. The federal government announced in March 2012 that it would contribute up to $ 15.1 million toward two projects to increase

1705-476: The development of cities such as Montreal and Quebec City . The river remains an important shipping route as the backbone of the St. Lawrence Seaway , a lock and canal system that enables world marine traffic to access the inland ports of the Great Lakes Waterway . The river has been called a variety of names by local First Nations . Beginning in the 16th century, French explorers visited what

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1760-591: The direct services that shipping lines provide between Montreal and transhipment ports in the Mediterranean and the Caribbean . On the island of Montreal, port territory stretches along 26 kilometres (16 mi) of the waterfront from the Victoria Bridge at the upstream end of the port to Pointe-aux-Trembles at the downstream end of the port. The port also has a terminal at Contrecoeur , on

1815-480: The earlier names. In contemporary French, the name is rendered as the fleuve Saint-Laurent . The name Saint-Laurent (Saint Lawrence) was originally applied to the eponymous bay by Jacques Cartier upon his arrival into the region on the 10th of August feast day for Saint Lawrence in 1535. Indigenous people use the following names: In winter, the St. Lawrence River begins producing ice in December, with

1870-543: The early 17th century, the Huron-Wendat Nation migrated from their original country of Huronia to what is now known as Nionwentsïo centred around Wendake . Nionwentsïo occupies both the north and south shores of the river, overlapping with Nitassinan and the more western Wabanaki or Dawnland countries. Adjacent on the north shore is the Atikamekw territorial homeland of Nitaskinan and, upstream,

1925-533: The farthest headwater to the mouth and 1,197 km (743.8 mi) from the outflow of Lake Ontario. These numbers include the estuary; without the estuary, the length from Lake Ontario is c. 500 km (c. 300 mi). The farthest headwater is the North River in the Mesabi Range at Hibbing , Minnesota. Its drainage area, which includes the Great Lakes, the world's largest system of freshwater lakes,

1980-463: The formation of ice cubes between Montreal and Quebec City . The prevailing winds and currents push this ice towards the estuary, and it reaches the east of Les Méchins at the end of December. Ice covers the entire Gulf of St. Lawrence in January and February. Ice helps navigation by preventing the formation of waves, and therefore spray, and prevents the icing of ships. With the draining of

2035-471: The further reaches of Anishinaabewaki, specifically the homelands of the Algonquin and Mississauga Nations. The Norse explored the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the 11th century and were followed by fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century European mariners, such as John Cabot , and the brothers Gaspar and Miguel Corte-Real . The first European explorer known to have sailed up the St. Lawrence River itself

2090-509: The highest performance rating possible, the Port of Montreal scored Level 4 for its efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and Level 5 for its efforts to reduce conflict of use and for its environmental leadership. Under its locomotive replacement program, the port has purchased four multiple-generator – or GenSet – locomotives. GenSet technology reduces fuel consumption by about 50% and greenhouse gas emissions by 90% compared to traditional locomotives. The Montreal Port Authority manages

2145-600: The impact of development projects, such as the development of berths, on the environment. The Port of Montreal and the shipping channel between Montreal and Quebec City has a draft depth of 11.3 metres (37 ft) and is capable of handling neopanamax container ships of up to 6,000 TEUs . Container ships are completely unloaded and loaded. Container shipping lines calling the port include CMA CGM , Hapag-Lloyd , Maersk Line , Mediterranean Shipping Company and OOCL . The port has three international container terminals. Montreal Gateway Terminals Partnership operates two of

2200-548: The largest tributaries of the Great Lakes . The St. Lawrence River tributaries are listed upstream from the mouth. The major tributaries of the inter-lake sections are also shown, as well as the major rivers that flow into the Great Lakes. Great Lakes tributaries are listed in alphabetical order. The list includes all tributaries with a drainage area of at least 1,000 square kilometres and an average flow of more than 10 cubic metres per second. tributary The diversity of

2255-522: The main route for European exploration of the North American interior, first pioneered by French explorer Samuel de Champlain . Control of the river was crucial to British strategy to capture New France in the Seven Years' War . Having captured Louisbourg in 1758, the British sailed up to Quebec the following year thanks to charts drawn up by James Cook . British troops were ferried via

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2310-488: The outflow of Lake Ontario and flows adjacent to Gananoque , Brockville , Morristown , Ogdensburg , Massena , Cornwall , Montreal , Trois-Rivières , and Quebec City before draining into the Gulf of St. Lawrence , often given as the largest estuary in the world. The estuary begins at the eastern tip of Île d'Orléans , just downstream from Quebec City. The river becomes tidal around Quebec City. The St. Lawrence River runs 3,058 kilometres (1,900  mi ) from

2365-754: The port's Iberville Passenger Terminal. The port reported servicing 127,087 passengers and crew members in 2018. The port authority provides facilities to shipping lines and land carriers, to terminal operators and to freight transport . It builds and maintains infrastructures that it leases to private stevedoring companies. The port also has its own railway network, which includes more than 100 kilometres (62 mi) of track with direct access to almost every berth and further provides transcontinental railways through signed agreements with Canadian National Railway Co. (CN) and Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) to improve supply chain efficiency for container traffic throughout North America. The Montreal Port Authority operates

2420-461: The port's container-handling capacity. At the same time it announced a subsidy of $ 500,000 toward the second phase of an electronic navigation project in the St. Lawrence River channel between Quebec City and Montreal. The Port of Montreal was behind the creation of the Logistics and Transportation Metropolitan Cluster of Montreal, or Cargo Montreal, an initiative to help consolidate Montreal as

2475-407: The port's dry bulk facilities. Six petroleum companies: Canterm Canadian Terminals Inc., Shell Canada Products, Suncor Energy , Terminal Montréal Est, Terminal Norcan Inc. and Ultramar Ltd. handle petroleum products at port facilities. Two companies Vopak Terminals Canada Inc. and Lallemand Inc. move other liquid bulk products. The port authority directly operates a cruise passenger terminal,

2530-452: The port's grain terminal. Total grain traffic through the port increased by 76.3% to 3,070,054 tonnes in 2012, the first full year of operation of the grain terminal under Viterra. The grain terminal is a combined loading and unloading facility that has a total storage capacity of 260,000 tonnes. Iron ore , salt , fertilizers , copper ore , raw sugar and gypsum are among the major commodities handled. Logistec Stevedoring Inc. operates

2585-539: The rest of Central Canada , the Midwestern United States , and the Northeastern United States . Though found on the Saint Lawrence Seaway , it is some 1,600 miles (2,600 km) inland from the Atlantic Ocean and it is on the shortest direct route between the North American Midwest and Europe or the Mediterranean. In 2019, more than 2,000 cargo ships visited with the port, while handling 40,500,000 metric tonnes of consumer goods , machinery , cereal , sugar , petroleum products, and other types of cargo. Montreal

2640-402: The south shore of the St. Lawrence River about 40 kilometres (25 mi) downstream from Montreal. The port owns land along four kilometres (2.5 mi) of the waterfront at Contrecoeur. This land was intended to be used to increase the port's container-handling capacity once its land on the island of Montreal reached full capacity. The Port of Montreal is a founding member of Green Marine,

2695-419: The stevedores, 36% of the checkers and 56% of the garbagemen working at the port of Montreal had criminal records. St. Lawrence River The St. Lawrence River ( French : Fleuve Saint-Laurent ) is a large international river in the middle latitudes of North America connecting the Great Lakes to the North Atlantic Ocean . Its waters flow in a northeasterly direction from Lake Ontario to

2750-441: The terminals and Termont Montreal Inc. operates the other. Empire Stevedoring Co. Ltd. operates a terminal that handles domestic containers. These facilities cover an area of approximately 90 hectares (36 acres) and have 15 dockside gantry cranes with lifting capacities ranging from 40 to 65 tonnes, yard gantry cranes and other container-handling equipment. The port signed an agreement in 2011 with Viterra Inc. , to lease and operate

2805-407: The virtually impassable Lachine Rapids , the St. Lawrence was once continuously navigable only as far as Montreal. Opened in 1825, the Lachine Canal was the first to allow ships to pass the rapids. An extensive system of canals and locks, known as the St. Lawrence Seaway , was officially opened on 26 June 1959 by Elizabeth II (representing Canada) and President Dwight D. Eisenhower (representing

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2860-415: Was Jacques Cartier . At that time, the land along the river described as "about two leagues, a mountain as tall as a heap of wheat" was inhabited by the St. Lawrence Iroquoians . During Cartier's second voyage in 1535, because Cartier arrived in the estuary on Saint Lawrence 's feast day 10 August, he named it the Gulf of Saint Lawrence . The St. Lawrence River is today partly within the U.S. and as such

2915-478: Was destined for or came from the Canadian market, mainly Québec (34.7%), Ontario (26.9%) and Western Canada (9.1%). The other 25.9% of containerized cargo traffic was destined for or came from the United States, mainly the Midwest (18.4%), and as a result, the port is a major source of truck traffic for Ontario's Highway 401 . The port has appointed representatives in the U.S., Europe and Asia to promote its advantages in those markets. In 2012, Northern Europe

2970-440: Was going to appear. It shocked the hell out of us". In 1997, the government of Jean Chretien disbanded the Canada Ports Police, which traditionally policed the waterfront and replaced the Ports Police with private security guards. Kenny and his Senate committee stated the unarmed and poorly paid private security guards who have no power of arrest were hapless in the face of the West End Gang. Kenny's committee discovered that 15% of

3025-415: Was the point of origin or final destination for 46.8% of the containers moving through the port, followed by the Mediterranean (19%), Asia (13.7%), the Middle East (7.4%), Latin America (5.9%) and Africa / Oceania (4.0%). Domestic cargo accounted for 3.2% of the port's containerized cargo traffic. The port continues to benefit from traffic moving through the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal thanks to

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