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66-721: It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces , with its jurisdiction primarily within the North Caucasus region of the country, and Russian bases in South Caucasian post-Soviet states . The Southern Military District was created as part of the 2008 military reforms , and founded by Presidential Decree №1144 signed on September 20, 2010, to replace the North Caucasus Military District , and absorbing

132-520: A majority only in three of them. Four of those territories have a second official language in addition to Russian: Buryat (in two of the merged territories), Komi-Permian , Koryak . This is an exception: all the other official languages of Russia (other than Russian) are set by the Constitutions of its constituent Republics ( Mordovia , Chechnya , Dagestan etc.). The status of the "administrative-territorial regions with special status" has been

198-732: A regular flow of trained recruits and supplies to the Field Army. The method they adopted was to separate the Field Army ( Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres ) from the Home Command ( Heimatkriegsgebiet ) and to entrust the responsibilities of training, conscription, supply and equipment to that command. The Commander of the Infantry Corps with the identical number also commanded the Wehrkreis in peacetime, but command of

264-822: A similar fashion to Russian military districts. The Kazakh Ground Forces are divided into four regional commands: Initially, right after the First World War , Poland had five military districts (1918–1921): In 1921, due to reorganization, the military districts were replaced with Dowództwo Okręgu Korpusu ( DOK – Corps District Command). In the Second Polish Republic there were ten DOKs: Each DOK consisted of four large units (three infantry divisions and one cavalry brigade). For district arrangements after World War II see Polish Land Forces . The Kraków Military District disbanded in 1953. From 1999 Poland has been divided into two military districts,

330-550: A subject of criticism because it does not appear in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In addition to those six territories that entirely ceased to be subjects of the Russian Federation and were downgraded to territories with special status, another three subjects have a status of subject but are simultaneously part of a more populated subject: With an estimated population of 49348 as of 2018, Chukotka

396-492: A territorial military division (TMD). On the defence side, these military divisions have been grouped into military regions. Their number varied depending on the period. The current number is six. The Défense opérationnelle du territoire supervised reserve and home defence activities from 1959 to the 1970s. However, by the 1980s the number had been reduced to six: the 1st Military Region (France) with its headquarters in Paris,

462-743: Is commanded by a Major General and has full authority to commence operations with the force under his jurisdiction. The commander (known as Panglima Kodam abbreviated Pangdam ) reports to the Chief of Army Staff (KSAD) and is responsible for territorial defence during times of war and development and supervision during times of peace. He is also responsible for ensuring security and protection for VVIP visiting his territory, e.g Presidential visits, etc. A Regional Command ( Kazakh : Аймақтық қолбасшылық , Aımaqtyq qolbasshylyq ; Russian : Региональная команда , Regional'naya komanda ) in Kazakhstan operates in

528-656: Is currently in use in Russian Federation . Such territorial division provided convenient management of army units, their training and other activities regarding the country's readiness to defend itself. In the USSR, the military districts continued to perform the same role they had done in the Russian Empire, with first six military districts ( Yaroslavsky , Moskovsky , Orlovsky , Belomorsky , Uralsky , and Privolzhsky ) were formed on 31 March 1918 during

594-468: Is currently the least populated subject of Russia that is not part of a more populated subject. It was separated from Magadan Oblast in 1993. Chukotka is one of the richest subjects of Russia (with a Gross Regional Product [GRP] per capita equivalent to that of Australia) and therefore does not fit in the pattern of merging a subject to benefit from the economic dynamism of the neighbour. In 1992, Ingushetia separated from Chechnya , both to stay away from

660-597: Is divided into six numbered military regions, each with headquarters located in a principal city or town (see People's National Army (Algeria)#Military regions ). This system of territorial organization, adopted shortly after independence, grew out of the wartime wilaya structure and the postwar necessity of subduing antigovernment insurgencies that were based in the various regions. Regional commanders control and administer bases, logistics, and housing, as well as conscript training. Commanders of army divisions and brigades, air force installations, and naval forces report directly to

726-668: Is headquartered in Rostov-on-Don , and its acting district commander is Colonel General Aleksandr Sanchik , who has served since November 2024. The Southern Military District was formed on 22 October 2010, according to Presidential Decree of 20 September 2010 № 1144 "On the Military Administrative Division Of the Russian Federation" the Southern Military District was created along with two other new larger military districts:

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792-632: Is located at Novocherkassk and it is to include the 150th Motor Rifle Division and the 20th Guards Motor Rifle Division . The first phase of its formation was completed in June 2017. The 58th Guards Combined Arms Army comprising two further motorized rifle divisions, plus other army level units and the 4th Guards Military Base in South Ossetia is the third army-level formation in the District. 58th Combined Arms Army (Vladikavkaz) Note:

858-417: The 2nd Military Region (France) at Lille , the 3rd Military Region (France) at Rennes , the 4th Military Region (France) at Bordeaux , the 5th at Lyons and 6th at Metz. Each supervised up to five division militaire territoriale – military administrative sub-divisions, in 1984 sometimes supervising up to three reserve regiments each. In the twenty-first century, under the latest thorough reform of

924-553: The 42nd Guards Motor Rifle Division , reforming from late 2016 in Chechniya, is drawn from the 8th Guards, 17th, and 18th Guards Motor Rifle Brigades 8th Guards Combined Arms Army ( Novocherkassk ) 51st Combined Arms Army (Former People's Militia of the Donetsk People's Republic : Народная милиция Донецкой Народной Республики) : 3rd Guards Luhansk-Severodonetsk Combined Arms Army (Former People's Militia of

990-579: The Central Military District and the Eastern Military District . By order of then Russian Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov , on 22 July 2010, interim commanders were named for the new military districts. Thus, the new position of commander of the Southern Military District, was Lieutenant-General Aleksandr Galkin, former Commander of the North Caucasus Military District , with Major-General Nikolai Pereslegin as

1056-501: The Constitution of Russia from Russian to English uses the term "constituent entities of the Russian Federation". For example, Article 5 reads: "The Russian Federation shall consist of republics , krais , oblasts , cities of federal significance , an autonomous oblast , and autonomous okrugs , which shall have equal rights as constituent entities of the Russian Federation." A translation provided by Garant-Internet instead uses

1122-589: The Defence Act of 2000 the military districts were replaced by new military districts ( Swedish : Militärdistrikt , usually abbreviated to MD ). The new military districts corresponded geographically to the former military districts, however, they did not have the same territorial and operational tasks. In 2005, the military districts were replaced to some extent by four Security and Cooperation Sections ( Swedish : Säkerhets- och samverkanssektioner ). British Army regional districts have evolved slowly over

1188-679: The Federal Assembly . They differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy; republics are offered more autonomy. Post-Soviet Russia formed during the history of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic within the USSR and did not change at the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In 1992, during the so-called " parade of sovereignties ", separatist sentiments and

1254-476: The Luhansk People's Republic : Народная милиция Луганской Народной Республики ): 18th Combined Arms Army ( Crimea ) 49th Combined Arms Army (Stavropol/ Maykop ) Airborne Troops Special forces/Reconnaissance Aerospace Forces units Naval Forces Military district Military districts (also called military regions ) are formations of a state's armed forces (often of

1320-601: The Ministry of National Defence and service chiefs of staff on operational matters. Previously Algeria had formed France's tenth military region. Military region commanders in 2003 included Brahim Fodel Chérif ( 1st Military Region ), Kamel Abderrahmane ( 2nd Military Region , Abcène Tafer ( 3rd Military Region ), Abdelmadjid Sahed ( 4th Military Region , Chérif Abderrazak ( 5th Military Region ) and Ali Benali (6th Military Region). There were 76 northern military districts or military regions (軍區), or war areas , which were

1386-636: The Pomeranian Military District and the Silesian Military District , both were disbanded by the end of 2011. The Russian Empire's military district ( Russian : вое́нный о́круг , voyenny okrug ) was a territorial association of military units , formations , military schools , and various local military establishments. This territorial division type was utilized in Imperial Russia , USSR and

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1452-597: The Russian Civil War . This increased to 17 military districts of the USSR at the beginning of July 1940 shortly before the USSR was invaded by Germany and entered the Second World War , and were used to create combat Fronts after commencement of the German invasion of the USSR . During the war the districts were further divided into geographic regions for logistic reasons, these being: After

1518-627: The War of Laws within Russia, the Russian regions signed the Federation Treaty ( Russian : Федеративный договор , romanized :  Federativnyy dogovor ), establishing and regulating the current inner composition of Russia, based on the division of authorities and powers among Russian government bodies and government bodies of constituent entities. The Federation Treaty was included in

1584-596: The Wehrkreis passed to his second-in command at the outbreak of war. In peacetime, the Wehrkreis was the home to the Infantry Corps of the same number and all subordinate units of that Corps. Until 2013 the German Armed Forces ( Bundeswehr ) had four military districts – Wehrbereichskommando (WBK) as part of the Streitkräftebasis or Joint Service Support Command. Each WBK controlled several Landeskommandos ( State Commands) due to

1650-767: The federal structure of Germany who have taken over functions carried out by the Verteidigungsbezirkskommandos (VBKs) or Military Region Commands (Defence District Commands) as. These command authorities are in charge of all military facilities . Now the Landeskommmandos are led by the National Territorial Command called Kommando Territoriale Aufgaben der Bundeswehr (KdoTerrAufgBw). The Indonesian Army operates with military districts, known as Komando Daerah Militer (Military Region Command) abbreviated Kodam . It

1716-624: The military commands of the Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla . The district began operation on October 22, 2010, under the command of Colonel-General Aleksandr Galkin. The Southern Military District is the smallest military district in Russia by geographic size. The district contains 13 federal subjects of Russia: Adygea , Astrakhan Oblast , Chechnya , Dagestan , Ingushetia , Kabardino-Balkaria , Kalmykia , Karachay-Cherkessia , Krasnodar Krai , North Ossetia-Alania , Rostov Oblast , Stavropol Krai and Volgograd Oblast . After

1782-572: The subjects of the Russian Federation ( Russian : субъекты Российской Федерации , romanized :  subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii ) or simply as the subjects of the federation ( Russian : субъекты федерации , romanized :  subyekty federatsii ), are the constituent entities of Russia , its top-level political divisions. According to the Constitution of Russia , the federation consists of republics , krais , oblasts , cities of federal importance , an autonomous oblast , and autonomous okrugs , all of which are equal subjects of

1848-419: The 2000s, following the policies of Vladimir Putin and of the ruling United Russia party, the Russian parliament changed the distribution of tax revenues, reduced the number of elections in the regions and gave more power to the federal authorities. The Russian Federation was composed of 89 federal subjects in 1993. Mergers reduced the number to 83 by 2008. Russia annexed Crimea from Ukraine in 2014, with

1914-496: The 66th Communications Brigade. There are also two Spetsnaz brigades (10th and 22nd) an experimental reconnaissance brigade (the 100th), plus one Russian Airborne Troops unit also stationed in the district: the 7th Guards Mountain Air Assault Division at Novorossiysk (which, in 2021, absorbed the former 56th Guards Airborne Brigade). The Russian Aerospace Forces has the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army in

1980-537: The 9th (Marseille), and the 10th in Algeria. The 10th Military Region (France) supervised French Algeria during the Algerian War . With the evolution of administrative organization, France was divided into regional administrative districts (circa 1963) (administrative region dependent of a prefect of the region). The military organisation then combined the administrative organization and in each CAR corresponded

2046-627: The Army) which are responsible for a certain area of territory. They are often more responsible for administrative than operational matters, and in countries with conscript forces, often handle parts of the conscription cycle. Navies have also used a similar model, with organizations such as the United States Naval Districts . A number of navies in South America used naval districts at various points in time. Algeria

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2112-964: The French security and defence sector, there are seven Zone de défense et de sécurité  [ fr ] each with a territorial ground army region: Paris (or Île-de-France, HQ in Paris), Nord (HQ in Lille), Ouest (HQ in Rennes), Sud-Ouest (HQ in Bordeaux), Sud (HQ in Marseille), Sud-Est (HQ in Lyon), Est (HQ in Strasbourg). Before and during World War II , Germany used the system of military districts ( German : Wehrkreis ) to relieve field commanders of as much administrative work as possible and to provide

2178-516: The Republic of Crimea) and Sevastopol approved as federal subjects of Russian Federation. In 2016, the District was 98% staffed by contract servicemen. In November 2020, following the aftermath of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war , Russian military peacekeepers were deployed to Nagorno-Karabakh for securing the Lachin corridor and along the line of contact for at least five years. A military base

2244-459: The Russian Federation is more appropriate than subject of the Russian Federation ( subject would be OK for a monarchy)". Each federal subject belongs to one of the following types: a. The largest city is also listed when it is different from the capital/administrative centre. b. According to Article 13 of the Charter of Leningrad Oblast, the governing bodies of

2310-415: The Russian government claiming Sevastopol and the Republic of Crimea to be the 84th and 85th federal subjects of Russia, a move that is not recognized internationally. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , four Ukrainian oblasts were annexed by Russia, though they remain internationally recognized as part of Ukraine and are only partially occupied by Russia. An official government translation of

2376-535: The Southern Military District following the 2014 Crimean crisis in Ukraine , when they were annexed by Russia. The legal status of Crimea (as the Autonomous Republic of Crimea ) and the city of Sevastopol is currently under dispute : Ukraine and the majority of the international community considers them an integral part of Ukraine, while Russia considers them an integral part of Russia, with Crimea (as

2442-551: The UK reporting to Commander Regional Forces . Scotland District was absorbed by 2nd Division in 2000. The divisions were responsible for training subordinate formations and units under their command for operations in the UK, such as Military Aid to the Civil Community , as well as training units for overseas deployments. 2nd, 4th and 5th Divisions were replaced by Support Command on 1 November 2011. The military department

2508-571: The chief of staff for the district. Galkin was later promoted to Colonel General soon after his appointment as district commander. The Southern Military District also directs two Russian military bases in Armenia : the 102nd Military Base in Gyumri , and the 3624th Air Base at the civil-military Erebuni Airport in the capital Yerevan , under the joint control of Armenian and Russian authorities. In April 2014, Crimea and Sevastopol were added to

2574-642: The command of the Central Military Commission . In February 2016, the 7 military regions were changed to 5 theater commands: Under the Third Republic , a military region comprised several departments which supported an army corps . For many years up to 21 military regions were active. On 24 July 1873, the French Parliament passed a law which created 18 military regions in metropolitan France . A 19th Army Corps

2640-869: The command of the district headquarters , headed by the district commander , and is subordinated to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation . (Previously under Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces General Nikolai Kormiltsev , the military districts reported to the General Staff via the Russian Ground Forces staff.) It is a territorial association of military units , formations , military schools , and various local military establishments. This territorial division type

2706-592: The district. Also under the district's control are the Navy's Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla , including their respective air and Naval Infantry components, including – in the case of the Black Sea Fleet – the 22nd Army Corps . In early 2017, the reformation of the 8th Guards Combined Arms Army , successor to the Soviet 8th Guards Army, began within the Southern Military District. The army's headquarters

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2772-588: The federal subjects were merged into larger territories. In this process, six very sparsely populated subjects (comprising in total 0.3% of the population of Russia) were integrated into more populated subjects, with the hope that the economic development of those territories would benefit from the much larger means of their neighbours. The merging process was finished on 1 March 2008. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008. The six territories became "administrative-territorial regions with special status". They have large proportions of minorities, with Russians being

2838-470: The federation. Every federal subject has its own head , a parliament , and a constitutional court. Each subject has its own constitution or charter and legislation, although the authority of these organs differ. Subjects have equal rights in relations with federal government bodies. The subjects have equal representation – two delegates each – in the Federation Council , the upper house of

2904-663: The former Institute of Communications of the Strategic Rocket Forces at Stavropol . According to warfare.ru, 49th Army (listed at Stavropol/Maikop) has under control the 7th Military Base (in Abkhazia ) and the 8th (former Taman Guards Motor Rifle Division), 33rd Mountain Motor Rifle and 34th separate Mountain Motor Rifle Brigades (Borzoi, Chechniya, Maikop, and Storozhevaya-2), as well as

2970-541: The former code of 20 for the Chechen Republic was cancelled and replaced with code 95. License plate production was suspended due to the Chechen Wars, causing numerous issues, which in turn forced the region to use a new code. f. Claimed, but only partially controlled by Russia. g. As Russia only partially controls the region, this is a claimed figure. Starting in 2005, some of

3036-492: The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine was launched on 24 February 2022, six oblasts of Ukraine, partially occupied by Russia , were announced as being added to the district: the Crimea , Donetsk , Kherson , Lugansk , Sevastopol and Zaporozhye . These territories are components of Ukraine which since early 2022 have been partially or fully militarily occupied by Russian military forces. The Southern Military District

3102-732: The growing violence in Chechnya and as a bid to obtain the Eastern part of Northern Ossetia (it did not work: the Chechen conflict spread violence to Ingushetia, and North Ossetia retained its Prigorodny District ). Those two Muslim republics, populated in vast majority (95%+) by closely related Vainakh people , speaking Vainakhish languages , remain the two poorest subjects of Russia, with the GRP per capita of Ingushetia being equivalent to that of Iraq. According to 2016 statistics, however, they are also

3168-409: The headquarters of the district was captured by Wagner Group during the Wagner Group rebellion . In April 2024, the Ukrainian Main Directorate of Intelligence claimed that some 18,000 Russian soldiers had deserted the Southern Military District, including 2,000 contract and 10,000 mobilised soldiers. As part of the larger reorganisation, the 49th Army reformed with its headquarters seemingly in

3234-510: The largest formations of the National Revolutionary Army , under the Military Affairs Commission , chaired by Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II . During the Second Sino-Japanese War the National Revolutionary Army eventually organized itself into twelve Military Regions. The military regions (originally eleven, then seven) of the People's Liberation Army were divided into military districts (usually contiguous with provinces) and military sub-districts, under

3300-448: The minor districts to be amalgamated were North West District , Western District , and Wales, to form a new Western District.' HQ Northern Ireland remained separate and reported to Headquarters United Kingdom Land Forces only on non-operational matters. From 1995, UK commands and later districts were replaced by regenerative divisions. 2nd Division , 4th Division , 5th Division and London District acted as regional commands within

3366-513: The oblast are located in the city of Saint Petersburg . However, Saint Petersburg is not officially the administrative centre of the oblast. c. According to Article 24 of the Charter of Moscow Oblast, the governing bodies of the oblast are located in the city of Moscow and throughout the territory of Moscow Oblast. However, Moscow is not officially the administrative centre of the oblast. d. Internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. e. In February 2000,

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3432-441: The previous 150 years or so. For many years there were regional commands in the UK, including Aldershot Command (from 1880), Eastern Command , Northern Command , Scottish Command , Southern Command and Western Command (from 1905). By 1985 these were superseded by districts, and until the spring of 1991 there were nine of them. Antony Beevor wrote in his revised edition of Inside the British Army in 1991 that '..the first of

3498-501: The region, the regional naval command, the regional air defence sector as well as the lower regional level subdivision defence districts that made up the military district. The commander answered directly to the Supreme Commander . The military districts in the modern form were created in 1966, and each district was named according to the geographical area they covered. Several changes were made, such as creating or merging districts, until all military districts were disbanded in 2000. After

3564-499: The safest regions of Russia, and also have the lowest alcohol consumption, with alcohol poisoning at least 40 times lower than the federal average. Until 1994, Sokolsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast was part of Ivanovo Oblast . In 2011–2012, the territory of Moscow increased by 140% (to 2,511 km (970 sq mi)) by acquiring part of Moscow Oblast . On 13 May 2020, the governors of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug announced their plan to merge following

3630-409: The term "subjects of the Russian Federation". Tom Fennell, a translator, told the 2008 American Translators Association conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation" is a better translation than "subject". This was supported by Tamara Nekrasova, Head of Translation Department at Goltsblat BLP , who said in a 2011 presentation at a translators conference that " constituent entity of

3696-401: The text of the 1978 Constitution of the Russian SFSR . The current Constitution of Russia, adopted by federal referendum on 12 December 1993, came into force on 25 December 1993 and abolished the model of the Soviet system of government introduced in 1918 by Vladimir Lenin and based on the right to secede from the country and on unlimited sovereignty of federal subjects (in practice secession

3762-417: The war, the number was increased to 33 to aid in demobilisation of forces, but by October 1946, they had been reduced to 21. By the end of the 1980s, immediately before the dissolution of the Soviet Union, there were sixteen military districts, within three to five main strategic Theatre groupings. Military districts ( Russian : вое́нный о́круг , voyenny okrug ) in the Russian Federation operates under

3828-409: Was a military and administrative command of the US Army. Present day US military organization is structured around Unified Combatant Commands , which encompass different geographical areas and responsibilities. Military districts ( Uzbek : Harbiy okruglar ) of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan are under the jurisdiction of the defense ministry of the republic . In May 2001, the Tashkent Garrison

3894-431: Was created by General Soedirman as a system initially called "Wehrkreise", adapted from the German system during World War II . The system was later ratified in "Surat Perintah Siasat No.1" (No.1 Strategy Command Letter), signed in November 1948. The Military regional commands function as a means of circle of defense, or regional defense, to defend the designated islands/provinces under Indonesian territory. Each Kodam

3960-495: Was created in Algeria in September 1873 (see Région militaire ). In 1905, the strength of the Troupes coloniales stationed in the 19 military districts of metropolitan France was reported at 2,123 officers and 26,581 other ranks. In 1946, following the Second World War ten military regions were created or recreated, in accordance with a decree of 18 February 1946. They included the 1st (Paris); 2e (Lille); 3e (Rennes); 4e (Bordeaux); 5e (Toulouse); 6e (Metz); 7e (Dijon); 8th (Lyon);

4026-637: Was historically adopted, originally by Imperial Russia, to provide a more efficient management of army units, their training and other operations activities related to combat readiness . From 1992 to 2010, the Armed Forces maintained a diminishing number of former Soviet Armed Forces districts – Leningrad Military District , Moscow Military District , Volga-Urals Military District , North Caucasus Military District , Siberian Military District , Far East Military District . In 2009–2010, these districts were reorganised into 4 Military Districts comprising regional Joint Strategic Commands. In 2014 Northern Fleet

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4092-432: Was never allowed), which conflicts with the country's integrity and federal laws. The new constitution eliminated a number of legal conflicts, reserved the rights of the regions, introduced local self-government and did not grant the Soviet-era right to secede from the country. In the late 1990s and early 2000s the political system became de jure closer to other modern federal states with a republican form of government . In

4158-524: Was reorganised. A storage base for missile and artillery weapons was formed and transferred to the direct subordination of the 1061 CMTO. The centre itself is located in the 4, 6 7 and 21 Military towns ( военных городках ) in Novocherkassk. One of the other units of the 1061 CMTO is the warehouse (for storing material and technical equipment of the clothing service) (Military Unit 57229-31) which has been headed by Stanislav Valerievich Yazykov 2011–2018 (in Stepnoy , Volgodonskoy District ?). On 24 June 2023,

4224-400: Was reorganized into separate Joint Strategic Command. The military district ( Swedish : Militärområde , usually abbreviated to Milo ) was an administrative division of the Swedish Armed Forces , and was a higher regional level subdivision. The commander of a military district, the Militärområdesbefälhavare (also militärbefälhavare ), commanded the Swedish Army divisions stationed in

4290-422: Was set up with its headquarters at Stepanakert and is part of the Southern Military District commanded by First deputy commander of the military district Lieutenant General Rustam Muradov . He was replaced by Deputy military district commander Lieutenant General Alexey Avdeev on 13 May 2021. In January–February 2021, the 1061st Centre for Material-Technical Support (1061 CMTO), the district's logistics command,

4356-538: Was transformed into the Tashkent Military District. The following are a list of military districts in Uzbekistan: The replenishment of the ranks of divisions and units in wartime is done by order of the commanders of military districts. Vietnam People's Army has 8 Military Regions : The Army of the Republic of Vietnam originally had four corps , for example I Corps (South Vietnam) . Later they were redesignated Military Regions 1–4. Federal subjects The federal subjects of Russia , also referred to as

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