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70-876: Shanghai Jiao Tong University ( SJTU ) is a public university in Shanghai , China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China . The university is part of Project 211 , Project 985 , and the Double First-Class Construction . It is a member of the C9 League . SJTU was founded as Nanyang Public School in 1896. It was merged into Jiao Tong University in 1921, before gaining its current name in 1959. The university currently has 33 schools, 12 affiliated hospitals, 2 affiliated medical research institutes, 23 directly affiliated units, and 5 directly affiliated enterprises. Nanyang Public School

140-714: A higher reputation domestically and globally . The University Grants Committee funds eight public universities in Hong Kong . The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts also receives funding from the government . There are four self-financing universities, namely Hong Kong Metropolitan University , Hong Kong Shue Yan University , Hang Seng University of Hong Kong , and Saint Francis University . In India , most universities and nearly all research institutions are public. Some private undergraduate colleges exist but most are engineering schools that are affiliated with public universities. Private schools can be partially aided by

210-683: A university institute , and a distance university in Portugal . Higher education in Portugal provided by state-run institutions is not free; students must pay a tuition fee. However, the tuition fee is lower than that of private universities. The highest tuition fee allowed by law in public universities is €697 per year as of 2022. Public universities include some of the most selective and demanding higher learning institutions in Portugal. In Russia , about 7.5 million students study in thousands of universities. Founded in 1755, Moscow State University

280-539: A few private institutions of higher learning, such as the National College of Ireland . However, none of the private institutions have university status and are highly specialized. Almost all universities in Italy are public but have institutional autonomy by law. The Italian state provides the majority of university funding. Therefore, students pay relatively low tuition fees, set by each university according to

350-1285: A handful of community colleges. In 2008, the Philippine Congress passed Republic Act 9500, declaring the University of the Philippines as the national university to distinguish it from all other state universities and colleges. Other notable public colleges and universities include the Polytechnic University of the Philippines , Technological University of the Philippines , Philippine Normal University , Batangas State University , and Mindanao State University . There are six autonomous public universities in Singapore , including National University of Singapore founded in 1905, Nanyang Technological University founded 1981, Singapore Management University founded in 2000, Singapore University of Technology and Design and Singapore Institute of Technology founded in 2009, and Singapore University of Social Sciences founded in 2017. In Sri Lanka , there are seventeen public universities. Most public universities are funded by

420-542: A low-interest loan from the Higher Education Loan Board; students must pay back the loan after completing their higher education. In Nigeria , both the federal and state governments may establish public universities. South Africa has 26 public universities which are members of Universities in South Africa. These are categorized as traditional or comprehensive universities. In Tunisia ,

490-525: A missionary educator. The university underwent a series of transitions. In 1904, the Ministry of Commerce took over the school, and in 1905 changed its name to Imperial Polytechnic College of the Commerce Ministry . In 1906, the college was placed under the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs, and its name was changed to Shanghai Industrial College of the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs . When

560-644: A national institution in 1926, the Academy of Athens is the highest research establishment in Greece. Private higher education institutions cannot operate in Greece and are not recognized as degree-awarding bodies by the Greek government. In Ireland , nearly all universities, institutes of technology, colleges, and some third-level institutions are public. The state pays the cost of educating undergraduates, although students must contribute approximately €3,000. There are

630-527: A university, not a college, can issue doctorate degrees in Israel. In Japan , public universities are run by local governments, either prefectural or municipal. According to the Ministry of Education , public universities have "provided an opportunity for higher education in a region and served the central role of intellectual and cultural base for the local community in the region" and are "expected to contribute to social, economical and cultural development in

700-539: A year and have to retake them, pay a partial or full tuition fee, ranging from €500 to €2000 per year. Private universities have existed in Serbia since 1989 but are held in less esteem because they are generally less academically rigorous than the public universities. Of the 74 universities in Spain , 54 are public and funded by the autonomous community in which they are based. University funding differs by region. However,

770-574: Is a public research university and the most prestigious university in Russia. Saint Petersburg State University is a state-owned university that was founded in 1724; it is managed by the government of the Russian Federation . In Serbia , over 85% of college students study at state-operated public universities. Academically well-performing students pay only administrative fees of less than €100 per year. Students who fail multiple classes in

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840-672: Is fully integrated with the campus network, CERNET, and the Internet. The Honors Youth Program of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Chinese: 西安交大少年班, also translated as Special Class for the Gifted Young of Xi'an Jiaotong University ), established in 1985, admits 140 high school freshmen annually to coursework at High School Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University , Suzhou High School-SIP, or Tianjin Nankai High School . Students who pass can matriculate to XJTU without taking

910-1069: Is home to a vigorous international program of research and exchange, centered around the University Alliance of the Silk Road that was formed in 2015. The university has partnerships with several other universities that have not been incorporated into the University Alliance of the Silk Road , including Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman and Washington University in St. Louis through the McDonnell International Scholars Academy. Among XJTU's alumni are many renowned scholars, including Huajian Gao , Tsien Hsue-shen , Zhigang Suo , Tony Jun Huang , Changqing Chen, Xi Chen, Xi Yao, Yilu Liu , Shouren Ge (Ernest S. Kuh) Wu Wenjun , Xu Guangxian , Zhang Guangdou and An Wang . Among XJTU's alumni are numerous famous entrepreneurs in both China and abroad, including

980-671: Is one of the elite universities in China with its status as a Double First-Class Construction university, C9 League University, and a member of the University Alliance of the Silk Road . It is the only university in Western China to be included in the C9 League and one of only two universities in the Western China region (alongside Sichuan University ) that consistently rank among the top-15 comprehensive research universities nationwide. As of 2022, Xi'an Jiaotong University

1050-648: Is ranked among China's top-10 research comprehensive universities and ranked first in Western China region, with a combined population of almost 300 million. Xi'an Jiaotong University consistently features in the top 300 global universities as ranked by the QS World University Rankings , the U.S. News & World Report , the Center for World University Rankings , and the Academic Ranking of World Universities . For 2024, XJTU

1120-710: Is regarded as one of the most reputable Chinese universities by the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings where it ranked 176-200th globally. Regarding scientific research output, the Nature Index 2023 ranked XJTU the No.24 university in the Asia Pacific region, and 56th in the world among the global universities. The 2023 CWTS Leiden Ranking ranked XJTU 10th in the world by total publications and 37th in

1190-558: Is the hub of the University Alliance of the Silk Road , an international academic alliance under the umbrella of China's Belt and Road Initiative that aims to build educational collaboration and fuel economic growth in countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt and key partners worldwide. In 1896, the Nanyang Public School ( 南洋公学 ) was founded in Shanghai based on an imperial edict issued by

1260-474: The Ministry of Education 's "New Century Program for Promising Young Talent", and 547 recipients of government stipends for outstanding contributions to China. XJTU's student body comprises 30,000 people, including 15,000 graduate students. The school offers 84 undergraduate majors, 200 master's degree disciplines, and 115 doctoral disciplines. Among these, eight are designated as first-order key disciplines by

1330-670: The C9 League , and the Double First-Class Construction (Class A). XJTU's faculty and staff of more than 5500 includes twelve members of the Chinese National Academy of Engineering, nine of whom are also members of the Chinese National Academy of Sciences ; 38 Changjiang (Yangtze River) Scholars ; and 25 National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars award winners. From the perspective of teaching, XJTU's faculty and staff include five recipients of national teaching awards, 142 participants in

1400-627: The Gaokao . Students who subsequently pass their undergraduate courses can begin master's programs at XJTU without taking the Postgraduate Admission Test . XJTU's Internet Education School was founded in 2001 as one of 15 experimental universities approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education to establish distance education. The university partners with a number of leading universities in China for this project. XJTU

1470-640: The Guangxu Emperor , under the Business and Telegraphs Office of the imperial government . Four schools were established: a normal school , a school of foreign studies, a middle school, and a high school . Sheng Xuanhuai , the mandarin who proposed the idea to the Guangxu Emperor, became the first president and is regarded as the founder of the university, along with John Calvin Ferguson ,

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1540-541: The Korea National Open University which offers distance learning. The University of Seoul is a public municipal university. Manas University in Kyrgyzstan is a public higher education institution that offers associate degrees, undergraduate degrees, and graduate and postgraduate degrees. The University of Macau , Macao Polytechnic University , and Macao University of Tourism are

1610-526: The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research controls public universities and guarantees admission to students who earn a Tunisian Baccalaureate . Using a state website, the students make a wish list of the universities they want to attend, with the highest-ranking students getting priority choices. Universities rank students according to the results of their baccalaureate. There are forty public universities in Bangladesh . They are overseen by

1680-716: The Republic of China was founded, the college was placed under the Ministry of Communications and its name was once again changed, this time to Government Institute of Technology of the Communications Ministry . The Republic of China founded the School of Management in 1918. In 1920, the Government Institute of Technology of the Communications Ministry merged with two other colleges and changed its name to Nan Yang College of Chiao Tung . In 1938,

1750-805: The University Grants Commission which was created by the government in 1973. Most universities in Brunei are public. In the People's Republic of China , nearly all universities and research institutions are public. Typically, provincial governments run public universities. However, some are administered by municipal governments or are national , which the central government directly administers. Private undergraduate colleges exist but are primarily vocational colleges sponsored by private entities. Private universities usually cannot award bachelor's degrees. Public universities tend to enjoy

1820-475: The University of Michigan were charged with espionage related offenses after being caught during exerscises at Camp Grayling which included Taiwanese forces. Public university A public university or public college is a university or college that is owned by the state or receives significant funding from a government. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country (or region) to another, largely depending on

1890-722: The University of Mons in 2009. The state-created university founded in Antwerp in 1971 is now part of University of Antwerp . Hasselt University started as a state-created public institution managed by the Province of Limburg . Similarly, the Province of Luxembourg managed the state-created public university in Arlon which became part of ULiège in 2004. Since 1891, private universities have gradually become state-recognized and funded. Some private, mostly Catholic, organizations are called free institutions, as in administratively free from

1960-437: The constitution of Greece , higher education institutions (HEI) include universities, technical universities, and specialist institutions. HEI undergraduate programs are government-funded and do not charge tuition. A quarter of HEI postgraduate programs are tuition-free. After individual assessments, thirty percent of Greek students are entitled to attend any of the statutory postgraduate programs without tuition fees. Founded as

2030-592: The 150 universities in Taiwan are public. Because the Taiwanese government provides funding to public universities, their students pay less than half the tuition fees of those at private universities. Ten public universities were established before the 1980s and are the most prestigious in Taiwan. As a result, most students choose public universities for their tertiary education. In the late 19th century Thailand , there

2100-614: The Chinese government. At present, there are more than 400 international students at XJTU, predominantly from Pakistan, Malaysia, Russia, Bangladesh, Nepal, ASEAN countries, Gulf countries, Central Asian countries, Australia, New Zealand and European countries. XJTU's four campuses (Xingqing, Yanta, Innovation Harbor, and Qujiang) cover over 250 hectares. The Qian Xuesen Library (Xingqing campus) houses 5 million books, 4,100 current periodicals, 30,000 electronic periodicals, and more than 1 million electronic books. The library's computer system

2170-817: The Code de l'éducation states that " private higher education establishments can in no case take the title of university. " Nevertheless, many private institutions, such as the Catholic University of Lille or the Catholic University of Lyon , use the university as their marketing name. Most higher education institutions in Germany are public and operated by the states . All professors are public servants. Public universities are generally held in higher esteem than their private counterparts. From 1972 through 1998, public universities were tuition-free; however, some states have since adopted low tuition fees. According to

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2240-696: The Dalian Institute of Technology's shipbuilding department joined Jiao Tong University between January 29-30. On June 22, 1955, the academic structure transitioned from a two-year specialization to a five-year degree program, and the two-year program was phased out by July. By June 29, the university's telecommunication and automotive programs were transferred to Chengdu and Changchun, respectively. On March 13, 1956, Jiao Tong University initiated discussions to enroll its first cohort of graduate students in fields like mechanical engineering, metallurgy, and electrification. This pilot program evolved, and by 1958,

2310-501: The Mechanical Engineering department from the former East China Traffic College was integrated into Jiao Tong University. On December 25, 1954, Peng Kang, the university's Party Secretary, announced the adoption of the presidential responsibility system. On January 7, 1955, the university expanded its Shipbuilding College under the direct leadership of the Ministry of First Mechanical Industry. Faculty and students from

2380-479: The Ministry of Education controls all public universities. Students enroll after completing a 8-4-4 educational program system and attaining a mark of C+ or above. Students who meet the criteria set annually by the Kenya Universities and Colleges Central Placement Service receive government sponsorship, with the government providing part of their university or college fees. Students are also eligible for

2450-658: The Ministry of Education took over the university and renamed it, National Chiao Tung University ( Chinese : 国立交通大学 ). During the Second Sino-Japanese War , the university moved to the French Concession , and in 1940 the state-run branch of Jiaotong University was set up in Chongqing . In 1941, to prevent the Wang puppet government from taking over the university, it continued operations under

2520-558: The People's Liberation Army (PLA) captured the western part of Shanghai, allowing Jiao Tong University to gradually resume operations. Classes restarted on June 2, and on June 15, the Shanghai Military Commission officially assumed control of the university. On August 20 of that year, Jinan University's Science College merged into Jiao Tong University, with students relocating to the campus by September 9. Following

2590-679: The Punjab is the biggest public university, followed by University of Karachi . The public universities receive guidance and recognition from the Higher Education Commission . There are more than 500 public higher education institutions in the Philippines that are controlled and managed by the Commission on Higher Education . Of the 500, 436 are state colleges and universities, 31 local colleges and universities, and

2660-786: The Shanghai campus changed its name to Shanghai Jiao Tong University . Xi'an Jiaotong University was immediately listed as a National Key University . Later, it became one of a handful of universities built according to the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and "Eighth Five-Year Plan." In 2000, the State Council approved a merger of Xi'an Medical University and the Shaanxi Institute of Finance and Economics into Xi'an Jiaotong University. Xi'an Jiaotong University has been part of all major government efforts to establish world-class universities in China, including Project 211 , Project 985 ,

2730-686: The Xi'an campus, which was formally separated into Xi'an Jiaotong University on July 31, 1959, with the Shanghai campus renamed Shanghai Jiaotong University. In 1961, Shanghai Jiaotong University came under the dual leadership of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission (NDSC), the Ministry of Education, and the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee. On June 10, the Minyan Road branch campus

2800-490: The campus had started operated, the university decided to operate two campuses, one in Xi'an and another in Shanghai . However, the operation with two campuses were difficult and moving the Xi'an campus back to Shanghai was impossible. Thus, from July 31, 1959, with the approval from State Council of the People's Republic of China , two campuses became independent. The Xi'an campus changed its name to Xi'an Jiaotong University and

2870-632: The central government establishes homogeneous tuition fees for all public universities which are much lower than those of their private counterparts. The highest tuition fee allowed by law was, as of 2010, €14.97 per academic credit, amounting to roughly €900 a year for an average 60-credit full-time course. Tuition fees at private universities might reach €18,000 a year. Xi%27an Jiaotong University XJTU houses five state key laboratories , four state special laboratories, and two state engineering research centers. Two of its eight affiliated teaching hospitals are ranked among China's top 100 hospitals. It

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2940-637: The country’s development and the Self-Strengthening Movement. In 1905, Nanyang Public School was transferred to the Ministry of Commerce and renamed High Industrial School. In 1907, it was handed to the Ministry of Posts and Communications and renamed Shanghai High Industrial School of the Postal Transmission Department. It was known as Grand Nanyang University from 1911 to 1912. After the Republic of China

3010-478: The curriculum. From 1908 to 1920, foreign instructors, largely Americans, accounted for about half of the school's faculty in the disciplinary specialities, with American academics leading both the Departments of Civil Engineering and Electrical Engineering, as the university lacked qualified faculty. However, in the 1920s, many returned student-educators replaced their foreign counterparts. On May 25, 1949,

3080-529: The establishment of the People's Republic of China, Jiao Tong University introduced new majors in December 1950, including automotive engineering, highway management, construction equipment, and civil engineering. On March 1, 1951, the Department of Telecommunication Management was renamed the Department of Telecommunication Engineering Management.By July 28, 1952, the university's faculties were reorganized into three main areas: Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, and Shipbuilding. Subsequently, on August 21,

3150-955: The fee was €1,951 in 2015. Non-European Union students and students who want to complete a second bachelor's or master's degree pay a legal school fee. Annually, these legal school fees range between €7,000 for bachelor programs and €30,000 for master's programs in medicine. The Ministry of Education supervises all universities, including private institutions. Almost all universities in Norway are public and state-funded. In Poland , public universities are established by Acts of Parliament. The government pays all tuition fees and other costs of public university students. In contrast, private citizens, societies, or companies operate private universities that charge tuition fees directly to students. These institutions are generally held in lower regard than public universities. A small number of private universities do not charge fees, such as John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin . There are thirteen public universities,

3220-420: The government through the University Grants Commission , which handles undergraduate placements and staff appointments. The top institutions include the University of Peradeniya founded in 1942 and the University of Colombo founded in 1921. Sri Lanka also has a joint service military university, the General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University , which is operated by the Ministry of Defence . One-third of

3290-455: The legislation of the national government until higher education was moved to the control of the three communities in 1990. Consequently, the Flemish , the French , and the German communities determine which institutes of higher education organize and issue diplomas. Until the 1970s, Belgium had two state universities: the University of Liège (ULiège) and the Ghent University (UGent), both founded in 1817. These are often referred to as

3360-419: The name of Private Nanyang University. In 1942, the Wang government took over Shanghai School. So the Education Department of Guomin Government chose Chongqing Branch as the headquarters of Jiaotong University. In 1943, the graduate school was founded. After the anti-Japanese War was won, Chongqing headquarter went back to Shanghai and merged with Shanghai School. In 1946, the name of state-run Jiaotong University

3430-447: The national or state governments. India also has an "open" public university, the Indira Gandhi National Open University which offers distance education. In terms of the number of enrolled students, it is now the largest university in the world with over four million students. In Indonesia , the government supports public universities in each province. Funding comes through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology and

3500-418: The provincial and municipal governments. Some of the public universities in Iran offer tuition-free and tuition-based programs. State-run universities are highly selective and competitive. There are nine official universities in Israel , a few dozen colleges, and about a dozen foreign university extensions. The Council for Higher Education in Israel supervises all of these institutions academically. Only

3570-494: The public universities in Macau . There are twenty public universities in Malaysia , funded by the government but governed as self-managed institutions. Tribhuvan University was the first public university in Nepal . It operates through six different institutes and is affiliated with various colleges. There are government-funded Purbanchal University and Pokhara University . There are 107 public universities in Pakistan , compared to 76 private universities. University of

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3640-446: The reconstruction of the Department of Civil Engineering in 1985. The Minhang Campus was officially opened in 1987. In 1999, Shanghai Agricultural College merged into SJTU. In 2005, the former Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the former Shanghai Second Medical University ( 上海第二医科大学 ) merged to establish the new Shanghai Jiao Tong University. In 2024 five Shanghai Jiao Tong University students who participated in an exchange program with

3710-661: The region". This contrasts with the research-oriented aspects of national universities. In 2010, 127,872 students were attending 95 public universities, compared to 86 national universities and 597 private universities in Japan. Many public universities are relatively new; in 1980, there were only 34 public universities in Japan. Since July 2003, public universities may incorporate under the Local Independent Administrative Institutions Law. In South Korea , most public universities are national. There are 29 national universities, eighteen special universities, and ten educational universities. In addition, there are two national colleges and

3780-579: The same for all public universities. Except for some fields of study, notably medicine, all Austrians who pass the Matura exam have the right to attend any public university. Overenrolled degree programs have introduced additional entrance exams that students must pass in the first year or before starting the degree, especially with scientific subjects such as biology, chemistry, and physics. Private universities have existed since 1999 but are considered easier than public universities and thus hold less esteem. All public universities in Belgium were operated under

3850-411: The specific education landscape. In contrast a private university is usually owned and operated by a private corporation (not-for-profit or for profit). Both types are often regulated, but to varying degrees, by the government. In Egypt, Al-Azhar University was founded in 970 AD as a madrasa ; it formally became a public university in 1961 and is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in

3920-884: The state despite being state-funded. As of 2022, the communities fund all recognized universities, public and private, which follow the same rules and laws. The state runs most public universities in Croatia . Students who perform well academically pay only administrative fees which are less than €100 per year. Students who fail multiple classes in a year must retake the courses and pay a partial or full tuition fee. Almost all universities in Denmark are public and are held in higher esteem than their private counterparts. Danish students attend university for free. All universities in Finland are public and free of charge. Most universities and grandes écoles in France are public and charge very low tuition fees—less than €1000 per year. Major exceptions are semi-private grandes écoles such as HEC , EMLyon or INSEAD . Article L731-14 of

3990-494: The student's family wealth, the course of study, and exam performance. A few scholarships are available for the best low-income students at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. However, for research, private funding ranges from low to non-existent, compared to most European countries. The Netherlands Ministry of Education funds most public universities. Dutch citizens and those from European Union countries pay an annual tuition fee for their first bachelor's or master's degree;

4060-434: The two historic state universities. In 1965, small specialized single-faculty public institutions were recognized as universities, including the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech ; both are now part of the University of Liège . The Belgian state created smaller public universities that have since merged with larger institutions, including the public university at Mons in 1965 which became part of

4130-399: The university had grown to include 6 departments and 15 majors, with 5,000 students at that time. In March 1958, the Shanghai Shipbuilding Institute and Nanyang College of Technology officially merged with Jiao Tong University. During a May 24-25, 1955 meeting, Jiao Tong University's committee decided to follow central government instructions to relocate the university. On August 20, an office

4200-423: The world based on the number of their scientific publications belonging to the top 1% in their fields for the time period 2018–2021. As the major trading site of the Silk Road , Xi'an has emerged as the site of a major international university alliance associated with the One Belt, One Road initiative. The program was initiated by the principal Shuguo Wang, and it has held forums for it since 2015. The university

4270-420: The world. In the 20th century, Egypt opened many other public universities with government-subsidized tuition fees, including Cairo University in 1908, Alexandria University in 1912, Assiut University in 1928, Ain Shams University in 1957, Helwan University in 1959, Beni-Suef University in 1963, Zagazig University in 1974, Benha University in 1976, and Suez Canal University in 1989. In Kenya ,

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4340-458: Was a high demand for professional talent by the central government. In 1899, the King founded the School for Training of Civil Officials near the northern gate of the royal palace. Graduates from the school became royal pages, a traditional entrance into the Mahattai Ministry or other government ministries. As of 2019, Thailand has nineteen public universities. In Austria , most universities are public. The state regulates tuition fees, making costs

4410-471: Was developed in Mainland China and Chiao Tung University changed its English name to Jiao Tong University . The national strategy adopted in 1956 dictated that the majority of Jiao Tong University would be moved to Xi'an, Shaanxi ( Chinese : 交通大学西迁 ). During the movement, the national strategy was changed and there were questions on necessity of the move. Since the majority of the facilities, staffs, faculties and students had already arrived in Xi'an and

4480-611: Was established in 1912, it was transferred to the Ministry of Communications and renamed the Shanghai Special Industrial School. Tang Wenzhi was the school’s president from 1907 to 1920. During this period, the school organized its curriculum based on Western engineering higher education. The school expanded its civil, mechanical, and electrical engineering programs and introduced a 4-year traffic management program as well as new industrial economy and factory management courses. Moreover, specialized coursework replaced general education requirements, and experiments and practice were prioritized in

4550-498: Was established in Xi'an to begin preparations, and the relocation plan was announced on November 24. In January 1956, a delegation was sent to inspect the Xi'an site. The relocation began in earnest by 1957, with the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee agreeing to the move on June 22. However, just a week later, the university decided to operate campuses in both Shanghai and Xi'an, with only select departments relocating. In September, many Civil Engineering faculty and students transferred to

4620-510: Was founded in 1896, making it one of the earliest universities in China. Sheng Xuanhuai requested the Qing government open the school in October. The proposal was approved by the Guangxu Emperor in December, and Sheng became the school’s first president. As a member of Westernization Movement, Sheng aimed to weaken the imperial examination while promoting a Western academic model and a more practical approach to education. The university initially focused on business and political sciences to support

4690-487: Was handed over to Shanghai Institute of Technology, and by January 10, 1962, the preparatory department followed. On August 29, 1962, Shanghai Jiaotong University was restructured into 8 departments including Shipbuilding, Radio Engineering, and Electrical Engineering. In 1970, SJTU was placed under the Sixth Ministry of Machinery Industry's leadership. In 1978, the university re-established departments in Applied Mathematics, Applied Physics, and Engineering Mechanics, followed by

4760-455: Was involved in a number of nationwide experiments and pilot projects including the Ministry of Education "Demonstration Project of Internet Education Based on Satellite and Terrestrial Networks"; " Tenth Five-Year Plan " key project "real-time teaching system"; and the National Science Fund projects "Study of Individual and Interactive Virtual Collaborative Learning Environment" and "Study and Application of Personality Mining in E-Learning". XJTU

4830-399: Was ranked #179 by U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Ranking , #157 by the Center for World University Rankings , and # 95 by Academic Ranking of World Universities . Xi'an Jiaotong graduates are highly desired in China and worldwide. In 2017, its Graduate Employability rankings placed at #101 in the world in the QS Graduate Employability Rankings. Internationally, XJTU

4900-423: Was recovered. After the Kuomintang were defeated in 1949, a part of the faculty retreated to Taiwan with Chiang Kai-shek and, in 1958, formed the eponymous National Chiao Tung University in Taiwan . The institution that remained in Shanghai was renamed Chiao Tung University to reflect the fact that all universities under the new socialist state would be public. In the 1950s, the pinyin romanization system

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