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54-506: Shangli County has 6 towns and 3 townships. The population of the district was 457,586 in 1999. This Jiangxi location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Jiangxi Jiangxi is an inland province in the east of the People's Republic of China . Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang . Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in

108-703: A complete list of county-level divisions . The Politics of Jiangxi is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The Governor of Jiangxi is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Jiangxi. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Jiangxi Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary , colloquially termed

162-626: A constant threat to the Chu Kingdom. Wu planted seeds of rebellion amongst Chu's vassals along the Yangtze valley. Wu Zixu , a highly influential Chu politician's father and brother was murdered by King Ping of Chu and fled to Wu plotting revenge. Wu Zixu later became a trusted advisor of Prince Guang and helped him assassinate his cousin King Liao of Wu and usurp the throne. After the successful assassination of King Liao, Prince Guang ascended

216-820: A military campaign in the north, Goujian enacted his revenge and launched a surprise attack on Wu in 482 BC and conquered the capital. Over the next decade, Wu was unable to recover and Yue absorbed the state in 473 BC. Wu, Yue, and Chu all proclaimed themselves kings in the 6th century BC, showing the drastic weakening of the Zhou court's authority during the Spring and Autumn period . Wu and Yue were masters of metallurgy, fabricating excellent swords with incised messages, geometric patterns, and inlaid gold or silver. Wu and Yue swords tend to use much more tin than copper compared to those of other states. Wu often sent swords as gifts to northern states, such as Qi and Cai . Examples include

270-455: A planning area of 1 km (0.39 sq mi) and now has built 0.31 km (0.12 sq mi). It enjoys simple and convenient customs clearances, and special preferential policies both for Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone and NCHDZ. Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (NCHDZ for short hereafter) is the only national grade high-tech zoned in Jiangxi, it

324-583: A trend to establish provinces ( zhou ) all across China. In 291 AD, during the Western Jin dynasty , Jiangxi became its own Zhou called Jiangzhou ( 江州 , Gan: Kong-chiu). During the Southern and Northern Dynasties , Jiangxi was under the control of the southern dynasties, and the number of zhou slowly grew. During the Sui dynasty , there were seven commanderies and twenty-four counties in Jiangxi. During

378-420: Is 1,200 to 1,900 millimetres (47 to 75 in), much of it falling in the heavy rains occurring in late spring and summer. Nanchang , the provincial capital and the most densely populated city, is one of the largest Chinese metropolises . Nanchang is the hub of Jiangxi civilization throughout its history, which plays a leading role in the commercial, intellectual and industrial and political fields. Ganzhou

432-401: Is approximately 39.66 million. 99.73% of that is Han Chinese , predominantly Gan and Hakka . Ganzhou , Jiangxi's largest city, has an especially large number of Hakka. Ethnic minorities include She . Jiangxi and Henan both have the most unbalanced gender ratios of all Chinese provinces. Based on a 2009 British Medical Journal study, the ratio is over 140 boys for every 100 girls in

486-458: Is involved in ancestor veneration , while 2.31% of the population identifies as Christian. The reports didn't give figures for other types of religion; 73.64% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in worship of nature deities , Buddhism, Confucianism , Taoism, folk religious sects . Jiangxi is the main area of concentration of the Gan varieties of Chinese , spoken over most of

540-509: Is linguistically diverse. It is considered the center of Gan Chinese ; Hakka Chinese , is also spoken to some degree. Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits of copper , tungsten , gold , silver , uranium , thorium , tantalum , niobium and lithium . Jiangxi is centered on the Gan River valley, which historically provided the main north–south transport route of south China. The corridor along

594-632: Is rich and distinctive. Flavors are some of the strongest in China, with heavy use of chili peppers and especially pickled and fermented products. Jingdezhen is widely regarded as the producer of the best porcelain in China. Jiangxi also was a historical center of Chan Buddhism . Prominent examples of Hakka architecture can be found in Jiangxi. As of January 2015, Jiangxi had two Yangtze River crossings , both in Jiujiang. The Beijing–Kowloon Railway and Shanghai–Kunming Railway crisscross

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648-461: Is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits of copper , tungsten , gold , silver , uranium , thorium , tantalum , niobium , among others. Noted centers of mining include Dexing (copper) and Dayu County (tungsten). It is located in extreme proximity to some of the richest provinces of China ( Guangdong , Zhejiang , Fujian ), which are sometimes blamed for taking away talent and capital from Jiangxi. Jiangxi has

702-516: Is the largest subdivision of Jiangxi. Major cities in Jiangxi include: Jiangxi is divided into eleven prefecture-level divisions : all prefecture-level cities : These prefecture-level cities are in turn subdivided into 100 county-level divisions (27 districts , 12 county-level cities , and 61 counties ). Those in turn are divided into 1566 township-level divisions (830 towns , 560 townships , 8 ethnic townships , and 168 subdistricts ). See List of administrative divisions of Jiangxi for

756-859: The Chinese Civil War . Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, the Chinese Soviet Republic 's government was established in Ruijin , which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital", or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began

810-590: The Han dynasty , traced its royal lineage to Taibo , a relative of King Wen of Zhou . According to the Records of the Grand Historian , Taibo was the oldest son of Gugong Danfu and the elder uncle of King Wen who started the Zhou dynasty. Gugong Danfu had three sons named Taibo, Zhongyong , and Jili . Taibo was the oldest of three brothers, Jili being the youngest. Realizing that his youngest brother, Jili,

864-526: The Long March to Yan'an . The southern half of Jiangxi is hilly and mountainous, with ranges and valleys interspersed; notable mountains and mountain ranges include Mount Lu , the Jinggang Mountains and Mount Sanqing . The northern half is comparatively lower in altitude. The Gan River flows through the province. Although the majority of Jiangxi's population is Han Chinese , Jiangxi

918-585: The Ming dynasty after Guangdong was separated out. There has been little change to the borders of Jiangxi since. After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for the Communists and many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. The Nanchang Uprising took place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during the Chinese Civil War . Later the Communist leadership hid in

972-569: The State of Qi in 484 BC. King Helü of Wu is considered to be one of the Five Hegemons of China during the Spring and Autumn period due to his military successes at this time with the help of his famous commander/strategist Sun Tzu . Wu is also generally regarded as developing the first Chinese Navy. This navy was quite complex and had different classes of ships. Its "classes" of ships were

1026-516: The Tang dynasty , another commandery and fourteen counties were added. Commanderies were then abolished, becoming zhou (henceforth translated as "prefectures" rather than "provinces"). Circuits were established during the Tang dynasty as a new top-level administrative division. At first Jiangxi was part of the Jiangnan Circuit (lit. "Circuit south of the Yangtze"). In 733, this circuit

1080-590: The Yangtze River . During the Song dynasty , Jiangnanxi Circuit was reestablished with nine prefectures and four army districts (with sixty-eight districts). During the Yuan dynasty , the circuit was divided into thirteen different circuits, and Jiangxi Province was established for the first time. This province also included the majority of modern Guangdong . Jiangxi acquired (more or less) its modern borders during

1134-678: The Yuehan Railway in Hunan, Jiangxi lost its important position regarding north–south traffic. In 1937, the east-west Zhegan Railway was opened to traffic, which changed the original traffic patterns in Jiangxi to a large extent. The Jiujiang Port ( 九江港 ) began to decline in importance. Following the Doolittle Raid during World War II , most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with

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1188-471: The "Jiangxi CCP Party Chief". Jiangxi was a major recipient of China's investment in industrial capacity during the Third Front campaign. Rice is the dominant crop in Jiangxi. Cash crops commonly grown include cotton and rapeseed . Jiangxi is the leading producer of kumquats in China, particularly Suichuan County . Mining-related industries are a major part of Jiangxi's economy. Jiangxi

1242-469: The 1–4 age group. In 2019 the most-common surname in Jiangxi was Liú (刘), the only province where this was the case. Overall Liu is the fourth-most common surname in the country. Religion in Jiangxi The predominant religions in Jiangxi are Chinese folk religions , Taoist traditions and Chinese Buddhism . According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 24.05% of the population believes and

1296-688: The CCP upon the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The Republican provincial government was evacuated to Taichung in Taiwan Province before dissolving itself that same year. Mountains surround Jiangxi on three sides, with the Mufu Mountains , Jiuling Mountains , and Luoxiao Mountains on the west; Huaiyu Mountains and Wuyi Mountains on the east; and the Jiulian Mountains ( 九连山 ) and Dayu Mountains in

1350-571: The Gan River is one of the few easily traveled routes through the otherwise mountainous and rugged terrain of the south-eastern mountains. This open corridor was the primary route for trade and communication between the North China Plain and the Yangtze River valley in the north and the territory of modern Guangdong province in the south. As a result, Jiangxi has been strategically important throughout much of China's history. Jiangxi

1404-455: The Han dynasty the commandery's eighteen counties covered most of the modern province of Jiangxi. The county seats of Nanchang, Gan, Yudu, Luling among others were located at the sites of modern major cities. Other counties, however, have been moved or abolished in later centuries. Under the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty , Yuzhang Commandery was assigned to Yangzhou Province , as part of

1458-597: The National Government carried out five military campaigns against the Jiangxi Soviet area. Its brutal two-party battles and cleansing (including the internal cleansing of the Red Army and the cleaning of the post-war government) caused a large number of deaths or escapes, causing the population of Jiangxi to drop by 40%, until only 13.8 million people were left in 1936. In 1936, after the opening of

1512-504: The Wu army captured Ying , Chu's capital. After entering Ying, Wu Zixu exhumed King Ping's corpse, and gave it 300 lashes to exact vengeance on for his father and brother who were murdered by the Chu King. The military victory led to Wu Zixu's elevation to Duke of Shen and his alias Shenxu. After these victories, Wu briefly became the most powerful state and turned to other campaigns, defeating

1566-404: The Wu region ( Baiyue ) is distinct from Old Chinese spoken by central Chinese states. Historians have attempted to link the language with Austronesian languages , Kra–Dai or a non-Chinese Sino-Tibetan language . Baiyue language, also known as Old Yue language, went extinct in around 100, but a substrate is still preserved in contemporary Wu dialects. "Wu" continues to be used as a name for

1620-448: The Yue and captured their King Goujian , Wu failed to completely subjugate Yue, in part because of Fuchai's willingness to let King Goujian live in Wu as his servant. King Goujian suffered for years as Fuchai's servant/slave and planned his revenge. Fuchai under the promise of peace, let Goujian return to Yue, his homeland which later proved to be a fatal mistake for Wu. While Wu was engaged in

1674-463: The father of King Wen, who is attributed to starting the Zhou dynasty. Little is known about the history of Wu before the Spring and Autumn period . Wu rose to power in the 6th century BC, after it was aided by the State of Jin as a useful ally against the State of Chu. In 584 BC, Wu rebelled against Chu upon the advice of Wuchen, a Jin minister, who defected from Chu. From then on, Wu would become

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1728-486: The great wing ( da yi - 大翼), the little wing ( xiao yi - 小翼), the stomach striker ( tu wei - 突冒), the castle ship ( lou chuan - 楼船), and the bridge ship ( qiao chuan - 桥船). These were listed in the Yuejueshu (越绝书 - Lost Records of the State of Yue ) as a written dialogue between King Helü of Wu (r. 514 BC–496 BC) and Wu Zixu (526 BC–484 BC) in which the latter stated: Nowadays in training naval forces we use

1782-589: The help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. The Imperial Japanese Army began the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to intimidate the Chinese from helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians of China while searching for Doolittle's men. Jiangxi came under the full control of

1836-584: The lowest wages and third lowest property prices in all of China., As of 2016 Jiangxi's nominal GDP was CNY 1.84 trillion or US$ 276.48 billion, and a per capita of CNY 40,400 or US$ 6,082. Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone is located in Nanchang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, it was approved by the State Council on May 8, 2006, and passed the national acceptance inspection on Sep 7th, 2007. It has

1890-448: The mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, the Chinese Soviet Republic 's government was established in Ruijin , which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital" ( 红色故都 , Gan: Fūng-set Kū-tu), or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began the Long March to Yan'an . From 1930 to 1934,

1944-508: The new heir. After the collapse of the state, the other three sons of Fuchai were exiled. Themselves, their blood relatives and descendants took Wu as their clan name in honor of their fallen kingdom. The Records of the Grand Historian states that the people in Wu wore their hair short and sported tattoos. For Sima Qian this would have illustrated their supposed barbarism, as in his time Chinese men and women were not allowed to cut their hair or otherwise modify their body - doing so

1998-428: The north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest. The name "Jiangxi" is derived from the circuit administrated under the Tang dynasty in 733, Jiangnanxidao . The abbreviation for Jiangxi is " 赣 ", for the Gan River which runs across from

2052-1030: The north, the largest freshwater lake of China; that lake in turn empties into the Yangtze River , which forms part of the northern border of Jiangxi. Important reservoirs include the Xiushui Tuolin Reservoir in the northwest of the province on the Xiushui River , and the Wan'an Reservoir(zh) in the upper section of the Gan. Jiangxi has a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa under the Köppen climate classification ), with short, cool, damp winters, and very hot, humid summers. Average temperatures are about 3 to 9 °C (37 to 48 °F) in January and 27 to 30 °C (81 to 86 °F) in July. Annual precipitation

2106-464: The northern two-thirds of the province. Examples include the Nanchang dialect , Yichun dialect and Ji'an dialect . The southern one-third of the province speaks Hakka . There are also Mandarin , Huizhou , and Wu dialects spoken along the northern border. Ganju (Jiangxi opera) is the type of Chinese opera performed in Jiangxi. Although little known outside of the province, Jiangxi cuisine

2160-609: The province and intersect at Nanchang, which also has a high-speed rail link to Jiujiang . In addition, Jiangxi is connected by rail to Anhui Province via the Anhui–Jiangxi and Tongling–Jiujiang Railways ; to Hubei via the Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway ; and to Fujian via the Yingtan–Xiamen , Hengfeng–Nanping , Ganzhou–Longyan and Xiangtang–Putian Railways . Wu (state) Wu ( Chinese : 吳 ; pinyin : Wú )

2214-611: The region around Suzhou and Shanghai and their regional speech, Wu Chinese . It was employed by other states and princes holding power in the region, most notably Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms , and Wu and Wuyue of the Ten Kingdoms . Ambassadorial visits to Japan by the later Chinese dynasties Wei and Jin recorded that the Wajin of Japan claimed to be descendants of Taibo of Wu, traditionally believed to be

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2268-470: The south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called Ganpo Dadi which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and Po ". After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for the Communists and many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. The Nanchang Uprising took place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during

2322-516: The south. The southern half of the province is hilly with ranges and valleys interspersed; while the northern half is flatter and lower in altitude. The highest point in Jiangxi is Mount Huanggang ( 黄岗山 ) in the Wuyi Mountains, on the border with Fujian . It has an altitude of 2,157 metres (7,077 ft). The Gan River dominates the province, flowing through the entire length of the province from south to north. It enters Lake Poyang in

2376-421: The spearhead of King Fuchai and the sword of Prince Guang . Chinese historical texts linked the kings of Wu to Taibo , the uncle of King Wen of Zhou . Their ancestral name was Ji and their clan name was Gufa. The last king of Wu, King Fuchai had at least four sons, three of whom were named You, Hong and Hui. You was his heir but was killed in one of the battles leading to the defeat of Wu, and Hong became

2430-480: The state of Chu (based in modern Hubei ) took over northern Jiangxi and there may have been some Yue influence in the south. Chu subjugated Yue in 333 BC. In 223 BC, when Qin conquered Chu, a majority of the Jiangxi area was recorded to be put under Jiujiang Commandery situated in Shouchun ( 壽春 ). However the commandery was ineffective and ended shortly when Qin falls. Yuzhang Commandery ( 豫章 , Gan: Ì-zong)

2484-438: The tactics of land forces for the best effect. Thus great wing ships correspond to the army's heavy chariots , little wing ships to light chariots, stomach strikers to battering rams , castle ships to mobile assault towers , and bridge ships to light cavalry . Ironically, Wu was later threatened by an upstart state to its own south, Yue ; Chu then aided Yue's rise as a counter to Wu. Although Wu won majority of battles against

2538-477: The throne and became known as King Helü of Wu . In 506 BC, during the reign of King Zhao of Chu , King Helü decided to invade Chu. The king personally led the army, along with his younger brother Fugai , Wu Zixu, as well as Sun Tzu , author of The Art of War . Although Chu had a strong army led by Nang Wa and Shen Yinshu , it suffered a heavy defeat at the Battle of Boju . King Zhao of Chu fled to Sui and

2592-693: Was a state during the Western Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period , outside the Zhou cultural sphere. It was also known as Gouwu ( 句吳 ) or Gongwu ( 工/攻吳 ) from the pronunciation of the local language. Wu was located at the mouth of the Yangtze River east of the State of Chu and south of the State of Qi . Its first capital was at Meili (梅里, in modern Wuxi ), then Helü 's City (闔閭, in present-day Xueyan town near Wuxi ), and later moved to Gusu (姑蘇, probably in modern Suzhou ). A founding myth of Wu, first recorded by Sima Qian in

2646-401: Was considered an offence against the ancestors from which one had inherited one's physical features. Wu rulers did not receive posthumous names after death. The famed military strategist Sun Tzu , renowned for his military treatise The Art of War , served as a general under King Helü of Wu. The rulers of Wu are said to be descendants of early Zhou ; however, the indigenous language of

2700-550: Was divided into western and eastern halves. Jiangxi was found in the western half, which was called Jiangnanxi Circuit (lit. "Western circuits south of the Yangtze"). This is the source of the modern name "Jiangxi". The Tang dynasty collapsed in 907, heralding the division of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Jiangxi first belonged to Wu ( 吳 , Gan: Ng), then to Southern Tang ( 南唐 , Gan: Nām-thóng). Both states were based in modern-day Nanjing , further down

2754-534: Was established in Jiangxi at the beginning of the Han dynasty , possibly before the death of Xiang Yu in 202 BC, and it was also the first commandery set up by Chinese dynasty in Jiangxi. It was named after the Yuzhang River ( 豫章江 , Gan: Ì-zong Kong), the original name of Gan River. "Gan" has become the abbreviation of the province. In 201, eight counties were added to the original seven of Qin, and three more were established in later years. Throughout most of

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2808-464: Was established in Mar. 1991. The zone covers an area of 231 km (89 sq mi), in which 32 km (12 sq mi) have been completed. NCHDZ possesses unique nature condition and sound industry foundation of accepting electronics industry. NCHDZ has brought 25% industrial added value and 50% industrial benefit and tax to Nanchang city by using only 0.4% land area. The population of Jiangxi

2862-456: Was favored by his father to inherit the throne of Predynastic Zhou , the older brothers Taibo and Zhongyong left Zhou to avoid conflict and settled southeast to Wu with a group of followers loyal to him and his brother Zhongyong. They established their first capital at Meili ( 梅里 ), believed to be today's Meicun in Wuxi . Taibo's youngest brother Jili who was eventually the heir of the throne became

2916-534: Was outside the sphere of influence of early Chinese civilization during the Shang dynasty (16th to 11th centuries BC). It is likely that peoples collectively known as the Baiyue inhabited the region. During the Spring and Autumn period , the northern part of modern Jiangxi formed the western frontier of the state of Wu . After Wu was conquered by the state of Yue (a power based in modern northern Zhejiang ) in 473 BC,

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