Pius I ( Greek : Πίος) was the bishop of Rome from c. 140 to his death c. 154, according to the Annuario Pontificio . His dates are listed as 142 or 146 to 157 or 161, respectively. He is considered to have opposed both the Valentinians and Gnostics during his papacy. He is considered a saint by the Catholic Church with a feast day in 11 July, but it is unclear if he died as a martyr .
40-774: Pope Pius may refer to: People [ edit ] Popes of the Roman Catholic Church [ edit ] Pope Pius I (c. 140–154; officially listed as 142/146 – 157/161) Pope Pius II (1458–1464) Pope Pius III (1503) Pope Pius IV (1559–1565) Pope Pius V (1566–1572) Pope Pius VI (1775–1799) Pope Pius VII (1800–1823) Pope Pius VIII (1829–1830) Pope Pius IX (1846–1878) Pope Pius X (1903–1914) Pope Pius XI (1922–1939) Pope Pius XII (1939–1958) Other people [ edit ] Lucian Pulvermacher (Antipope Pius XIII; 1998–2009) Fictional people [ edit ] Pius XV ,
80-535: A Frankish one with Eric of Friuli as duke. In 787, Charlemagne named the priest and master of grammar at the Palace School of Paulinus II , the new patriarch of Aquileia. The patriarchate, despite being divided with a northern portion assigned to the pastoral care of the newly created Archbishopric of Salzburg, would remain one of the largest dioceses. Although Paulinus resided mainly at Cividale, his successor Maxentius considered rebuilding Aquileia. However,
120-755: A character in the Babylon 5 universe Pope Pius XIII, a character in the television series The Young Pope Pope Pius XIII, a character in the 1978 film Foul Play Pope Pius XIII, a character in the book series “ Vatican Knights ” by Rick Jones Pope Pius XVI, a character in Angels & Demons by Dan Brown See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "pope-pius" on Misplaced Pages. All pages with titles beginning with Pope Pius All pages with titles containing Pope Pius Pope Pius XIII (disambiguation) Pius (disambiguation) Pope (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
160-634: A strategic frontier fortress at the north-east corner of transpadane Italy (on the far side of the Po river) and was intended to protect the Veneti , faithful allies of Rome during the invasion of Hannibal in the Second Punic War and during the Illyrian Wars . The colony would serve as a citadel to check the advance into Cisalpine Gaul of other warlike peoples, such as the hostile Carni to
200-673: Is 11 July. In the Tridentine calendar it was given the rank of "Simple" and celebrated as the feast of a martyr. The rank of the feast was reduced to a Commemoration in the 1955 General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII and the General Roman Calendar of 1960. Aquileia Aquileia is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about 10 kilometres (6 mi) from
240-627: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pope Pius I Pius is believed to have been born at Aquileia , in Northern Italy, during the late 1st century. His father was an Italian called Rufinus, and according to the Liber Pontificalis was also a native of Aquileia. According to the 2nd-century Muratorian Canon and the Liberian Catalogue , Pius
280-782: The Via Popilia from the Roman colony of Ariminium to Ad Portum near Altinum in 132 BC improved communications still further. In the first century, the Via Gemina would link Aquileia with Emona to the east of the Julian Alps, and by 78 or 79 the Via Flavia would link Aquileia to Pula . Meanwhile, in 169 BC, 1,500 more Latin colonists with their families, led by the triumvirate of Titus Annius Lucius , Publius Decius Subulo , and Marcus Cornelius Cethegus , settled in
320-479: The Diocese of Aquileia obtained the rank of metropolitan archbishop . A council held in the city in 381 was only the first of a series of Councils of Aquileia that have been convened over the centuries. However, the city played a part in the struggles between the rulers of the fourth century. In 340, the emperor Constantine II was killed nearby while invading the territory of his younger brother Constans . At
360-740: The Schism of the Three Chapters , rejecting the Second Council of Constantinople , elected a patriarch at Aquileia. Thus, the diocese was essentially divided into two parts, with the mainland patriarchate of Aquileia under the protection of the Lombards, and the insular patriarchate of Aquileia seated in Grado being protected by the exarchate of Ravenna and later the Doges of Venice , with
400-573: The 2nd century during the reigns of the Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius . He is held to be the ninth successor of Saint Peter , and to have decreed that Easter should only be kept on a Sunday. Although he is said to have ordered the publication of the Liber Pontificalis , in fact compilation of that document was not started before the beginning of the 6th century. Pius is also said to have built one of
440-564: The Patriarchate of Aquileia had been transferred to Udine in 1238, but returned to Aquileia in 1420 when Venice annexed the territory of Udine. In 1445, the defeated patriarch Ludovico Trevisan acquiesced in the loss of his ancient temporal estate in return for an annual salary of 5,000 ducats allowed him from the Venetian treasury. Henceforth only Venetians were allowed to hold the title of Patriarch of Aquileia. The Patriarchal State
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#1732773320970480-737: The cathedral of Aquileia, entered and sacked neighbouring Grado, and, though the Pope reconfirmed the Patriarch of the latter in his dignities, the town never fully recovered, though it continued to be the seat of the Patriarchate until its formal transference to Venice in 1450. In the fourteenth century the Patriarchal State reached its largest extension, stretching from the Piave river to the Julian Alps and northern Istria . The seat of
520-425: The city in 452. During this invasion, on July 18, Attila and his Huns so utterly destroyed the city that it was afterwards hard to recognize its original site. The fall of Aquileia was the first of Attila's incursions into Roman territory; followed by cities like Mediolanum and Ticinum . The Roman inhabitants, together with those of smaller towns in the neighbourhood, fled en masse to the lagoons, where they laid
560-462: The city was able to develop its resources. Jewish artisans established a flourishing trade in glass-work . Metal from Noricum was forged and exported. The ancient Venetic trade in amber from the Baltic continued. Wine, especially its famous Pucinum was exported. Olive oil was imported from Proconsular Africa . By sea, the port of Aquae Gradatae ( modern Grado ) was developed. On land, Aquileia
600-529: The collusion of the Lombards. The line of the patriarchs elected in Aquileia would continue in schism until 699. However, although they kept the title of patriarch of Aquileia, they moved their residence first to Cormons and later to Cividale . The Lombard dukes of Friuli ruled Aquileia and the surrounding mainland territory from Cividale . In 774, Charlemagne conquered the Lombard duchy and made it into
640-647: The end of the Baltic amber ( sucinum ) trade. It is, therefore, theoretically not unlikely that Aquileia had been a Gallic oppidum even before the coming of the Romans. However, few Celtic artefacts have been discovered from 500 BC to the Roman arrival. The colony was established with Latin Rights by the triumvirate of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica , Caius Flaminius , and Lucius Manlius Acidinus , two of whom were of consular and one of praetorian rank. Each of
680-496: The end of the fourth century, Ausonius enumerated Aquileia as the ninth among the great cities of the world, placing Rome, Constantinople , Carthage , Antioch , Alexandria , Trier , Mediolanum , and Capua before it. However, such prominence made it a target and Alaric and the Visigoths besieged it in 401, during which time some of its residents fled to the nearby lagoons. Alaric again attacked it in 408. Attila attacked
720-408: The evidence of names chiselled on stone, the majority of colonizing families came from Picenum , Samnium , and Campania , which also explains why the colony was Latin and not Roman . Among these colonists, pedites received 50 iugera of land each, centuriones received 100 iugera each, and equites received 140 iugera each. Either at the founding or not long afterwards, colonists from
760-534: The foundations of the cities of Venice and nearby Grado . Yet Aquileia would rise again, though much diminished, and continue to exist until the Lombards invaded in 568; the Lombards destroyed it a second time in 590. Meanwhile, the patriarch fled to the island town of Grado, which was under the protection of the Byzantines. When the patriarch residing in Grado reconciled with Rome in 606, those continuing in
800-502: The inhabitants would suffer under the raids of the Magyars . By the eleventh century, the patriarch of Aquileia had grown strong enough to assert temporal sovereignty over Friuli and Aquileia. The Holy Roman Emperor gave the region to the patriarch as a feudal possession. However, the patriarch's temporal authority was constantly disputed and assailed by the territorial nobility. In 1027 and 1044 Patriarch Poppo of Aquileia , who rebuilt
840-672: The largest Roman city yet to be excavated and is on the UNESCO World Heritage List . Excavations, however, have revealed some of the layout of the Roman town like a segment of a street, the north-western angle of the town walls; the river port; and the former locations of baths, an amphitheatre , a circus , a cemetery, the Via Sacra , the forum and a market. The National Archaeological Museum of Aquileia contains over 2,000 inscriptions, statues and other antiquities and mosaics, as well as glasses of local production and
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#1732773320970880-519: The men had first-hand knowledge of Cisalpine Gaul. Nasica had conquered the Boii in 191. Flaminius had overseen the construction of the road named after him from Bononia ( Bologna ) to Arretium ( Arezzo ). Acidinus had conquered the Taurisci in 183. The triumvirate led 3,000 families to settle the area meaning Aquileia probably had a population of 20,000 soon after its founding. Meanwhile, based on
920-544: The nearby Veneti supplemented these families. Roads soon connected Aquileia with the Roman colony of Bologna probably in 173 BC. In 148 BC, it was connected with Genua by the Via Postumia , which stretched across the Padanian plain from Aquileia through or near to Opitergium , Tarvisium , Vicetia , Verona , Bedriacum , and the three Roman colonies of Cremona , Placentia , and Dertona . The construction of
960-465: The northeast in what is now Carnia and Histri tribes to the southeast in what is now Istria . In fact, the site chosen for Aquileia was about 6 km (3.7 mi) from where an estimated 12,000 Celtic Taurisci nomads had attempted to settle in 183 BC. However, since the thirteenth century BC, the site, on the river and at the head of the Adriatic, had also been of commercial importance as
1000-597: The oldest churches in Rome, Santa Pudenziana . Justin Martyr taught Christian doctrine in Rome during the pontificate of Pius I but the account of Justin's martyrdom does not name Pius. Given the brevity of the account this is hardly remarkable. The heretics Valentinus , Cerdon , and Marcion visited Rome in Pius' time, and he is believed to have excommunicated both groups. Catholic apologists see this as an argument for
1040-632: The original Latin colony became a municipium and its citizens were ascribed to the Roman tribe Velina. The customs boundary of Italy was close by in Cicero 's day. Julius Caesar visited the city on a number of occasions and pitched a winter camp nearby in 59–58 BC. Although the Iapydes plundered Aquileia during the Augustan period , subsequent increased settlement and no lack of profitable work meant
1080-516: The populace adopted the Roman pantheon, although the Celtic sun-god, Belenus , had a large following. Jews practiced their ancestral religion. Meanwhile, soldiers brought the martial cult of Mithras . In the war against the Marcomanni in 167, the town was hard pressed; its fortifications had fallen into disrepair during the long peace. Nevertheless, when in 168 Marcus Aurelius made Aquileia
1120-548: The primacy of the Roman See during the 2nd century. There is some conjecture that Pius was a martyr in Rome, a conjecture that entered earlier editions of the Roman Breviary . The study that had produced the 1969 revision of the General Roman Calendar stated that there were no grounds for his being considered a martyr, and he is not presented as such in the current Roman Martyrology . Pius I's feast day
1160-524: The principal fortress of the empire against the barbarians of the North and East, it rose to the pinnacle of its greatness and soon had a population of 100,000. Septimius Severus visited in 193. In 238, when the town took the side of the Senate against the emperor Maximinus Thrax , the fortifications were hastily restored, and proved of sufficient strength to resist for several months , until Maximinus himself
1200-518: The project never came to fruition. While Maxentius was patriarch, the pope approved the Synod of Mantua, which affirmed the precedence of the mainland patriarch of Aquileia over the patriarch of Grado. However, material conditions were soon to worsen for Aquileia. The ruins of Aquileia were continually pillaged for building material. And with the collapse of the Carolingians in the tenth century,
1240-562: The road to Tarsatica (near Fiume, now Rijeka ) and Siscia ( Sisak ), and the road to Tergeste ( Trieste ) and the Istrian coast. Augustus was the first of a number of emperors to visit Aquileia, notably during the Pannonian wars in 12–10 BC. It was the birthplace of Tiberius ' son by Julia, in the latter year. The Roman poet Martial praised Aquileia as his hoped-for haven and resting place in his old age. In terms of religion,
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1280-475: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pope Pius . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pope_Pius&oldid=1159200783 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Title and name disambiguation pages Papal names Hidden categories: Short description
1320-404: The sea, on the river Natiso (modern Natisone ), the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times. Today, the city is small (about 3,500 inhabitants), but it was large and prominent in classical antiquity as one of the world's largest cities with a population of 100,000 in the second century AD and is one of the main archaeological sites of northern Italy . In late antiquity the city
1360-468: The site of an earlier church and rebuilt in the Gothic style by Patriarch Marquard of Randeck (1365-1381). Today, Aquileia is a town that is smaller than it was when the colony was first founded by Rome. Over the centuries, sieges, earthquakes, floods and pillaging of the ancient buildings for materials mean that no building from the Roman period remain above ground. The site of Aquileia is believed to be
1400-431: The town as a reinforcement to the garrison. The discovery of the gold fields near the modern Klagenfurt in 130 BC brought the growing colony into further notice, and it soon became a place of importance, not only owing to its strategic military position, but as a centre of commerce, especially in agricultural products and viticulture . It also had, in later times at least, considerable brickfields . In 90 BC,
1440-491: Was assassinated. An imperial palace was constructed in Aquileia, in which the emperors after the time of Diocletian frequently resided. During the fourth century, Aquileia maintained its importance. Constantine sojourned there on numerous occasions. It became a naval station and the seat of the Corrector Venetiarum et Histriae . A mint was established, of which the coins were very numerous. The bishop of
1480-507: Was incorporated in the Republic of Venice with the name of Patria del Friuli , ruled by a provveditore generale or a luogotenente living in Udine . The Patriarchal diocese was only finally officially suppressed in 1751, and the sees of Udine and Gorizia were established from its territory. Aquileia Cathedral is a flat-roofed basilica that was erected by Patriarch Poppo in 1031 on
1520-405: Was the brother of Hermas , author of the text known as The Shepherd of Hermas . Its author identifies himself as a former slave, a fact which has led to speculation that both Hermas and Pius were freedmen . However Hermas' statement that he was a slave may just mean that he belonged to a low-ranking plebeian family. According to Catholic tradition , Pius I governed the church in the middle of
1560-699: Was the first city in the Italian Peninsula to be sacked by Attila the Hun . It is currently a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine , Friuli-Venezia Giulia . Aquileia was founded as a colony by the Romans in 180/181 BC along the Natiso River, on land south of the Julian Alps but about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of the lagoons. The colony served as
1600-486: Was the starting-point of several important roads leading outside Italy to the north-eastern portion of the empire — the road ( Via Julia Augusta ) by Iulium Carnicum ( Zuglio ) to Veldidena (mod. Wilten , near Innsbruck ), from which branched off the road into Noricum , leading by Virunum ( Klagenfurt ) to Laurieum ( Lorch ) on the Danube , the road leading via Emona into Pannonia and to Sirmium ( Sremska Mitrovica ),
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