Misplaced Pages

#33966

96-602: Panyu lies at the heart of the Pearl River Delta , its boundary straddles from latitudes 22.26' to 23.05', and sprawls from longitudes 113.14' to 113.42'. Facing the Lion Sea in the east and the estuary of the Pearl River in the south, its eastern border is separated from Dongguan by a strip of water, and the western border of Panyu is adjacent to the cities of Nanhai , Shunde and Zhongshan , while it abuts

192-637: A "Turn The Pearl River Delta Into One" project. The stated goal was to "mesh the transport, energy, water and telecommunications networks of the nine cities together." (Hong Kong and Macau were not included.) However, the Chinese government denied that such a project existed. The Pearl River Delta is notoriously polluted. After thirty years of rapid industrialization, the Pearl River Delta has in parts been famed for pollution. Acid rain , smog , water pollution , and electronic waste contribute to

288-418: A Clean Production Audit according to Article 28 of China's Cleaner Production Promotion Law . Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau took a stance against the companies by blacklisting them. Pearl River Delta is a strong source of greenhouse gases as well. Although it is hard to estimate overall greenhouse gas emissions from such a large megacity, scientists have shown that Pearl River Delta exhibits one of

384-532: A half years after construction started, the 5.4 km (3.4 mi) section from Xilang to Huangsha opened for trial operation on 28 June 1997. The remaining 13 km (8.1 mi), from Huangsha to Guangzhou East railway station , was completed eighteen months later on 28 December 1998. The entire line opened for sightseeing tours between 16 February and 2 March 1999, delivering 1.39 million rides 15 days before closing for final testing. Operation of Line 1 officially began on 28 June 1999, 34 years after

480-400: A journey exceeds four hours. Passengers may carry luggage below weight and size limits at no cost or a ¥2 surcharge. Single journey tickets can be bought at a kiosk at every station or at the automatic ticket vending machines. The ticket itself is a contactless radio-frequency plastic token. The user has to tap it on the sensor on the ticket barrier when entering and insert it into a slot at

576-457: A long list of health problems such as cancer , endocrine disruption , renal failure and damage to the nervous system as well being known to harm the environment. Three of the five facilities sampled (Qingyuan Top Dragon Co. Ltd, Wing Fung P.C. Board Co. Ltd. and Techwise Qingyuan Circuit Co. Ltd. ) contained concentrations of chemicals which exceeded the limits set by Guangdong provincial effluent standards. These companies were then subjected to

672-454: A metro system! Chen Yu ( Chinese : 陈郁 ), Governor of Guangdong in 1957–1967, was the first to have proposed an underground metro system for Guangzhou. In the summer of 1960, he ordered a secret geological survey of groundwater levels of Guangzhou. Six holes with an accumulated depth of 1980 m were drilled in the karst and alluvial plains in the city. The geological conditions of Guangzhou, despite their complexity, did not preclude

768-483: A platform for serving global and Chinese markets. As of 2008, the Central Government has introduced new labor laws, environmental and other regulations to reduce pollution, industrial disputes, produce safer working conditions and protect the environment. The costs of producing low margin and commodity goods have increased. This is on top of the rising cost for energy, food, transport and the appreciation of

864-627: A report, "Poisoning the Pearl River" that detailed the results of a study it conducted in which 25 samples were collected from five manufacturing facilities in the Greater Pearl River Delta. The study concluded that all the facilities sampled were discharging waste-water containing chemicals with proven or suspected hazardous properties including beryllium , copper , manganese , and heavy metals , as well as high levels of organic chemicals. These substances are associated with

960-520: A road connection across the Pearl River between Hong Kong, Macau, and Zhuhai, and is regularly traversed by buses and other public transit. There are daily high-speed catamaran services throughout the PRD region. The PRD is covered by seven civilian airports, with five in mainland China and two in special administrative regions. Two of the mainland airports have international flights. Mainland China: Special administrative regions: Another new airport in

1056-670: A total length of 18.5 km (11.5 mi). Except for Kengkou and Xilang, all stations in Line ;1 are underground. Its first section, from Xilang to Huangsha, opened on 28 June 1997, making Guangzhou the fourth city in mainland China to have a metro system. The full line started operation two years later on 28 June 1999. Line 1's color is yellow . Line 2 is a north–south line that runs from Jiahewanggang to Guangzhou South railway station. Until 21 September 2010, it ran from Sanyuanli to Wanshengwei. Its first section, between Sanyuanli and Xiaogang , opened on 29 December 2002. It

SECTION 10

#1732765825034

1152-509: Is green . The 41.7 km (25.9 mi) long Line 5 starts at Jiaokou and runs to Huangpu New Port. It entered operation on 28 December 2009 between Jiaokou and Wenchong, and on 28 December 2023 between Wenchong and Huangpu New Port. All stations in the line except Jiaokou and Tanwei are underground. Until Line 8 was split off from Line 2, it was the only line that interchanged with all other lines. Similar to Line 4, Line 5 also uses linear motor trains. Line 5's color

1248-414: Is red . The first stage of Line 6, a 24.5 km (15.2 mi) long phase one runs from Xunfenggang to Changban with 22 stations. It began service on 28 December 2013 and contains three elevated stations along the route. Construction of a 10-station, 17.5 km (10.9 mi) long extension to Xiangxue from Changban is entered revenue service in 2016. The line runs four-car trains, but stations of

1344-444: Is teal . The 20.1 km (12.5 mi) long underground route is operated by six-car trains, which runs from Fei'eling to Gaozeng , serving 10 stations. The line, other than Qingtang station , went operational on 28 December 2017. Line 9 mainly serves as a link for the passengers of Huadu District and Guangzhou North railway station to the rest of the system, having only one transfer station with Line 3 at Gaozeng . After

1440-530: Is 18.2 km in length. It will be extended 73.2 km to Airport North (Terminal 2). Line 22's color is orange . The Guangzhou–Foshan Section of Pearl River Delta Region Intercity Rapid Transit ( Chinese : 珠江三角洲地区城际快速轨道交通广州至佛山段 ) is an intercity metro line that connects Guangzhou and Foshan. It is commonly known as Guangfo Metro and Guangfo Line of Guangzhou Metro. The section within Foshan also doubles as Line 1 of FMetro (Foshan Metro). The line

1536-651: Is 58.3 km in length. It will be extended 3 km to Guangzhou East Railway Station . A further 39.6 km extension to Huachengjie is also planned. Line 18's color is blue . The 60.5 km (37.6 mi) long Line 21 runs between Tianhe Park in Tianhe and Zengcheng Square in Zengcheng with six-car trains. It has 40.1 km (24.9 mi) of underground tracks, 14.7 km (9.1 mi) of elevated tracks, and 6.8 km (4.2 mi) of tracks in mountain tunnels. The section from Yuancun to Tianhe Park

1632-526: Is actively constructing connections to neighboring cities. Foshan is already connected via the Guangfo Metro with connections via Line 7 and Foshan Metro Line 2 is now opened. Dongguan city is proposing connections with Guangzhou Metro Line 13 and the Dongguan Metro . Neighboring Huizhou city proposed in 2016 that Guangzhou Metro Line 16 be extended into Longmen County , achieving

1728-551: Is an underground automated people mover that serves the central business district of Zhujiang New Town . It is commonly known as Zhujiang New Town Automated People Mover System or the APM for short. At a length of 3.9 km (2.4 mi), it connects Linhexi and Canton Tower with nine stations on the line. The operation started on 8 November 2010 with Canton Tower Station named Chigang Pagoda Station until December 2013. The stations of Haixinsha and Chigang Pagoda remained closed during

1824-419: Is at the southern end of a larger megalopolis running along the southern coast of China, which include metropolises such as Hong Kong , Shenzhen , Guangzhou , Macao . The nine largest cities of the PRD had a combined population of 86 million in 2022, the PRD has become the largest urban area in the world in both size and population. The region's traditional language is Cantonese ; in the late 20th century and

1920-548: Is built at the elevated track . It was the first metro line in mainland China to use linear motor trains. Its first section, from Wanshengwei to Xinzao, opened on 26 December 2005. Southwards, it was extended from Xinzao to Huangge on 30 December 2006 and further to Jinzhou on 28 June 2007. Northwards, it was extended to Chebeinan on 28 December 2009. Southwards, it extended from Chebeinan to Huangcun, opened on 25 September 2010. Its latest extension, from Huangcun to Nansha Passenger Port, opened on 27 December 2017. Line 4's color

2016-488: Is charged for every 4 km after 4 km, every 6 km after 12 km, and every 8 km after 24 km. Between 30 October 2010 and 30 October 2011, an additional, undiscountable ¥5 fee was charged for any journey to or from Airport South. Collection of such a fee was approved for one year in July 2010 and expired without extension. The fare for the longest possible journey to the exiting station will be charged if

SECTION 20

#1732765825034

2112-498: Is intended as part of Line 11 and constructed to accommodate the eight-car trains of the latter. When the construction of Line 11 is completed, this section will be operated as part of Line 11, making Tianhe Park the west end of Line 21. Express service was also provided after the inauguration of the western section (Yuancun – Zhenlongxi). Line 21's color is dark purple . The section from Panyu Square to Chentougang of Line 22 opened on 31 March 2022. The section

2208-576: Is operated by Guangdong Guangfo Rail Transit Co., Ltd., a subsidiary co-owned by Guangzhou Metro (51%) and Foshan Metro (49%). Its first section, from Xilang to Kuiqi Lu in Foshan , started operation on 3 November 2010 with 21 km (13 mi) of tracks and 14 stations. Eleven of the stations are located in Foshan, while the other three are in Guangzhou. Relocation disputes at Lijiao were not resolved until October 2013 and have delayed completion of

2304-478: Is the rapid transit system of the city of Guangzhou in the Guangdong Province of China. It is operated by the state-owned Guangzhou Metro Corporation and was the fourth metro system to be built in mainland China , after those of Beijing , Tianjin , and Shanghai . The earliest efforts to build an underground rapid transit system in Guangzhou date back to 1960. In the two decades that followed,

2400-574: The Development zone of the Nansha District . Under its various Subdistricts and Towns (and in the one Development zone), Panyu has 305 administration villages (行政村) - i.e. 305 village governments. There are other 'natural villages' (自然村) which administratively count as being in one or another of the administration villages. Statistics shows that in the year of 1998, the GDP in the district

2496-690: The Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City . The mainline segment to Conghua opened a year later on 28 December 2018 and runs from Jiahewanggang in Baiyun District to Dongfeng in Conghua. A southward extension to Guangzhou railway station is currently under construction. Line 14 was the first Guangzhou Metro line to run express services. Line 14's color is brown . The section from Xiancun to Wanqingsha of Line 18 opened on 28 September 2021. The section

2592-475: The renminbi against the falling US dollar . Some manufacturers will need to cut costs by moving up the value chain or moving to more undeveloped regions. The Pearl River Delta established itself as the factory location of choice for global companies that were headquartered in Hong Kong in the 1980s. The industrial output of the Pearl River Delta was generated in the main by state-owned enterprises. Meanwhile

2688-625: The 2010 Asian Games. Chigang Pagoda Station opened on 28 November 2010, one day after the Asian Games ended; Haixinsha Station remained unopened until 24 February 2011. There is no direct platform-to-platform connection between the APM and Line 3 albeit they share the stations of Linhexi and Canton Tower. Transfer passengers need to exit and reenter with a new ticket. The APM runs two-car rubber-wheeled driverless trains. The Guangzhou Urban Rail Transit Network Planning Scheme (2018-2035) ( Chinese : 《广州市城市轨道交通线网规划方案》（2018—2035年） ), which

2784-708: The 21st century, due to the high inflow of migrant workers coming from other regions, Mandarin has gradually become a lingua franca . The west side of this region, along with Chaoshan , was also the source of much Chinese emigration from the 19th to the mid 20th centuries, including to the Western world , where they formed many Chinatowns . Today, much of the Chinese diaspora in the US , Canada , Australia , Latin America , and much of Southeast Asia traces their ancestry to

2880-613: The Bei Jiang, the Xi Jiang opens up and flows as far east as Nansha District and as far west as Xinhui . Major distributaries of the Xi include Donghui Shuidao, Jiya Shuidao, Hutiaomen Shuidao, Yinzhou Hu, and the main branch of the Xi Jiang. Jiangmen and Zhongshan are the major cities found in the western section of the delta. The Bei Jiang enters the delta plains at Qingyuan but does not begin to split until near Sanshui . From here

2976-477: The Chinese word for "underground". As envisaged by Chen Yu, the metro system of Guangzhou would consist of two lines: a north–south line that would connect Nanfang Building to Sanyuanli via Renmin Lu and Jiefang Beilu, and an east–west line that would run from Xichang to Dongshan along today's Dongfeng Lu. The two lines roughly parallelled Line 2 and Line 1 of the modern days, respectively. The east–west line

Panyu, Guangzhou - Misplaced Pages Continue

3072-443: The PRD (Shenzhen, Dongguan), dominated by foreign capital, is the most developed economically. The western areas (Foshan, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Jiangmen), dominated by local private capital, are open for development. New transport links between Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai in the PRD are expected to open up new areas for development, further integrate the cities, and facilitate trade within the region. The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge , and

3168-638: The Panyu District: Panyu has a cooperational agreement with: Pearl River Delta The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region is the low-lying area surrounding the Pearl River estuary , where the Pearl River flows into the South China Sea . Referred to as the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area in official documents, the region is one of the most densely populated and urbanized regions in

3264-405: The Pearl River Delta accounted for 9.1 percent of China's GDP. These figures show the remarkable level of economic development to which the Pearl River Delta has been subjected in order to become an 'Economic Zone', as well as the international orientation of the region's economy. This orientation has attracted numerous investors from all over the world who use the Greater Pearl River Delta region as

3360-683: The Pearl River Delta. PRD is served by six different metro systems throughout the metropolitan area consisting of Guangzhou Metro , Shenzhen Metro , MTR , FMetro , Macau Light Rail Transit and Dongguan Rail Transit . In addition, the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway provides regional transit between cities of the PRD. The entire PRD is fully covered by railway, high-speed rail, or intercity-rail services. All cities are served by buses and taxis, while some cities may still offer motorcycle service. The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge provides

3456-569: The State Planning Commission in March 1993. Various technologies novel to China's construction industry at the time were adopted in different sections of the project, notably including immersed tubes (Pearl River Tunnel) and tunnel boring machines (Huangsha– Martyrs' Park section). As the most massive urban infrastructure project in the history of Guangzhou, Line 1 required funding of ¥ 12.75 billion, all of which

3552-525: The Tianhe Coach Terminal–Tiyu Xilu and Kecun–Panyu Square sections, the line was rerouted on 30 December 2006 to offer transfer-free connections between Panyu Square and Tianhe Coach Terminal via Tiyu Xilu. The Guangzhou East railway station–Tiyu Xilu section became a shuttle until it was extended northwards to Airport South on 30 October 2010. Southwards, it was extended from Panyu Square to Haibang on 1 November 2024. In official distinctions,

3648-661: The Tianhe Coach Terminal–Tiyu Xilu spur line of Line 3 is split off to form part of Line 10, the line is expected to be connected into Line 3 using the reserved switches at Gaozeng to become a new spur line. Line 9's color is pale green . Opened on 28 December 2017, Line 13 is the first metro line in Guangzhou built to run eight-car trains. The currently operating 27.03 km (16.80 mi) first phase runs from Yuzhu to Xinsha , serving passengers of Huangpu and Xintang, Zengcheng . The eleven-station line currently has only one transfer station with Line 5 at Yuzhu. The second phase of Line 13 runs west of

3744-539: The area is frequently covered with a brown smog. This has a strong effect on the pollution levels in the delta. On 22 March 2007 the World Bank approved a $ 96 million loan to the PRC government to reduce water pollution in the Pearl River Delta. On December 23, 2008, it was announced that ¥48.6 billion (about $ 7.1 billion) will be spent on the river by mid-2010 to clean up the river's sewage problems quoted by Zhang Hu ,

3840-438: The capacity issues. Despite these changes, as of 2018, the line is still severely overcrowded. Line 3's color is bright orange . Line 4 is a north–south line running parallel to Line 2 along the east of the city. It is 60.03 km (37.30 mi) long with 24 stations. The section of the line from Huangcun to Xinzao , Feishajiao to Nansha Passenger Port are built underground, while that from Xinzao to Jinzhou

3936-553: The core branch of the Pearl River . The Bei Jiang and Xi Jiang converge to flow into the South China Sea and Pearl River in the west, while the Dong Jiang only flows into the Pearl River proper in the east. The Xi Jiang begins exhibiting delta-like characteristics as far west as Zhaoqing , although this city is not usually considered a part of the PRD region. After passing through the Lingyang Gorge and converging with

Panyu, Guangzhou - Misplaced Pages Continue

4032-434: The country soon encountered a new round of tightened control on project approval around 2003. But Guangzhou was exempted along with Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. By the time Line 2 was completed, construction of Line 3, Line 4, and Guangfo Line had been underway, among which only Guangfo Line later fell to stringent regulation of approvals. Line 1 runs from Xilang to Guangzhou East railway station, with

4128-430: The current line is 31.4 km (19.5 mi). All stations in Line 2 are underground. Line 2's color is deep blue . Line 3 is a 74.9 km (46.5 mi) Y-shaped line connecting Airport North and Tianhe Coach Terminal to Haibang. All stations in the line are underground. When the line opened on 26 December 2005, trains operated between Guangzhou East railway station and Kecun . Following completion of

4224-506: The current phase, which cuts through popular areas of Huangpu , Tianhe , and Liwan Districts , and is currently under construction. Line 13's color is olive . Two sections of Line 14 are currently in service. The Knowledge City Branch Line, a ten-station 21.01 km (13.06 mi) long route located mainly within Huangpu , opened on 28 December 2017. The branch line operates primarily within Huangpu between Xinhe and Zhenlong, serving

4320-504: The delta. It begins diverging northeast of Dongguan into many distributaries, including the Dongguan Shuidao. Distributuares enter the Pearl River as far north as Luogang and as far south as Hu Men (Tiger Gate) . Saltwater crocodiles were present within the Pearl River estuary during antiquity. As well as the delta itself, the term Pearl River Delta refers to the dense network of cities that covers nine prefectures of

4416-480: The director of Guangzhou municipal bureau of water affairs. The city will build about 30 water treatment plants , which will treat 2.25 million tonnes of water per day. The program hopes to cut down the amount of sewage in the area by 85%, and was also of fundamental importance for the 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou from November 12, 2010, to November 27, 2010. In October 2009 Greenpeace East Asia released

4512-426: The dominant tenet of underground infrastructure projects in mainland China. The construction of Guangzhou Metro marked the first deviation from the old doctrine as traffic itself became the prime consideration of the project. The design of the initial metro network was a collaborative effort between China and France ( SYSTRA ). Four tentative designs were published on 14 March 1988 edition of Guangzhou Daily . From

4608-516: The downtown of Guangzhou in the north. The site of the People's government of Panyu is Shiqiao which is 17 km (11 mi) from downtown Guangzhou and 38 and 42 nautical miles (70 and 78 km) from the cities of Hong Kong and Macau, respectively. Shiqiao may have once been called "Stone Bridge town", but because of war, the characters changed, so Shiqiao was rewritten using the characters for "city" and "bridge". The Chinese settlement at Panyu

4704-696: The east extension starting with South China Botanical Garden will be constructed with a provision to accommodate six-car trains in preparation for a route split in the future. Line 6's color is maroon . The first phase of Line 7 began service on 28 December 2016 and ran from Guangzhou South railway station to Higher Education Mega Center South in Panyu District throughout 18.6 km (11.6 mi). The phase 1 west extension opened on 1 May 2022 from Guangzhou South railway station to Meidi Dadao station . Six-car trains are used. All stations are underground. Phase 2 opened on 28 December 2023, and extends

4800-443: The exit gate where the token is reclaimed. Full base fares are charged for single journey tickets for individuals. Passengers travelling in groups of 30 or larger can enjoy a 10% discount. Yang Cheng Tong ( Chinese : 羊城通 ; lit. 'Ram City Pass') is a contactless smartcard which can be used on the metro and most other forms of public transport in Guangzhou. Yang Cheng Tong offers discounts for rides on buses and

4896-453: The extension from Xilang to Lijiao till December 2015. When the line is completed, it will have 32.2 km (20.0 mi) of tracks and 21 stations, of which 17.4 km (10.8 mi) of tracks and 10 stations will be located in Guangzhou. The line runs four-car trains. All its stations are underground. The Automated People Mover System of Zhujiang New Town Core District Municipal Traffic Project ( Chinese : 珠江新城核心区市政交通项目旅客自动输送系统 )

SECTION 50

#1732765825034

4992-537: The extension of Line 7 into Shunde District of Foshan . Some of the system's lines were designed to operate much faster than traditional metro lines, with stations far apart and faster trainsets regularly running at 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph). Lines 18 and 22 are the fastest metro lines in China, a title previously held by Line 11 of the Shenzhen Metro . A city cannot be modernized without

5088-615: The extension to the line was completed in September 2010. Line 8 ran from Fenghuang Xincun to Wanshengwei. The section from Changgang to Wanshengwei opened on 25 September 2010 when the split-off from Line 2 was complete. The section west of Changgang did not open until 3 November 2010 due to disputes over the environmental impact of the cooling facilities at Shayuan . The remaining section from Fenghuang Xincun to Cultural Park and Cultural Park to Jiaoxin are opened on 28 December 2019 and 26 November 2020 separately. Line 8's color

5184-507: The fastest growing province in the fastest growing large economy in the world. The industrial cities in the Pearl River Delta have been called the "Factory of the World" or the "World's Factory" due to the presence of industrial parks populated with factories from foreign investments. However, the target market of the delta region's exports has become increasingly domestic rather than foreign. Dongguan , Zhongshan , Nanhai , and Shunde are

5280-588: The four cities known as the Four Guangdong Dragons for their high growth rates and rapid development from late the 1980s to the 2000s. Although the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone encompasses only 0.4 percent of the land area and only 3.2 percent of the 2000 census population of mainland China, it accounted for 8.7 percent of GDP, 35.8 percent of total trade, and 29.2 percent of utilised foreign capital in 2001. By 2016

5376-462: The four designs, one was selected based on expert and mass feedback. The selected design, featuring two intersecting lines, was the baseline typology for today's Line 1 and Line 2. Construction of Line 1 officially commenced on 28 December 1993, although work on a trial section at Huangsha had begun in October 1992, five months before the feasibility study of the line was ratified by

5472-456: The industrial output of collective-owned enterprises diminished over time, with private enterprises and joint ventures increasing their share of the Pearl River Delta's industrial output to 37.5 percent by the mid-1990s. Today urban areas with the assistance of the municipal governments in the Pearl River Delta are attempting to rebrand industrial output as originating from "the world's tech lab" or "design studio". The Pearl River Delta has become

5568-716: The integration of Huizhou and Guangzhou. In January 2018, Huizhou's mayor Mai Jiaomeng revealed that Huizhou was studying two connections with the Guangzhou Metro with Line 16 heading to Yonghan Town, Longmen County and Line 21 extended to Mount Luofu in Boluo County . In 2018, Guangzhou is studying the feasibility of extending Line 18 south into Zhongshan and north into Qingyuan . Line 7 Line 22 Line 10 Line 11 Fares of Guangzhou Metro currently range from ¥ 2 (a couple of stations) to ¥22 (the longest journeys). A journey shorter than 4 km costs ¥2; ¥1

5664-448: The line by 22.2 km (13.8 mi) and 11 stations to reach north of the Pearl River and go deep to Huangpu district, providing interchanges with Line 13 at Yufengwei , Line 5 at Dashadong , Line 6 at Luogang , Line 21 at Shuixi and the planned east extension of Line 8 at Changzhou . Line 7's color is light green . The first section of Line 8, from Xiaogang to Wanshengwei, opened in 2002 and ran as part of Line 2 until

5760-411: The local culture. The art design was favored by over 70% of those who responded to public opinion surveys compared to two other competing designs. Guangzhou Metro discontinued the following ticket types in favor of Yang Cheng Tong. Stored value tickets were very similar to Yang Cheng Tong. Stored value tickets are not on sale anymore, but they will be presented as souvenirs to VIPs at the activities of

5856-668: The localization rates of rolling stock suppliers. Amid tightened regulation, only Line 2 of Guangzhou Metro received the immediate green light to proceed in June 1998 on the condition that at least 60% of its electromechanical equipment must be sourced domestically. Construction of Line 2 started in July 1998. Rolling stock manufacturer Bombardier airlifted the first two train cars in an An-124 from Berlin to Guangzhou in November 2002 after schedule delays. The first section, from Sanyuanli to Xiaogang opened on 29 December 2002;

SECTION 60

#1732765825034

5952-445: The main high-speed railway station serving Guangzhou, is situated within the boundaries of Panyu District. Panyu Public Transport operates buses in the district. Panyu is currently service by four metro lines operated by Guangzhou Metro : The Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center includes more than ten higher education institutions. Schools for Chinese students: International schools: People born in or with family links to

6048-541: The main route consists of the entire Airport North–Haibang section, while the Tianhe Coach Terminal–Tiyu Xilu section is a spur line. The spur line will be split off in the long term to form part of Line 10. Line 3 had been notorious for its crowding since it opened, for it ran three-car trains. That was partly relieved when all three-car trains started operating as six-car ones, connected in sets of two, on 28 April 2010. Sectional services between Tonghe to Dashi are added from 7:30 to 8:30 every workday, partly solving

6144-2311: The mainland — Pearl River Delta International Airport — located in Gaoming District , Foshan — is under construction. Districts: Yuexiu , Liwan , Haizhu , Tianhe , Baiyun , Huangpu , Panyu , Huadu , Nansha , Zengcheng , Conghua New Area: Nansha Districts: Futian , Luohu , Nanshan , Yantian , Bao'an , Longgang , Pingshan , Longhua , Guangming New District: Dapeng Districts: Xiangzhou , Doumen , Jinwan New Area: Hengqin Districts: Chancheng , Nanhai , Shunde , Sanshui , Gaoming Subdistricts: Dongcheng , Guancheng , Nancheng , Wanjiang Towns: Chang'an , Changping , Chashan , Dalang , Dalingshan , Daojiao , Dongkeng , Fenggang , Gaobu , Hengli , Hongmei , Houjie , Huangjiang , Humen , Liaobu , Machong , Qiaotou , Qingxi , Qishi , Shatian , Shijie , Shilong , Shipai , Tangxia , Wangniudun , Xiegang , Zhangmutou , Zhongtang Subdistricts: Dongqu , Nanqu , Shiqi , Xiqu , Wuguishan Subdistrict , ZTHIDZ (Zhongshangang) Towns: Banfu , Dachong , Dongfeng , Dongsheng , Fusha , Gangkou , Guzhen , Henglan ,l Huangpu , Nanlang , Nantou , Minzhong , Sanjiao , Sanxiang , Shaxi , Shenwan , Tanzhou , Xiaolan New Area: Cuiheng Districts: Jianghai , Pengjiang , Xinhui County-level Cities: Enping , Taishan , Kaiping , Heshan Districts: Huicheng , Huiyang Counties: Boluo , Huidong , Longmen Districts: Duanzhou , Dinghu , Gaoyao Counties: Guangning , Huaiji , Fengkai , Deqing County-level City: Sihui Districts: Central and Western , Eastern , Southern , Wan Chai , Kowloon City , Kwun Tong , Sham Shui Po , Wong Tai Sin , Yau Tsim Mong , Islands , Kwai Tsing , North , Sai Kung , Sha Tin , Tai Po , Tsuen Wan , Tuen Mun , Yuen Long Freguesia: Nossa Senhora de Fátima , Santo António , São Lázaro , Sé , São Lourenço , Nossa Senhora do Carmo , São Francisco Xavier Zone: Cotai A 2011 article in British newspaper The Telegraph reported on

6240-502: The metro system during a limited period of validity starting from the first use. Two variants are currently available: Day passes are not rechargeable. They can be fully refunded until the first use, at which time they become nonrefundable. Used passes are not reclaimed, although they can be voluntarily recycled at drop boxes in the stations. The passes are decorated with illustrations of the Cantonese language and cuisine to promote

6336-428: The metro systems of Beijing and Shanghai . Guangzhou Metro operates 320 stations and 652.81 km (405.6 mi) of lines. Extensive development of the metro network has been planned for the next decade, with construction started on Line 10 , Line 11 , and Line 12 , and extensions of Line 3, Line 5, Line 8, Line 13, and Line 14, Line 18 , Line 22 , as well as

6432-515: The metro. Within each month, bus and metro rides combined, a 5% discount is available for the first 15 journeys and a 40% discount for all journeys beyond. Full-time students enrolled in primary, secondary, and vocational schools can apply for student passes, which allow them bus and metro rides at half price. Senior citizens can also obtain special passes. Half price is charged for seniors aged 60–64. Seniors aged 65 and above as well as people with major disabilities ride free of charge. Yang Cheng Tong

6528-427: The most economically dynamic regions of the People's Republic of China since the launch of China's reform programme in 1979. With annual gross domestic product growth of 13.45 percent over three decades since 1978, it is 3.5 percentage points higher than the national average. Since 1978 almost 30 percent of all foreign investment in China was in the PRD. In 2007 its GDP rose to US$ 448 billion which makes its economy about

6624-407: The perceived problems. In travel literature the Pearl River Delta has been titillated as among the most attractive "pollution day trips from Hong Kong". Treatment facilities for sewage and industrial waste are failing to keep pace with the growth in population and industry in the area. A large portion of the pollution is brought about by factories run by Hong Kong manufacturers in the area. Much of

6720-537: The possibility of an underground metro system. Analysis of the survey data resulted in a confidential report titled Geological Survey for Guangzhou Underground Railway Project dated July 1961, the earliest one of such reports. In 1965, Chen Yu along with Tao Zhu ( 陶铸 ), who had been the Governor of Guangdong and First Secretary of Guangdong Committee of the Chinese Communist Party , proposed in

6816-546: The present material object remnants, there are those of Southeast Asian, Indian, and even African origin. Yuexiu District , most of Baiyun and Huangpu Districts , and parts of parts of Liwan , Haizhu , and Tianhe Districts were originally part of Panyu County but were ceded to Guangzhou as it expanded. In January 1975, Panyu County is under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County renamed to Panyu county-level city and still under Guangzhou's administration. It renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. By 28 April 2005,

6912-713: The project was brought into the agenda five times but ended up abandoned each time due to financial and technical difficulties. Preparation of what would lead to today's Guangzhou Metro did not start until the 1980s, and it was not until 1993 that construction of the first line, Line 1, officially began. Line 1 opened four years later in 1997 with five stations in operation. As of 1 May 2022 , Guangzhou Metro has 16 lines in operation, namely: Line 1 , Line 2 , Line 3 , Line 4 , Line 5 , Line 6 , Line 7 , Line 8 , Line 9 , Line 13 , Line 14 , Line 18 , Line 21 , Line 22 , Guangfo Line , and Zhujiang New Town APM reaching both

7008-418: The proposed Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge , currently in the planning phase, will be amongst the longest bridges in the world with a total length of approximately 50 km (31 mi) each. Until 1985, the PRD had been mainly dominated by farms and small rural villages, but after the economy was reformed and opened, a flood of investment turned it into the land's economic powerhouse. The PRD's startling growth

7104-622: The province of Guangdong, namely Dongguan , Foshan , Guangzhou , Huizhou , Jiangmen , Shenzhen , Zhaoqing , Zhongshan and Zhuhai and the SARs of Hong Kong and Macau . The 2010/2011 State of the World Cities report, published by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme , estimates the population of the delta region at 120 million people; it is rapidly urbanising. The eastern side of

7200-436: The remaining section from Xiaogang to Pazhou opened on 28 June 2003. At ¥2.13 billion, the equipment cost of Line 2 was 53% lower than that of Line 1. This demonstrated the feasibility of cost reduction through procurement of domestic equipment, revealing a path to project approval to other Chinese cities and reigniting their aspirations to own a rapid transit system. The renewed craze for rapid transit across

7296-417: The size of Taiwan's and by 2019 this figure has increased to US$ 2.0 trillion or about the same size as Canada . The abundance of employment opportunities created a pool of wealthy, middle-income, professional consumers with an annual per capita income that puts them among China's wealthiest. Since the onset of China's reform program, the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone has been the fastest growing portion of

7392-683: The southern part of Panyu was split off as the new Nansha District . On 30 September 2012, three southern towns of Panyu— Dongchong , Dagang , and Lanhe —were removed to Nansha 's jurisdiction. Panyu district administers ten subdistricts ( 街道 ) and six towns ( 镇 ). The district executive, legislature and judiciary are based in the Shiqiao , together with the CPC and PSB branches. On 1 December 2012 three towns ( Dongchong , Dagang , & Lanhe ) were transferred to Nansha District . The following towns have been abolished, some by absorption into

7488-503: The start of Project Nine in 1965. The success of Line 1 as a turnkey project acquired from Siemens with 100% imported electromechanical equipment prompted a wave of similar proposals from twelve other cities in mainland China toward the end of the 1990s. The fever for import-centric rapid transit caused the State Planning Committee to temporarily halt approval of rapid transit projects nationwide and regulate

7584-1097: The strongest anomalies in carbon dioxide concentration around the world. This enhancement is easily discernible from satellite observations. 22°32′N 113°44′E  /  22.533°N 113.733°E  / 22.533; 113.733 Direct-administered municipalities . Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals . Separate state-planning cities . Special economic-zone cities . Open coastal cities . Prefecture capital status established by Heilongjiang Province and not recognized by Ministry of Civil Affairs. Disputed by Oroqen Autonomous Banner , Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia as part of it. Only administers islands and waters in South China Sea and have no urban core comparable to typical cities in China. The claimed province of Taiwan no longer have any internal division announced by Ministry of Civil Affairs of PRC, due to lack of actual jurisdiction. See Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan instead. Guangzhou Metro [REDACTED] The Guangzhou Metro ( 广州地铁 )

7680-550: The two main distributaries are Tanzhou Shuidao and Shunde Shuidao which form multiple mouths along the west side of the Pearl River's estuary. Two other distributaries, Lubao Yong and Xinan Yong, split from the Bei further north and converge with the Liuxi He to form the main branch of the Pearl River just north of Guangzhou . The other major city in the north section of the delta is Foshan . The Dong Jiang flows through Huizhou into

7776-423: The urban core and surrounding suburbs. Guangfo Line connects Guangzhou and Foshan and is the first metro line between two cities in the country. Daily service hours start at 6:00 am and end at midnight and daily ridership averages over 7 million. Having delivered 3.029 billion rides in 2018, Guangzhou Metro is the third busiest metro system in the world and the 3rd largest in terms of length, after

7872-522: The wake of the Gulf of Tonkin incident that a tunnel is built in Guangzhou for wartime evacuations and post-war metro development. Approved by the central government , the project started in the spring of 1965. Due to its confidentiality in the context of intensification of the Vietnam War , the project adopted the obscure name of "Project Nine" ( 九号工程 ), where "Nine" was the number of strokes in " 地下 ",

7968-518: The west side of this region. The river delta, also known as the Golden Delta of Guangdong , is formed by three major rivers, the Xi Jiang (West River), Bei Jiang (North River), and Dong Jiang (East River). The flat lands of the delta are criss-crossed by a network of tributaries and distributaries of the Pearl River. The Pearl River Delta is actually two alluvial deltas, separated by

8064-515: The world's goods were produced in the Greater Pearl River Delta, with a total export value of US$ 289 billion. Over 70,000 Hong Kong companies had factory plants in the Greater Pearl River Delta. In the Pearl River Delta an extensive system of container feeder shipping has been established. This system of containerization also serves ports within the same region. The container port of Shenzhen has surpassed Hong Kong as major hub with Guangzhou serving as another significant container shipping hub for

8160-555: The world's workshop and is a major manufacturing base for products such as electronics , garments and textiles , plastic products, and a range of other goods. Private-owned enterprises have developed quickly in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone and are playing an increasing role in the region's economy, particularly after year 2000 when the development environment for private-owned enterprises has been greatly relaxed. In 2001 nearly five percent of

8256-667: The world, and is considered a megacity by numerous scholars. It is currently the wealthiest region in Southern China and one of the wealthiest regions in China along with the Yangtze River Delta in Eastern China and Jingjinji in Northern China . Most of the region is part of the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone , which is a special economic zone of China. The region is a megalopolis , and

8352-495: Was 33.25 billion yuan , an increase of 13% over the previous year, and the GDP per capita was 35.5 thousand Yuan, an increase of 11%, compared with the previous year. The amusement park operator Chimelong has its headquarters on the grounds of Chimelong Paradise in the district. Guangzhou Metro Lines 2 and 3 serve parts of Panyu District. Line 2 was extended into the district in Sept. 2010. Guangzhou South railway station ,

8448-561: Was approved by the Guangzhou Municipal Government in November 2020, shows that a total of 53 metro lines and 2,029 km are planned in Guangzhou. This round of line network planning is divided into three levels: high-speed metro, rapid metro, and regular-speed metro. Among them, there are 5 high-speed metro lines with 452 km in Guangzhou, 11 rapid metro lines with 607 km in Guangzhou, and 37 regular-speed metro lines with 970 km. The Guangzhou Metro

8544-556: Was completed in 1966. The tunnel was planned to be used as an air-raid shelter and eventual metro line; however, with a cross-section merely 3 m wide and 2.85 m tall, and exposed rocks and wooden trestles scattered everywhere, it was unusable for public transit. In the two decades that followed, four attempts were made to revive and expand Project Nine, first in 1970, next in 1971, then in 1974, and last in 1979. Due to lack of funds and complex geotechnical conditions, none of these efforts materialized. The metro project of Guangzhou

8640-606: Was established by the Qin armies under Zhao Tuo during their first failed invasion of the Baiyue in Guangdong in 214 BC. There are at least 11 separate theories on the etymology of the name. Upon the fall of the Qin , Zhao Tuo established Panyu as the capital of his kingdom of Nanyue in 204 BC. Archaeological evidence shows that it was a burgeoning commercial center: among

8736-439: Was extended from Xiaogang to Pazhou on 28 June 2003 and further to Wanshengwei a year later. The section between Xiaogang and Wanshengwei was split off to form part of Line 8 during 22–24 September 2010, when the operation was paused. The latest extension, from Jiangnanxi to Guangzhou South railway station and from Sanyuanli to Jiahewanggang , opened on 25 September 2010 as the whole line resumed operation. The length of

8832-412: Was fueled by foreign investment coming largely from Hong Kong manufacturers that moved their operations into the PRD. In 2003, Hong Kong companies employed 11 million workers in their PRD operations. Lately there have been extreme labour shortages in the region due to runaway economic growth which caused wages to rise by about 20 to 30 percent in the past two years. The Pearl River Delta has been one of

8928-547: Was launched for the sixth time in 1984 as the Preparation Office of Guangzhou Metro, established back in 1979 as part of the last attempt to resurrect Project Nine, was moved out of the civil air-defense system and became a subordinate body of the Construction Commission of Guangzhou, bringing Guangzhou Metro into the scope of urban infrastructure development. Before the 1980s, war preparedness was

9024-425: Was never built, while Project Nine was dedicated to the north–south line. Over ten teams of miners were recruited for a project filled with hazards and perils. Constrained by extreme scarcity of time, monetary and material resources, the ambition to build a tunnel for the metro operation was scaled back— the capability to run trolleybuses was deemed acceptable. For ¥13 million, an 8 km (5.0 mi) long tunnel

9120-468: Was raised by the local government. Use of cut-and-cover tunnels aggressively backed by then-mayor Li Ziliu necessitated the relocation of approximately 100,000 residents in 20,000 households and demolition of buildings totalling 1.1 km (0.42 sq mi) in the area and earned Li the nickname "Li the Demolisher" ( Yue Chinese : 黎拆樓 , romanized:  lai caak lau ). Three and

9216-434: Was rebranded in November 2010 as a type of Lingnan Pass ( Chinese : 岭南通 ), a new transport card that is valid in multiple cities across the Pearl River Delta. Lingnan Pass cards issued in Guangzhou are named Lingnan Pass·Yang Cheng Tong. Existing cards were automatically upgraded and need not be replaced. Guangzhou Metro introduced day passes on 1 January 2013. A day pass holder can travel an unlimited number of times in

#33966