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67-575: Parner taluka is a taluka in Ahmednagar district in the state of Maharashtra in western India . The following are area details: For list of all villages in Parner Taluka, visit Villages in Parner taluka The following are a few of the notable villages of Parner Taluka: Parner taluka has a population of 274,167 according to the 2011 census. Parner had a literacy rate of 75.64% and

134-449: A designated place within tehsil area known as tehsil headquarters. Tehsildar is the incharge of tehsil office. This is similar to district office or district collector at district level. Throughout India, there is a three-tier local body/Panchayat system within the state. At the top is the zila/zilla panchayat (parishad). Taluka/mandal panchayat/panchayat samiti/community development block is the second layer of this system and below them are

201-816: A new industrial township. Modernist American architect Joseph Allen Stein , invited to head the newly formed Department of Architecture and Planning at the Bengal Engineering College in Calcutta, plunged into a major project as soon as he reached India in 1952 – the designing of Durgapur city with Benjamin Polk, another American architect already living in Calcutta. Thereafter it was the task of local leaders such as Ananda Gopal Mukherjee and bureaucrats such as K.K. Sen to get Durgapur going. Bihar has Patna , Bhagalpur , Darbhanga , Muzaffarpur , Gaya , Katihar and Purnia as important urban areas. Patna

268-585: A sex ratio of 955 females per 1000 males. The entire population was rural. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 6.97% and 6.22% of the population respectively. Languages of Parner taluk (2011) At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 96.11% of the population in the district spoke Marathi and 2.50% Hindi as their first language. Parner is served by the Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation . These buses provide transportation for people throughout

335-687: Is also a sacred city for Sikhs as the last Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, was born here. Bhubaneswar is the capital of the Odisha . Other Important Cities are Cuttack , Brahmapur , Rourkela , Paradeep , Jajpur , Bhadrak , Balasore , Sambalpur and Puri . The Capital city has a long history of over 2000 years starting with Chedi dynasty (around the 2nd century BCE) who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital. Historically, Bhubaneswar has been known by different names such as Toshali, Kalinga Nagari, Nagar Kalinga, Ekamra Kanan , Ekamra Kshetra and Mandira Malini Nagari (city of temples) or

402-508: Is also developing excellent road infrastructure to boom its economy. Ganga expressway and elevated corridors are under some of the ongoing projects in the city. A world class museum is also on its way to completion. The old museum of the city will be replaced by one of the biggest mall in east India. Patna Metro rail corporations is also going to start soon by 2021. It would be the second metro railway in Eastern India after Kolkata and

469-734: Is also one of the fastest-growing states in India. West Bengal is the hub of industry and economic activities in Eastern India and it is also the home to the tallest skylines located in this region and are also one of the tallest buildings in the country. It is also the home of history of rising India. The Kolkata metropolitan area is spread over 1,886.67 km (728.45 sq mi) and comprises 3 municipal corporations (including Kolkata Municipal Corporation), 39  local municipalities and 24  panchayat samitis , as of 2011 . The urban agglomeration encompassed 72 cities and 527 towns and villages, as of 2006 . Suburban areas in

536-633: Is an important pilgrimage centre for some Muslims nearby and from other places. In Bihar Village Harinagar Bajrang Bali temple is famous for Hindu people. Dakshineswar Kali Temple is a historical Kali temple in West Bengal . Kalighat Kali Temple in Kolkata is the most important of all Shakti Peethas in India. Belur Math in Kolkata is the headquarters of the Ramkrishna Mission founded by Swami Vivekananda . In Bihar, Gaya

603-470: Is by far the most industrialised city in Eastern India and the second planned city in India . It started with the first prime minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru . His dream of transforming the backward agricultural country into an industrially advanced nation was picked up in West Bengal by then Chief Minister Bidhan Chandra Roy . At the earlier stages for the selection of a proper site for

670-473: Is called the tehsildar or, less officially, the talukdar or taluka muktiarkar . Tehsil or taluk can be considered sub-districts in the Indian context. In some instances, tehsils overlap with " blocks " (panchayat union blocks or panchayat development blocks or cd blocks) and come under the land and revenue department, headed by the tehsildar; and blocks come under the rural development department, headed by

737-473: Is generally smaller than a tehsil, and is meant for facilitating local self-government in the panchayat system . In West Bengal , Bihar, Jharkhand, community development blocks are the empowered grassroots administrative unit, replacing tehsils. Tehsil office is primarily tasked with land revenue administration, besides election and executive functions. It is the ultimate executive agency for land records and related administrative matters. The chief official

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804-622: Is known for temple for salvation of ancestors. Other places are Sultanganj in Bhagalpur and Vaidyanath Jyotirlinga in Deoghar , Jharkhand. Bodh Gaya is the city sacred to Buddhism . There are also other cities sacred to Jains in Bihar and Jharkhand. The region lies in the humid-subtropical zone, and experiences hot summers from March to June, the monsoon from July to October and mild winters from November to February. The interior states have

871-938: Is located at Infocity in Chandaka, Bhubaneswar with a view to provide incubation and infrastructure facilities to new and young entrepreneurs in the MSME sector, The intelligent building of the JSS STP is spread in a sprawling 3-acre (12,000 m ) campus and houses state-of-art technology to fulfil the growing demands of highly competent IT professionals. The Eastern India, particularly Odisha and Jharkhand, have rich mineral resources which resulted in economic boom in these two states. Several mineral based industries have been established in many cities of Odisha and Jharkhand namely Kalinganagar , Angul , Paradeep , Talcher , Rourkela , Damanjodi , Joda , Barbil , Choudwar , Jharsuguda Jamshedpur , Bokaro , Dhanbad and Ranchi . Bengali

938-508: Is popular in all areas of eastern states. Among tribals of the region Hinduism is the dominant religion. Some tribals also follow their indigenous religions (Sarana). There are several places of pilgrimage for Hinduism . Puri in Odisha is one of the four holy City/Dham of Hindu religion and particularly known for Rath Yatra festival. Bhubaneswar is considered to be the "City of Temples". Konark houses an old sun temple . Bihar Sharif

1005-508: Is ranked 11th among Indian cities. and 42nd in the world in its list of 100 fastest-growing cities. As per the recommendations of the Sixth Central Pay Commission, Asansol has been listed as a Y-category city for calculation of HRA (House Rent Allowance) for public servants. It is one of the three non-Z category cities in West Bengal apart from Kolkata, which belong to the X category making it a tier-II city. Durgapur

1072-598: Is situated on the Chota Nagpur Plateau . Odisha lies on the Eastern Ghats and the Deccan Plateau . West Bengal's capital Kolkata is the largest city of this region. The Kolkata Metropolitan Area is the country's third largest metropolitan region. The region is bounded by Bhutan , Nepal and the state of Sikkim in the north, the states of Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh on the west,

1139-406: Is the area south of Park Street , which comprises thoroughfares such as Chowringhee Road , Camac Street , Wood Street, Loudon Street, Shakespeare Sarani , AJC Bose Road etc. The Maidan is a large open field in the heart of the city that has been called the "lungs of Kolkata" and accommodates sporting events and public meetings. The Victoria Memorial and Kolkata Race Course are located at

1206-521: Is the capital of the Bihar , its most populous city and the second most populous city in Eastern India. It is the administrative, industrial and educational centre of the state. Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala. Pataliputra

1273-509: Is the dominant language of Odisha . Odia is the only major classical language in east India and sixth Indian language to be considered as a classical language in the basis of being old and not borrowed from other languages. Languages of East India (2011) According to Indian National Mission for Manuscripts, after Sanskrit, Odia has the second-highest number of manuscripts. As per records there are around 2.13 lakhs ancient manuscript in Odia. In

1340-486: Is the dominant language of West Bengal. Hindi , Bhojpuri , Maithili , Magahi and Urdu are the dominant languages of Bihar. Hindi , Santali , Khortha and Nagpuri are the dominant language of Jharkhand; however, some tribals speak their own tribal languages. Jharkhand has accorded second language status to Angika , Bengali , Bhojpuri , Ho , Kharia , Kurukh , Khortha , Kurmali , Magahi , Maithili , Mundari , Nagpuri , Odia , Santali and Urdu . Odia

1407-569: Is the sub-district of a district, similarly, Nayabat is the sub-tehsil of a tehsil. Eastern India East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar , Jharkhand , Odisha and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . The states of Bihar and West Bengal lie on the Indo-Gangetic plain . Jharkhand

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1474-543: The Austroasiatic language family and Dravidian language family . Major representatives of Autro-Asiatic language include the Mundari , Santali , and Ho . Dravidian languages include Kurukh , Kui and Pengo . About 80% of the population of East India is Hindu with significant Muslim and small Christian , Buddhist and tribal minorities. The Muslims constitute a very large minority in West Bengal with 27% of

1541-893: The British Empire . During the Neolithic period, agriculture started in South Asia. Neolithic settlements have been found in Chirand . In the Kabra-Kala mound at the confluence of the Son and North Koel rivers in Palamu district , various antiquities and art objects from the Neolithic to medieval periods have been found; the pot-sherds of redware , black and red ware , black ware, black slipped ware , and NBP ware are from

1608-955: The Chalcolithic to late medieval periods. There are ancient cave paintings in Isko, Hazaribagh district , from the Meso-chalcolithic period (9,000–5,000 BCE). From Kuchai, near Baripada , various Neolithic tools like hoes , chisels , pounders , mace heads , grinding stones and also pieces of pottery. Prehistoric paintings and inscriptions have also been found in Garjan Dongar in Sundergarh district , and Ushakothi in Sambalpur district and Vimkramkhol in Jharsuguda district . There has been an uncertainty about

1675-637: The Direct Action Day protests in Calcutta , leading to further communal violence across British India , the creation of Pakistan became inevitable. In 1947, further communal violence displaced millions as independence and partition of British India occurred. Some Bihari and Bengali Muslims fled to the newly created East Pakistan . Most East Bengal Hindus fled to India. The 1950s saw industrial progress in East India. These were cut short with

1742-702: The Eastern Metropolitan Bypass in the east—a span of 9–10 km (5.6–6.2 mi). The north–south distance is greater, and its axis is used to section the city into North, Central and South Kolkata. North Kolkata is the oldest part of the city. Characterised by 19th-century architecture and narrow alleyways, it includes areas such as Jorasanko , Maniktala , Ultadanga , Shyambazar , Shobhabazar , Bagbazar , Cossipore , Sinthee etc. The north suburban areas like Dum Dum , Baranagar , Belgharia , Sodepur , Khardaha , New Barrackpore , Madhyamgram , Barrackpore , Barasat etc. are also within

1809-630: The List of Indian states by GDP . Odisha has shown consistent growth in the state GDP and received the recognition of the fastest-growing economy among the states in India . Nalanda , Puspagiri and Vikramshila universities were the famed institutions of higher learning in ancient India located in Eastern India. One of the first great universities in recorded history was the ancient Nalanda University located in Bihar and another institute of higher learning

1876-532: The TCS centre is ready and has a capacity to accommodate nearly 1,200 professionals but the software major has only 250 employees at present. The Finland telecommunication company, Nethawk, has its India R&D center at Bhubaneswar. The Canadian giant, Gennum Corporation has its India development centre at Bhubaneswar. The auditors Price water house Coopers Pvt. Ltd. also has a center in Bhubaneswar. The private STP

1943-471: The block development officer and serve different government administrative functions over the same or similar geographical area. Although they may on occasion share the same area with a subdivision of a revenue division, known as revenue blocks , the two are distinct. For example, Raipur district in Chhattisgarh state is administratively divided into 13 tehsils and 15 revenue blocks. Nevertheless,

2010-442: The district , also sometimes translated as county . In neither case is the analogy very exact. Tehsildar is the chief or key government officer of each tehsil or taluka. In some states different nomenclature like talukdar, mamledar, amaldar, mandal officer is used. In many states of India, the tehsildar functions as the executive magistrate of that tehsil. Each tehsil will have an office called tehsil office or tehsildar office at

2077-557: The 6th century BCE, the mahajanapadas emerged in several parts of the Indian subcontinent. The region was the historical centre of the Nanda , Maurya , Shunga , Gupta and Pala empires that ruled much of the Indian sub-continent at their prime. In medieval India, it was incorporated into the Mughal , Maratha and then the British empire. After independence in 1947, the states joined

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2144-696: The English founded Calcutta . The Maratha Invasion of Bengal badly affected the economy of Bengal and it is estimated that 400,000 people were butchered by the Hindu Maratha bargis and many women and children gang raped, and the genocide has been considered to be among the deadliest massacres in Indian history. In 1756, the British East India Company defeated the local Indian Muslim rulers in Plassey and established British Rule in

2211-712: The Indian Union and took their current form after the States Reorganisation Act of 1956. Today, they continue to face problems of overpopulation, environmental degradation and pervasive corruption despite significant economic and social progress. After the Kalinga War the Maurya king Ashoka sent emissaries to spread Buddhism across Asia. The university of Nalanda was in Bihar . Chinese travellers visited Buddhist and Hindu temples and libraries in

2278-609: The Kolkata metropolitan area incorporate parts of the following districts: North 24 Parganas , South 24 Parganas , Howrah , Hooghly and Nadia . Kolkata, which is under the jurisdiction of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC), has an area of 185 km (71 sq mi). The east–west dimension of the city is comparatively narrow, stretching from the Hooghly River in the west to roughly

2345-696: The Permanent Settlement of Bengal, was unpopular among the peasant cultivators and the numerous agricultural labourers found all over Bihar and Bengal (Khetmazdoors). The Indian Rebellion of 1857 started in Bengal . Eventually the British prevailed, and Calcutta remained capital of Britain's Asian dominions until 1911. During Gandhi 's independence movement, the Bihari village of Champaran was an important supporter of non-violent resistance. Great poets of

2412-448: The backbone of the economy dominated by Government. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) and private organisations like Jindal, Vedanta and TATAS. Despite this rapid growth, an ample number of the populace live in slums. Migration from rural areas, especially from the northern districts of Andhra Pradesh , has led to the growth of slums which are a major challenge to the city's growth. The Government has fostered growth in this sphere by

2479-471: The burdens of India's IT and financial boom. There are many Satellite town also situated in Kolkata, some of them are Salt Lake , Rajarhat-New Town , Kolkata West International City , Kalyani , Calcutta Riverside . It is also known as City Of Joy . However, the mid-sized cities of Asansol , Durgapur , Siliguri in West Bengal are rapidly growing urban areas. West Bengal is the highest contributor of GDP among all other eastern state for India and it

2546-496: The capital of British India until 1911, is the biggest metropolis and economically dominant city of the region and third largest in India and one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. It is also the main centre of commerce or the commercial capital of Eastern and North-Eastern India. Kolkata is very fast transforming itself to become city equipped with every facilities for IT and ITES and also financial outsourcing hub and its satellites Salt Lake and Rajarhat-New Town are taken

2613-471: The city of Patna on the ruins of ancient Pataliputra . Islam arrived during the 7th century CE and became dominant gradually since the early 13th century with the advent of Muslim rulers as well as Sunni missionaries such as Shah Jalal in the region. Later, Muslim rulers, starting from the Delhi Sultanate initiated the preaching of Islam by building mosques. From the 14th century onward, it

2680-511: The city of Kolkata (as a metropolitan structure). Central Kolkata hosts the central business district. It contains B.B.D. Bagh , formerly known as Dalhousie Square and the Esplanade on its east; Strand Road is on its west. The West Bengal Secretariat , General Post Office , Reserve Bank of India , Calcutta High Court , Lalbazar Police Headquarters and several other government and private offices are located there. Another business hub

2747-487: The city of Kolkata (as a metropolitan structure). Asansol is the district headquarters of Paschim Bardhaman District in West Bengal. It is the second largest city in West Bengal after Kolkata and the 39th largest urban agglomeration in India. According to a 2010 report prepared by the International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental think tank, Asansol

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2814-474: The conflict in neighbouring East Pakistan and by the Communist movement at home. In 1971, in the course of Bangladesh's independence struggle, millions of refugees poured into East India. Bihar and Odisha struggled with economic issues during the British rule and in the beginning of post independent India due to rising naxalism frequent natutal calamities such as flood and cyclone. But in recent years,

2881-531: The development of IT Parks such as Infocity 1 and the new Infocity 2. The Info City was conceived as a five star park, under the Export Promotion Industrial Parks (EPIP) Scheme to create high quality infrastructure facilities for setting up Information Technology related industries. Infosys and Satyam Computer Services Ltd. have been present in Bhubaneswar since 1996–97. Its current head count stands at around 5000. The first part of

2948-778: The empire's GDP and 12% of the world's GDP , larger than the entirety of western Europe . With the arrival of the Europeans in the 17th century, outposts were established in Odisha Coast and Bengal. The European traders established their trade centres in the ports of Balasore , Pipili , Palur in the Odisha Coast during the rule of the last independent Hindu king Gajapati Prataprudra Dev. The Portuguese were in Chittagong, Dutch in Chinsura, French in Pondicherry and

3015-443: The gram panchayats or village panchayats. These panchayats at all three levels have elected members from eligible voters of particular subdivisions. These elected members form the bodies which help the administration in policy-making, development works, and bringing grievances of the common public to the notice of the administration. Nayabat is the lower part of tehsil which have some powers like tehsil. It can be understood as tehsil

3082-648: The highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar, at ₹ 63,063. Using fi gures for assumed average annual growth, Patna is the 21st fastest-growing city in the world and 5th fastest-growing city in India by the City Mayors' Foundation. Patna registered an average annual growth of 3.72% during 2006–2010. The city is also home to many tutorials and coaching institutes who prepare students for various entrance exams. IIT NIT NIFT AIIMS and other leading educational institutions are running successfully in Patna. City

3149-580: The inscriptions at Ushakothi and Vimkramkhol regarding whether they are in a proto- Brahmi script . Yogimath near Khariar has cave paintings from the Neolithic. There is Chalcolithic sites in Pandu Rajar Dhibi in the lower Ajay valley in West Bengal. Iron slag , microliths , and potsherds from 1400 BCE, according to carbon dating, were discovered in Singhbhum district . During the late Vedic period, several janapadas emerged in India. In

3216-516: The list Bengali is in 9th position with 15412 ancient manuscripts. The Indo-Aryan languages spoken in this region descend from the Magadhi Prakrit , which was spoken in the ancient kingdom of Magadha. Odia emerged as a distinct language from Odra Prakrit while Maithili emerged around the 9th century CE. Many of the minority Tribal languages of East India belong to the Munda branch of

3283-469: The number is growing every year. The city is also home to many tutorials and coaching institutes who prepare students for various entrance exams. Retail and Real Estate have also emerged as big players. Recent times have seen large scale retail chains such as Reliance, Vishal MegaMart, Big Bazaar, Pantaloon, Pal Heights, Indulge, New Leaf, Habib's, had opened outlets in Bhubaneswar. Large corporations like DLF Universal and Reliance Industries have entered

3350-445: The population and 17% in Bihar. Hindus form 94% of total population of Odisha. Christians are the largest minority in Odisha with 3% of the state population Durga , Krishna , Jagannath and Shiva are particularly popular Hindu deities in this region. Durga and Kali are patron deities of Bengal and Mithila whereas Jagannath or Vishnu is patron god among Odia people . Rama and Hanuman are most revered in Bihar. Shiva

3417-450: The real estate market in the city. DLF Limited is developing an Infopark spread over an area of 54 acres (220,000 m ) in the city. Expanding its business portfolio, the Kolkata -based Saraf Group, promoters of Forum Mart shopping malls is constructing another Shopping mall named Forum Lifestyle mall a 550,000 sq ft (51,000 m ) lifestyle mall in Bhubaneswar with 1,200 car parks. The rich minerals resources of Odisha have been

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3484-543: The southern end of the Maidan. Among the other parks are Central Park in Bidhannagar and Millennium Park on Strand Road, along the Hooghly River. South Kolkata includes many posh neighbourhoods such as Bhawanipore , Alipore , Ballygunge , Kasba , Dhakuria , Santoshpur , Garia , Tollygunge , Behala etc. The south suburban areas like Maheshtala , Budge Budge , Rajpur Sonarpur , Baruipur etc. are also within

3551-689: The state of Andhra Pradesh in the south and the country of Bangladesh in the east. It is also bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the south-east. It is connected to the Seven Sister States of Northeast India by the narrow Siliguri Corridor in the north east of West Bengal. East India has the fourth-largest gross domestic product of all Indian regions. The region was ruled by several empires, including Gangaridai , Nandas , Mauryans , Guptas , Palas , Senas , Eastern Gangas , Gajapatis , Delhi Sultanate , Bengal Sultanate , Mughal Empire and

3618-418: The state of Maharashtra . The nearest railway station is Ahmednagar, about 40 kilometers away. The climate of Parner is moderate, with variations in temperature ranging between 16 °C and 35 °C. The following chart details the amount of rainfall per year 1981–2004. Taluka In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana , a newer unit called mandal (circle) has come to replace the tehsil system. It

3685-624: The state of Odisha have shown impressive growth record and developed steadily. The economic boom since 2005 started to spread new malls, highways, airports and IT office complexes, but not evenly across the region. Jharkhand became a separate state on 15 November 2000 from Bihar. In the modern times, these states have seen rapid transformation and home to several mineral and metal based industries, coal based thermal powers units , oil refineries , ports , textile industries and well established public and private educational institutes . West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha and Jharkhand rank 6th, 16th, 14th and 18th in

3752-814: The stature of Rabindranath Tagore championed the movement for self-rule. The Partition also had its roots in undivided Eastern India. The Muslim League was founded in Dhaka in 1906. In the 1937 provincial elections, it came to power in Bengal in alliance with the Krishak Praja Party . in 1944, it gained an absolute majority in the Bengal Assembly, and Hussein Suhrawardy became the Chief Minister . After widespread communal violence during

3819-569: The subcontinent. Its capital Calcutta grew into one of the world's greatest ports. Tea from Calcutta was off-loaded by American separatists in the American War of Independence in the 1770s. In the 19th century, Calcutta's traders and merchants traded with the rest of the British Empire, continental Europe, the United States and China. Indentured Indian labourers from Bihar, sailed to new homes in Fiji , Mauritius , Guyana , Surinam and South Africa. India's independence movement had strong roots in East India. The feudal land system, established through

3886-442: The temple city of India. The largest city of Odisha, Bhubaneswar today is a center of economic and religious importance in the region. With the economic liberalisation policy adopted by the Government of India in the '90s, Bhubaneswar received large investments in the fields of telecommunications , IT and higher education, particularly in science and engineering. The city is home to around 60 engineering colleges (as of 2009) and

3953-501: The term tehsil is commonly used in all northern states . In Maharashtra , Gujarat , Goa , Karnataka , Kerala and Tamil Nadu , taluka or taluk is more common. In Eastern India , instead of tehsils, the term Subdivision is used in Bihar , Assam , Jharkhand and West Bengal , as well as large parts of Northeast India ( Manipur , Meghalaya , Mizoram , Sikkim and Tripura ). In Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland , they are called circle . Tehsil/tahsil and taluk/taluka and

4020-414: The third in North India after Delhi and Lucknow. IT parks are also developing in and around the city. Patna recorded a per capita of Rs 63,063. The per capita level for 2007 was higher than Bangalore or Hyderabad , which are both leading centres for global software development. The Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain pilgrim centres of Vaishali, Rajgir, Nalanda, Gaya, Bodhgaya, and Pawapuri are nearby and Patna

4087-801: The two are often conflated. India, as a vast country, is subdivided into many states and union territories for administrative purposes. Further divisions of these states are known as districts . These districts (zila/zilla) are again divided into many subdivisions , viz tehsils or taluks. These subdivisions are again divided into gram panchayats or village panchayats. Initially, this was done for collecting land revenue and administration purposes. But now these subdivisions are governed in tandem with other departments of government like education, agriculture, irrigation, health, police, etc. The different departments of state government generally have offices at tehsil or taluk level to facilitate good governance and to provide facilities to common people easily. In India,

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4154-412: The universities of Magadha Empire. The Emperor of Kalinga Mahameghavahana Aira Kharavela was one of the most powerful monarchs of ancient India. The Jain thirkhankar Mahaveer was born here and founded Jainism . Islamic invasions in the 13th century resulted in the collapse of Hindu kings and most Buddhists, especially in East Bengal , converted to Islam. East India including Bihar and West Bengal

4221-488: The variants are used as English words without further translation. Since these terms are unfamiliar to English speakers outside the subcontinent , the word county has sometimes been provided as a gloss , on the basis that a tehsil, like a county, is an administrative unit hierarchically above the local city, town, or village, but subordinate to a larger state or province. India and Pakistan have an intermediate level of hierarchy (or more than one, at least in parts of India):

4288-433: Was a seat of learning and fine arts. The modern city of Patna is situated on the southern bank of the Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately 35 km long and 16 km to 18 km wide. It is the second largest city of Eastern India. In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna second in India (after Delhi ) for ease of starting a business. As of 2004–2005, Patna had

4355-510: Was part of the Mughal Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. Odisha remained the only powerful Hindu dynastic stronghold under the rule of Soma/Keshari Dynasty, Bhanja Dynasty, Eastern Ganga Dynasty, Suryavanshi Dynasty and Bhoi(Khordha) dynasty till the end of the 16th century. The mighty Nalanda University existed at Nalanda which was destroyed by Bakhtiar Khilji during the 12th century and also defeated Sena Dynasty . Sher Shah Suri , who became king of India after defeating Humayun , founded

4422-417: Was ruled by the Bengal Sultanate , founded by king Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah , beginning a period of the country's economic prosperity and military dominance over the regional empires, which was referred by the Europeans to as the richest country to trade with. Afterwards, the entire East India came under the Mughal Empire , becoming as the most advanced parts in the world. Bengal Subah generated almost half of

4489-802: Was the ancient Puspagiri University recently discovered in Odisha. Education in the eastern part of India has seen rapid transformation. Several new educational institutes have been established to cater the needs of students. East India is now the home to some of the great Indian universities and Institutions of National Importance. Some prominent institutions of higher learning located in the states of Eastern India are listed below. There were many ancient cities established in Eastern India. Prominent among them were Pataliputra , Bangarh , Tamralipta , Champapuri , Chandraketugarh , Dantapura , Gauda , Katak , Sisupalgarh , Tosali , Gaya , Jaugada , Pandua , Rajapura , Asurgarh and Vaishali . West Bengal 's capital Kolkata (formerly, known as Calcutta ),

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