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18-570: Pinega was known from 17th century as the pogost of Pinezhsky Volok. In the course of the administrative reform performed in 1708 by Peter the Great the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate , with the creation of Kevrolsky Uyezd . The center of the uyezd was located in Kevrola , now a village. In 1780, the Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty , with

36-472: A graveyard , situated at some distant place. The central village of the Finnish kunta ('municipality') of Ilomantsi is usually called the pogosta of Ilomantsi ( Ilomantsin pogosta ), the word being obviously a borrowing from Russian. The local dialect of Finnish shows strong Russian influence, and there is a strong presence of Orthodox Christians in the municipality. Even the name of the local newspaper

54-948: A resting point ( layover ) for people and horses. The inn served the needs of travellers, for food, drink, and rest. The attached stables, staffed by hostlers , cared for the horses, including changing a tired team for a fresh one. Coaching inns were used by private travellers in their coaches , the public riding stagecoaches between one town and another, and (in England at least) the mail coach . Just as with roadhouses in other countries, although many survive, and some still offer overnight accommodation, in general coaching inns have lost their original function and now operate as ordinary pubs . Coaching inns stabled teams of horses for stagecoaches and mail coaches and replaced tired teams with fresh teams. In America, stage stations performed these functions. Traditionally English coaching inns were seven miles (11 km) apart but this depended very much on

72-566: A rural type settlement again. The Pinega River is navigable below the village of Sogra, although there is no regular passenger navigation. Pinega is located at the point where the river sharply turns south-west. At this point, it passes several kilometers from the course of the Kuloy River . In 1926—1928 a canal connecting the Pinega with the Kuloy was constructed, however, currently the canal

90-588: Is Pogostan Sanomat ("The Pogosta News"), and a certain viral disease is locally called the Pogosta disease . In modern Finnish language, pogosta is also used in references to historical places, as a historical synonym for " parish " or " municipality " in Karelian , Ingrian and Russian contexts. Pagasts is the name for a basic unit of local self-government in the Republic of Latvia . The word "pagasts"

108-421: Is a Russian historical term which has had several meanings. In modern Russian, it typically refers to a rural church and graveyard. It has also been borrowed into Latgalian ( pogosts ), Finnish ( pogosta ) and Latvian ( pagasts ), with specific meanings. The original usage applies to the coaching inn for princes and ecclesiastics with the word being similar to modern Russian gost' (гость), "guest". It

126-510: Is a commonly used Latvian word equivalent to civil parish, rural municipality or small rural district, originating in the Russian pogost . There are 432 rural municipalities or pagasti in Latvia . Coaching inn The coaching inn (also coaching house or staging inn ) was a vital part of Europe's inland transport infrastructure until the development of the railway , providing

144-489: Is assumed that originally pogosts were rural communities on the periphery of the ancient Rus` state, as well as trading centers (Old Russian: gost'ba , гостьба). In the end of the 10th century pogosts transformed into administrative and territorial districts. Pogosts varied in size, ranging from tens to hundreds of villages in 11th–14th centuries. As Christianity spread in Russia, churches were built in pogosts . In 1775

162-581: Is now central London . The only remaining one with the galleries to the bedrooms above is The George Inn, Southwark , owned by the National Trust and still run as a pub. Many have been demolished and plaques mark their location. The Nomura building close to the Museum of London on London Wall commemorates the "Bull and Mouth" Inn. The Golden Cross House, opposite St Martin's in the Fields recalls

180-517: Is pretty much neglected. An important road (unpaved) along the right bank of the Pinega connects Arkhangelsk with the valley of the Mezen . From this road, another one, also unpaved, branches off and follows the Pinega to Karpogory , the village of Zanyukhcha , and then crosses the border with the Komi Republic to the timber production settlements. 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from Pinega, in

198-634: Is probably the oldest Welsh coaching inn. Other historic inns in Wales include the Black Boy Inn (built 1522) and the Groes Inn (1573). The Bear, Oxford , was founded in 1774 as 'The Jolly Trooper' from the house of the stableman to the coaching inn 'The Bear Inn', on High Street . It acquired the name The Bear, and the history of the coaching inn, when The Bear Inn was converted into a private house in 1801. There were many coaching inns in what

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216-549: The Golden Cross, Charing Cross coaching inn. A pair of coaching inns along Watling Street in Stony Stratford are claimed to have given rise to the term " cock and bull stories ". The claim is that stories by coach passengers would be further embellished as they passed between the two hostelries, "The Cock" and "The Bull", fuelled by ale and an interested audience. Hence any suspiciously elaborate tale would become

234-670: The Red Army and British troops in Pinega and around. For a short period, Pinega was occupied by British and American troops. In 1929, several governorates were merged into Northern Krai . July 15, 1929 the uyezds were abolished, and Pinezhsky District was established. Pinezhsky District became a part of the Arkhangelsk Okrug of the Northern Krai. In 1930, the Okrug was abolished, and the district became subordinate to

252-519: The central administration of the Northern Krai. In 1936, the Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast . In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Then, in 1959, Karpogorsky and Pinezhsky Districts were merged into one district with the administrative center located in Karpogory. From 1960 to 1993 Pinega was an urban-type settlement , after which it was downgraded to

270-692: The creation of Pinezhsky Uyezd in place of the Kevrolsky Uyezd. The center of the uyezd was Pinega, which thereby became a town. In 1796, Pinezhsky Uyezd moved into the Arkhangelsk Governorate . In 1897, the population of Pinega was 992. In 1925 the town of Pinega, while still being the center of the uyezd, was downgraded to a selo , and in February 1927, Pinezhsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into Arkhangelsky Uyezd . During Russian Civil War in 1918, battles were fought between

288-413: The last pogosts that served as administrative districts were destroyed. Since then they became known as city pogosts (погосто – место), functioning as parish centers. In the central uyezds of 15th–16th centuries pogosts were small settlements with a church and a graveyard, like Kizhi Pogost or Kadnikov Pogost. In modern Russian, pogosts usually designate a combination of a rural church and

306-568: The terrain. Some English towns had as many as ten such inns and rivalry between them was intense, not only for the income from the stagecoach operators but for the revenue for food and drink supplied to the passengers. Barnet , Hertfordshire still has an unusually high number of historic pubs along its high street due to its former position on the Great North Road from London to Scotland. The Black Lion in Cardigan (established 1105)

324-724: The village of Maletino , there is Krasnogorsky Monastery which is classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law. The monastery is neglected. The District Museum of the Pinezhsky District is located in Pinega. Downstream from Pinega there are karst caves which are a major tourist attraction. The karst landscape of the right bank of the Pinega River is protected in Pinezhsky Nature Reserve . Pogost Pogost ( Russian : погост , from Old East Slavic : погостъ )

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