Federico Ilustre (1912–1989) was a Filipino architect who worked for the Bureau of Public Works (now the Department of Public Works and Highways ). It was during his tenure as consulting architect that some of the country's prominent postwar architectural structures were built.
102-599: The Quezon Memorial Circle , a national park situated in Quezon City , Philippines is a prominent landmark located within a large elliptical traffic circle bounded by the Elliptical Road . Serving as the main park of Quezon City, which was the official capital of the Philippines from 1948 to 1976, the park is renowned for its centerpiece: a 66-meter (217 ft) tall mausoleum . This monument enshrines
204-498: A tropical monsoon climate (Am). The city has a dry season from December to April, in which in turn, divided into cool and warm dry seasons, and a prolonged wet season from May to November that brings heavy rains in some areas. The primary weather station of the city is located at the PAGASA Science Garden. It has been observed that extreme temperatures ranged from a record high of 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) to
306-604: A congressman in the House of Representatives . Each congressional district has six City Councilors. The number of barangays per district is: District I, 37; District II, 5; District III, 37; District IV, 38; District V, 14; and District VI, 11; Although District II has the fewest barangays, it is the biggest in land area, including the Novaliches Reservoir. According to the Köppen climate classification , Quezon City has
408-511: A crucial role in selecting the memorial's site. Although President Elpidio Quirino later proposed relocating the monument, Morato strongly opposed this idea. His opposition led him to resign as the congressman representing the 2nd district of Quezon Province in 1949 over disputes with Quirino's plan. In 1951, a national contest for the Quezon Memorial Project was held, with Filipino architect Federico Ilustre emerging as
510-532: A draftsman in the architectural office of Juan Nakpil , as well as a stint as a furniture designer in 1936 for Puyat and Sons. He first joined the Bureau of Public Works in 1936 as a draftsman, staying in that position until the outbreak of World War II in the country in 1941. He was then promoted to the position of consulting architect iduring the Japanese Occupation . After the war, he briefly left
612-588: A few months, expelling Imperial Japanese forces. Heavy fighting occurred in Novaliches , which at that time was within Caloocan, and New Manila which had been fortified. Smaller actions were fought at Barrio Talipapa and the University District. On July 17, 1948, President Elpidio Quirino signed Republic Act No. 333 into law, making Quezon City the capital of the Philippines . The Act created
714-512: A grand master plan for the new capital. The plan was approved by the Philippine authorities in 1941. The core of the new city was to be a 400-hectare (990-acre) Central Park, about the size of New York's Central Park , and defined by the North , South (Timog) , East and West Avenues . On one corner of the proposed Diliman Quadrangle was delineated a 25-hectare (62-acre) elliptical site,
816-442: A notice of violation by mail. This notice of violation is expected to be delivered within 14 days for city residents while non-residents are expected to receive their notices beyond the regular 14 days. Any traffic violations registered in the system can be checked from a dedicated website and its fines can be paid online. However, the policy has been criticized by motorists due to several intersections that have unclear directives on
918-550: A prominent Filipino author, was said to be influential in Quezon's vision to establish a new city. Quezon dreamed of a city where the common people could live and thrive. Roces suggested that a sizeable tract of land be purchased for this purpose. However, the government had no available fund except for ₱ 3 million in the hands of the National Development Company (NDC). In order to make Quezon's dream
1020-588: A reality and to mobilize funds for the land purchase, the People's Homesite Corporation (PHC) was created on October 14, 1938, as a subsidiary of NDC, with an initial capital of ₱ 2 million . Roces was the chairman of the Board of PHC, and they immediately acquired the vast Diliman Estate of the Tuason family at a cost of 5 centavos per square meter. PHC conducted topographical and subdivision surveys, and then subdivided
1122-402: A record low of 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). The hot season was observed for 1.5 months, from April to May, with an average daily high temperature of 32.8 °C (91.0 °F). Meanwhile, the cool season lasts for 2.6 months, from November to February, with an average temperature of below 30.5 °C (86.9 °F). About 20 typhoons enter the Philippines every year, affecting Quezon City and
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#17327986280741224-581: A separate regional unit of government. A year later, on June 24, 1976, Manila was reinstated by President Marcos as the capital of the Philippines for its historical significance as the seat of government since the Spanish Period. Presidential Decree No. 940 states that Manila has always been to the Filipino people and in the eyes of the world, the premier city of the Philippines being the center of trade, commerce, education and culture. Concurrent with
1326-711: A series of popular demonstrations and civil resistance against the Marcos government that occurred between February 22 and 25, 1986. All of the three major monuments commemorating the Martial Law era are located in Quezon City. The People Power Monument and the EDSA Shrine were built in the city to commemorate the event, with the latter being a symbol of the role that the Catholic Church played in
1428-478: A thirty-six hectare elliptical lot. It houses an observation deck that can accommodate sixty people at the top through a spiral staircase which gives the visitors a panoramic view of the city. At the top of the pylons are three mourning angels holding sampaguita (the national flower) wreaths sculpted by the Italian sculptor Francesco Monti . The regional identity of each female angels figure could be discerned in
1530-538: A total length of almost 200 km (120 mi). The city has an area of 161.11 km (62.20 sq mi), according to the 1995 GIS graphical plot, making it the largest Local Government Unit (LGU) in Metro Manila in terms of land area. Since its creation in 1939, the city's boundary were revised four times; the final revision was made thru Republic Act No. 1575, which placed the city's territory at 151.06 square kilometers (58.32 sq mi). Meanwhile,
1632-972: A tripartite agreement involving the Quezon City government, the National Historical Institute (now the National Historical Commission of the Philippines), and the National Parks Development Administration (NPDA), the NPDA gained jurisdiction over the park's 27 hectares (67 acres). However, the Quezon Memorial Shrine remained under the National Historical Institute's control. The NPDA subsequently transferred park management to
1734-636: Is beyond the reach of naval guns. Quezon contacted William E. Parsons , an American architect and planner, who had been the consulting architect for the islands early in the American colonial period. Parsons came over in the summer of 1939 and helped select the Diliman (Tuason) estate as the site for the new city. Unfortunately, he died later that year, leaving his partner Harry Frost to take over. Frost collaborated with Juan Arellano , engineer A.D. Williams, and landscape architect and planner Louis Croft to craft
1836-469: Is bounded by Rodriguez and San Jose del Monte to the north, Marikina and San Mateo to the east, Pasig to the southeast, Mandaluyong and San Juan to the south, Manila to the southwest, and Caloocan and Valenzuela to the west and northwest. The city lies on the Guadalupe Plateau, a relatively high plateau at the northeast of the metropolis situated between the lowlands of Manila to
1938-739: Is now E. de los Santos Avenue. In 1945, the City of Greater Manila was dissolved by President Sergio Osmeña , thus separating the cities and towns that were consolidated and regaining their pre-war status. The area which formed the city was then governed by the Philippine Executive Commission . In the same year, combined Filipino and American troops under the United States Army , Philippine Commonwealth Army , and Philippine Constabulary , with help from recognized guerrilla units, liberated and recaptured Quezon City in
2040-626: Is the fifth Rotary Peace Community in the Philippines and 25th in the world. The peace monument was inaugurated on December 7, 1999. The monument was removed due to the construction of the Quezon Memorial Circle Station of MRT-7 . The Philippine–Israel Friendship Park is hosted within the larger Quezon Memorial Circle beside the Quezon Heritage House. The park had its groundbreaking in December 2017 and
2142-707: The Bahay Kubo and the Bahay na bato . Most of the government buildings and structures built during the time of Marcos were associated with the " edifice complex " of the Marcoses. In 1938, President Manuel L. Quezon made a decision to push for a new capital city. Manila was getting crowded, and his military advisors reportedly told him that Manila, being by the bay, was an easy target for bombing by naval guns in case of attack. The new city will be located at least 15 km (9 mi) away from Manila Bay , which
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#17327986280742244-534: The 1969 balance of payments crisis , students from Quezon City-based universities, notably the University of the Philippines Diliman and Ateneo de Manila University were among the first to call for change, ranging from moderate policy reforms to radical changes in form of government. Students from these Quezon City schools, representing a spectrum of positions, were thus at the front lines of
2346-501: The 2010 local elections , actor Herbert "Bistek" Bautista , who served as Vice mayor during Belmonte's term, was elected as the city mayor. During his term, the Quezon City Pride Council was established. It was the first LGBT council in the Philippines. He also initiated numerous socialized housing projects called "Bistekville". Bautista was succeeded by Maria Josefina "Joy" Belmonte in 2019, who has served as
2448-601: The Batasang Pambansa Complex , the seat of House of Representatives of the Philippines , call the city home. Quezon City is a planned city . It covers a total area of 161.11 square kilometers (62.20 sq mi), making it the largest city in Metro Manila in terms of land area. It is politically subdivided into Six Congressional Districts , which represent the city in the Lower House of
2550-523: The City of Greater Manila , with Jorge B. Vargas as its designated mayor. It merged the city with Manila and the towns of Caloocan , Makati , Mandaluyong , Parañaque , Pasay , and San Juan . The mayors of these towns and cities served as the assistant mayor of their respective localities and were under the mayor of Greater Manila. The City of Greater Manila was the basis for the formation of Metro Manila in 1975. After Imperial Japanese forces conquered
2652-542: The City of Quezon and Q.C. (read and pronounced in Filipino as Kyusi ), is the most populous city in the Philippines . According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 2,960,048 people. It was founded on October 12, 1939, and was named after Manuel L. Quezon , the second president of the Philippines . The city was intended to be the national capital of the Philippines that would replace Manila , as
2754-752: The Congress of the Philippines . The city has 142 barangays under the City Government. National government departments and agencies are mostly situated in the first National Government Center (NGC) in Diliman. and the second National Government Center in Batasan Hills , where the Lower House of the Philippine Congress is located. Most of the city's northern part lies at the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountain range , including
2856-566: The La Mesa Watershed Reservation , the largest watershed in Metro Manila and a designated protected area . According to its 2023 estimated census, Quezon City had 3.1 million people in its boundaries, and 93.8 billion dollars in its GDP, and it is the only planned city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. Before the creation of Quezon City, the land on where it would eventually rise
2958-773: The Philippine Statistics Authority placed the city's land area at 171.71 square kilometers (66.30 sq mi), based on data provided by the Land Management Bureau. According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology and Geoscience Australia on their study earthquake impact and risk assessment on the Greater Metropolitan Manila Area, the total area of Quezon City is at 165.33 km (64 sq mi). Quezon City
3060-503: The seat of government . The city was also chosen as the regional center of Southern Tagalog , which was created in 1965, along with the provinces of Quezon and Aurora , the birthplace of Manuel L. Quezon ; however, its status of regional center became ineffective when the region was divided into Calabarzon and Mimaropa , through the effect of Executive Order No. 103 in May 2002 under the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo , and Aurora
3162-552: The 1995 GIS graphical plot, the city's total area is 161.11 km (62.20 sq mi), making it the largest Local Government Unit in Metro Manila in terms of land area. The turn of the decade from the 1960s to the 1970s brought an era of change and tumult throughout the Philippines, with many of the historically significant events of the era taking place in or involving people and groups from Quezon City. When Ferdinand Marcos ' economic policy of using foreign loans to fund government projects during his second term resulted in
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3264-551: The Capital City Planning Commission, which was tasked to develop and implement a masterplan for the city. As the capital, the city was expanded northwards, and the barrios of Baesa, Bagbag, Banlat, Kabuyao, Novaliches Proper ( Bayan / Poblacion ), Pasong Putik, Pasong Tamo, Pugad Lawin, San Bartolome, and Talipapa in Novaliches were ceded from Caloocan . This territorial change caused the division of Caloocan into two non-contiguous parts. Quezon City
3366-626: The Hardin ng Mga Bulaklak ( lit. ' Garden of Flowers ' ) and the Tropical Garden. The Quezon Memorial Circle also host a demo urban farm which in 2015 is occupying a 1,500 square meters (16,000 sq ft). The urban farm inside the park is one of the several sites under the "Joy of Urban Farming" project of Vice Mayor Joy Belmonte which was launched in 2010. In 2011, the Cactus and Succulent Garden designed by Serapion Metilla
3468-719: The Marcos dictatorship was the 1974 Sacred Heart Novitiate raid , in which a Catholic seminary in Novaliches was raided on the suspicion that communist leaders were hiding there. The arrest of Fr. Benigno Mayo who was the head of the Jesuit order in the Philippines at the time, and Fr. Jose Blanco alongside 21 members of the youth group called Student Catholic Action (SCA), helped convince " the formerly neutral Philippine middle class " that Marcos' powers had grown too great. As international pressure forced Marcos to start restoring civil rights, other key moments in Philippine history took place in Quezon City. Journalist Joe Burgos established
3570-545: The National Assembly to enact UP's relocation and on June 8, 1939, Commonwealth Act No. 442 was passed, enacting the transfer of UP outside of Manila. A portion of Mariquina Estate, which was adjacent to Magdalena Estate, was chosen as the new site with an approximate area of 600 hectares. Additional land from the Diliman Estate was also added as part of the new university campus. With the development of
3672-462: The Pedal N Paddle offers go-kart rides, boat rides in a small pond, fish spa, a 4D theater and Skybike, where patrons ride modified bicycles attached on an elevated rail. A children's playground and a rental bicycles are also available which can be used on a bicycle track within the park. Dining outlets and a flea market are also situated within park grounds. Previously the park had a disco area near
3774-508: The People's Homesite Corporation housing in the Diliman Estate and the creation of the new UP Campus, the creation of Quezon City was justified. On October 12, 1939, Commonwealth Act No. 502, also known as the Charter of Quezon City, was passed by the National Assembly, which created Quezon City. Surprisingly, Quezon allowed the bill to lapse into law because he did not sign it. The city was originally to be known as Balintawak City according to
3876-529: The Philippines during the Pacific War , the City of Greater Manila was reorganized in 1942 into twelve districts, two of which were formed by dividing Quezon City: Balintawak which consisted of San Francisco del Monte, Galas, La Loma, New Manila, Santa Mesa Estate, the Wack Wack Golf and Country Club , and the present-day Greenhills, San Juan ; and Diliman which was composed of Diliman proper, Cubao,
3978-513: The QCPDF, which was authorized to generate revenue for its upkeep. In the 1980s, the architecture firm led by Francisco Mañosa developed a master plan for the park, reflecting its evolving role as a central urban space. On July 1, 2008, after managing the park since September 27, 1988, the QCPDF handed over management responsibilities to the Quezon City government. During the COVID-19 pandemic ,
4080-724: The Quezon City-based WE Forum newspaper in 1977 and in it published a story by Colonel Bonifacio Gillego in November 1982 which discredited many of the Marcos medals . Media coverage of the September 1984 Welcome Rotonda protest dispersal showed how opposition figures including 80-year-old former Senator Lorenzo Tañada and 71-year old Manila Times founder Chino Roces were waterhosed despite their frailty and how student leader Fidel Nemenzo (later Chancellor of
4182-608: The Quezon Memorial Shrine but it has been closed down. Public facilities for events such as the Seminar Hall, Century Hall, People’s Hall, and a stage, as well as covered courts were introduced by the city government which took over administration of the park in 2008. A dancing fountain was also renovated by the city government which is illuminated with colors at night. The elliptical park features smaller gardens and named green spaces within its grounds such as
Quezon Memorial Circle - Misplaced Pages Continue
4284-733: The San Francisco Del Monte Estate, 257.54 hectares (2.5754 km ). Quezon's goal was to create a place for the working class, coinciding with the planned transfer of the University of the Philippines campus in Manila to a more suitable location, which became another precedent for the creation of Quezon City. As early as 1928, the University of the Philippines (UP) had planned to expand by adding more academic units and constructing new buildings. The university experienced increase in enrollment and its planned expansion
4386-675: The United Nations, weighs 365 kilograms (805 lb), has a height of 1.05 meters (3.4 ft), and a diameter of 60 centimeters (24 in). It was designed by the Quezon City Planning Office. The bell was turned over to then Quezon City Vice Mayor Charito Planas by World Peace Bell Association Executive Chairman Tomojiro Yoshida at the Tsunamachi Mitsui Club in Tokyo on July 1, 1994. The bell
4488-698: The University District, and the present-day eastern portion of Marikina. In the same year, the patients of Quezon Institute were relocated to the San Juan de Dios Hospital in Intramuros and the Japanese military used the facility for its own sick and wounded. The Japanese renamed some streets, most notably South Avenue which became Timog Avenue. In 1944, when the Americans returned to Luzon, they gave numerical designations to some roads such as Route 54, which
4590-852: The University of the Philippines Diliman) was shot nearly to death. Most significantly, the August 1983 funeral of assassinated opposition leader of Ninoy Aquino began at the Aquino family household in Times Street, West Triangle, Quezon City, and continued to the funeral mass at Santo Domingo Church in Santa Mesa Heights before the final interment at the Manila Memorial Park . The procession took from 9:00 AM until 9:00 PM to finish as two million people joined
4692-443: The Vice Mayor under his term and the daughter of former Quezon City mayor Feliciano Belmonte Jr. She was then reelected as City Mayor in 2022, after which the Quezon City People's Council was established. Under the Participation, Accountability and Transparency Ordinance, the council would serve as an umbrella for about 2,232 civil society organizations accredited by the city government as a means for more civic participation and as for
4794-404: The approved MRT Line 7 . Locally referred to as the "Circle," the park has recently undergone substantial enhancements led by the local government to attract more visitors, both local and international. These beautification efforts have significantly boosted the number of visitors to the park. Originally conceived as the site for the National Capitol in Quezon City, the Quezon Memorial circle
4896-492: The area) because its residents were not Obreros (Workers). The Philippine Exposition in 1941 was held on the newly established Quezon City, but participants were limited to locals because of the increasing turbulence at the beginning of the Second World War. Eventually, parts of Manila were bombed by the Japanese Imperial Forces in December 1941, bringing the war to the Philippines. On January 1, 1942, President Quezon issued Executive Order No. 400 as an emergency measure to form
4998-446: The bureau to join the AFWESPAC of the US Army as supervising architect and assist them in the postwar infrastructure rehabilitation. In 1947, he became the supervising architect of the National Housing Commission, a position he held for two years until he returned to the Bureau of Public Works in 1949 also as supervising architect. He would remain with the public works office until the 1970s. His most notable work would be his design of
5100-417: The campus in the future. Marcos' declaration of martial law in September 1972 saw the immediate shutdown of all media not approved by Marcos, including Quezon City media outlets such as GMA Channel 7 and ABS-CBN Channel 2 . At the same time, it saw the arrest of many students, journalists, academics, and politicians who were considered political threats to Marcos, many of them residents of Quezon City. By
5202-423: The central districts of Binondo , Intramuros , Quiapo , San Nicolas and Tondo . There were also problems with sanitation and traffic congestion. The rise of slums in Manila gave rise to the development of its suburbs outside the city limits in the municipalities of Pasay , San Felipe Neri (renamed as Mandaluyong), San Francisco del Monte , Makati , and San Juan del Monte . These towns became favorable to
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#17327986280745304-424: The city was created in 1939, Art Deco was the prevailing architectural style, moving forward from the colonial designs of Bahay na bato by the Spanish, and the Neoclassical style by the Americans. The choice of designing buildings in contemporary international style was intentional to show that the Philippines was moving forward since it was anticipating independence in 1945. The Quezon Memorial Shrine , which
5406-651: The city's residents with more than 1,200 deaths. The quarantine was later downgraded to the alert level system (ALS) in 2021 until the state of public health emergency was lifted by President Bongbong Marcos on July 21, 2023. On July 1, 2022, the Quezon City government began fully implementing its No Contact Apprehension Policy on several major roads in the city. As a result, closed-circuit television cameras were installed on some intersections along Quirino Highway , E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue, Aurora Boulevard , West Avenue , East Avenue , Kamias Road, and P. Tuazon Boulevard. Motorists that violate traffic policies would be sent
5508-491: The cornerstone was laid on November 15, 1940, construction halted due to the outbreak of World War II in the Philippines, leaving only the foundations completed. In December 1945, following the end of World War II, President Sergio Osmeña issued Executive No. 79 to form the Quezon Memorial Committee . This committee was tasked with raising public funds to build a memorial in honor of his predecessor, President Manuel L. Quezon. Former Quezon City Mayor Tomas Morato played
5610-420: The council to be the “eyes, ears and voice” of the city residents in the city government. Beginning March 15, 2020, Quezon City was placed under community quarantine , which were introduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the country . The strictest quarantine was the enhanced community quarantine in 2020 and 2021, in response to the then-ongoing pandemic in the city , which has infected more than 100,000 of
5712-431: The creation of the City of Novaliches by carving out the 15 northernmost barangays of Quezon City. The voting process only includes the affected barangays, but then-city mayor of the town Ismael "Mel" Mathay Jr. lobbied to include the whole city. He also campaigned against the secession of Novaliches. In the succeeding plebiscite that was held on October 23, 1999, an overwhelming majority of Quezon City residents rejected
5814-497: The crowd. The experience galvanized many of the Philippines into resisting the dictatorship, with protests against Marcos snowballing until they happened nearly every week, and until Marcos was ousted by the People Power revolution . In terms of administrative changes during this period, the region of Metro Manila was created as an integrated unit with the enactment of Presidential Decree No. 824 on November 7, 1975. The region encompassed four cities and thirteen adjoining towns , as
5916-491: The district of San Francisco del Monte, which is not listed as a legislative district, was originally a pueblo owned by Franciscan missionary Fray Pedro Bautista . Additionally, the Diliman Quadrangle was planned to be the city center of Quezon City. The architecture in Quezon City features a wide variety of architectural styles, such as Art Deco , Brutalist , International Modern , Postmodern and Contemporary styles . The city also has numerous monuments and museums. When
6018-690: The establishment of the new capital. Several barangays from different towns were carved out to correspond to the estates that PHC bought for the creation of Quezon City. The new city had an area of 7,355 hectares (73.55 km ), and the barrios and sitios that were taken for its creation were the following: Bagubantay (Bago Bantay), Balingasa , Balintauac (Balintawak), Kaingin, Kangkong, Loma (La Loma), Malamig, Matalahib, Masambong, San Isidro, San Jose, Santol and Tatalon , were taken from Caloocan ; Cubao, Diliman, Kamuning, New Manila, and San Francisco del Monte were taken from San Juan ; Balara, Barranca (Barangka), Jesus de la Peña, Krus na Ligas , Tañong and
6120-469: The fare was not affordable to minimum wage earners. Because of the city's unaffordable housing prices and lack of transportation for low-income earners, the goal of creating mass housing for the working class was not met. Instead, those who opted to live in Quezon City consisted of middle-class households such as those in Kamuning, whose residents petitioned to rename it from Barrio Obrero (Worker's Community) to Kamuning (a type of tree that grows abundantly in
6222-415: The first bill filed by Assemblyman Ramon P. Mitra Sr. from Mountain Province , but Assemblymen Narciso Ramos and Eugenio Perez , both from Pangasinan , amended and successfully lobbied the assembly to name the city after the President in honor of his role in the creation of this new city. The creation of Quezon City halted the full implementation of the Burnham Plan of Manila and funds were diverted for
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#17327986280746324-419: The focal point of the grand quadrangle. This was the planned location of a large Capitol Building to house the Philippine Legislature and ancillary structures for the offices of representatives. On either side of the giant ellipse were supposed to have been the new Malacañang Palace on North Avenue (site of the present-day Veterans Memorial Hospital ), and the Supreme Court Complex along East Avenue (now
6426-480: The latter was suffering from overcrowding , lack of housing, poor sanitation, and traffic congestion . To create Quezon City, several barrios were carved out from the towns of Caloocan , Marikina , San Juan and Pasig , in addition to the eight vast estates the Philippine government purchased for this purpose. It was officially proclaimed the national capital on October 12, 1949, and several government departments and institutions moved out of Manila and settled into
6528-402: The lots and sold them to the target buyers at an affordable price. Its target users and beneficiaries were Manila's working class, who were suffering from a shortage of affordable and decent housing in the capital. The service of the Metropolitan Waterworks system was extended to site. The Bureau of Public Works, then under Secretary Vicente Fragante, constructed the streets and highways within
6630-413: The major protests of the first three months of 1970 – what would later be called the " First Quarter Storm ." A year later in 1971, this was followed up by the Diliman Commune , in which the students, faculty, and residents of UP Diliman initially planned to protest an impending oil price hike, but because of violent attempts to disperse them, also later demanded that Marcos' military pledge not to assault
6732-468: The morning after Marcos' televised announcement of the proclamation, about 400 of these arrestees were gathered in Camp Crame on the southwestern reaches of Quezon City, destined to be among the first of thousands of political detainees under the Marcos dictatorship . Camp Crame would be the site of many of the human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship , with one of the first being the murder of student journalist Liliosa Hilao in Camp Crame. Among
6834-407: The new capital city. This necessitated the expansion of the city northward, carving out Novaliches from Caloocan which divided it into two non-contiguous parts. Several barrios were also taken from San Mateo and parts of Montalban . However, on June 24, 1976, Presidential Decree No. 940 was enacted, which reverted national capital status to Manila while the whole of Metro Manila was designated as
6936-427: The newly completed Quezon Memorial Shrine . It now houses the mausoleum where President Quezon and his wife Aurora Aragon Quezon are interred. It also contains a museum dedicated to President Quezon and his life. In 1986, the nonviolent People Power Revolution , led by Corazon Aquino and Cardinal Jaime Sin , ousted Marcos from power. Thousands of people flocked EDSA between Camp Crame and Camp Aguinaldo in
7038-430: The park adapted to meet critical needs by providing makeshift dormitories for health workers from nearby hospitals and serving as a testing site. The Quezon Memorial Shrine is an art deco-themed monument designed by Federico Ilustre and was built during the 1950s – serving as the centerpiece of the Quezon Memorial Circle. The 66-meter (217 ft) shrine representing Quezon's age when he died from tuberculosis stands on
7140-481: The park including the TEC bike rental, Pedal n Paddle Inc., and Philippine Mango Seedling. Following a planned redevelopment of the park by Mayor Joy Belmonte some stall vendors and restaurants surrounding the park's children's playground vacated the park after their permit expired on June 30, 2019. Within the same year, Belmonte launched the Fresh Market, a weekly farmer-to-consumer program, that would allow farmers from nearby provinces to sell produce to residents within
7242-507: The park. In 2012, it was reported that an average of 8,000 people visit the Quezon Memorial Circle daily. The average figures during the weekends were reportedly higher during the weekends amounting to 12,000 people. In December 2011, more than a million visited the park. Quezon City Quezon City ( UK : / ˈ k eɪ z ɒ n / , US : / ˈ k eɪ s ɒ n , - s ɔː n , - s oʊ n / ; Filipino : Lungsod Quezon [luŋˈsod ˈkɛson] ), also known as
7344-559: The possibility of naval bombardment from Manila Bay . Unfortunately, he died in December 1939 and his partner Harry T. Frost took over and become the lead planner. Frost arrived in the Philippines on May 1, 1940, and became the architectural adviser of the Philippine Commonwealth government. Together with Juan M. Arellano , Alpheus D. Williams, and Welton Becket, they created the Master Plan for Quezon City which
7446-689: The presidential memorabilia of Quezon, and the other containing items on the history of Quezon City, were installed within the Shrine itself. In the 1980s, missing, lost, or incomplete bas reliefs for the outside of the memorial were installed. A house of Manuel L. Quezon family in Gilmore, New Manila was transferred within the Quezon Memorial Circle and was made a museum. A city museum, the Quezon City Experience (QCX)
7548-514: The prominent cases of abuse suffered specifically by Quezon City residents were the cases of Primitivo Mijares and his sixteen-year-old son Boyet Mijares, who lived in Project 6 at the time of their deaths; and Roman Catholic Diocese of Cubao social worker Purificacion Pedro who was murdered by a soldier at her hospital room in Bataan. One of the key moments that led to the eventual demise of
7650-546: The proper way to navigate them correctly. In particular, several motorists complained on social media after they were ticketed for turning "in the wrong lane" at the intersection of E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue and Gilmore Avenue , where the rightmost lane is cut in half by Quezon City's bike lane network. The geography of Quezon City is characterized by undulating terrain. The city is within the catchment area of five river systems – Marikina , Pasig , San Juan , Tullahan and Meycauayan – along with their creeks and tributaries with
7752-481: The property. Quezon also tapped Architect Juan M. Arellano to draft a design of the city. Eight vast estates were acquired in order to create Quezon City: Diliman Estate, 1,573.22 hectares (15.7322 km ), Santa Mesa Estate, 861.79 hectares (8.6179 km ), Mandaluyong Estate, 781.36 hectares (7.8136 km ), Magdalena Estate, 764.48 hectares (7.6448 km ), Piedad Estate, 743.84 hectares (7.4384 km ), Maysilo Estate, 266.73 hectares (2.6673 km ) and
7854-405: The reinstatement of Manila as the capital, Ferdinand Marcos designated his wife, Imelda Marcos , as the first governor of Metro Manila, who started the construction of massive government edifices with architectural significance as she re-branded Manila as the " City of Man ". On March 31, 1978, President Marcos ordered the transfer of the remains of President Quezon from Manila North Cemetery to
7956-584: The remains of Manuel L. Quezon , the second official President of the Philippines and the first president of an internationally recognized independent Philippines, alongside his wife, First Lady Aurora Quezon . The Quezon Memorial Circle is also set to become a pivotal point in the Manila Metro Rail Transit System with the construction of the Quezon Memorial MRT station , which will be an underground facility on
8058-430: The rest of Metro Manila . In recent years, heavy rainfalls from Habagat (south west monsoon) became as destructive as typhoons, triggering floods and landslides which endangers the city's residents living near the riverbanks. Quezon City is politically subdivided into six legislative districts . However, the city is also divided into non-legislative or informal districts based on its historical origins. For instance,
8160-456: The restoration of democracy in the Philippines. The Bantayog ng mga Bayani was constructed along Quezon Avenue to honor the heroes and martyrs that struggled under the 20-year Marcos regime. The Wall of Remembrance at the Bantayog honors prominent figures during the martial law era. On February 23, 1998, Republic Act. No. 8535 was signed by President Fidel Ramos , which paved the way for
8262-448: The secession of Novaliches. Mathay was succeeded by Feliciano Belmonte Jr. , who served as the city mayor from 2001 to 2010. On May 1, 2001, numerous residents of Barangay Holy Spirit who have been protesting against the arrest of former president Joseph Estrada marched from EDSA Shrine to Malacañang and participated in the May 1 riots against President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo . In
8364-467: The site of East Avenue Medical Center ). The three branches of government were to be finally and efficiently located in close proximity to each other. Federico Ilustre Ilustre graduated with a degree in architecture at the Mapua Institute of Technology , eventually becoming a licensed architect in 1937. His architectural experience however went way back, when he started out in 1935 as
8466-425: The site of the new UP Campus were taken from Marikina ; and, the barrios and sitios of Libis, and Ogong (Ugong Norte) from Pasig . Commonwealth Act No. 659, enacted on June 21, 1941, changed the city's boundaries. Under this law, the area of Wack Wack Golf and Country Club were to be reverted to Mandaluyong , and the barrios of lower Barranca and Jesus de la Peña were reverted to Marikina . However, Camp Crame
8568-504: The southwest and the Marikina River Valley to the east. The highest elevation in Quezon City is the northern tip of the La Mesa Watershed Reservation at 250 meters (820 ft) above sea level. The West Valley Fault traverses the eastern border of the city. Quezon City is politically subdivided into 142 barangays . These barangays are grouped into six congressional districts , with each district being represented by
8670-635: The traditional costume they were clothed with. The winged figures atop the three pylons represented Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The three pylons would in turn circumscribe a drum-like two-story structure containing a gallery from which visitors could look down at Quezon's catafalque , modeled after Napoleon Bonaparte's in the Invalides . The gallery and the catafalque below are lit by an oculus , in turn reminiscent of Grant's Tomb . The planned auxiliary structures (presidential library, museum, and theater) were never built. Two smaller museums, one containing
8772-477: The upper and middle-class who wanted to escape the congested city but had economic links to it. President Manuel L. Quezon , aware of the problems besetting Manila, initiated housing projects called Barrio Obrero ( Worker's Community ). These communities were established in various places in Manila such as Avenida Rizal , Sta. Cruz and Barrio Vitas, Tondo . However, the project failed miserably and these communities became slum areas. Alejandro Roces Sr.,
8874-592: The winner. His design included not only the monument but also plans for a presidential library, a museum, and a theater. The undeveloped grounds of Quezon Memorial Circle saw significant events, including a public mass celebrated by Pope Paul VI in 1970. Following the People Power Revolution in 1986, the Quezon City Parks Development Foundation (QCPDF) was established under Mayor Brigido Simon Jr. Through
8976-460: Was also opened within park grounds in late 2015. The Presidential Car Museum , housing the presidential cars of former Philippine presidents, was inaugurated on August 19, 2018. Quezon City Circle also hosts the Circle of Fun, a small amusement park which has various rides such as the "Fun Drop" a drop tower ride and the "Sea Dragon", a pirate ship type of amusement ride. A separate attraction,
9078-529: Was approved by the Philippine government in 1941. The Frost Plan featured wide avenues, large open spaces and roundabouts at major intersections. The plan for major thoroughfares made by Louis Croft for the Greater Manila Area served as the backbone for the Plan of Quezon City. The center of the city was a 400-hectare quadrangle formed by four avenues — North , West , South and East — which
9180-550: Was built from 1952 to 1978, was designed in Art Deco style. It became the city's symbol and at its base was a museum and mausoleum dedicated to the late Manuel L. Quezon and his wife Aurora . When the city became the capital in 1948, a lot of government buildings transferred from Manila to Quezon City. Numerous government buildings were built during the terms of President Elpidio Quirino , Ramon Magsaysay , Carlos P. Garcia , Diosdado Macapagal and Ferdinand Marcos . However, it
9282-610: Was designed to be the location of the National Government of the Philippines. At the northeast corner of the Quadrangle was a large roundabout, a 25-hectare (62-acre) elliptical site, were the proposed Capitol Building is envisioned to rise. To make the city accessible, Quezon ordered Luzon Bus Lines to ply from Kamuning towards Tutuban in Divisoria , Manila to provide transport for the city's residents. However,
9384-599: Was formally inaugurated as the capital on October 12, 1949. President Quirino laid the cornerstone on the proposed Capitol Building at Constitution Hills . On June 16, 1950, the Quezon City Charter was revised by Republic Act No. 537, changing the city's boundaries to an area of 153.59 km (59 sq mi). Exactly six years later, on June 16, 1956, more revisions to the city's territory were made by Republic Act No. 1575, which defined its area as 151.06 km (58 sq mi). However, according to
9486-421: Was hampered by its small campus in Manila. The revised Burnham Plan of Manila envisioned the new campus to be located just outside Manila's city limits at 'the heights behind Manila'. The UP Board of Regents informed Quezon of their desire to relocate the campus and he was supportive of the idea. Furthermore, he wanted the facilities in the Manila campus to be used for government purposes. In 1939, Quezon urged
9588-470: Was inaugurated by then President Fidel V. Ramos on December 10, 1994, who formally presented the bell to then Quezon City Mayor Ismael Mathay . A Peace Monument was also erected inside the grounds of the park by the Rotary Club . It marked Quezon City as a Rotary Peace City as part of the "Community Peace Cities/Towns" concept conceived by the Rotary Club of Wagga Wagga , Australia . Quezon City
9690-603: Was inaugurated in August 2018. It commemorate President Manuel L. Quezon's efforts to accept 1,000 Jewish refugees in the Philippines during the World War II era and the Philippines' support for the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine and the establishment of the State of Israel . The Quezon Memorial Circle is totally engulfed by the Elliptical Road . A ₱49 million pedestrian underpass
9792-534: Was intended to house the Congress of the Philippines . This location was part of a broader plan for a National Government Center (NGC) encompassing Elliptical Road and the Quezon City Quadrangle, which includes the North, South, East, and West Triangles. The NGC aimed to consolidate the three branches of the Philippine government—legislative, executive, and judicial—into a single area. However, while
9894-680: Was only during the term of Marcos that began the Filipinization of architecture. Numerous government hospitals in the city such as the Lung Center of the Philippines , Philippine Heart Center , and the Kidney Center of the Philippines were built and regarded as "designer" hospitals. Traditional Filipino design motifs were incorporated in government buildings such as the Batasang Pambansa , which drew inspiration from
9996-947: Was opened in October 2007 which connects the lot occupied by the Quezon City Hall and the park. A second underpass connects the park to the Philcoa area near the Commonwealth Avenue amounted to ₱87 million and opened in December 2009. The park will also host an eponymous station of the Manila Metro Rail Transit System Line 7 (MRT-7), which is under construction. As of 2017, the Quezon Memorial Circle hosts five restaurants and 13 food stalls. There are also 19 kiosks, 39 plant stalls, as well as 21 stalls from Agri-Aqua Network International. 7 other establishments also has presence in
10098-571: Was opened to the public. Among the other areas of the park is the World Peace Bell. The bell installed not before 1994, was a donation of the World Peace Bell Association , a Japanese organization promoting awareness on the world peace movement. The Philippines was the first Southeast Asian nation to receive a bell from the association. The first bell was made from coins donated by the then 65 member countries of
10200-444: Was part of several towns such as Caloocan , Mariquina (Marikina) , Montalban (renamed as Rodriguez), Pasig , San Mateo , and San Juan del Monte (renamed as San Juan), all under Manila province and, beginning in 1901, Rizal province. In the 1930s, Manila's urban problems were apparent and problematic. It lacked public housing, where thousands of the city's residents lived in congested informal settler communities, especially in
10302-520: Was taken out of San Juan and was given to Quezon City. 1939, the year the city was established, recorded a population of 39,103 people. The city in its early days was predominantly rural, but Quezon asked American Architect William Parsons to craft a master plan for the newly created city. Parsons was the one who advise Quezon to locate the National Government Center in Diliman instead of Wallace Field (now Rizal Park ), due to
10404-464: Was transferred to the authority of Central Luzon , with Southern Tagalog limited to being a cultural-geographic region. Quezon City is known for its culture, entertainment industry and media, and is aptly called the "City of Stars". Major broadcasting networks have their headquarters and studios in the city. It is also known for its commerce, education, research, technology, politics, tourism, art and sports. Several national government branches including
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