102-480: Rodrigo Roa Duterte KGCR ( English: / d ə ˈ t ɜːr t eɪ / , Tagalog: [ɾodˈɾiː.ɣo ˈɾoː.ɐ dʊˈtɛːɾ.tɛ] ; born March 28, 1945), also known as Digong , Rody , and by the initials DU30 and PRRD , is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the 16th president of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022. He is the chairperson of Partido Demokratiko Pilipino (formerly PDP–Laban),
204-618: A "shoot to kill" policy with respect to criminal suspects resisting arrest . Retired Policeman Arthur Lascañas, a self-confessed leader of DDS, claims that the group was responsible for mosque bombings and the killing of a journalist during its heyday. According to Lascañas, the squad was ordered to bomb mosques in Davao in retaliation for the San Pedro Cathedral bombing. DDS was conceptualized by former Integrated National Police Regional Commander Dionisio Tan-Gatue Jr. to fight
306-453: A 2009 report by Human Rights Watch , the victims were mostly alleged drug dealers, petty criminals, and street children. Amnesty International states that killings and extrajudicial executions, particularly of criminal suspects, continued throughout the year. In Mindanao many such killings, including those of minors, were attributed to the so-called "Davao Death Squad" vigilante group. It was reported that local officials in some areas advocated
408-571: A Better Philippines in Cebu City prior to joining the presidential race, the then-mayor of Davao City called for the creation of two federal states for Moro people as a solution to the problems besetting Mindanao . Mayor Duterte said that Nur Misuari and his Moro National Liberation Front do not see eye-to-eye with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front which the administration of President Benigno Aquino III had inked
510-621: A Federal System of Government". Prospects of Duterte running for president in the 2016 elections began in February 2015, during which Duterte, then outgoing Mayor of Davao City , re-entered the PDP-Laban party, who courted him to run for president. A month later, Duterte emerged as a preferred presidential candidate in a Pulse Asia poll; tied with Manila mayor and former president Joseph Estrada , Duterte ranked third behind Senator Grace Poe and frontrunner, Vice President Jejomar Binay . In
612-464: A belief by the killers that they were immune from police action. In 2005 the deputy ombudsman for the Military and Other Law Enforcement Offices suspended four senior police officials for six months without pay because of their failure to solve a number of vigilante killings in their area. In an official statement the deputy ombudsman said: "The inability of the respondent police officers to prevent
714-622: A case against him if they could provide evidence of his links with vigilante groups. We're the ninth-safest city. How do you think I did it? How did I reach that title among the world's safest cities? Kill them all [criminals]. Duterte frequently expressed his support for the extrajudicial killings that occurred during his tenure as Davao City mayor, while alternately denying and admitting his links to them. During his post-presidency in October 2023, he admitted on his talk show program Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa to using intelligence funds to finance
816-478: A comprehensive tax reform plan, led efforts to pass the Bangsamoro Basic Law , made efforts to streamline government transactions, launched the nationwide 9–1–1 rescue and 8888 complaint hotlines, established a one-stop service center for overseas Filipino workers , and increased in the combat and incentive pay of soldiers and police personnel. Duterte made moves to limit US visiting troops in
918-584: A consultative committee to review the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines . Duterte adjusted to working and residing at the Malacañang Palace by dividing his workweek between Manila and Davao City, spending three days in each city and utilizing the Malacañang of the South while in Davao. A Pulse Asia survey conducted from July 2–8 showed that Duterte had a trust rating of 91%, the highest of
1020-671: A double murder, Duterte allegedly burned a flag of Singapore (though this claim was later denied) and joined 1,000 employees of Davao City in protest. In 1998, because he was term-limited to run again for mayor, Duterte ran and won as congressman of the city's 1st district under the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino (LAMMP). He was a member of five House committees, namely: National Defense , Public Order and Security , Health , Transportation and Communications , and Cooperative Development . He filed 64 measures, including 45 bills, with one enacted into law—Republic Act No. 8969, which declared
1122-443: A name, address and a photograph. Local police stations were allegedly pre-warned to facilitate the murders and escape of the assailants. Witnesses reported that police officers took a surprisingly long time to respond to incidents even where these occurred in the vicinity of police stations and officers neglected to follow basic investigative procedures, such as collecting bullet casings from the street. Human Rights Watch reported that
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#17327728306471224-708: A new comprehensive anti-smoking ordinance. A firecracker ban was also implemented by the City Council through the support of Duterte. Davao acquired 10 ambulances for central 911 intended for medical emergencies and 42 mobile patrol vehicles and motorcycles for the Davao City Police Office. Duterte, through Executive Order No. 24, ordered all shopping malls and commercial centers to install, operate and maintain high end and high definition closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras at all entrance and exit points of their premises. In September 2015, Duterte
1326-602: A peace deal with. He also said that the "template of the Bangsamoro Basic Law is federal", but what is granted to the Bangsamoro should also be granted to other Moro groups and other regions in the country. In a dialogue with the Makati Business Club prior to the elections, Duterte said he is open to "toning down the Constitution" to accommodate more foreign investors to the Philippines. He also said he
1428-542: A person suspected of smuggling rice, the office of the President of the Philippines then under Benigno Aquino III issued a statement saying, "Killing a person is against the law. The President has been firm in the belief that no one is above the law. We must not resort to extralegal methods." Commenting on Duterte, the UN special rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions said in 2008, "The mayor's positioning
1530-404: A prohibition on selling, serving, drinking, and consuming alcoholic beverages from 01:00 until 08:00 each morning. Duterte signed Executive Order No. 39, reducing the speed limits for all kinds of motor vehicles within the territorial jurisdiction of Davao City in the interest of public safety and order. Duterte also signed Executive Order No. 04 creating the implementing of rules and regulations for
1632-476: A rally in April 2016 that he shot a fellow student who had bullied him about his Visayan origin as well as other students of the same ethnicity, while at San Beda law college. He said, "But the truth is, I'm used to shooting people. When we were about to graduate from San Beda, I shot a person." Duterte said that he shot the student in a corridor at the college when the said student called him names again. He later told
1734-547: A reporter that the student survived, but refused to answer any further questions about the incident. However, in an interview aired on 24 Oras and published on the official GMA News Online website on April 22, 2016, retired labor arbiter Arthur Amansec said Duterte and Octavio Goco at that time were both playing with a gun as it was normal for students to bring guns to school in the seventies. Amansec is Duterte's former classmate in San Beda College who witnessed
1836-470: A shift to a federal system of government which was ultimately unsuccessful. He also oversaw the controversial burial of Ferdinand Marcos , the 2017 Battle of Marawi , and the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic . He declared the intention to pursue an "independent foreign policy", and strengthened relations with China and Russia . He initially announced his candidacy for vice president in
1938-676: A state order, it is the one order of knighthood in the Philippines officially recognized and endorsed by an official act of the national government, and its awards and titles are recognized by the Honors code of the Philippines as official awards of the Republic. The Order is often worn by members of the Philippine government and diplomatic corps. The insignia of the Order of the Knights of Rizal
2040-411: Is a home-type jail with ten cottages built inside the compound, which now serve as homes for female inmates. During Duterte's tenure as mayor, Davao City experienced economic boom and a significant decrease in crime from being a conflict-ridden area between communists and right-wing groups during the 1970s and 1980s, and is constantly rated as among the safest in the country. The city also ranks high in
2142-407: Is frankly untenable: He dominates the city so thoroughly as to stamp out whole genres of crime, yet he remains powerless in the face of hundreds of murders committed by men without masks in view of witnesses." However, despite his earlier statements of support for the extrajudicial killing of criminals, Duterte has constantly denied any involvement in the death squad. In a January 2016 decision by
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#17327728306472244-573: Is open to up to 70 percent foreign ownership of businesses in the country and foreign lease of lands up to 60 years, but will "leave it to Congress to decide". On May 30, 2016, the 16th Congress of the Philippines proclaimed Duterte as the president-elect of the Philippines after he topped the official count by the Congress of the Philippines for the 2016 presidential election with 16,601,997 votes, 6.6 million more than his closest rival, Mar Roxas . Camarines Sur representative Leni Robredo on
2346-712: Is ranked seventh in the Order of Wear pursuant to the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Honors Code of the Philippines. Since its founding, the Order has grown to more than 25,000 members belonging to 131 active chapters in the Philippines and 61 active chapters around the world. Its international headquarters is located on Bonifacio Drive in Port Area, Manila. The Order of the Knights of Rizal
2448-468: Is the sister of attorney Lucas Carpio Jr., husband of Court of Appeals Justice Agnes Reyes Carpio. Agnes and Lucas are the parents of Sara Duterte's husband, Mans Carpio. Sara Duterte is President Duterte's daughter and now-mayor of Davao City). When Duterte was elected president, he appointed Vitaliano Aguirre II , a former classmate, as his secretary of the Department of Justice . Aguirre had been
2550-497: Is why she was arrested. Duterte's administration claimed that the reason for De Lima's arrest was due to the alleged bribes she received from imprisoned drug lords in order to allow them to continue to operate behind bars, and not her opinion on Duterte. As of January 2020, the International Criminal Court confirmed that an investigation into Duterte's involvement with the death squads was ongoing, despite
2652-451: The 1988 local elections , he ran for mayor under the banner of Lakas ng Dabaw, defeating former OIC Mayor Zafiro Respicio by a margin of 6,000 votes. As mayor of Davao City, Duterte made efforts to unite the different tribes and political groups in the city. He set a precedent by designating deputy mayors to represent the administrative districts, as well as the Lumad and Moro peoples in
2754-689: The 2022 election ; in October 2021, he said he was retiring from politics. The next month, he filed his candidacy for senator but withdrew it on December 14. Duterte's political positions have been described as populist , as well as nationalist . His political success has been aided by his vocal support for the extrajudicial killing of drug users and other criminals. His career has sparked numerous protests and attracted controversy, particularly over human rights issues and his controversial comments. Duterte has repeatedly confirmed to have personally killed criminal suspects during his term as mayor of Davao. Extrajudicial killings that were allegedly committed by
2856-638: The Ateneo de Davao University (AdDU) High School due to misconduct. He graduated in 1968 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science at the Lyceum of the Philippines in Manila . Duterte obtained a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972, passing the bar exam in the same year. He worked as a professor in the national police academy, and was a member of an organization called Nationalist Alliance for Justice, Freedom and Democracy. He later served as
2958-838: The COVID-19 pandemic . Some major projects include the Subic-Clark Railway, the North–South Commuter Railway from New Clark City to Calamba, Laguna , the Metro Manila Subway , the expansion of Clark International Airport the Mindanao Railway (Tagum-Davao-Digos Segment), and the Luzon Spine Expressway Network By April 2022, 12 IFPs have been completed by the administration, while 88 IFPs, which were on their "advanced stage", have been passed on to
3060-579: The Davao Death Squad between 1998 and 2016 during Duterte's mayoralty have also been scrutinized by human-rights groups and the Office of the Ombudsman . The victims were mainly alleged drug users, alleged petty criminals, and street children . The International Criminal Court opened a preliminary investigation into Duterte's drug war in 2018, prompting Duterte to withdraw the Philippines from
3162-872: The Davao Region in 1950. Vicente worked as a lawyer engaged in private practice. Soledad worked as a teacher until 1952, when Vicente entered politics. Duterte went to Laboon Elementary School in Maasin for a year. He spent his remaining elementary days at Santa Ana Elementary School in Davao City , where he completed his primary education in 1956. He finished his secondary education in the High School Department of Holy Cross College of Digos (now Cor Jesu College ) in Digos , Davao province , after being expelled twice from previous schools, including one in
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3264-630: The Human Rights Watch regarding the extrajudicial killings and forced disappearances in the Philippines investigation. He served as the Episcopal Commission of Basic Ecclesial Communities' former executive secretary. On May 29, 2024, Fr. Edilberto Cepe, provincial superior, announced the passing of Picardal, 69, of “ cardiac arrest ” in Cebu City Busay Retreat House alongside Bruno, his dog, on
3366-478: The Lyceum of the Philippines University , graduating in 1968, before obtaining a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972. He then worked as a lawyer and was a prosecutor for Davao City , before becoming vice mayor and, subsequently, mayor of the city in the wake of the 1986 People Power Revolution . Duterte won seven terms and served as mayor of Davao for over 22 years, during which
3468-588: The Office of the Ombudsman on the investigation conducted by the Commission on Human Rights on the alleged death squad in Davao between 2005 and 2009, the Ombudsman found no evidence to support "the killings attributed or attributable to the Davao Death Squad, much less the involvement of Mayor Rodrigo Duterte" to such acts. (Ombudsman Conchita Carpio-Morales said she recused herself from these investigations because of affinity with Duterte. Morales
3570-635: The Philippine Commission on Human Rights (CHR) noted stonewalling by local police under the mayorship of Rodrigo Duterte while a leaked cable observed a lack of public outrage among Davao residents. According to Amnesty International and local human rights groups, death squads killed over 300 people in Davao City between 1998 and 2005. The rate of killing accelerated after this so that between 2005 and 2008 death squads were responsible for between 700 and 720 executions. According to
3672-503: The Philippines , created to honor and uphold the ideals of Philippine national hero José Rizal . The civic organisation of the "Order of the Knights of Rizal" was established in 1911 by Colonel Antonio C. Torres , who later served as the first Filipino chief of police of Manila . The Order was granted a legislative charter by President Elpidio Quirino as a non-sectarian, non-partisan, civic , patriotic, and cultural organization under Republic Act 646 on June 14, 1951. Although not
3774-551: The honor guards . Since then, the order has led commemorations of Rizal's birth anniversaries and plays a prominent role during Rizal Day ceremonies commemorating his death anniversary. In 1951, the order pushed for filing a bill in the Philippine Congress to grant the Order of the Knights of Rizal a legislative charter. Senators Enrique Magalona, Lorenzo Sumulong, Esteban Abada, Emiliano Tria Tirona, Camilo Osías, Geronima Pécson, José Avelino and Ramon Torres sponsored
3876-710: The 47th year of his sacerdotal ministry. His wake and funeral are set on June 6, at Our Mother of Perpetual Help Parish-OMPH Redemptorist Church, Cebu City . Former Davao City Mayor and former president of the Philippines Rodrigo Duterte has been heavily criticized by numerous organizations for condoning and even inciting executions to take place during his leadership. The Mayor of Davao City has done nothing to prevent these killings, and his public comments suggest that he is, in fact, supportive. Human Rights Watch reported that in 2001–2002, Duterte appeared on local television and radio and announced
3978-766: The Amended By-Laws. The present Supreme Commander of the Knights of Rizal is Sir Raymundo A. del Rosario, KGCR, also the Board Member representing the 7th District of Cavite in the Cavite Provincial Council; with Sir Allan L. Rellon, KGOR, also Vice Mayor of Tagum City as his Deputy Supreme Commander, Sir Mark Roy L. Boado, KGOR, Sir Joel V. Tuplano, KGOR, Sir Frisco S. San Juan, Jr, KGOR, Sir Meliton P. Garraton, KGCR, Sir Arnold Villafuerte, KGCR, Sir Jose Vicente B. Salazar, KGOR, and Sir Rafael Crescencio C. Tan, Jr., KGOR. They were elected during
4080-502: The April 2009 UN General Assembly of the Human Rights Council, the UN report (Eleventh Session Agenda item 3, par 21) said, "The Mayor of Davao City has done nothing to prevent these killings, and his public comments suggest that he is, in fact, supportive." Duterte emphasized that the concept of human rights for criminals is Western and should not apply to the Philippines; he further challenged human rights officials to file
4182-475: The Foreign Investment Act of 1991, effectively relaxing restrictions on foreign investments by allowing foreigners to invest in a local enterprise up to 100% of its capital. He signed Republic Act No. 11659, amending the 85-year-old Public Service Act, allowing full foreign ownership of public services, which include airports, expressways, railways, telecommunications, and shipping industries, in
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4284-571: The New People's Army's Sparrow Unit . Tan-Gatue allegedly used the late Juan "Jun" Pala, a known anti-New People's Army propagandist and radio commentator, to report stories about the death squad, which allegedly curbed executions perpetrated by the Sparrow Unit. By mid-1997, the DDS were deemed responsible for more than 60 unsolved murders in the city. It is believed that the original members of
4386-642: The OIC vice mayor of Davao City, assisting evacuees from Davao City remote areas and working for the release of soldiers captured by the New Peoples Army (NPA). Eventually, he became a special counsel at the City Prosecution Office in Davao City from 1977 to 1979, fourth assistant city prosecutor from 1979 to 1981, third assistant city prosecutor from 1981 to 1983, and second assistant city prosecutor from 1983 to 1986. Duterte has claimed he
4488-530: The Philippine Independence Day, the Knights of Rizal also focus on Filipino youth across the world such as the annual National Rizal Youth Leadership Institute Conference and the annual Search for Jose Rizal Model Students of the Philippines (JRMSP) held every December. Aside from the wearing of the Order's decorations during appropriate occasions, a specific prefix also applies. Knights of the Order prefix " Sir " to their forenames and add
4590-724: The Philippines having withdrawn from the ICC two years prior, because it continued to have jurisdiction over crimes committed when the country was still a member. Duterte had withdrawn the country just one month after the opening of the investigation. A film depicting vigilante killings in the Philippines Engkwentro ("Square Off"), premiered in July 2009 at the Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival , where it received strong reactions. The film
4692-451: The Republic of the Philippines. Davao Death Squad The Davao Death Squad ( DDS ) is a vigilante group in Davao City , Philippines . The group is alleged to have conducted summary executions of street children and individuals suspected of petty crimes and drug dealing. It has been estimated that the group is responsible for the killing or disappearance of between 1,020 and 1,040 people between 1998 and 2008. A 2009 report by
4794-606: The Senate hearing on extrajudicial killings on September 15, 2016, Edgar Matobato , a former member of the "Lambada Boys" (later renamed the DDS) testified that then-Davao City Mayor Duterte ordered the group to bomb a mosque and to kill the Muslim brethren therein in 1993, an event that another report on this so-called bombing placed as having been perpetrated by so-called "Christian militants" eight hours after Matobato's testified-to time of
4896-581: The Society of Jesus agreed to a tentative payout of US$ 16 million to settle claims that Falvey sexually abused at least nine children in Los Angeles from 1959 to 1975. Accusations against Falvey began in 2002 but he was never charged with a crime. In May 2008, the Diocese of Sacramento paid a $ 100,000-settlement to a person allegedly raped and molested by Mark's brother, Arthur Falvey. However, it
4998-714: The TRAIN law will help fund the administration's massive infrastructure program . In March 2021, to attract more investments and maintain fiscal stability, Duterte signed the Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act, reducing the 30 percent corporate income tax rate to 25 percent for firms with assets above ₱ 100 million and to 20 percent for smaller firms. Duterte raised sin taxes on tobacco and vapor products in July 2019, and alcohol beverages and electronic cigarettes in January 2020, to fund
5100-581: The Universal Health Care Act and reduce incidence of deaths and diseases associated with smoking and alcohol consumption. Duterte's tax reform program has garnered both support and criticism. Critics have argued that the administration's tax policy would burden the poor. The implementation of the TRAIN Law triggered protests from various left-wing groups. On January 15, 2018, protesters gathered at various public market sites, calling for
5202-548: The administration's socioeconomic policy , aimed to usher in the country's "Golden Age of Infrastructure" by increasing the share of spending on public infrastructure in the country's gross domestic product (GDP) from 5.4 percent in 2017 to 7.4 percent in 2022. The administration, in 2017, shifted its infrastructure funding policy from public-private partnerships (PPPs) of previous administrations to government revenues and official development assistance (ODA), particularly from Japan and China, but has since October 2019 engaged with
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#17327728306475304-524: The areas of jurisdiction of the officers' precincts. The officers ranged in seniority from police chief inspector to police senior superintendent. In 2017, hermit "biking" priest Amado "Picx" Picardal, CSsR , published “Davao Death Squad” 1998-2015 report, reportedly sent to the International Criminal Court . As the Coalition Against Summary Execution, spokesperson , he also assisted the Commission on Human Rights and
5406-576: The arrest of 22,000 drug suspects and surrender of about 731,000 people. Following the September 2 bombing in Davao City that killed 14 people in the city's central business district, on September 3 Duterte declared a "state of lawlessness", and on the following day issued Proclamation No. 55 to officially declare a " state of national emergency on account of lawless violence in Mindanao". On December 7, Duterte signed Executive Order No. 10 creating
5508-558: The bill in the Senate while Congressman Manuel Zola of Cebu was the principal sponsor in the House of Representatives. The bill was signed into law by Philippine President Elpidio Quirino on June 14, 1951, as Republic Act 646. The Bill constitutes an official recognition of the inestimable value to the nation and the world of Rizal's teachings and the wisdom necessity of inculcating in the minds and hearts of people so they may follow and practice them. As set forth by Philippine Republic Act 646,
5610-462: The body in response. He is the only president in the history of the Philippines not to declare his assets and liabilities . Duterte's popularity and domestic approval rating remained relatively high throughout his presidency and by the end of his term, he was the most popular post-People Power Revolution president. Rodrigo Roa Duterte was born on March 28, 1945, in Maasin , Southern Leyte. His father
5712-525: The city government; this was later copied by other cities in other parts of the Philippines. In December 1990, Duterte joined the Nacionalista Party upon the persuasion of Senator Juan Ponce Enrile . In 1992, he successfully defended his seat from 1st district representative Prospero Nograles . In 1995, after Flor Contemplacion , a Filipina, was executed in Singapore after confessing to
5814-582: The country, and has reached out to China and Russia to improve relations. He launched tirades against international critics, particularly, United States President Barack Obama , the US government, the United Nations , and the European Union , which expressed condemnation to his unprecedented war on drugs that led to the deaths of about 3,300 people, half of which were killed by unknown assailants, and
5916-501: The country. Duterte reformed the country's tax system in an effort to make the country's tax system fairer, simpler, and more efficient. In December 2017, he signed Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law (TRAIN Law) which excludes those earning an annual taxable income of ₱ 250,000 and below from paying the personal income tax, while raising higher excise taxes on vehicles, sugar-sweetened beverages, petroleum products, tobacco and other non-essential goods. Revenues collected from
6018-479: The death squad included former members of the Sparrow Unit. Initially the death squad had around 10 members but this had increased to around 500 by 2009. Members of the death squad were managed by police, according to Human Rights Watch. These officers provided the assailants with training, weapons and ammunition, motorcycles, and information on the targets. Lists of targets were drawn up by police or barangay (village or district) officials. Information might include
6120-413: The death squads. On one such occasion the National Commission on Human Rights created an inter-agency task force to look into the matter. However, no real action was forthcoming. Later, in 2008 the UN special rapporteur on extrajudicial executions, Philip Alston, pointed out that the fact that the killers made no effort to hide their identity and threatened parents with the murder of their children, suggested
6222-431: The endorsement of the influential Iglesia ni Cristo , known for its block-voting . Duterte was inaugurated as the sixteenth president of the Philippines on June 30, 2016, succeeding Benigno Aquino III . At age 71, Duterte became the oldest person elected to the presidency, the first local chief executive to get elected straight to the Office of the President, the second Cebuano president (after Sergio Osmeña ), and
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#17327728306476324-410: The extrajudicial killings done during his time as mayor. In September 2014, Duterte and former mayors and governors, calling themselves the Mindanao Council of Leaders, advocated for a federalist government. A month later, Duterte attended an event sponsored by the Federal Movement for a Better Philippines in Cebu City . In December 2014, Duterte held a summit entitled "Mindanaons Forging Unity Toward
6426-408: The first Visayan president from Mindanao . Shortly after his inauguration, Duterte held his first Cabinet meeting to lay out their first agenda, which included the country's disaster risk reduction management, decongesting Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila; he also expressed his ideas and concerns regarding the territorial disputes in the South China Sea prior to the announcement of
6528-890: The following months leading to October, however, Duterte repeatedly declined his supporters' clamors for him to run as president because of what he described as a "flawed government system", as well as lack of funds and opposition from his family members—notably, from his daughter Sara . Additionally, Duterte said he will retire from politics after his mayorship ends, but only if Sara runs as mayor. In an unforeseen development, PDP-Laban standard bearer Martin Diño withdrew his candidacy on October 29 and named Duterte as his substitute. A month later, Duterte formally announced his presidential bid and accepted Alan Peter Cayetano 's offer to be his running mate; Duterte also named Sara as his substitute for Mayor of Davao City. During his campaign, Duterte gained distinction for his emphatic anti-crime message and push to reduce " Imperial Manila 's" dominance. At
6630-410: The former mayor's lawyer against cases linking the latter to the death squads as well as the lawyer of a policeman who owned a quarry site turned into a firing range where remains of supposed victims of these alleged death squads were believed to have been buried. Aguirre helped argue against the CHR's investigation of the said quarry site, succeeding in having an earlier search warrant quashed. During
6732-477: The general administration and direction of the affairs of the Order is in the hands of a Supreme Council (Board of Directors) of nine members including the Supreme Commander, Deputy Supreme Commander, Supreme Chancellor, Supreme Pursuivant, Supreme Exchequer, Supreme Archivist, Supreme Auditor, Deputy Supreme Pursuivant and Deputy Supreme Exchequer. The Supreme Council Trustees serve the Supreme Council for two (2) years, with maximum of two (2) re-elections as stated in
6834-466: The government required what he describes as an "audacious" economic strategy in order for the Philippines to "catch up with its more vibrant neighbors" by 2022 and help it achieve high-income economy status within a generation. The term DuterteNomics was coined to describe the economic policy of the Duterte administration. Duterte initiated liberal economic reforms to attract foreign investors. In March 2022, he signed Republic Act No. 11647 which amended
6936-454: The incident, with no casualties reported. Because of other inconsistencies in Matobato's allegations, Senator Panfilo Lacson invoked the legal principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus (false in one, false in everything). On December 14, 2016, Senator Leila de Lima reminded the people that the president's admission to committing murder is grounds for impeachment under the country's current constitution. De Lima said this in response to
7038-401: The incident. He added that "the bullet hit the school's wooden floor and was embedded there." Amansec emphasized that Duterte and Goco remained friends until Goco died in the United States years later. After the 1986 People Power Revolution that toppled the regime of President Ferdinand Marcos , Duterte was appointed officer-in-charge vice mayor of Davao City by President Corazon Aquino . In
7140-900: The mayor, you are a legitimate target of assassination." Duterte then responded to a reported arrest and subsequent release of a notorious drug lord in Manila. Referring to the arrest of a suspected rice smuggler, Duterte also spoke out at a Senate hearing, saying: "If this guy would go to Davao and starts to unload (smuggled rice)… I will gladly kill him." For these comments Duterte was attacked in an editorial in The Manila Times , which condemned "the mentality of lawlessness and vigilantism." The newspaper argued that this culture of impunity enabled those in power, including officials, "private warlords and businessmen vigilantes" to take retribution against those they felt had acted against their interests: "They kill journalists exposing corruption and human rights activists exposing abusive police and military men." Following Duterte's comments in relation to killing
7242-423: The names of "criminals", some of whom were later executed. In July 2005 at a crime summit in the Manila Hotel the politician said, "Summary execution of criminals remains the most effective way to crush kidnapping and illegal drugs". In 2009, Duterte said: "If you are doing an illegal activity in my city, if you are a criminal or part of a syndicate that preys on the innocent people of the city, for as long as I am
7344-510: The once crime-ridden city became peaceful and investor-friendly. Duterte's 2016 presidential campaign led to his election victory . During his presidency , his domestic policy focused on combating the illegal drug trade by initiating the controversial war on drugs , fighting crime and corruption , and intensified efforts against terrorism and communist insurgency . He launched a massive infrastructure plan , initiated liberal economic reforms, streamlined government processes, and proposed
7446-400: The other hand, was proclaimed as the vice president-elect of the Philippines with 14,418,817 votes, narrowly defeating Senator Bongbong Marcos by 263,473 votes. Duterte's election victory was attributed to growing public dissatisfaction on the perceived failures of administrations that followed the 1986 EDSA Revolution . It was also aided by a strong social media and grassroots fanbase and
7548-479: The president publicly commenting that he had killed drug suspects when he was Mayor of Davao. De Lima was arrested in March 2017 due to allegations that she was accepting bribes from prisoners while she was Justice Secretary. Many international organizations and Filipino citizens voiced their concern regarding the arrest of Senator De Lima. Since she is an outspoken critic of Duterte and his war on drugs many believe that
7650-519: The private sector for additional funding. The administration revised its list of Infrastructure Flagship Projects (IFPs) under the Build, Build, Build program from 75 to 100 in November 2019, then to 104, and finally, to 112 in 2020, expanding its scope to include health, information and communications technology, and water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from
7752-856: The provincial governor of (the then-undivided) Davao province . Rodrigo's cousin Ronald was mayor of Cebu City from 1983 to 1986. Ronald's father, Ramon Duterte, also held that position from 1957 to 1959. The Dutertes consider the Cebu-based political families of the Durano and the Almendras clan as relatives. Duterte also has relatives from the Roa clan in Leyte through his mother's side. Duterte's family lived in Maasin, and in his father's hometown in Danao, until he
7854-461: The relevant post-nominal according to their rank at the end of their names while wives of Knights prefix "Lady" to their first names. These apply to both spoken and written forms of address. The Order's ranks and insignia are formally recognized by the Honors Code of the Philippines (Executive Order No. 236), making the KOR the 7th in precedence. All of its medals and awards are considered awards given by
7956-514: The revocation of TRAIN. However, proponents of the program cite its appeal to foreign investors and economic benefits as the main reasons behind tax reform. To reduce poverty, encourage economic growth, and reduce congestion in Metro Manila , the Duterte administration launched its comprehensive infrastructure program, Build, Build, Build , on April 18, 2017. The program, which forms part of
8058-472: The ruling political party in the Philippines during his presidency. Duterte is the first president of the Philippines to be from Mindanao , and is the oldest person to assume office, beginning his term at age 71. Born in Maasin , Leyte (now in Southern Leyte ), Duterte moved to Davao as a child where his father, Vicente Duterte , served as provincial governor. He studied political science at
8160-480: The same time, he made controversial remarks, including promising to kill tens of thousands of criminals and eradicate crime in six months. He also said his presidency would be "a bloody one", and that he would pardon himself, the police, and soldiers accused of human rights abuses at the end of his six-year term. Duterte also apologized after saying out of anger when recalling the events that he "should have been first" to rape Jacqueline Hamill, an Australian missionary who
8262-557: The second e-elections for the Supreme Council Trustees last 26 November 2023. Unlike other orders of the Philippines, the Knights of Rizal is an active order. Membership does not only convey privilege but requires continuous participation in the year-long projects of the Order. Aside from leading or taking an active part in official and diplomatic ceremonies commemorating important dates in José Rizal's life and
8364-445: The second largest city in the Philippines. In its 2009 report Human Rights Watch criticized authorities for failing to act against the death squads. It condemned the then president, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo for tolerating the lawlessness, saying that she had, "largely turned a blind eye to the killing spree in Davao City and elsewhere." In 2004 Arroyo had announced Rodrigo Duterte as her special advisor on crime, an appointment which
8466-488: The six presidents since the Marcos dictatorship. In December 2016, Duterte was ranked 70th on Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People . Duterte's socioeconomic policies, referred to as DuterteNomics , include tax reform, infrastructure development, social protection programs, and other policies to promote economic growth and human development in the country. Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez III has said that
8568-418: The standard tactics of the killers was to arrive in small groups of two or three on unlicensed motorbikes. Victims would be stabbed or shot without warning during daytime in public areas such as bars, cafes, markets, shopping areas, jeepneys or tricycles and in the presence of numerous witnesses. Assailants were generally paid between PHP5,000 and PHP50,000 (US$ 114 – US$ 1,147) for an assassination, depending on
8670-420: The succeeding administration for completion. From June 2016 to July 2021, a total of 29,264 kilometres (18,184 mi) of roads, 5,950 bridges, 11,340 flood control projects, 222 evacuation centers, and 150,149 elementary and secondary classrooms, and 653 COVID-19 facilities under the Build, Build, Build program had been completed. Knights of Rizal The Knights of Rizal is an Order of Chivalry from
8772-499: The summary killing in Davao City is an indication of gross neglect of duty and inefficiency and incompetence in the performance of official functions." When the four officers were suspended, the mayor of Davao, Duterte, directed the four officials to file a petition for certiorari , on the basis that the penalty would demoralize the police, reportedly claiming, "I have pledged to help [the police] especially when they are prosecuted for simply performing their duties," The suspension order
8874-576: The target. There appears to have been a certain degree of public approval among citizens of Davao City for the actions of the death squad, primarily fueled by public discontent at "the arduous and ineffective judicial system" that created an environment where extrajudicial executions seemed to be a "practical resort" to suppress crime in the city. There were subsequent reports of death squads operating in other cities, including General Santos , Digos , and Tagum City in Mindanao as well as in Cebu City ,
8976-474: The third Friday of August a special holiday in Davao City. He expressed disinterest with his new post, describing it as less engaging compared to his time as mayor. He attempted to resign in 1999 after his son Paolo was accused of mauling a hotel guard, but both House Speaker Manny Villar and President Joseph Estrada declined his resignation. In 2001, he ran again for mayor of Davao against his former ally, Mayor Benjamin de Guzman. He won against de Guzman and
9078-670: The verdict of the Philippines' arbitration case against China over the issue, which the Philippines later won. On July 4, he issued his first executive order , allowing his Cabinet Secretary to supervise over several agencies that focus on poverty reduction . He called for the reimposition of capital punishment in the country to execute criminals involved in "heinous" crimes, such as illegal drug trade , insisting on hanging . During his first 100 days in office, Duterte issued an executive order on freedom of information , launched an intensified campaign against illegal drugs , sought to resume peace talks with communist insurgents , formulated
9180-409: The world according to crowdsourced survey site Numbeo , a narrative that gained currency in the national media, creating a widespread public perception that has been a significant factor in establishing support for his nationwide drug policy . The city was also awarded "Most Child-Friendly City for Highly-Urbanized Category" in 1998, 1999, 2013 and 2014. Under Duterte's watch, the city council imposed
9282-483: Was Vicente Gonzales Duterte (1911–1968), a Cebuano lawyer, and his mother, Soledad Gonzales Roa (1916–2012), was a schoolteacher from Cabadbaran , Agusan and a civic leader of Maranao descent. Duterte has said that his grandfather was Chinese and hailed from Xiamen in Fujian , China. Duterte has four siblings: Eleanor, Jocelyn, Emmanuel and Benjamin. Duterte's father was mayor of Danao, Cebu , and subsequently
9384-494: Was gang-raped and killed during the 1989 Davao hostage crisis . After the United States' and Australia's ambassadors to the Philippines criticized him for the rape comments, Duterte threatened to sever diplomatic ties with the countries if elected. Duterte campaigned for decentralization and a shift to a federal government during the 2016 presidential election. In an October 2014 forum organized by Federal Movement for
9486-524: Was sexually abused by a priest when he was a minor. After he was challenged by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and AdDU officials to name the priest and file a case against him, Duterte then revealed the priest's name as Mark Falvey (d. 1975). The Jesuits of the Society of Jesus in the Philippines confirmed that according to press reports in the United States, in May 2007,
9588-410: Was also given to Bohol and Cebu for earthquake victims . Duterte also passed Davao City's Women Development Code, which aims "to uphold the rights of women and the belief in their worth and dignity as human beings". Duterte banned swimsuit competitions in beauty pageants in Davao City. He gained prominence for supporting the first-ever Gawad Kalinga Village inside a jail facility in Davao City. It
9690-654: Was contacted by a restaurant owner in Davao City after a local tourist refused to comply with the city's public anti-smoking ordinance. The then-mayor went to the restaurant and had the tourist choose to be shot at his crotch, have himself imprisoned, or swallow his cigarette butt; the tourist chose the latter and apologized to Duterte. Duterte was then met with criticisms especially from the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) . Duterte has been linked by human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch to extrajudicial killings of over 1,400 alleged criminals and street children by vigilante death squads . In
9792-421: Was elected for a fourth term. He was re-elected in 2004, defeating de Guzman for the second time, and in 2007 with virtually no opposition. In 2010, he was elected vice mayor, succeeding his daughter Sara , who was elected as mayor. In 2013, Davao City sent rescue and medical teams to Tacloban to give aid to the victims of Typhoon Haiyan (locally known in the country as Typhoon Yolanda). Financial assistance
9894-594: Was first organized out of a group of nine men by Manila Police Chief Colonel Antonio Torres on Rizal Day , December 30, 1911, commemorate martyrdom of Philippine national hero, José Rizal. Exactly a year later, a state funeral was held to transfer Rizal's remains from his family's house in Binondo, Manila for a wake in the Ayuntamiento and finally a burial in Luneta where the Order of the Knights of Rizal acted as
9996-533: Was four years old. Duterte was heavily influenced by his mother, who unlike Vicente was a staunch anti-Marcos activist, which led the young Duterte to have a divided opinion on the Marcoses. Duterte later said Marcos could have been the best president, but unfortunately he was a dictator. The Dutertes initially moved to Mindanao in 1948 but still went back and forth to the Visayas until 1949. They finally settled in
10098-771: Was later selected for the 66th Venice International Film Festival where it won the Best Picture award in the Orizzonti (New Horizons) program. At the same festival director Pepe Diokno won the Luigi de Laurentiis Venice Award for a Debut Film, also known as the "Lion of the Future" prize. The initialism DDS has been adopted by hardline civilian supporters of Duterte in order to stand for ' Diehard Duterte Supporters '. According to political science Professor and Manila Times columnist Antonio Contreras of De La Salle University ,
10200-536: Was not clearly indicated in the report if Mark Falvey was assigned at the Jesuit-run Ateneo de Davao. When asked why he did not complain when the abuse supposedly happened, Duterte claimed that he was too young to complain about the priest's abuse and was intimidated by authorities at that time. He also stated that he never disclosed that information after he was expelled and moved to a different high school and especially not to his family. Duterte stated at
10302-552: Was subsequently reversed by the Court of Appeals after the police officers filed a petition. In 2012 the Office of the Ombudsman charged 21 police officers with a charge of simple neglect of duty over the vigilante killings. The charge provided for penalties of 1-month suspension or a fine of 1 month's salary. Investigators from the Ombudsman's office found that there was an "unusually high number of unsolved killings" from 2005 to 2008 in
10404-672: Was viewed as signifying her approval of extrajudicial killings . Human Rights Watch also highlighted the inaction of the Philippine National Police and national institutions such as the Department of Justice, the Ombudsman's Office, and the Commission on Human Rights. This official tolerance of vigilantism had created, they said, an environment of "widespread impunity". From 2009 Philippines government institutions periodically stated their intention to investigate
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