42-475: Ravenscraig is a town and historic village, located in North Lanarkshire , Scotland , two miles (three kilometres) east of Motherwell . Ravenscraig was formerly the site of Ravenscraig steelworks ; once the largest hot strip steel mill in western Europe, the steelworks closed in 1992, and is now almost totally demolished. After over two decades of lying derelict , the empty land was redeveloped in
84-465: A paraphyletic assemblage. However, it indicated that the plains wanderer actually belonged into one of them. Following recent studies (Ericson et al., 2003; Paton et al., 2003; Thomas et al., 2004a, b; van Tuinen et al., 2004; Paton & Baker, 2006), the waders may be more accurately subdivided as follows, with Charadrii being repurposed into a monophyletic suborder of plovers, oystercatchers, and their close relatives. The waders are traditionally
126-576: A greatly enlarged order Ciconiiformes . However, the classification of the Charadriiformes is one of the weakest points of the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, as DNA–DNA hybridization has turned out to be incapable of properly resolving the interrelationships of the group. Formerly, the waders were united in a single suborder Charadrii , but this has turned out to be a " wastebasket taxon ", uniting no fewer than four charadriiform lineages in
168-482: A green field into a site for steelworks. By 1957 several coke ovens , a by-products plant, a blast furnace and an open hearth melting shop with three steelmaking furnaces were built, and by 1959 a stripmill was complete. The closure of Ravenscraig in 1992 signalled the end of large-scale steel making in Scotland, and was the cause of a loss of 770 jobs, with another 10,000 job losses directly and indirectly linked to
210-534: A group of two Charadriiform suborders which include 13 families . Species in the third Charadriiform suborder, Lari , are not universally considered as waders, though the Larine families which may variously be included are listed below as well. Shorebirds is a blanket term used to refer to multiple bird species that live in wet, coastal environments. Because most these species spend much of their time near bodies of water, many have long legs suitable for wading (hence
252-605: A merger of the districts of Cumbernauld and Kilsyth , Monklands , Motherwell and the Chryston area from Strathkelvin district (the rest of which went to East Dunbartonshire ). For lieutenancy purposes, North Lanarkshire straddles the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire lieutenancies, with the area generally north of Luggie Water (including Cumbernauld and Kilsyth) coming under the Dunbartonshire lieutenancy and
294-403: A result, an increase in dimorphism. Bigger males tend to have greater access (and appeal) to female mates because their larger size aids them in defeating other competitors. Likewise, if the species exhibits gender role reversal (where males take on roles traditionally done by females such as childcare and feeding), then males will select female mates based on traits that are the most appealing. In
336-443: A single female partner, males typically do not have distinctive dimorphic characteristics such as colored feathers, but they still tend to be larger in size compared to females. The suborder Charadrii displays the widest range of sexual dimorphisms seen in the order Charadriiformes. However, cases of sexual monomorphism, where there are no distinguishing physical features besides external genitalia, are also seen in this order. One of
378-410: Is one of the possible purchasers of the site for a new stadium, leaving behind their home of 113 years, Fir Park . In 2008, Mark McGhee , then-manager of the club, had said that he and the directors held tentative discussions with North Lanarkshire Council about building the new stadium on the site. Despite indications that the move may be in process of becoming a reality, a move to Ravenscraig in
420-566: Is only some ten minutes drive from both the M74 and the M8 motorways, which lead to Glasgow and Edinburgh – Scotland's two largest cities – respectively. A rail line travels directly through the site and another travels around the opposite end of the site. Ravenscraig Steel Works, as well as the former settlement of the same title, took its name from the nearby secluded cliff face called Ravenscraig. This translates as Raven's Cliff or Cliff of
462-584: Is the least sandpiper , small adults of which can weigh as little as 15.5 grams (0.55 oz) and measure just over 13 centimetres (5 inches). The largest species is believed to be the Far Eastern curlew , at about 63 cm (25 in) and 860 grams (1 pound 14 ounces), although the beach thick-knee is the heaviest at about 1 kg (2 lb 3 oz). In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy , waders and many other groups are subsumed into
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#1732772533475504-466: The Jacana species, females compete with each other for access to male mates, so females are larger in size. Males choose female mates based on who presents herself as the strongest and who 'owns' the most territory. Another factor that leads to the development of dimorphisms in species is natural selection . Natural selection focuses on traits and the environment's response to the traits in question; if
546-936: The Kilsyth Hills . The highest population density of North Lanarkshire is in the urbanised south-west, which is part of the Greater Glasgow metropolitan area. Northern and eastern areas are more rural in character, with agricultural activity such as dairy and meat farming. The largest towns in North Lanarkshire are Cumbernauld , which in 2022 had a population of approximately 58,000, followed by Coatbridge (43,970), Airdrie (37,130) and Motherwell (32,120). Largest settlements by population: 50,530 43,950 36,390 32,840 30,050 19,700 15,830 10,380 8,630 7,700 7,140 6,830 6,720 6,070 5,430 5,100 3,870 3,210 3,150 3,100 Wader Waders or shorebirds are birds of
588-612: The historic counties of Dunbartonshire , Lanarkshire , and Stirlingshire . The council is based in Motherwell . The area was formed in 1996, covering the districts of Cumbernauld and Kilsyth , Motherwell , and Monklands , plus the Chryston and Auchinloch areas from Strathkelvin district, all of which had been in the Strathclyde region between 1975 and 1996. As a new single-tier authority, North Lanarkshire became responsible for all functions previously performed by both
630-473: The 19th century, as well as the building of the Glasgow to Edinburgh railway, transformed the region. The towns of Motherwell, Coatbridge and Wishaw became centres of the iron and steel industry. These industries began to decline in the second half of the 20th century, while a growth occurred in the financial and technology sectors, as well as a growth in logistics services related to the heavy goods traffic in
672-406: The 2010s, with new houses and services being built on a large scale. The main contributors to this project were Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Tata Steel Europe . Located in North Lanarkshire , Ravenscraig lies between the towns of Wishaw and Motherwell and the villages of Carfin and Newarthill , an area with a combined population of over 120,000. Ravenscraig
714-485: The Arctic species, such as the little stint , are amongst the longest distance migrants, spending the non- breeding season in the southern hemisphere . Many of the smaller species found in coastal habitats, particularly but not exclusively the calidrids , are often named as "sandpipers", but this term does not have a strict meaning, since the upland sandpiper is a grassland species. The smallest member of this group
756-753: The Ravens. It is situated in the valley of the North Calder Water , north of the steelworks site. This is first shown on the 1st Edition Ordnance Survey Map of 1859. A major expansion of Colvilles , the largest steel manufacturer in the United Kingdom before World War II , was approved in July 1954 by the Iron and Steel Board. In 1954 the first stages of development began in Ravenscraig, turning
798-505: The United Kingdom. This was the latest in a series of reforms, notably including the creation of Lanarkshire County Council in 1890 under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 , and the abolition of the county councils and creation of Strathclyde Regional Council and lower-tier district councils in 1975 under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 . The 1996 reform abolished Strathclyde, and established North Lanarkshire as
840-596: The area north of the Kelvin being in Stirlingshire. Prior to the 1975 reforms there were five burghs in the area now covered by North Lanarkshire: The population of the area which would become North Lanarkshire grew quickly during the Industrial Revolution . In the 18th century the area's towns, including Motherwell, were active in textile production. The discovery of coal and iron ore deposits in
882-556: The area, however the project is not fully completed. On March 22, 2022, a park and playground named The Craig was opened by Anne, Princess Royal . After many years of planning, Ravenscraig was to be 'regenerated' and rebuilt by three equal shareholders: Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Tata Steel . The project was one of the largest regenerations in Europe, with 400 acres (160 hectares) being developed. Ravenscraig would be home to several new facilities: Part of
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#1732772533475924-525: The area, so trains could easily travel to major Scottish railway stations such as Glasgow Central from Ravenscraig. This has not happened. In future, the Greenlink Cycle Path may be extended to connect Ravenscraig with a direct route to Strathclyde Country Park . The 92 bus service is due to be introduced in 2023 by Stuarts Coaches and will link Ravenscraig with Motherwell. The local professional football team, Motherwell Football Club
966-415: The area. The new town of Cumbernauld expanded rapidly after World War II , and is now the largest town in North Lanarkshire. The growth of the Greater Glasgow metropolitan area into the south-western part of North Lanarkshire has also led to a large number of residential areas for commuters. The North Lanarkshire council area was established in 1996 as part of a reorganisation of local government in
1008-489: The biggest factors that leads to the development of sexual dimorphism in shorebirds is sexual selection . Males with ideal characteristics favored by females are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genetic information to their offspring better than the males who lack such characteristics. Mentioned earlier, male shorebirds are typically larger in size compared to their female counterparts. Competition between males tends to lead to sexual selection toward larger males and as
1050-405: The closure. Prior to regeneration, Ravenscraig was one of the largest derelict sites in Europe measuring over 1,125 acres (455 hectares) in size. Over the course of several years, separate new build estates were constructed across the old sites, connected by a central road network that runs through to Carfin . The massive sports facility was one of the first buildings to be constructed and one of
1092-460: The development was to create new habitats for the wildlife already living in the area, such as deer , foxes, hares , otters , badgers , watervoles , butterflies and birds such as the wader , song thrush and the little ringed plover , with an Ecological Clerk of Works appointed to 'ensure compliance with Ravenscraig Ltd.’s aims and objectives by all developers and contractors.' The new £ 29 million sports complex (completed October 2010)
1134-498: The first building of a new BRE Innovation Park was opened, with the visitor centre building officially completed. A total of ten energy-efficient buildings were expected to be built in the park. On 14 November 2012, plans were also un-veiled to build a new Marston's pub-restaurant directly to the north-east of the Sports Facility. Despite favourable first impressions, the proposal did not receive planning permission at
1176-508: The largest of its kind in Scotland, catering to a number of different sports. Plans are also underway to stop the decontamination of the South Calder Water in the area, which suffered from the industrial activity and toxic chemicals. There are also plantations designed to encourage diversity in the site wildlife, including reforestation of local woodland. As of 2021, there exists thousands of newly built homes and several pubs in
1218-477: The name 'Waders'). Some species prefer locations with rocks or mud. Many shorebirds display migratory patterns and often migrate before breeding season. These behaviors explain the long wing lengths observed in species, and can also account for the efficient metabolisms that give the birds energy during long migrations . The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of mud or exposed soil. Different lengths of bills enable different species to feed in
1260-492: The new Motherwell College , was the first to be completed. The building aimed to attract in excess of 20,000 students. The new regional sports facility was also completed and opened on 4 October 2010. The final part of Phase One, which is construction of houses to the north of the new town, was next to begin. The housing development of Phoenix Park will eventually hold 850 new homes, some of which had been completed by 2012. Also, another important step towards full completion of
1302-739: The order Charadriiformes commonly found wading along shorelines and mudflats in order to forage for food crawling or burrowing in the mud and sand, usually small arthropods such as aquatic insects or crustaceans . The term "wader" is used in Europe, while "shorebird" is used in North America, where "wader" may be used instead to refer to long-legged wading birds such as storks and herons . There are about 210 species of wader, most of which live in wetland or coastal environments. Many species of Arctic and temperate regions are strongly migratory , but tropical birds are often resident, or move only in response to rainfall patterns. Some of
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1344-613: The original county town at Lanark , now in South Lanarkshire , which had been the site of the first Parliament of Scotland under Kenneth II in 978. The northern parts of what is now North Lanarkshire were in the counties of Dunbartonshire and Stirlingshire prior to 1975, with Cumbernauld and the area generally north of Luggie Water and south of the River Kelvin being in Dunbartonshire, and Kilsyth and
1386-605: The project has been met, with funding being approved for the second phase. Phase two of the construction, which includes shopping facilities, was planned to start around mid-2012. A new dual carriageway that would link the new town with the M8 and M74 motorways has been given approval, with an extra £10 million to bring the project forward agreed in June 2012. The new carriageway would also travel through neighbouring North Lanarkshire settlements, Motherwell and Carfin . In September 2012,
1428-456: The regeneration, the transport links to Ravenscraig will be greatly improved. There will be a new transport interchange within walking distance of the new town centre offering bus services to Glasgow and Lanark . There will be easy access to public transport throughout the site including dedicated business routes. There will also be a new railway station built that will link to the broader public transport network. The Argyle Line travels through
1470-461: The regional council and the district councils, which were abolished. The largest part of North Lanarkshire, being the approximately two-thirds of the council area lying generally south of the Luggie Water , was in the historic county of Lanarkshire . Lanarkshire had existed as a shire from around the time of King David I , who ruled Scotland from 1124 to 1153. The county took its name from
1512-795: The remainder coming under the Lanarkshire lieutenancy . North Lanarkshire lies in the Central Valley of Scotland, to the east of Glasgow . It lies on the Scotland's north–south watershed with the River Clyde flowing through the west of the county on its way to the Irish Sea , and the River Almond in the east emptying into the Firth of Forth near Edinburgh. The northern areas consist of forests as well as higher areas such as
1554-435: The said trait increases the overall fitness of the individual possessing it, then it will be 'selected' and eventually become a permanent part of the population's gene pool. For example, depending on the food available in a shorebird specie's respective niche , bigger bill sizes may be favored in all individuals. This would essentially lead to monomorphism within the species but is subject to change once sexual selection acts on
1596-818: The same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. Many waders have sensitive nerve endings at the end of their bills which enable them to detect prey items hidden in mud or soft soil. Some larger species, particularly those adapted to drier habitats will take larger prey including insects and small reptiles . Shorebirds, like many other animals, exhibit phenotypic differences between males and females, also known as sexual dimorphism . In shorebirds, various sexual dimorphisms are seen, including, but not limited to, size (e.g. body size, bill size), color, and agility. In polygynous species, where one male individual mates with multiple female partners over his lifetime, dimorphisms tend to be more diverse. In monogamous species, where male individuals mate with
1638-639: The short-term would be impossible. [REDACTED] Media related to Ravenscraig, North Lanarkshire at Wikimedia Commons North Lanarkshire North Lanarkshire ( Scots : North Lanrikshire ; Scottish Gaelic : Siorrachd Lannraig a Tuath ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland . It borders the north-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains many of Glasgow's suburbs, commuter towns , and villages. It also borders East Dunbartonshire , Falkirk , Stirling , South Lanarkshire , and West Lothian . The council area covers parts of
1680-457: The time. Progress slowed on the development due to adverse economic factors, and a revised masterplan was submitted in 2018, being approved the following year. The planning report, which differed from the earlier master vision with the amount of retail space reduced by around 60% and no short term prospect for a new railway station, anticipated that progress would be slow but steady across the site, not being completed until around 2045. As part of
1722-570: The town centre will destroy jobs and nearby businesses and town centres (e.g. Motherwell and Wishaw) will suffer. Nearby shopping centres such as Motherwell Shopping Centre , the Regent Shopping Centre in Hamilton and East Kilbride Shopping Centre have complained that new shopping facilities may take away their regular customers, a statement that North Lanarkshire Council leader Jim McCabe disputes. The first major development,
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1764-457: Was used as training camps for the 2012 London Olympics in London and the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. The complex was also the host facility for the 2011 International Children's Games . The plans for the regeneration generated a certain amount of controversy; local residents and businesses were worried about the proposed shopping facilities. It is feared that new shopping facilities in
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