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28-539: Warendorf ( German pronunciation: [ˈvaːʁənˌdɔʁf] , Westphalian : Warnduorp ) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany , and capital of Warendorf District . The town is best known today for its well-preserved medieval town centre, for horse-riding , and the opportunities it provides for cycling . Bicycles are such a common means of transport in the area that many cycle paths have been built, even alongside main roads outside

56-671: A border dispute between Germany and the Netherlands (settled in 2014), runs through the Ems estuary . The source of the river is in the southern Teutoburg Forest in North Rhine-Westphalia. In Lower Saxony, the brook becomes a comparatively large river. Here the swampy region of Emsland is named after the river. In Meppen the Ems is joined by its largest tributary, the Hase River. It then flows northwards, close to

84-410: A civil and municipal community, was made. The wealth of Warendorf grew increasingly and developed more and more into an important trading town, since it is situated favourably between Münster and Oelde . Apart from that Warendorf profited from the production and selling of linen . The wealthy citizens settled on the market square and in the streets, Emsstrasse and Oststrasse. Still today these areas of

112-600: A flea market and livestock market still today. In 1741 another great fire broke out, which resulted in the destruction of the “new church” (Marienkirche) and 332 houses. Because many tradesmen had to move further, and so Warendorf suffered economic loss. In 1802 Warendorf came under the Prussian sovereignty. The once blossoming town impoverished. In 1826 the establishment of the Westphalian state stud farm in Warendorf

140-685: A form of German based on the written standard. Westphalian was spoken in Kruppwerke up to the 19th century. Nevertheless, the Westphalian regiolect of Standard High German includes some words that originate from the dying Westphalian dialects, which are otherwise unintelligible for other German speakers from outside Westphalia. Examples include Pölter [ˈpœltɐ] "pyjamas/pajamas", Plörre [ˈplœʁə] "dirty liquid", and Mötke [ˈmœtkə] "mud, dirt". Westphalian authors include: Münsterländisch: East Westphalian: South Westphalian: Ems (river) The Ems ( German : Ems ; Dutch : Eems )

168-429: A park. The closest large city is Münster , which is located 30 kilometres (19 miles) west of Warendorf. Other large cities in the area are Osnabrück , approx. 40 kilometres (25 miles) to the north, Bielefeld , approx. 45 kilometres (28 miles) to the east, and Hamm , approx. 35 kilometres (22 miles) to the south. Warendorf consists of 6 component localities: Warendorf has hosted several international events, such as

196-431: A road leading nowhere for them, nor were they ever able to bridge the swamps satisfactorily with causeways. The Dollart Bay near Emden did not exist until 1277, when a catastrophic storm surge flooded 43 parishes and killed an estimated 80,000 people. Most of the land lost in that flood has been reclaimed in a series of initiatives from the 16th to the early 20th centuries. The river in 1277 curved north by Emden, covering

224-584: Is a river in northwestern Germany . It runs through the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony , and discharges into the Dollart Bay which is part of the Wadden Sea . Its total length is 362.4 kilometres (225.2 mi). The state border between the Lower Saxon area of East Friesland (Germany) and the province of Groningen (Netherlands), whose exact course was the subject of

252-486: Is closer to the Hanover region , whose speech variety is generally considered to be standard modern German. The Low Saxon dialects in the bordering Twente and Achterhoek regions in the east of the Netherlands are traditionally classified as Westphalian dialects, albeit with some notable traits from Standard Dutch. A 2005 study showed 62% of the population of Twente spoke the language daily, and efforts are made to insert

280-561: The Dutch border, into East Frisia . Near Emden , it flows into the Dollard bay (a national park ) and then continues as a tidal river towards the Dutch city of Delfzijl . Between Emden and Delfzijl, the Ems forms the border between the Netherlands and Germany and was subject to a mild dispute: the Dutch believed that the border runs through the geographical centre of the estuary, whereas

308-734: The Weser , and was the only river leading to the Teutoburg Forest . The Amisius flowed from the Teutoburg Forest, home of the Cherusci , with the Bructeri and others bordering the river. These tribes were among the initial Franks . The Romans were quite interested in adding them to the empire, and to that end built a fort, Amisia, at the mouth of the Ems. As the river was navigable to their ships, they hoped to use it to access

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336-459: The German armed forces physical education center, is also located in Warendorf. Warendorf is twinned with: Westphalian language The Westphalian dialect region includes the north-eastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia , i.e. the former Prussian province of Westphalia, without Siegerland and Wittgenstein, but including the southern part of former government district Weser-Ems (e.g.

364-607: The Germans claimed it runs through the deepest channel (which is close to the Dutch coast ). As the parties are now friendly states with an open border, the argument went no further than an agreement to disagree. The issue was settled amicably in October 2014. It became an active issue in late July 1914, when the Imperial German government began plans to mine the whole of the estuary that they claimed, in preparation for

392-741: The Netherlands: Westphalian has many lexical similarities and other proximities to Eastphalian , extending to the East and slightly to the North of the area where Westphalian is spoken. The personal pronouns in Störmede are as follows: German Westphalian is currently spoken mostly by elderly people. The majority of the inhabitants of Westphalia proper speak (regionally coloured) standard German . This accent, however, does not stand out as much as for example Bavarian , because Westphalia

420-655: The language into the local school curriculum. One of the reasons for the diminishing use of Westphalian in Germany is the rigorous enforcement of German-only policies in traditionally Low German -speaking areas during the 18th century. Westphalian, and Low German in general, unlike many of the High German dialects, were too distant from standard German to be considered dialects and were therefore not tolerated and efforts were made to ban them. In an extreme case, Hannover and its hinterland were forced to adopt rather unnaturally

448-529: The launching of the Great War. The Dutch envoy in Berlin, Wilem Alexander Frederik Baron Gevers, tactfully announced the boundary was uncertain, and that the dispute was "opgeschort", which could mean either "suspended" or "resolved", depending on the context. The Dutch government endorsed the ambiguous declaration, thus relieving itself of an obligation to declare war on Germany for violating its neutrality. After

476-488: The local council were first held in 1556 under Bishop Franz von Waldeck 's successor. The Anabaptist movement continued up into the 17th century in the background without any serious danger for the town or church. Between 1627 and 1632 loss of the town rights occurred during religious battles of the Thirty Years' War . The first mention of the “Fettmarkt” dates back to 1657. This event remained an important funfair with

504-555: The region around Osnabrück and the landscape of Emsland in modern Lower Saxony). Traditionally, all Dutch Low Saxon dialects are considered Westphalian, with the notable exception of Gronings , which is grouped with the Northern Low Saxon and Friso-Saxon dialects. The rising diphthongisation is still noticeable in the dialects of Rijssen , Enter and Vriezenveen . Among the Westphalian language there are different subgroups of dialects: Westphalian dialects in

532-608: The town are most prominent in the townscape of Warendorf. In contrast, the poorer part of population lived in simple houses with dirt floors. These bad living conditions lead to the epidemics and illnesses. In 1404 there was a great fire in Warendorf, during which along with 600 houses also the “old church” (St. Laurentius) and the town hall with all its inventory were destroyed. In 1533 the Anabaptist movement spread in Warendorf and also in Münster. This movement took over rule in

560-520: The town for one week in October 1534, until it was ended by a short occupation by Bishop Franz von Waldeck . Four Anabaptist apostles and the Warendorf Anabaptist movement leaders were sentenced to death and were executed by a sword on the market square. As a deterrent the bodies of the “apostles” were laid on the four gates into the town. As a result of this, Warendorf lost its town rights and regained them again in 1542. Free elections of

588-691: The town of Freckenhorst into the town of Warendorf. Also during this reformation, the larger district of Warendorf (district) was formed by combining the districts of Warendorf and Beckum. Warendorf became seat of the district government. Warendorf is situated on the Ems river in the eastern part of the Münsterland area. This area of the Westphalian Lowland is characterized by agriculture. Because of its varying landscape of fields, pastures, small forests and hedgerows, people compare this area to

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616-409: The town. The origin and name Warendorf date back to the ancient Saxon royal court of Warintharpa (“the village on the embankment”), which was most likely already formed in 700 BC. Between the years of 1197 and 1201 Warendorf became a town. During this time, among the already established parish, which belonged to the “old church” (St. Laurentius), a new, second parish with the “new church” (Marienkirche)

644-535: The tribes at its upper end. Surrounding the river for most of its length, however, were swamps, bogs and marshes. The Romans found they had no place to stand, could not pick the most favourable ground, because there was none, and could not in general follow the strategies and tactics developed by the Roman army . They were stopped at the Battle of Teutoburg Forest , 9 AD, and were checked again 6 years later. The Ems became

672-552: The war, the dispute was resumed. Past Delfzijl, the Ems discharges into the Wadden Sea, part of the North Sea . The two straits that separate the German island of Borkum from its neighbours Rottumeroog (Netherlands) and Memmert (Germany) continue the name "Ems", as they are called Westere(e)ms and Osterems (West and East Ems). The Ems is accompanied and crossed by different long-distance bicycle routes: The Ems

700-678: The world skydiving championships, riding events, and the national swimming championships. A notable annual event in Warendorf is the celebration on 15 August of the Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary ( Mariä Himmelfahrt ). North Rhine-Westphalia's " Landgestüt " ( stud farm ) and the National Olympic Committee for horse-riding are both located in Warendorf. The Bundeswehr Sports School,

728-458: Was formed just west of the town centre. The medieval records of the founding of Warendorf are missing, along with several records and documents in Münster. These were all destroyed during the rule under the Anabaptists . Bishop Hermann II von Katzenelnbogen (Bishop 1173–1202) also contributed to the founding of the town. In 1224 the first recorded mention of Warendorf as a civitas , which is

756-740: Was known to several ancient authors: Pliny the Elder in Natural History (4.14), Tacitus in the Annals (Book 1), Pomponius Mela (3.3), Strabo and Ptolemy , Geography (2.10). Ptolemy's name for it was the Amisios potamos, and in Latin Amisius fluvius. The others used the same, or Amisia, or Amasia or Amasios. The identification is certain, as it always is listed between the Rhine and

784-401: Was succeeded by the Prussian stud administration. In 1887 the railroad line Münster – Warendorf – Rheda-Wiedenbrück was opened. In 1937 barracks were built just north of Warendorf. Today, the sport school of the German army is also located in these barracks. On 1 January 1975, a reformation of the municipalities was carried out. This reformation integrated the communities of Einen and Milte, and

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