21-812: Thomas Hare may refer to: Thomas Hare (political scientist) (1806–1891), proponent of electoral reform Thomas Hare (MP) (1686–1760), Member of Parliament for Truro Tom Hare (born 1952), professor and Japanologist Tom Hare (veterinary pathologist) (1895–1959), British veterinary pathologist Thomas Truxtun Hare (1878–1956), American track and field athlete Richard Hare (bishop) (Thomas Richard Hare, 1922–2010), bishop of Pontefract Sir Thomas Hare, 2nd Baronet (1658–1693), Member of Parliament for Norfolk, 1685–1689 Sir Thomas Leigh Hare, 1st Baronet (1859–1941), British Member of Parliament for South West Norfolk, 1892–1906 Sir Thomas Hare, 5th Baronet (1930–1993), cricketer [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
42-399: A font and stained glass window to St Paul's Church, Hook, London . Hare was twice married. There was one child, Mary Eleanor (1874–1883), of the second marriage. Hare was survived by seven children, and his will divided his estate equally between them, in a trust: they were three sons (Sherlock, Alfred, Lancelot) and four daughters (Marian, Alice, Katharine, Lydia Mary). The family home
63-835: A general formulation. Hare was also known in the field of law reporting . At a period without official case reports, the published reports of key court decisions allowed them to be used as precedents. From 1841 he reported on the Court of Chancery , on James Wigram 's decisions as Vice-Chancellor of England . The series of 11 volumes of Reports of Cases Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery culminated in 1858 with one on cases of William Wood . Wigram's decrees were considered lucid. Two leading judicial decisions that are still relevant are covered only in Hare's Reports in Chancery : Hare
84-656: A scanty education. He went to London and found work as a solicitor's clerk. On 14 November 1828 he was admitted a student of the Inner Temple , and he was called to the bar on 22 November 1833. He practiced law in the chancery courts . In 1853 Hare became an Inspector of Charities for the Charity Commission . Hare was a member of the London-based Athenaeum Club and Political Economy Club . In 1859, he met John Stuart Mill . He
105-483: A single preferential vote in an at-large district covering the entire United Kingdom. In the preface to the fourth edition of Treatise on the Election of Representatives , Hare stated his belief that proportional representation would "end the evils of corruption, violent discontent and restricted power of selection or voter choice". A great deal of writing on that theory developed and several societies were formed in
126-821: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Thomas Hare (political scientist) Thomas Hare (28 March 1806 in England – 6 May 1891) was a British lawyer and supporter of electoral reform . He is credited with inventing the single transferable vote system of proportional representation which he was a proponent and defender, now used in national elections in Ireland and Malta, in Australian Senate and state elections, in local and European Parliament elections in Northern Ireland, and several cities in
147-674: The American Law Review , was reprinted in London by the Representative Reform Association, a group of allies of Hare set up with support from Walter Morrison who funded George Howell as its secretary from 1868 to 1874, also involving Edmond Beales . Ware's ideas were close to Hare's. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson built on the classification used by Ware of voting systems, in his 1884 pamphlet The Principles of Parliamentary Representation , to give
168-539: The co-operative movement from 1869, and joined the Land Tenure Reform Association (1869 to 1873) for "free trade in land", following the ideas of Mill and William Thomas Thornton . Hare's major work The Machinery of Representation appeared in 1857 (two editions) and editions of his Treatise on the Election of Representatives: Parliamentary and Municipal appeared between 1859 and 1873. John Stuart Mill in 1873 described Hare's system as
189-469: The U.S., New Zealand and Scotland. He was born on 28 March 1806, the illegitimate son of Anne Hare of Leigh, Dorset . ( Alumni Cantabrigienses considers that a 19th-century identification was incorrect. It identified Anne Hare's son with the Thomas Hare who matriculated at Queens' College, Cambridge in 1823, graduating B.A. in 1827, and M.A. in 1846. ) Brought up on a Dorset farm, Hare had
210-722: The United Kingdom, including minorities in the House of Commons and other electoral assemblies. In the British context, the "transferable vote" concept had already been introduced by Thomas Wright Hill , but was not published by him. His son Rowland Hill , for the South Australian Colonization Commission , took an interest during the 1830s in a reformed electoral system for the colony, and drew on his father's ideas. Hare's interest in
231-485: The exclusion of women from the suffrage". A system along lines described by Hare was publicised by Henry Fawcett in Mr. Hare's Reform Bill Simplified and Explained (1860). Mill then shifted his ideas from 1859 slightly, emphasizing the role of bullet voting in a voting context, as a safeguard for minority groups. An article The Machinery of Politics and Proportional Representation from 1872 by William Robert Ware , in
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#1732780004949252-603: The favour and respect of the town and neighbourhood? Hare lends his name to the following: Hare's death in May 1891 occurred several years before the first use of proportional representation in Tasmania in 1897. The recognition of Hare's name in the Hare-Clark electoral system (i.e. Tasmanian system) honours his work. The Single Transferable Vote method has been widely used for multiple-winner elections. While continuing to be
273-432: The greatest improvement of which the system of representative government is susceptible; an improvement which…exactly meets and cures the grand, and what before seemed inherent, defect of the representative system. In 1859 Mill wrote a review for Fraser's Magazine under the title "Recent Writers on Reform", calling Hare's Treatise remarkable, and noting also "Mr. Hare passes an unqualified and most just condemnation on
294-495: The issue dated from his appointment as Inspector of Charities. Danish thinker Carl Christoffer Georg Andræ developed a similar system independently in 1855. Hare's ideas intended to make political representation more closely reflect the ideals of participatory democracy , where all constituents could be heard. He argued that "personal representation" could displace the dominant "monolithic bloc" political party . Hare's original electoral system concept included each voter casting
315-706: The main method of elections in the Republic of Ireland and for some elections in Australia, it has been widely used in numerous corporations and organizations, and has been employed in local elections in a few jurisdictions of the United States. 2007 saw the reintroduction of STV in public elections on the British mainland in elections to Scottish local authorities . STV had been used for elections to Parliament for some University Seats from 1918 to 1945 and from 1918 to 1929 for Scottish boards. Hare and his wife gave
336-404: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hare&oldid=942163966 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
357-529: The world for its adoption although Hare pointed out that his scheme was not meant to bear the title "representation for minorities". In the preface to his third edition of that work, Hare had asked: Can it be supposed that the moment the electors are allowed a freedom of choice they will immediately be seized with a desire to vote for some distant candidate with whom they are unacquainted, rather than for those whom they know – who are near to them, whose speeches they have heard and who have personal recommendations to
378-669: Was Gosbury Hill in Surrey where Hare had a farmhouse built to his own design. The place is now a street in a built-up area, in north Chessington . Of the sons: Herbert Thomas Hare, the second son, a civil engineer, died at Hong Kong in 1874 aged 27. Of the daughters: Attribution [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Courtney, William Prideaux (1901). " Hare, Thomas ". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography (1st supplement) . Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co. Society for Promoting
399-623: Was a co-author, with Henry Iltid Nicholl and John Monson Carrow, of the initial 1840 and 1843 volumes of Cases Relating to Railways and Canals 1835–1840, resp. 1840–1842. Initially a Conservative Party supporter, Hare was a free trader opposed to the Corn Laws . He left the Conservatives in 1846, the year of their repeal, and became a Peelite . He never joined the Liberal Party , preferring to maintain his independence. He
420-670: Was a devout Anglican, influenced by the Tractarians . Hare differed from Mill in relying heavily on Edmund Burke as a political authority, in particular the Reflections on the Revolution in France . The Dictionary of National Biography article by William Prideaux Courtney on Hare states: Hare's energies were concentrated in an attempt to devise a system which would secure proportional representation of all classes in
441-735: Was also a member of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science , and from 1867 was on the committee of the Society for Promoting the Employment of Women . He worked with Lydia Becker on suffrage petitions. He attended the 1867 funeral of the Manchester suffragist Max Kyllmann, to support his wife Philippine Kyllmann ; who two years later fell out with Becker. Under Mill's influence, Hare became involved in
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