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42-700: The Transcaucasus Front describes two distinct organizations during the war. The first version was created on 23 August 1941 from the Transcaucasus Military District , which was originally formed in 1922. The boundary of the Front extended along the Soviet border with Turkey and along the Black Sea coast from Batumi to Tuapse . It was commanded by Lieutenant-General Dmitry Kozlov from August 1941 to December 1941. On 22 June 1941, when

84-637: The 27th Cavalry Division , a Tank brigade, the 2nd Reserve aviation group, and other artillery and support units. The Fourth Army participated in the defense and attack of Tikhvin from October to December 1941. On December 17, 1941, the Fourth Army was allocated to the Volkhov Front . From January 1942 to November 1943, the Fourth Army fought on the front in Volkhov and Leningrad while also doing many rear-area duties. Unlike in other parts of

126-588: The 27th Mechanized Corps . Both armies were deployed on the Iranian border. On 23 August, the military district became the Transcaucasus Front . District headquarters was subordinated to the front's military council and directed the formation of new units. It was disbanded on 14 September 1941. On 28 January 1942, the military district was reformed when the Caucasian Front was divided into

168-484: The 3rd Guards Fighter Aviation Corps with the 13th and 14th Guards Fighter Aviation Divisions; the 188th Bomber Aviation Division; and the 199th Assault Aviation Division, disbanded April 1946. In February 1949 the 7th Air Army was redesignated the 62nd Air Army. As of 2 January 1950 the 7th Air Army became part of the Baku Air Defence Region , and quickly thereafter became the 42nd Fighter Air Army of

210-642: The 402nd Rifle Division , the 1st Mountain Cavalry Division , and the 23rd Cavalry Division . In November 1941, the 51st Army joined the front after being evacuated from the Crimea. The Transcaucasus Front was renamed the Caucasian Front on 30 December 1941. The second version of this front was again created from the Transcaucasus Military District on 15 May 1942, and continued in existence until its reorganization as

252-556: The 77th Аzerbaijani Mountain Rifle Division, named for Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze . On 22 June 1941 the District consisted of the 3rd ( 4th , 20th , and 47th Rifle Divisions ), 23rd Rifle Corps ( 136th and 138th Rifle Divisions ) and 40th Rifle Corps ( 9th and 31st Rifle Division ), the 28th Mechanised Corps , which included the 6th and 54th Tank Divisions and the 236th Motorised Division , five unattached divisions –

294-781: The Air Defence Forces . On 1 May 1955 Soviet forces opposite Eastern Turkey included 13th Mountain Rifle Corps in Georgia (two mountain, one rifle divisions); 7th Guards Combined Arms Army in Armenia with 19th Mountain Rifle Corps (two mountain divisions) and 22nd Rifle Corps with 26th Mechanised Division and two rifle divisions. Further away was 4th Combined Arms Army in Azerbaijan, with five more divisions, of which two were mechanised. In 1979 Scott and Scott reported

336-546: The Brest Fortress lost its water supply. From about 5 am on 22 June fierce fighting began around the Brest fortress, but the seven battalions around the fortress, from 28th Rifle Corps, were undermanned, disorganized, and slow off the mark to man the defences. Despite these deficiencies the final German reduction of the fortress took some time in the face of determined Soviet resistance. By 1600 hours on 22 June, 4th Army HQ

378-638: The Brest fortress (which was continuing to hold). The planned defence was thus practically non-existent, and Slutsk fell on 27 June. The Army took part in the defenses of the area around Babruysk . At the end of July 1941, the Fourth Army began to dissolve. The Fourth Army's staff members were absorbed into the general staff of the Central Front , and the troops were absorbed into other armies. Source: Commander Lieutenant General Aleksandr Korobkov Order of Battle for Operation Barbarossa At

420-752: The Eastern Front , the Red Army was not making significant gains in the north by 1943. The 4th Army was disbanded in November 1943 and set up again in January 1944 as part of the Transcaucasus Front . The staff of the 4th Army was formed from the staff of the 34th Army . The 4th Army was stationed in Iran until August 1945 in accordance with the Soviet-Iranian treaty of 1921 . In February 1944,

462-734: The Red Army 's Separate Caucasian Army, which became the Red Banner Caucasian Army in August 1923. On 17 May 1935, the Red Banner Caucasus Army was redesignated the Transcaucasian Military District. The Georgian, Armenian, and Azerbaijani national formations, plus units from the 11th Soviet Red Army , all joined the new district about this time. In July 1936 the District's formations and units received designations according to

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504-771: The 12th Rifle Division was identified by the Germans on the Western Front, but the unit was assigned to the Far East for the entire war. The formation that appears to have been moved into Brest Fortress was 42nd Rifle Division. Facing the 4th Army across the Bug River was deployed the German Fourth Army , with twelve infantry divisions and a cavalry division, as well as Panzer Group 2 . Some units faced several difficulties; when General Major A.A. Khorobkov,

546-707: The 4th Army consisted of: In the years after World War II the Fourth Army was stationed in the Azerbaijan SSR within the Transcaucasus Military District until the fall of the Soviet Union. It was headquartered at Baku , and after it arrived from Iran in 1946 the Baku Military District was abolished. Most of the divisions listed below joined the Army's forces in the Baku region toward the end of

588-460: The 63rd, 76th , and 77th Rifle , the 17th Mountain Cavalry Division and the 24th Cavalry Division , and three fortified regions. On 1 August 1941 the 46th Army was formed from the 3rd Rifle Corps headquarters. 45th Army was formed from the 23rd Rifle Corps. 45th and 46th Armies guarded the Turkish border. The 44th Army was formed from the 40th Rifle Corps and the 47th Army formed from

630-778: The Central Asian Military District (not the TCF), 53rd Army was described by the Combat composition of the Soviet Army as including 58th Rifle Corps (68th and 83rd Mountain Rifle Divisions , 389th Rifle Division ), 4th Cavalry Corps ( 18th , 20th, 39th Cavalry Divisions ), 44th Cavalry Division , and 72nd Independent Mountain Rifle Regiment (огсп) on 1 October 1941. On 1 November 1941

672-649: The District became the Group of Russian Forces in the Transcaucasus (Russian Группа российских войск в Закавказье – ГРВЗ; GRVZ). After many of the divisions listed above had disbanded or become part of the former republics' armed forces, in the mid 1990s the GRVZ's dispositions were: General Major Aleksander Studenikin, former deputy commander of the Moscow Military District 's 20th Army, commanded

714-656: The District' headquarters address as Tbilisi-4, Ulitsa Dzneladze, Dom 46. The District became part of the Southern Direction, headquartered in Baku and including the North Caucasus and Turkestan Military Districts , in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In 1988, dispositions within the District were as follows: In addition, the 104th Guards Airborne Division of the Soviet Airborne Forces

756-625: The Fourth Army took part in the Soviet invasion of Poland commanded by the future Marshal of Soviet Union V.I. Chuykov , the defender of Stalingrad . Its order of battle in that operation is listed here . Elements of the army, apparently 4th Battalion, 29th Light Tank Brigade, took part in the German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk on September 22, 1939. When the German invasion of

798-789: The GRVZ was totally withdrawn, Russian troops continue to remain in peacekeeping roles in Abkhazia and South Ossetia , de jure parts of Georgia. There are about 1,600 men on the Abkhazian-Georgian boundary (serving alongside UNOMIG ) and a battalion in South Ossetia. According to the Russian authorities, the Gudauta military base is also now used by the peacekeeping forces, but no international monitoring has ever been allowed there. 4th Army (Soviet Union) The 4th Army

840-443: The German invasion started, the Transcaucasus Military District included the 3rd , 24th , and 40th Rifle Corps , the 28th Mechanised Corps , two cavalry divisions (the 17th Mountain and the 24th ) and three separate rifle divisions (the 63rd , 76th , and 77th ). Also part of the District were three fortified regions and District troops, which included artillery and NKVD frontier units. The initial Front organization incorporated

882-669: The Ground Forces, and Admiral Vladimir Chernavin , Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, to negotiate military issues with Azerbaijan. As a result, Azerbaijan received a helicopter squadron, the Baku Combined Arms Command School, and a large part of the Rear Services (combat service support) units of the Fourth Army. The Soviet Air Forces ' presence in the district consisted of the 34th Air Army. It

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924-482: The Group in 2004 with General (Major?) Andrei Popov as his deputy. The Russian presence at Vaziani was withdrawn in the late 1990s and an agreement over the withdrawal of the 12th and 62nd Bases by 2007–08 was made in 2005. The Akhalkalaki 62nd base was officially transferred on schedule to Georgia on 27 June 2007. The 12th Military Base in Batumi was transferred earlier than scheduled; scheduled for February 2008, it

966-503: The Soviet Union commenced on 22 June 1941, the Army was part of the Western Front and had the 28th Rifle Corps ( 6th Rifle Division and 42nd Rifle Division ), 14th Mechanised Corps , and 49th and 75th Rifle Divisions , as well as the 62nd Fortified Region . General Colonel Pavlov, Commander of the Western Front, had decided to redeploy some of 4th Army’s troops early in 1941, and John Erickson wrote that 12th Rifle Division

1008-522: The Soviet Union. It was disbanded by being redesignated as a Group of Forces in the early 1990s, after the Soviet Union collapsed . The military district formed as a basis of the modern day armed forces of Armenia , Azerbaijan , and Georgia as well as unrecognized polities of Abkhazia , the Republic of Artsakh and South Ossetia . The Transcaucasian Military District was originally formed from

1050-598: The Tbilisi Military District on 25 August 1945 after the end of the war. It was commanded by General Ivan V. Tyulenev (May 1942 - August 1945), and included the 4th and 58th Armies at various periods. Transcaucasus Military District The Transcaucasian Military District , a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces , traces its history to May 1921 and the incorporation of Armenia , Azerbaijan , and Georgia into

1092-613: The Transcaucasian Military District and the Crimean Front . The district was commanded by Ivan Tyulenev and included the 45th and 46th Armies, as well as 4 rifle divisions and a rifle brigade. On 28 April 1942, the district became the second formation of the Transcaucasian Front. On 9 July 1945, the Tbilisi and Baku Military Districts were formed from the Transcaucasian Front. Tbilisi Military District Headquarters

1134-580: The Transcaucasus Military District (ZakVO), commanded by Maslennikov. Sometime in the first half of 1946, a new air army, the 7th, was established in the Baku Military District. The air army was given the designation 7th Air Army, taking up a previous designation of a formation which was becoming the 3rd Air Army of the Long Range Aviation in the Far East. Initially it included the 8th Guards Fighter Aviation Division ; 309th Fighter Aviation Division ; 236th and 259th Fighter Aviation Divisions;

1176-532: The army commander, saw his officers on 10 June, General Major Stepan Oborin , 14th Mechanised Corps commander, emphasized that more than half his soldiers were untrained recruits, that his artillery had received guns for which there was no ammunition, and that he only had enough lorries to make a quarter of the corps mobile – the rest would have to march. On the eve of the attack, 4th Army suffered, as did many Soviet formations, from German communication sabotage. Units lost telephone connections, electrical power, and

1218-617: The countrywide numbering scheme and became: the 9th (formerly 1st Caucasus) Mountain Rifle Division, named for the Central Executive Committee of the Georgian SSR ; the 20th (formerly 3rd Caucasus) Mountain Rifle Division ; the 47th (former 1st) Georgian Mountain Rifle Division, named for Joseph Stalin ; the 63rd (former 2nd) Georgian Mountain Rifle Division, named for Mikhail Frunze ; the 76th Armenian Mountain Rifle Division , named after Comrade Voroshilov, and

1260-598: The end of September 1941, the Fourth Army was formed for the second time, retaining its Independent status until December while remaining in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (RVGK, the Stavka Reserve). The field staffs of the 52nd and 54th Armies were used to fill the command contingent of the Army. The new formation was made up of the 285th , 292nd , and 311th Rifle Divisions along with

1302-662: The four Soviet armies stationed in the district in June 1941: On 25 August 1941 troops from the Front entered Iran according to the Soviet-Iran Treaty of Friendship of 21 February 1921, which eliminated the direct threat to the Baku oil fields . Soviet OOB for 25 August 1941: 44th Army (Major General Alexander Khadeyev ) 47th Army (Major General Vasily Novikov ) 53rd Army (Major General Sergei Trofimenko ) (invaded Iran from Turkmenistan, Central Asian Military District , on 27 August) As part of

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1344-466: The front was listed in the Combat composition of the Soviet Army as including the 44th (five divisions), 45th (four divisions and 55th Fortified Region ), 46th Army (9, 20th Mountain Rifle Division; 224, 388, 390th Rifle Divisions, 51st Fortified Region), and 47th Armies (five divisions), and forces of frontal subordination including the 61, 151, 223, 396th Rifle Divisions , and forces in Iran consisting of

1386-808: Was 21052. Army composition : The Soviet Air Defence Forces had the 19th Army of Air Defence Forces located in the District. By Ukaz No. 260 of the President of the Russian Federation of 19 March 1992 the Soviet Transcaucasian Military District and the Caspian Flotilla were transferred to the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation . On 26 September 1992 the district was disbanded. Another, earlier report said on 1 January 1993,

1428-746: Was a Soviet field army of World War II that served on the Eastern front of World War II and in the Caucasus during the Cold War . It was disbanded after the fall of the Soviet Union, with its divisions being withdrawn to Russia and disbanded. The Fourth Army was created in August 1939 in the Belorussian Special Military District from the Bobruisk Army Group as an independent army. In September 1939,

1470-418: Was accordingly moved into Brest , and HQ 14th Mechanised Corps to Kobrin , which in Erickson’s words, ‘deprived 4th Army simultaneously of its reserve and its second echelon.’ It should be clearly understood that John Erickson (historian) was writing in the pre-1990 period when formation designations could be unclear, sometimes to the point of deliberate deception (Soviet 'maskirovka'). According to Sharp

1512-449: Was back at Zapruda, whereupon Front HQ ordered that 14th Mechanised Corps be launched in an attack to clear Brest and reach the frontier line. However the Army staff felt the plan had no chance of success, and so it proved; when the attack was launched the next day, only insignificant progress was made. Three days later Western Front ordered a general withdrawal to try to keep the frontier armies out of threatened German encirclement; 4th Army

1554-433: Was commanded by Colonel general Vladimir Kolpakchi , former 69th Army commander. In October 1945, Army General Ivan Maslennikov took command. On 15 November 1945, control of forces in the Nakhichevan ASSR was transferred from the Tbilisi Military District to the Baku Military District. Lieutenant General Mikhail Ozimin became Tbilisi Military District commander in April 1946. In May 1946, both districts became part of

1596-450: Was directed to fall back on a line from Bytin to Pinsk . Further instructions came through from Pavlov after a chance meeting later the same day; to cover the concentration of reserve armies on the Dnieper, 4th Army was to hold the Shchara, the Slutsk ‘ fortified district ,’ and the Sluch river line. However the Slutsk fortified district, as the district commander reminded Khorobkov, had long ago been instructed to dispatch all its weapons to

1638-445: Was established in Tbilisi as the 11th Air Army in 1946, redesignated as the 34th Air Army in 1949, redesignated the Air Forces of the Transcaucasian Military District (VVS ZKVO) in 1980, and then given the name 34th Air Army again in 1988. It was made up of the 36th Bomber Aviation Division , 283rd Fighter Aviation Division and six independent aviation regiments, totaling twelve aviation regiments. The formation's Military Unit Number

1680-432: Was in Tbilisi and was formed from the Transcaucasian Front headquarters. The district controlled forces in the Georgian and Armenian SSRs . The district was commanded by Colonel General Sergei Trofimenko , former 27th Army commander. The headquarters of the Baku Military District was formed from 69th Army headquarters and was located in Baku. The district controlled forces in the Azerbaijan SSR and Dagestan ASSR . It

1722-526: Was stationed at Kirovabad , directly subordinated to VDV Headquarters. The division was withdrawn to Ulyanovsk and this process was in progress by spring 1993. The 75th Motor Rifle Division was reassigned to the KGB Border Guards in January 1990. On September 23, 1991, on the basis of the directive of the General Staff of August 28, 1991 No. 314/3/042Sh, it was returned to the Ministry of Defence. In February 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin sent General Boris Gromov , First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of

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1764-495: Was transferred on 13 November 2007. The 'Zvezda' command post (probably the former District war headquarters) in the town of Mtskheta , just north of Tbilisi, was handed over by early September 2005. Due to the espionage conflict between Russia and Georgia , the Transcaucasus Group of Forces headquarters in Tbilisi was closed down ahead of schedule. Defence Minister Sergey Ivanov said that 387 servicemen and 484 civilians would leave early. Lenta.ru referred to Rian.ru . Even after

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