Misplaced Pages

#865134

77-453: Tyholt is a neighbourhood in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway . It is located in the borough of Lerkendal at the highest point in the city of Trondheim . Before 1964, Tyholt was part of the old municipality of Strinda . It borders the neighborhoods Singsaker to the west, Strindheim to the north, Moholt to the south and Valentinlyst to the east. Most of Tyholt

154-550: A CAP is the following: where F r {\displaystyle \mathrm {Fr} } is the Froude number , N {\displaystyle N} — the Brunt–Väisälä frequency , h {\displaystyle h} — depth of the valley, and F r c {\displaystyle \mathrm {Fr} _{c}} — Froude number at the threshold wind speed. The presence of permafrost close to

231-411: A castle archway. These two pictures rest on a base which forms an arch. Underneath that arch, are three male heads which symbolise the city's rank as Norway's first capital and the archbishop's place of residence. The scales symbolise justice and the motif is based on the political philosophy of the 13th century, where the balance of power between king and church was an important issue. The three heads at

308-419: A concert venue. Kristiansten Fortress , built 1681–1684, is located on a hill east of Trondheim. It repelled the invading Swedes in 1718, but was decommissioned in 1816 by Crown Prince Regent Charles John . A statue of Olav Tryggvason , the founder of Trondheim, is located in the city's central square, mounted on top of an obelisk. The statue base is also a sun dial , but it is calibrated to UTC+1 so that

385-537: A failed attempt to liberate Trondheim, as part of the Namsos Campaign . During the occupation, Trondheim was the home of the notorious Norwegian Gestapo agent, Henry Rinnan , who operated from a nearby villa and infiltrated Norwegian resistance groups. The city and its citizens were subjected to harsh treatment by the occupying power, including the imposition of martial law in October 1942. During this time,

462-520: A microclimate is shaped by a conglomerate of different influences and is a subject of microscale meteorology . Examples of the cold air pool (CAP) effect are Gstettneralm Sinkhole in Austria (lowest recorded temperature −53 °C (−63 °F)) and Peter Sinks in the US. The main criterion on the wind speed v {\displaystyle v} in order to create a warm air flow penetration into

539-402: A room or other enclosure. Microclimates are commonly created and carefully maintained in museum display and storage environments. This can be done using passive methods, such as silica gel , or with active microclimate control devices. Usually, if the inland areas have a humid continental climate , the coastal areas stay much milder during winter months, in contrast to the hotter summers. This

616-462: A sheltered position can reduce the severity of winter. Roof gardening , however, exposes plants to more extreme temperatures in both summer and winter. In an urban area, tall buildings create their own microclimate, both by overshadowing large areas and by channeling strong winds to ground level. Wind effects around tall buildings are assessed as part of a microclimate study. Microclimates can also refer to purpose-made environments, such as those in

693-736: A variety of small history, science and natural history museums, such as the Trondheim Maritime Museum , the Armoury , adjacent to the Archbishops's Palace, Kristiansten Fortress, the music and musical instrument museum Ringve National Museum , Ringve Botanical Garden , the Trondheim Tramway Museum , and the Jewish Museum , co-located with the city's synagogue, which is among the northernmost in

770-701: Is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Trøndelag District Court and the Frostating Court of Appeal . On 1 January 2005, the city was reorganized from five boroughs into four, with each of these having separate social services offices. The current boroughs are Midtbyen (44,967 inhabitants), Østbyen (42,707 inhabitants), Lerkendal (46,603 inhabitants) and Heimdal (30,744) inhabitants. The Population statistics listed are as of 1 January 2008. Prior to 2005 , Trondheim

847-692: Is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway . As of 2022, it had a population of 212,660. Trondheim is the third most populous municipality in Norway, and is the fourth largest urban area . Trondheim lies on the south shore of Trondheim Fjord at the mouth of the River Nidelva . Among the significant technology-oriented institutions headquartered in Trondheim are the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU),

SECTION 10

#1732790918866

924-621: Is a teaching hospital and cooperates closely with the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) on both research and medical education. SINTEF , a large independent research organisation in Scandinavia , has 1,800 employees with 1,300 of these located in Trondheim. The Air Force Academy of the Royal Norwegian Air Force is located at Kuhaugen in Trondheim. The Geological Survey of Norway

1001-478: Is building out to increase space. Microclimate Microclimates exist, for example, near bodies of water which may cool the local atmosphere, or in heavy urban areas where brick , concrete , and asphalt absorb the sun's energy, heat up, and re-radiate that heat to the ambient air: the resulting urban heat island (UHI) is a kind of microclimate that is additionally driven by relative paucity of vegetation . The terminology "micro-climate" first appeared in

1078-515: Is from 1900, 3.7 °C colder than the second coldest May night. The all-time low −26 °C (−14.8 °F) was recorded February 1899. The all-time high 35 °C (95 °F) was recorded 22 July 1901. The warmest month on record is July 2014 with mean 19.5 °C (67.1 °F) and average daily high 24.9 °C (76.8 °F) (airport). The coldest month on record is February 1966 with mean −9.9 °C (14.2 °F) and average daily low −14.2 °C (6.4 °F) (airport). The average date for

1155-521: Is home to both the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) with its many technical lab facilities and disciplines, and BI-Trondheim, a satellite campus for the Norwegian Business School (BI). Both universities welcome a number of international students on a yearly basis and offer various scholarships. St. Olav's University Hospital , a regional hospital for Central Norway, is located in downtown Trondheim. St. Olav's

1232-534: Is located at Lade in Trondheim and is a major geoscientific institution with 220 employees of which 70% are scientists. There are 11 high schools in the city. Trondheim katedralskole ("Trondheim Cathedral School") was founded in 1152 and is the oldest upper secondary school ( gymnasium ) in Norway, while Charlottenlund videregående skole is the largest in Sør-Trøndelag with its 1,100 students and 275 employees. Brundalen Skole, has big festivals each year, and

1309-542: Is possibly the largest wooden building in Northern Europe and has been used by royals and their guests since 1800. A statue of Leif Ericson is located at the seaside, close to the old Customs Building, the cruise ship facilities and the new swimming hall. The statue is a replica, the original being located at a Seattle marina . The Nidaros Cathedral and the Archbishop's Palace are located side by side in

1386-485: Is residential. The area has a good view of Trondheim's city centre and the neighborhoods of Lade and Strinda . Tyholt Tower ( Tyholttårnet ) is a 124-metre (407 ft) tall communications tower which opened in 1985. The Centre for Marine Technology of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Centres of Excellence Centre for Ships and Ocean Structures (CeSOS) and AMOS (Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems) are hosted at facilities close to

1463-582: Is the Gaulosen. The observation tower accommodates for birdwatching and providing information about birdlife. Though Trondheim is Norway's third largest city, wild animals are regularly seen. Otters and beavers thrive in Nidelva and Bymarka. Badgers and red foxes are not uncommon sights. Moose and deer are common in the hills surrounding the city, and might wander into the city, especially in May when

1540-416: Is the case in places such as British Columbia , where Vancouver has an oceanic wet winter with rare frosts, but inland areas that average several degrees warmer in summer have cold and snowy winters. Two main parameters to define a microclimate within a certain area are temperature and humidity . A source of a drop in temperature and/or humidity can be attributed to different sources or influences. Often

1617-756: The Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research (SINTEF) , the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), and St. Olavs University Hospital . The settlement was founded in 997 as a trading post and served as the capital of Norway from the Viking Age until 1217. From 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros ; it then became, and has remained, the seat of the Lutheran Diocese of Nidaros and

SECTION 20

#1732790918866

1694-730: The Grotta Grande del Vento cave in Ancona, Italy . As pointed out by Rudolf Geiger in his book not only climate influences the living plant but the opposite effect of the interaction of plants on their environment can also take place, and is known as plant climate . This effect has important consequences for forests in the midst of a continent; indeed, if forests were not creating their own clouds and water cycle with their efficient evapotranspiration activity, there would be no forest far away from coasts, as statistically, without any other influence, rainfall occurrence would decrease from

1771-648: The Hebrides and are now at the British Museum , may have been made in Trondheim. From 1152, Trondheim was the seat of the Archbishop of Nidaros for Norway, which operated from the Archbishop's Palace . Due to the introduction of Lutheran Protestantism in 1537, the last archbishop, Olav Engelbrektsson , had to flee from the city to the Netherlands ; he died in what today is Lier, Belgium . From

1848-521: The Old Norse word þróndr which is an old present participle of the verb þróask which means "to grow" or "to thrive". During the late Middle Ages , the city name was commonly shortened to Þróndheimr , dropping the kaupanger part, and over time the name became Trondhjem , using the Dano-Norwegian spelling rather than the Old Norse spelling since the city was part of

1925-662: The Second World War , Trondheim was occupied by Nazi Germany from 9 April 1940, the first day of the invasion of Norway , until the end of the war in Europe, 8 May 1945 . The German invasion force consisted of the German cruiser Admiral Hipper , 4 destroyers and 1700 Austrian Mountain troops. Except for a coastal battery that opened fire, there was no resistance to the invasion, which began on 9 April at 5 AM. On 14 and 17 April, British and French forces landed near Trondheim in

2002-464: The Storting voted in 1929 to make some changes. The Trondhjem Cathedral would be changed to Nidaros Cathedral effective on 1 July 1929 and the name of the city would change to Nidaros starting on 1 January 1930. This change caused public outrage and even riots during 1930. This forced the Storting to reconsider this change. On 6 March 1931, the name was formally changed to Trondheim , using

2079-637: The microclimate is colder and snowier. The city functions as the seat of the County Mayor of Trøndelag county but not as its administrative centre (which is Steinkjer ). This is designed to avoid making the county administration too centralized . Trondheim is home to football club Rosenborg , Norway's most successful football club, and Granåsen Ski Centre , which has hosted the World Championship in Nordic Skiing . The city

2156-581: The 16th through the 19th centuries, the city was repeatedly ravaged by fires that caused widespread damage since many of its buildings were made of wood. The worst occurred in 1598, 1651, 1681, 1708, 1717 (twice), 1742, 1788, 1841 and 1842. The 1651 fire destroyed 90% of all buildings within the city limits. After the " Horneman Fire " in 1681, there was an almost total reconstruction of the city, overseen by General Johan Caspar von Cicignon , originally from Luxembourg . Broad avenues, such as Munkegata, were created, without regard for private property rights, to limit

2233-586: The 1950s in publications such as Climates in Miniature: A Study of Micro-Climate Environment (Thomas Bedford Franklin, 1955). The area in a developed industrial park may vary greatly from a wooded park nearby, as natural flora in parks absorb light and heat in leaves that a building roof or parking lot just radiates back into the air. Advocates of solar energy argue that widespread use of solar collection can mitigate overheating of urban environments by absorbing sunlight and putting it to work instead of heating

2310-457: The Germans turned the city and its environs into a major base for submarines (which included building the large submarine base and bunker DORA I ), and contemplated a scheme to build a new city for 300,000 inhabitants, Nordstern ("Northern Star"), centred 15 kilometres (9 miles) southwest of Trondheim, near the wetlands of Øysand on the outskirts of Melhus municipality. This new metropolis

2387-511: The Kingdom of Denmark-Norway for centuries. On 21 December 1917, a royal resolution enacted the 1917 Norwegian language reforms . Around the time, many municipalities and cities had their names changed to "Norwegianize" the spelling and make them look less Danish . On 1 January 1919, the name of the local Church of Norway diocese was changed from Trondhjem stift to Nidaros bispedømme (English: Diocese of Nidaros ). In 1924,

Tyholt - Misplaced Pages Continue

2464-615: The Mission Hotel in Trondheim. Some were also interrogated by Henry Rinnan and his gang. It was closed in 1971 after the opening of Trondheim Prison at Tunga. Trondheim Prison (Norwegian: Trondheim fengsel ) is a prison that belongs to the Northern Region of the Norwegian Correctional Services . The prison can house 184 inmates . It consists of four main departments: Trondheim forms

2541-530: The Nidaros Cathedral, the two of them form an unofficial religious quarter along with a synagogue , a Baptist church, a Salvation Army office, and the 8-auditorium cinema Prinsen kinosenter . Sverresborg , also named Zion after King David's castle in Jerusalem , was a fortification built by Sverre Sigurdsson . It is now an open-air museum, consisting of more than 60 buildings. The castle

2618-410: The air temperature, humidity, and pressure. In enclosed cave environments, the introduction of bacteria, algae, plants, animals, or human interference can change any one of these factors therefore altering the microenvironment within the cave. There are over 750 caves worldwide that are available for people to visit. The constant human traffic through these cave environments can have a negative effect on

2695-594: The bottom may symbolise the city council. The motif is unique in Norwegian municipal heraldry, but similar motifs are found in bishopric cities on the continent. The design of the coat-of-arms that was adopted in 1897, and is still used today, was made by Håkon Thorsen. Trondheim is situated where the River Nidelva meets Trondheim Fjord with an excellent harbour and sheltered condition. In the Middle Ages

2772-484: The cathedral. On 24 May 2002, their daughter Princess Märtha Louise married the writer Ari Behn in the cathedral. The Pilgrim's Route ( Pilegrimsleden ) to the site of Saint Olufs's tomb at Nidaros Cathedral, has recently been re-instated. Also known as St. Olav's Way, ( Sankt Olavs vei ), the main route, which is approximately 640 kilometres (400 mi) long, starts in Oslo and heads North, along Lake Mjøsa , up

2849-609: The cave rock as well as the waste product from these species can combine to make unique microclimates within cave systems. The speleogenetic effect is an observed and studied process of air circulation within cave environments brought on by convection. In phreatic conditions the cave surfaces are exposed to the enclosed air (as opposed to submerged and interacting with water from the water table in vadose conditions). This air circulates water particles that condense on cave walls and formations such as speleothems . This condensing water has been found to contribute to cave wall erosion and

2926-514: The centre of the Trondheim Region , and is a common commuting point for work, shopping, and healthcare. Although the official list of metropolitan regions of Norway defines the region very broadly, the area of two-way commuting where Trondheim residents too would head outwards for transport, shopping, and upper secondary schools , consists roughly of Trondheim, Malvik , downtown Stjørdal (incl. Værnes ), downtown Melhus , Skaun , and

3003-404: The city of Trondheim (population: 56,982), which nearly doubled the population of the municipality. On 1 January 2020, the neighboring Klæbu Municipality (population: 6,050) was merged with Trondheim Municipality. The coat of arms dates back to the 13th century. To the left, there is an archbishop with his staff and mitre in a church archway. On the right, a crowned king holding scales in

3080-554: The cityscape – especially on dark winter evenings. Vollan District Jail ( Norwegian : Vollan kretsfengsel ) was a jail during the nazi occupation of Norway and was used to imprison both prisoners of war and criminals. Vollan was not considered a concentration camp . In a summary of prisoners of war in Norway, numerous prisoners were registered at Vollan. One of its roles was as a transit camp for political prisoners . Many prisoners were taken from Vollan to Kristiansten Fortress and shot. The prisoners at Vollan were interrogated at

3157-682: The coast towards inland. Planting trees to fight drought has also been proposed in the context of afforestation . Artificial reservoirs as well as natural ones create microclimates and often influence the macroscopic climate as well. Another contributing factor of microclimate is the slope or aspect of an area. South-facing slopes in the Northern Hemisphere and north-facing slopes in the Southern Hemisphere are exposed to more direct sunlight than opposite slopes and are therefore warmer for longer periods of time, giving

Tyholt - Misplaced Pages Continue

3234-490: The damage from future fires. At the time, the city had a population of under 10,000 inhabitants, with most living in the downtown area. After the Treaty of Roskilde on 26 February 1658, Trondheim and the rest of Trøndelag became Swedish territory briefly. However, after a three-month long siege , the area was reconquered 10 months later. The conflict was finally settled by the Treaty of Copenhagen on 27 May 1660. During

3311-632: The east gives sunny weather which can last for weeks. Conversely, Atlantic Lows can also dominate for weeks, and both patterns can happen all year. In 2020 May saw northwesterlies with cold air from northwest lasting weeks and even bringing snowfall, while June 2020 recorded 345 sun hours and new record high 34.3 °C (94 °F), Norway's warmest high in 2020. The sunniest month on record is May 2024 with 366 sunhours. Trondheim experiences moderate snowfall from November to March, but mixed with mild weather and rainfall. There are on average 14 days each winter with at least 25 cm (10 in) of snow cover on

3388-400: The foreign surface objects. A microclimate can offer an opportunity as a small growing region for crops that cannot thrive in the broader area; this concept is often used in permaculture practiced in northern temperate climates. Microclimates can be used to the advantage of gardeners who carefully choose and position their plants. Cities often raise the average temperature by zoning , and

3465-404: The formation of morphological features. Some examples of this can be found in the limestone walls of Grotta Giusti ; a thermal cave near Monsummano , Lucca, Italy. Any process that leads to an increase or decrease in chemical/physical processes will subsequently impact the environment within that system. Air density within caves, which directly relates to the convection processes, is determined by

3542-565: The ground and 22 days with a daily minimum temperature of −10 °C (14 °F) or less (1971–2000, airport). There is often more snow and later snowmelt in suburban areas at a higher elevation, with good skiing conditions in Bymarka . All the monthly record lows are from 1955 or older, with half of them from before 1920. The last overnight frost in June was in 1958, and the coldest night in May after year 2000 had low −2.7 °C. The May record low

3619-458: The last overnight freeze (low below 0 °C (32.0 °F)) in spring is 1 May and average date for first freeze in autumn is 9 October giving a frost-free season of 160 days (Trondheim Airport Værnes 1981-2010 average). The earliest weather stations were located closer to the city centre, from 1945 onwards the weather station has been located at a higher elevation (Voll, 127 m and Tyholt, 113 m), therefore being slightly colder. A new sunrecorder

3696-467: The lower sections of Vanvikan in Indre Fosen . Trondheim Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services , senior citizen services, welfare and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor

3773-501: The medieval Norwegian spelling instead of the Danish version Trondhjem . The name of the diocese and cathedral, however, continued using the name Nidaros. Trondheim was briefly named Drontheim during the Second World War as a German exonym . Trondheim was named Kaupangen (English: market place or trading place ) by Viking King Olav Tryggvason in 997 CE. Shortly after that, it came to be called Nidaros . Initially, it

3850-412: The microclimates as well as on the geological and archeological findings. Factors that play into the deterioration of these environments include nearby deforestation, agriculture operations, water exploitation, mining, and tourist operations. The speleogenetic effect of normal caves tends to show a slow circulation of air. In unique conditions where acids are present, the effects of erosion and changes to

3927-473: The microenvironment can be drastically enhanced. One example is the effect of the presence of hydro sulfuric acid ( H 2 S ). When the oxidized hydrosulfuric acid chemically alters to sulfuric acid( H 2 SO 4 ), this acid starts to react with the calcium carbonate rock at much higher rates. The water involved in this reaction tends to have a high pH of 3 which renders the water almost unlivable for many bacteria and algae. An example of this can be found in

SECTION 50

#1732790918866

4004-457: The middle of the city centre. The cathedral, built from 1070 on, is the most important Gothic monument in Norway and was Northern Europe's most important Christian pilgrimage site during the Middle Ages, with pilgrimage routes leading to it from Oslo in southern Norway and from the Jämtland and Värmland regions of Sweden. Today, it is the northernmost medieval cathedral in the world, and

4081-410: The municipality further away from the fjord has slightly colder winters, while the part close to the fjord has the mildest winters. Trondheim is mostly sheltered from the strong south and southwesterly winds which can occur along the outer seaboard but is more exposed to northwesterly winds. As with the rest of Norway, the weather is dependent on the weather pattern. High pressure over Central Norway or to

4158-530: The municipality of Trondheim. They are all a part of the Diocese of Nidaros , which is based in Trondheim at the Nidaros Cathedral . Many of the churches are several hundred years old, with a couple which were built almost 1,000 years ago. The Roman Catholic Sankt Olav domkirke is the cathedral episcopal see of the exempt Territorial Prelature of Trondheim . Being located across the street from

4235-477: The name of the Norwegian capital city was changed from Kristiania to Oslo , removing the name referencing a Danish King in favor of the very old name Oslo. In 1928, a referendum in Trondhjem was held on whether to keep the current name or to bring back the original name of Nidaros . The vote resulted in 17,163 votes in favour of Trondhjem and only 1,508 votes in favour of Nidaros. Despite this result,

4312-501: The one-year-olds are chased away by their mothers, or in late winter when food grows scarce in the snow-covered higher regions. From 2002 until 2017, a wolverine lived in Bymarka. Most of Trondheim city centre is scattered with small speciality shops. However, the main shopping area is concentrated around the pedestrianised streets Nordre gate (English: Northern street ), Olav Tryggvasons gate and Thomas Angells gate even though

4389-546: The place for the assembly of all free men by the mouth of the River Nidelva . Harald Fairhair (865–933) was hailed as the king here, as was his son, Haakon I , called 'the Good.' The battle of Kalvskinnet took place in Trondheim in 1179: King Sverre Sigurdsson and his Birkebeiner warriors were victorious against Erling Skakke (a rival to the throne). Some scholars believe that the famous Lewis chessmen , 12th-century chess pieces carved from walrus ivory that were found in

4466-458: The reading is inaccurate by one hour in the summer. The islet Munkholmen is a popular tourist attraction and recreation site. The islet has served as a place of execution, a monastery , a fortress , prison , and a Second World War anti-aircraft gun station. Stiftsgården is the royal residence in Trondheim, originally constructed in 1774 by Cecilie Christine Schøller . At 140 rooms constituting 4,000 square metres (43,056 sq ft), it

4543-482: The rest of the city centre is provided with everything from old, well-established companies to new, hip and trendy shops. In the mid-to-late 1990s, the area surrounding the old drydock and ship construction buildings of the defunct Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted shipbuilding company at the Nedre Elvehavn was renovated and old industrial buildings were torn down to make way for condominiums. A shopping centre

4620-473: The river was deep enough to be navigable by most boats. However, in the mid-17th century, an avalanche of mud and stones made it less navigable, and partly ruined the harbour. The municipality's highest elevation is the Storheia hill, 565 metres (1,854 ft) above sea level . At the summer solstice , the sun rises at 03:00 and sets at 23:40, but stays just below the horizon. Between 23 May and 19 July, when

4697-411: The second-largest in Scandinavia . During the Middle Ages, and again after independence was restored in 1814, the Nidaros Cathedral was the coronation church of the Norwegian kings. King Haakon VII was the last monarch to be crowned there, in 1906. Starting with King Olav V in 1957, coronation was replaced by consecration . In 1991, the present King Harald V and Queen Sonja were consecrated in

SECTION 60

#1732790918866

4774-455: The site of the Nidaros Cathedral . It was incorporated in 1838. The current municipality was formed in 1964, when Trondheim merged with Byneset , Leinstrand , Strinda , and Tiller , and further expanded on 1 January 2020, when Trondheim merged with Klæbu . Trondheim has a mild climate for its northerly latitude, resulting in moderate summers and winters that often remain above the freezing point in seaside areas. At higher elevations, though,

4851-445: The sky is cloud-free, it remains light enough at night that no artificial lighting is needed outdoors. At the winter solstice, the sun rises at 10:01, stays very low above the horizon (at midday its altitude is slightly more than 3 degrees over the horizon), and sets at 14:31. Trondheim city has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ) or humid continental climate (Dfb), depending on the winter threshold used (−3 °C or 0 °C). The part of

4928-422: The slope a warmer microclimate than the areas around the slope. The lowest area of a glen may sometimes frost sooner or harder than a nearby spot uphill, because cold air sinks, a drying breeze may not reach the lowest bottom, and humidity lingers and precipitates , then freezes . The type of soil found in an area can also affect microclimates. For example, soils heavy in clay can act like pavement, moderating

5005-432: The surface in a crater creates a unique microclimate environment. Caves are important geologic formations that can house unique and delicate geologic/biological environments. The vast majority of caves found are made of calcium carbonates such as limestone . In these dissolution environments, many species of flora and fauna find home. The mixture of water content within the cave atmosphere, air pressure, geochemistry of

5082-802: The tower. Still in close proximity is MARINTEK, hosting the only major test tank for maritime technology in Scandinavia . Located in Tyholt are the Trondheim offices of Telenor and the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation . The latter hosts the radio channels NRK P1 and NRK P3 . Trondheim Trondheim ( UK : / ˈ t r ɒ n ( d ) h aɪ m / TRON(D) -hyme , US : / ˈ t r ɒ n h eɪ m / TRON -haym , Urban East Norwegian: [ˈtrɔ̂nː(h)æɪm] ; Southern Sami : Tråante ), historically Kaupangen , Nidaros , and Trondhjem ( local pronunciation: [ˈtrɔ̂nːjæm] ),

5159-527: The valley Gudbrandsdalen , over the mountain range Dovrefjell and down the Oppdal valley to end at Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim. There is a Pilgrim's Office in Oslo which gives advice to pilgrims and a Pilgrim Centre in Trondheim, under the aegis of the cathedral, which awards certificates to successful pilgrims upon the completion of their journey. The Lutheran Church of Norway has 21 churches within

5236-512: The world. Rockheim ( Norwegian : Det nasjonale opplevelsessenteret for pop og rock , The National Discovery Center for Pop and Rock) opened at the Pier in August 2010. It is located inside an old warehouse, but characterised by an easily recognisable roof in the shape of a box. "The box" is decorated by thousands of tiny lights that change in a variety of colours and patterns, and is a landmark in

5313-469: Was also built, known as Solsiden (The Sunny Side). This is a popular residential and shopping area, especially for young people. DORA 1 is a German submarine base that housed the 13th U-boat Flotilla during the Second World War occupation of Norway. Today the bunker houses various archives, among them the city archives, the university and state archives. More recently, DORA has been used as

5390-516: Was amalgamated with Trondheim. Then, on 1 January 1893, another part of Strinda (population: 4,097) was transferred to Trondheim. On 1 January 1952, the Lade area of Strinda (population: 2,230) was transferred to Trondheim. On 1 January 1964, a major municipal merger took place: the neighbouring municipalities of Leinstrand (population: 4,193), Byneset (population: 2,049), Strinda (population: 44,600), and Tiller (population: 3,595) were all merged with

5467-408: Was divided into the boroughs Sentrum , Strinda , Nardo , Byåsen and Heimdal . The city council (Bystyret) of Trondheim is made up of 67 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Prior to 2011, there were 85 city council members, but this number was reduced to 67 in 2011. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party . Trondheim

5544-576: Was established by met.no in the city at Gløshaugen (NTNU) December 2015, recording more sunhrs than earlier sunrecorder, which had terrain blocking issues. There are on average 229 sunhours in July (based 2016–2020). Trondheim recorded 197 sunhours in October 2016 beating the previous national record for October. In April 2019, Trondheim recorded 308 sunhours, setting a new national record for April. In contrast, December 2016 only recorded 10 sunhours. The city has various wetland habitats . among which there

5621-549: Was established in 997 by Olav Tryggvason and it was originally named Nidaros ( Old Norse : Niðaróss ). The first element of the name was the local river Nid . The last element of the name was óss which meant "the mouth of a river". Thus the name meant "the outlet of the river Nid ". Although the formal name was Nidaros, the city was commonly known as kaupangr , which means "city" or "marketplace", or more specifically kaupangr í Þróndheimi which means "the city in Trondheim". Trondheim ( Old Norse : Þróndheimr )

5698-541: Was frequently used as a military retainer ( Old Norse : "hird"-man) of King Olav I. It was also frequently used as the king's seat and was Norway's capital until 1217. People have lived in the region for thousands of years, as evidenced by the rock carvings in central Norway , the Nøstvet and Lihult cultures , and the Corded Ware culture . In ancient times, the kings of Norway were hailed in Trondheim at Øretinget ,

5775-481: Was originally built in 1182–1183, but did not last for long as it was burned down in 1188. However, the Sverresaga indicates it had been restored by 1197. The Trondheim Science Center ( Norwegian : Vitensenteret i Trondheim ) is a scientific hands-on experience center. The NTNU University Museum (Norwegian: NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet) is part of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology . There are also

5852-469: Was the historic name for the whole district which is now known as Trøndelag . This is the area where the people were known as Trønder ( þróndr ). This district name Trondheim meant "the home of the Trønder people" (literally "Trønder-home") and Trøndelag ( Old Norse : Þrǿndalǫg ) originally meant the "law area of the Trønder people" (literally "Trønder-law"). The name of the Trønder people derives from

5929-550: Was to be accompanied by a massively expanded version of the already existing naval base, which was intended to become the future primary stronghold of the German Kriegsmarine . A start was made on this enormous construction project, but it was far from completed when the war ended, and today, there are few physical remains of it. The city of Trondheim was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt ). On 1 January 1864, part of Strinda (population: 1,229)

#865134