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62-598: Its main library, Biblioteca Francisco Xavier Clavigero , holds more than 400,000 books and journals and as of 2007 is one of the largest university libraries in the country. It also has one of the largest law libraries in Mexico. Other institutions affiliated with, but independent from, Ibero in Mexico City are found in Guadalajara , León , Torreón , Puebla , Playas de Tijuana , and Jaltepec . Together, they form

124-637: A "crazy guy" and a "false prophet," and questioned the claim that Trump received 44% of the Hispanic vote in the Republican caucus in Nevada. Trump took to Twitter in response, demanding that Fox apologize for using "the F word while discussing the wall." Fox eventually apologized for the remark, while also asking for Trump to apologize for his remarks about Mexicans and inviting Trump to visit Mexico. Despite his apology, Fox continued to criticize Trump to

186-541: A "desperate move" on the part of Peña Nieto and stating, "He is not welcome in Mexico. We don't like him. We don't want him. We reject his visit." Trump responded by pointing out Fox's previous invitation, to which Fox clarified that he invited Trump to Mexico on the condition that he used the visit to apologize to the Mexican people. He directly addressed the American people the next day on CNN, where he described Trump as

248-844: A "false prophet" who is "absolutely crazy" and warned that they need to "wake up" and realize the harm that Trump's immigration and economic policies would inflict on the United States. Later in September 2016, The Washington Post reported that Fox had received multiple emails from Trump's campaign soliciting donations throughout the month. Fox received the first email on 9 September, which he posted on Twitter and responded, "Donald Trump, I won't pay for that fucking wall! Also, campaigning in Mexico? Running out of money and friends?" Fox received two additional emails on 24 and 27 September, both of which he also posted on Twitter and mocked as being "desperate" and "begging." The revelation of

310-607: A 48-acre (19 hectares) new campus in the Santa Fe area of Mexico City. Besides classrooms, laboratories, and workshops in physics, chemistry, photography, design, psychology, engineering, communications, architecture, and nutrition, the university houses the Francisco Xavier Clavigero library, the FM 90.9 radio station, and several auditoriums. Other facilities on campus include sports fields and related conveniences,

372-534: A big influence in the presidential decisions". Having assumed office with an approval rating of 80%, by the time he left office in 2006 his public image had become exhausted by the controversial presidential elections of that year and the few reforms implemented. In terms of the significance of Fox's presidency, historian Philip Russell asserts that, "Marketed on television, Fox made a far better candidate than he did president. He failed to take charge and provide cabinet leadership, failed to set priorities, and turned

434-415: A blind eye to alliance building." Fox himself asserted in 2001 (one year into his administration) that he much preferred his experience as candidate than actually being president. Russell also pointed to 2006 comments by political scientist Soledad Loaeza , who noted, "The eager candidate became a reluctant president who avoided tough choices and appeared hesitant and unable to hide the weariness caused by

496-519: A further shift of the federal government to the right, strong relations with the United States and George W. Bush , unsuccessful attempts to introduce a value-added tax to medicines and build an airport in Texcoco , and a diplomatic conflict with Cuban leader Fidel Castro . The murder of human rights lawyer Digna Ochoa in 2001 called into question the Fox administration's commitment to breaking with

558-845: A medical center, three cafeterias, an on-campus bookstore, a stationery shop, bank branches, and other university stores. Ibero-American University Tijuana ( Universidad Iberoamericana Tijuana ) in Playas de Tijuana, Tijuana , Mexico, was founded by the Jesuits in 1982. It is a part of the Mexican Jesuit University System. as one of the Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México colleges. In 1982, Universidad Iberoamericana opened its campus in Tijuana at two sites, one rented and

620-526: A nonprofit fundraising group established by Denise Montaño. The group was instrumental in getting Vicente Fox elected President of Mexico, and the phrase " Amigos de Fox " was used as a campaign slogan referring to the millions of people supporting Fox in the 2000 presidential election. In 2003, money-laundering charges were lodged against Amigos de Fox , but were dropped shortly before the July 2003 midterm elections. On 2 July 2000, his 58th birthday, Fox won

682-765: A route supervisor and drove a delivery truck. After nine years, he had risen to the top, serving as the President and Chief Executive of Coca-Cola Mexico; after six years in this role, he was invited to lead all of Coca-Cola's operations in Latin America, but Fox declined and later resigned from Coca-Cola in 1979. It was during the Fox's leadership of Coca-Cola Mexico that Coke became Mexico's top-selling soft drink, increasing Coca-Cola's sales by almost 50%. After retiring from Coca-Cola, Fox began to participate in various public activities in Guanajuato, where he created

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744-415: A video interview in July 2013 to High Times , in which he discussed the failure of drug prohibition, and cited Portugal's decriminalization policies as "working splendid(ly)." He said he supports drug legalization despite not being a user himself, just as he said he also "fully respects" same-sex marriage although he does not personally agree with it. In February 2014, Fox wrote an opinion piece that

806-610: A year at Campion High School in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin where he learned English. Upon reaching college age, Fox moved to Mexico City to attend the Universidad Iberoamericana and received a bachelor's degree in business administration in 1964. Then in 1974, Fox received a certificate in management skills from Harvard Business School . In 1964, Fox was hired by the Coca-Cola Company as

868-581: Is Vicente Fox Quesada , President of Mexico 2000-2006. Other distinguished alums with high name recognition internationally are actress Salma Hayek ; Academy Award -winning film maker Alejandro González Iñárritu ; and journalist Jorge Ramos . Athletics Business Film History, philosophy, literature, art and architecture Politics and Public Sector Television and mass media Science and engineering Biblioteca Francisco Xavier Clavigero The Francisco Xavier Clavigero Library ( Spanish : Biblioteca Francisco Xavier Clavigero )

930-559: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Vicente Fox Quesada Vicente Fox Quesada ( Latin American Spanish: [biˈsente ˈfoks keˈsaða] ; born 2 July 1942) is a Mexican businessman and politician who served as the 62nd president of Mexico from 2000 to 2006. After campaigning as a right-wing populist , Fox was elected president on the National Action Party (PAN) ticket in

992-584: Is the library of the Universidad Iberoamericana . It is the largest library owned by a private university in Mexico . It was created in 1943 and is located in the Mexico City neighborhood of Santa Fé. This library holds almost a quarter of a million volumes (249,710 as of 2004 ) and is named after Francisco Xavier Clavigero (1731–1787), a Jesuit who was forced into exile in Bologna , Italy when

1054-555: The 2000 election . He became the first president not from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) since 1929, and the first elected from an opposition party since Francisco I. Madero in 1911. Fox won the election with 43 percent of the vote. As president, Fox continued the neoliberal economic policies his predecessors from the PRI had adopted since the 1980s. The first half of his administration saw

1116-607: The Alliance for Change , a political coalition formed by the National Action Party and the Green Ecological Party of Mexico on 14 November 1999. During the course of his campaign, a presidential debate was organized, but the three main contenders (Fox, Francisco Labastida of the PRI, and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas of the PRD) disagreed on the details. One notable disagreement, which was broadcast on national television,

1178-565: The Angel of Independence monument in Mexico City . His opponents conceded the election later that night. After securing the election, Fox received substantial media coverage, as well as numerous congratulatory messages and phone calls from world leaders, including then-President of the United States Bill Clinton . He took office on 1 December 2000, the first time since 1917 that an opposition candidate had taken power from

1240-727: The Bourbon Reforms of the Spanish crown expelled the Jesuits from its realms in 1767. Clavigero was a creole patriot and wrote an important history of Mexico, honoring its prehispanic, indigenous part. The UIA library contains hundreds of historical documents including El Sagrado Corazón del Santissimo Patriarcha Sr. San Joseph ("The Sacred Heart of the Most Holy Patriarch Mr. San Joseph") written in 1751 by José María Genovese (1681–1757). The library holds

1302-743: The Jesuit University System , a network of Jesuit-run private universities. The university was founded in 1943 by the Society of Jesus, but with the significant aid of Rodolfo Brito Foucher, the rector of the National Autonomous University of Mexico . Brito Foucher, a lawyer and head of UNAM's law faculty before becoming rector, was of the opinion that this was not counter to the Constitution of 1917 's prohibition of Catholic involvement in education, since

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1364-447: The PAN as interim governor. In the 1995 Guanajuato state election , Fox ran again, and was elected governor with over 58% of the vote. As governor, Fox promoted government efficiency and transparency. He was one of the first state governors of Mexico to give a clear, public and timely account of the finances of his state. Fox also pushed for the consolidation of small firms, promoted

1426-521: The Republican candidacy in the 2016 presidential election . In an interview with Univision 's Jorge Ramos in February 2016, Fox responded to then-candidate Trump's proposal to build a wall at the border between the United States and Mexico at Mexico's expense, declaring in English, "I am not going to pay for that fucking wall. He should pay for it. He's got the money." Fox went on to call Trump

1488-589: The Telefónica Millennial Survey. He told those in the audience that eradicating corruption "has to start with education" and that his focus is now on promoting leadership. Vicente Fox is a member of the Global Leadership Foundation , a not-for-profit organization that offers, discreetly and confidentially, a range of experienced advisors to political leaders facing difficult situations. In 2013, Fox discussed why

1550-585: The "Patronato de la Casa Cuna Amigo Daniel", an orphanage. He was also the president of the Patronato Loyola, a sponsor of the León campus of the Universidad Iberoamericana and of the Lux Institute. In 1969, Fox married Lilian de la Concha, a receptionist at Coca-Cola. They had four children, Ana Cristina, Vicente, Paulina and Rodrigo. In 1990, after 20 years of marriage, Lilian filed for and

1612-646: The 16th century been a leader in humanistic education. When Jesuits reached New Spain in 1572, their religious and educational zeal led them to create renowned teaching and research centers – such as the colleges of St. Ildefonso, Vizcainas, and St. Peter and St. Paul, to mention a few of the prestigious institutions of that time. The Ibero is part of a network of 8 Jesuit universities located in various Mexican cities which, in turn, are part of 31 Jesuit universities and colleges in Latin American and some 200 worldwide. In 1988 Universidad Iberoamericana moved to

1674-414: The Fox administration, which became characterised by a growing sense of power vacuum as Fox was increasingly perceived by Mexican society and political actors as a " lame duck " incapable of pushing the ambitious reform agenda that swept him into power in 2000. Alejandro Cacho points out that "Fox incarnated the hope of alternancy [...] and he managed to kick the PRI out of Los Pinos , but his government

1736-478: The Mexican universities. Originally called Centro Cultural Universitario, Ibero grew into a full-scale university after ten years due to the patronage of the business community which donated funds for building the campus and for guaranteeing loans as the university was being established. When the Mexican economy expanded during the 1940s to 1960s, Ibero-trained professionals who entered the private sector, many of

1798-441: The United States and an explosive increase in informal employment." Ultimately, however, Russell concluded that Fox will be viewed by history as a transitional figure who was able to defeat one of Mexico's long-entrenched political parties. In a national survey conducted in 2012 by BGC-Excelsior regarding former presidents, 32% of the respondents considered that the Fox administration was "very good" or "good", 25% responded that it

1860-516: The West has pursued a moral crusade against drugs at HowTheLightGetsIn festival in Hay-on-Wye . with Chris Bryant and John Ralston Saul . The three debated whether it is hypocritical to ban certain drugs while continuing to export others such as alcohol and tobacco, and whether to follow the lead of Washington and Colorado states in the U.S. and allow the free trading of drugs. Vicente Fox gave

1922-601: The article did not specify higher education but only primary and secondary. A key group in the founding of Ibero was former student activists from the Jesuit-directed Unión Nacional de Estudiantes Católicos  [ es ] (UNEC). The founding came at a time when church-state relations in Mexico had improved over the late 1920s during the Cristero War and in the 1930s when the government attempted to implement education toward socialism in

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1984-508: The authoritarian past of the PRI era. The second half of his administration was marked by his conflict with Andrés Manuel López Obrador , the Mayor of Mexico City . The PAN and Fox administration unsuccessfully attempted to remove López Obrador from office and prevent him from participating in the 2006 presidential elections . The Fox administration also became embroiled with diplomatic conflicts with Venezuela and Bolivia after supporting

2046-407: The country's hospitality and "was paid to come to Venezuela to promote violence and the intervention of foreign powers." Moncado said the ban came from Maduro and criticized Fox and the other former Latin American leaders invited as observers ( Andrés Pastrana , Jorge Quiroga , Laura Chinchilla and Miguel Ángel Rodríguez ) as "political sicarios," "clowns" and "mercenaries" that "sell themselves to

2108-534: The creation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas , which was opposed by those two countries. His last year in office oversaw the controversial 2006 elections , where PAN candidate Felipe Calderón was declared winner by a narrow margin over López Obrador, who claimed the elections had been fraudulent and refused to recognize the results, calling for protests across the country. In the same year, there

2170-549: The election, Fox wrote an editorial on the International Business Times website where he lamented Trump's victory and explored what Mexico could do in response. "Even though Trump is not the prettiest person in the room, we still have to dance with him. Now, we ought to look out for ourselves and find a way to work with the most powerful economy in the world, which is now led by an authoritarian racist[...]Donald Trump's promises have an expiration date. When

2232-444: The emails has raised concern, as accepting campaign donations from foreign nationals is illegal in the United States. During a September 2016 appearance on the radio show El Show de Piolín , Fox smashed a Trump piñata hanging on the streets of Los Angeles while loudly singing the traditional Piñata song. Upon breaking it open, Fox noted its lack of contents and remarked, "Empty. Totally Empty. He doesn't have any brains." Discussing

2294-414: The event during a subsequent interview with GQ , Fox expanded, "I had such a joy in my heart by doing that, because in Mexico, piñatas are very meaningful. Piñatas are a celebration. Piñatas let you send messages. And the message is: Trump is empty inside. He's empty in his head. That's why I put my hand into his head. There was no brain there. That's what he is, an empty person." The day after Trump won

2356-461: The former leaders of the UNEC served on the university's board of trustees. Ibero had the aim of promoting Catholic culture and of training elites to take leading roles in Mexican society. Ibero has trained a number of successful businessmen and politicians, including the successful presidential candidate of the National Action Party (Mexico) , Vicente Fox . The Society of Jesus has from its start in

2418-533: The highest bidder to go to various destinations and repeat what they are told." Fox said he was not surprised by the ban and that the vote would weaken Maduro. In 2018, Fox joined the High Times board of directors. He left the board in 2020 over concerns surrounding the company's stock offering. He supported Javier Milei in 2023 Argentine general election . Fox has been an outspoken critic of U.S. President Donald Trump , beginning with Trump's bid for

2480-419: The international media and troll Trump on Twitter, stating, "I'm committed to be Donald Trump's shadow until he is done with politics." Fox would later go on to congratulate President-elect Joe Biden and his victory in the 2020 United States presidential election , defeating Trump. When Trump visited Mexico on 31 August 2016 upon President Enrique Peña Nieto 's invitation, Fox slammed the visit, calling it

2542-776: The long-reigning Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). During his campaign for president, Vicente Fox became well known for his cowboy style and quirkiness. As a speaker, Fox usually attracted big crowds in the early years of his presidency. At 193 cm (6 ft 4 in), Fox easily stood out in most crowds, and is believed to be one of the tallest presidents in Mexico's history. After his inauguration, President Fox usually wore suits for formal occasions, but opted to wear his signature boots and jeans during his many visits around Mexico. Fox spread his image as one of peace and welcomed many to his own ranch in Guanajuato , Mexico. When Fox welcomed U.S. President George W. Bush to

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2604-410: The lowest points of his approval ratings were: Although Fox's victory in the 2000 election and the end of seven decades of PRI rule raised great expectations of change among the Mexican people, his administration was criticized for failing to fulfill those expectations, as little progress was made in fighting corruption, crime, poverty, unemployment and inequality. Few key reforms were implemented during

2666-545: The original sixteenth-century testaments in Nahuatl from the indigenous town of Culhuacan, published as The Testaments of Culhuacan . The library also provides database connection to and from other libraries in Mexico , Spain and Latin America . This article about a Mexican building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a library -related building or structure

2728-625: The other hand, Fox was credited with maintaining economic growth and reducing the poverty rate from 43.7% in 2000 to 35.6% in 2006. After his presidency, Fox returned to his home state of Guanajuato . He has been involved in public speaking and the development of the Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum . He is currently the co-president of the Centrist Democrat International , an international organization of centre-right political parties. Fox

2790-486: The other on the premises of La Paz College. Later space was rented in the Civil Hospital building. At first only high school studies and degrees in architecture, graphic design, and law were offered. In 1985, the cornerstone was laid for the present building. Today the university's Mexico City Campus is made up of 19 academic departments, which offer a total of 36 academic programs. Its most famous alumnus

2852-563: The overseas sales of goods manufactured in Guanajuato, and created an extensive system of small loans to allow the poor to open a changarro (a small shop) and buy a car and a television. Under Fox, Guanajuato became the fifth most important Mexican state economy. On 7 July 1997, after the opposition parties first won a majority in the Chamber of Deputies, Vicente Fox decided to run for President of Mexico . In spite of opposition within his political party, Fox secured his candidacy representing

2914-528: The political spotlight. In response, Fox has stated, "There is no reason to hold to the anti-democratic rules of those who still live in the authoritarian past . . . now that Mexico is a democracy, every citizen has the right to express himself, even a former president." Vicente Fox joined four other Latin American presidents at the One Young World Summit 2014 in Dublin , Ireland, to discuss

2976-648: The presidential election with 43% (15,989,636 votes) of the popular vote, followed by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate Francisco Labastida with 36% (13,579,718 votes), and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) with 17% (6,256,780 votes). Fox declared victory that same night, a victory that was ratified by then-President Zedillo. After the final results were announced, President-elect Fox addressed thousands of supporters and celebrated his victory with them at

3038-457: The ranch, both presidents were wearing Fox's signature black cowboy boots, prompting The Wall Street Journal to call it "The Boot Summit". When Fox took office on 1 December 2000, his approval rating neared 80%. During the rest of his presidency, his average approval rating was of 53%, while his average disapproval rating was of 40%. As seen in the graphic, after taking office the particularly high points of his approval ratings were: While

3100-525: The responsibilities and constraints of the office." Russell also asserted that Fox "had little success in fighting crime. Even though he maintained the macroeconomic stability inherited from his predecessor, economic growth barely exceeded the rate of population increase. Similarly, the lack of fiscal reform left tax collection at a rate similar to that of Haiti . . . ." Finally, Russell noted that "during Fox's administration, only 1.4 million formal-sector jobs were created, leading to massive immigration to

3162-506: The time comes to truly deliver to the American people, his "billion dollar show" will finally crumble beneath his feet," Fox wrote, concluding his editorial with, "I find quite sad that America, formerly the most open and cutting edge nation, has chosen to lock itself down inside concrete walls. It's tragic that fear, anger and wrath took over and pierced the hearts of their people. It will be hard to recover from this wound; but we better start working to heal as quickly as possible – and bring down

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3224-513: The walls that blinded us in the beginning." Fox has continued criticizing Trump on Twitter after the election. In a series of tweets in January 2017, Fox again criticized Trump's proposed Mexican border wall, calling it a "racist monument" and insisted that Mexico will never fund it, calling on Trump to "be honest with US taxpayers" about that fact. Following the release of a U.S. government intelligence report that accused Russia of interfering in

3286-588: Was a Spanish Basque immigrant from San Sebastián , Gipuzkoa . Fox's family name was originally Fuchs , but was anglicized to "Fox" at some point. His paternal grandfather, Joseph Louis Fuchs, was born in Cincinnati in 1865, attended Woodward High School and moved to Mexico at age 32. Fox spent his childhood and adolescence at the family ranch in San Francisco del Rincón in Guanajuato . Fox has polydactyly , having six toes on each foot. He spent

3348-494: Was a disappointment. Corruption persisted; in fact, his sons-in-law (the Bribiesca-Sahagún brothers) became rich quickly and without explanation. The economy wasn't much better than it had been under Ernesto Zedillo, the wages didn't increase significantly, neither did jobs. His " super cabinet " ["gabinetazo", as Fox himself referred to it] created more controversy than it did good results. His wife, Marta Sahagún , had

3410-517: Was an international observer to the unofficial Venezuelan referendum held by the opposition. During the trip, Fox gave a speech that compared the referendum to the 2000 Mexican elections. He said that "this battle has been won" and "step by step, vote by vote, the dictator will leave." He was subsequently declared a persona non grata by the Venezuelan government. Venezuelan Foreign Minister Samuel Moncada said that Fox had taken advantage of

3472-601: Was an "average" administration, and 42% responded that it was a "very bad" or "bad" administration. Since leaving office in December 2006, Fox has maintained himself in the public eye by speaking in countries such as Nigeria, Ireland, Canada, and the United States about topics such as the controversial 2006 election and the Iraq War . In Mexico, Fox has been criticized by some for his busy post-presidency since former Mexican presidents are traditionally expected to stay out of

3534-647: Was civil unrest in Oaxaca , where a teacher's strike culminated into protests and violent clashes asking for the resignation of governor Ulises Ruiz Ortiz , and in the State of Mexico during the San Salvador Atenco riots , where the state and federal governments were later found guilty by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of human rights violations during the violent repression. On

3596-681: Was elected to the federal Chamber of Deputies , representing the Third Federal District in León , Guanajuato. In 1991, after serving in the Chamber of Deputies , Fox sought the governorship in Guanajuato , but lost the disputed election to Ramón Aguirre Velázquez of the PRI . Following the election, local discontent over allegations of fraud surrounding Aguirre Velázquez's victory led the PRI candidate to decline to take office. The state congress appointed Carlos Medina Plascencia of

3658-476: Was expelled from the PAN in 2013, after having endorsed the PRI presidential candidate, Enrique Peña Nieto , in the 2012 elections . In the 2018 election , Fox endorsed the PRI candidate, José Antonio Meade . Vicente Fox was born on 2 July 1942 in Mexico City , the second of nine children. His father, José Luis Fox Pont, was a native-born Mexican of German American descent. His mother, Mercedes Quesada Etxaide,

3720-517: Was granted a divorce. Fox remarried on 2 July 2001, while serving as President of Mexico, to Marta María Sahagún Jiménez (until then his spokesperson). The wedding date was the first anniversary of his presidential election and his 59th birthday. For both Fox and Sahagún Jiménez, it was their second marriage. With the support of Manuel Clouthier , Vicente Fox joined the Partido Acción Nacional on 1 March 1988. That same year, he

3782-491: Was published in Toronto 's The Globe and Mail in which he stated that, "Legalization of not just marijuana, but all drugs, is the right thing to do." He also said that "we must be given the very freedom to decide our own behaviour and to act responsibly, as long as we do not detrimentally affect the rights of others". In 2016, Fox co-signed a letter to Ban Ki-moon calling for a more humane drug policy. In July 2017, Fox

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3844-580: Was whether the presidential debate should be held that same day or on the following Friday. During the nationally televised presidential debate, Fox's main opponent, Francisco Labastida, claimed that Fox had repeatedly called him a "sissy" and a "cross-dresser" ("la vestida", a pun on his last name). Fox's campaign slogans were "¡Ya!" ("Right now!"), "Ya ganamos" ("We've already won"), and "Vota Alianza por el Cambio" ("Vote for Alliance for Change"). In addition to some debate controversies, Fox also faced some controversy due to Amigos de Fox (Friends of Fox),

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