Misplaced Pages

#124875

71-528: Volscian is attested in an inscription found in Velitrae (Velletri), dating probably from early in the 3rd century BC; it is cut upon a small bronze plate (now in the Naples Museum ), which must have once been fixed to some votive object, dedicated to the god Declunus (or the goddess Decluna ). The language of this inscription is clear enough to show the very marked peculiarities that rank it close to

142-791: A force of Gauls which had encamped near Rome, captured the town, which surrendered without a struggle. In 340 BC the Latin cities federated in the Latin League , which had been an ally of the Romans, rebelled in what had been called the Latin War (340-338 BC). They were joined by the Campanians , the Volsci and the Roman colonies of Signa and Velitrae. After two years of fighting Rome defeated

213-458: A new colony to Norba, in the mountains, as a stronghold for the Pomptine country", which was a Volscian area near Velitrae. According to Diodorus Siculus , "the Romans increased the number of colonists in the city known as Velitrae" in 404 BC. In 385 BC, during another war between Rome and the Volsci, the Roman colonists from Circeii and Velitrae provided a contingent which fought alongside

284-544: A pantry is shown to this day as the emperor's nursery in his grandfather's country-house near Velitrae, and the opinion prevails in the neighbourhood that he was actually born there." Velletri began to decline after it was sacked by Alaric the Goth in 410 CE. It was the seat of a bishopric and, in the following century, it became an imperial city after the Byzantine reconquest of Italy. The first information about Velletri in

355-455: A piece of Umbrian text appearing in a district remote from Umbria and hemmed in by Latins on the north and Oscan-speaking Samnites on the south is a most curious feature in the geographical distribution of the Italic dialects, and is clearly the result of some complex historical movements. In seeking for an explanation we may perhaps trust, at least in part, the evidence of the ethnicon itself:

426-424: A thousand pupils. It offers courses in science and technology. Stephanus of Byzantium Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium ( Latin : Stephanus Byzantinus ; ‹See Tfd› Greek : Στέφανος Βυζάντιος , Stéphanos Byzántios ; fl.  6th century   AD) was a Byzantine grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica ( Ἐθνικά ). Only meagre fragments of

497-469: Is a vast work, with sometimes hundreds of list entries under each letter of the greek alphabet: Α – Ω . Even as an epitome, the Ethnica is of enormous value for geographical, mythological , and religious information about ancient Greece . Nearly every article in the epitome contains a reference to some ancient writer, as an authority for the name of the place. From the surviving fragments, we see that

568-546: Is an Italian comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome , approximately 40 km to the southeast of the city centre, located in the Alban Hills , in the region of Lazio , central Italy. Neighbouring communes are Rocca di Papa , Lariano , Cisterna di Latina , Artena , Aprilia , Nemi , Genzano di Roma , and Lanuvio . Its motto is: Est mihi libertas papalis et imperialis ('Liberty of pope and empire

639-573: Is given to me'). Velletri was an ancient city of the Volsci tribe. Legendarily it came into conflict with the Romans during the reign of Ancus Marcius , the fourth king of Rome; then again in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, during the early Roman Republic . Velletri was also the home of the Octavii , the paternal family of the first Roman Emperor Augustus . In the Middle Ages , it was one of

710-512: Is the result of a merger between various educational bodies. It runs courses in the classics, languages, socio-psycho- pedagogy and social sciences at high school level. The Giancarlo Vallauri Istituto Tecnico Industriale Statale is a technical school which was founded in 1960 as a branch of the Enrico Fermi Institute of Rome. It became autonomous in 1968. Since then it has had over 6000 graduates. Today, it has 50 classes and

781-1039: Is used. Besides the Aurunci and the dea Marica and the intempestaeque Graviscae ( Aeneis 10.184), we have the Ustica cubans of Horace ( Odes 1.17.1), the Hernici in the Trerus Valley , Satricum and Glanica in the Pontine Marshes . The following is the text of the Velitrae inscription: deue : declune : statom : sepis : atahus : pis : uelestrom façia : esaristrom : se : bim : asif : uesclis : uinu : arpatitu sepis : toticu : couehriu : sepu : ferom : pihom : estu ec : se : cosuties : ma : ca : tafanies : medix : sistiatiens "To

SECTION 10

#1732765791125

852-589: The Central-Northern Lazian and Neapolitan dialect. The Veliterno dialect, is often unintelligible for those who do not normally speak Italian. It is characterized by a predominance of the vowel "o" and Neapolitan expressions such as "nanny" for a father, "am dead" for dead. The first dictionary of the Velletrano dialect was published in the 1980s. The main public library in Velletri is

923-575: The Acqua de Ferrari , at 650 metres (2,130 feet), underlying Monte de Ferrari (886 metres (2,907 feet) above sea level) at Rocca di Papa , from which is part of the municipal water supply. The old town's altitude is substantially uniform from the elevation of Piazza Giuseppe Garibaldi at 339 m above sea level , the square of the Trivium at 332 metres (1,089 feet) above sea level, and Napoletana at 329 metres (1,079 feet) above sea level. The area west of

994-545: The Atti del Congresso Internazionale di Scienze Storiche , Rome, 1903, p. 17). With these names must clearly be judged the forms Etrusci and Tusci , although these forms must not be regarded as anything but the names given to the Etruscans by the folk among whom they settled. Now the historical fortune of these tribes is reflected in several of their names (see Sabini ). The Samnite and Roman conquerors tended to impose

1065-537: The Etruscan invasion; whereas the -no- tribes only reached this part of Italy, or at least only became dominant there, long after the Etruscans had settled in the Peninsula. It remains, therefore, to ask whether any information can be had about the language of this primitive -co- folk, and whether they can be identified as the authors of any of the various archaeological strata now recognized on Italian soil. If

1136-725: The Octavian family was in days of old a distinguished one at Velitrae; for not only was a street in the most frequented part of town long ago called Octavian, but an altar was shown there besides, consecrated by an Octavius. This man was leader in a war with a neighbouring town ..." This was the family of Rome's first emperor, Augustus . Augustus was born at the Ox Head, a small property on the Palatine Hill in Rome, but spent his childhood in Velitrae. Suetonius wrote that "A small room like

1207-735: The Rome-Velletri railway , inaugurated by Pius IX in 1863, and is one of the centers the Via Appia Nuova (modern Appian Way) passes through. The territory of Velletri stretches between two distinct areas. The northern part is situated on the southern foothills of the Colli Albani range and was geologically formed about 150,000 years ago, after the collapse of the Volcano Laziale (caldera). The southern boundary forms around Pontine Marshes , whose reclamation started at

1278-647: The Salt War between Pope Sixtus IV and Ferdinand of Aragon 500 Velletrani soldiers, 250 of whom were considered to be among the best Italian archers, fought with the papal army of Roberto Malatesta in the Battle of Campomorto , in a marshy area next to the territory Velletri, now in the town of Aprilia . The Pope won and the Velletrani were rewarded for their faithfulness by the Holy See . In 1512, Velletri

1349-672: The Wehrmacht was stationed at Velletri. The U.S. General Mark Wayne Clark ordered the May 25 offensive against the Caesar line facing strong resistance. The 36th U.S. Infantry Division commanded by General Fred Walker spotted a flaw in the German defenses on Mount Artemisio between Velletri and Valmontone. Between 30 and 31 May 1944, the 142nd and 143rd regiments penetrated the German defenses at Monte Artemisio, and on June 1 Velletri fell, followed

1420-424: The 11th century. Until the 18th century, Velletri survived as parallel forms of Blitri and Belitri. During his reign (642–617 BC), Ancus Marcius , the fourth king of Rome, came into conflict with the Volsci because the latter plundered Roman territory. He besieged the Velitrae, which was a Volscian town. The elders of the town surrendered and promised "to make good the damage they had done" and "agreed to deliver up

1491-604: The Biblioteca Comunale (Municipal Library) Augusta Tersenghi. It has several book collections assembled by individuals from the 18th century and is an integral part of SBCR (Library System of the Castelli Romani). In 1999–2000, 10,090 children attended schools of all levels in the area of Velletri: The first schools for children in Velletri had very old roots. The Conservatorio di zitelle per l'educazione della fanciulle (conservatory for old maids and for

SECTION 20

#1732765791125

1562-560: The Counts of Tusculum, including the fortress of Lariano next to Velletri. In 1084, Robert Guiscard marched against Rome and passed through Velletri, meeting resistance from residents, who were rewarded by the Pope in 1101, with a Breve that gave very broad boundaries to the Veliterna community. In the 13th century, Velletri was administered in the form of a republic. It was governed by

1633-478: The Great Council, composed of consuls, who were then replaced by a council of novemviri (nine men), a mayor with supervisory functions, constables who were military leaders, and a podestà who had judicial duties. Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261), former bishop of Velletri, ordered during his pontificate to bring the relics of Velletri holy martyrs Pontian and Eleuterio to be preserved in the crypt beneath

1704-639: The Middle Ages is dated 465 by Adeodato, the bishop of the city. Between the 5th and 6th century, the Veliterna diocese became increasingly important. In 592, Pope Gregory I brought together the Diocese of Tres Tabernae in Velletri. In the 10th century, Velletri fell under the rule of the Counts of Tusculum (981). The entire area of the Alban Hills and the Monti Prenestini was dominated by

1775-659: The Romans. In 1353 the Trivium Tower was opened. It was a symbol of the city of Velletri. In 1408, Ladislaus of Naples occupied Velletri during his attempt to conquer the Papal States . In 1434, during the struggle against the Colonna and Savelli families, Pope Eugene IV razed the castle of Lariano with the assistance of 800 Velletrani soldiers. The land of Castellana was granted to Velletri, and remained merged with Velletri until 1967. On April 21, 1482, during

1846-684: The Royal Normal School was opened in 1874. A College of the Society of Jesus was established in Velletri by the papal bull of Pope Pius IX , Quod Divina Sapientia on April 7, 1851. The Royal Normal School was established at Velletri by royal decree of September 23, 1872, to meet the need for better training for primary school teachers in the province of Rome. In 1891 the school was named after Clemente Cardinali (1789–1839), an archaeologist and intellectual from Velletri. The Antonio Mancinelli Falconi-Dante Institute of Further Education

1917-475: The Scaptia and Maecia respectively, thus obtaining Roman citizenship. During the Roman period, several patricians built several villas in Velitrae. Inscriptions recorded that the city had a basilica, an amphitheater and a theater. Livy noted that the city had the shrines of the gods Apollo and Sangus. Velitrae was also a noted center for wine production. Suetonius wrote: "There are many indications that

1988-462: The Volsci. The Romans found out about this because there were men from Velitrae among the prisoners they captured in a battle they won against the Volsci. They were sent to Rome and questioned. This "in no uncertain terms laid bare the defection of their respective peoples". The colonists sent envoys to Rome "to clear themselves of the charge of joining in the Volscian war and to ask for the release of

2059-415: The captives, that they might punish them in accordance with their own laws". Their request was denied. They received a rebuke and an order to leave the city. In 382 BC two of the military tribunes with consular power for that year, Spurius and Lucius Papirius, marched on Velitrae. They won a battle near the town in which "auxiliaries from Praeneste almost outnumbered the colonists". The enemy took refuge in

2130-466: The cathedral. In 1342, Nicola Caetani besieged Velletri. However, the city resisted until the arrival of reinforcements from Rome. In exchange for this help, the city had to undergo the appointment of a mayor appointed by Rome. This kind of vassalage lasted until 1374 when, following an agreement, the Podestà would be elected every six months. The first four times the choice would be directly ratified by

2201-777: The center of the conflict which followed the Anglo-American landing at Anzio (22 January 1944) during the Second World War . While the Gustav Line at Cassino and the Hitler Line at Pontecorvo were falling to the enemy the Germans created a third fortified line, the Caesar Line, which stretched between Torvaianica , Lanuvio , Velletri, Artena , and Valmontone . The First Division paratroopers of

Volscian language - Misplaced Pages Continue

2272-621: The change of *velos- to *volus- is phonetically regular in Latin. The name Marica ("goddess of the salt-marshes") among the Aurunci appears also both on the coast of Picenum and among the Ligurians; and Stephanus of Byzantium identified the Osci with the Siculi, who, there is reason to suspect, were kinsmen of the Ligures. It is remarkable in how many marshy places this -co- or -ca- suffix

2343-423: The city aqueduct , which was built in the 17th century by the engineer Giovanni Fontana. The aqueduct was destroyed during a war in late 1744 and repaired by the engineer Girolamo Romani in 1842–1845. Notable fountains are: Notable buildings are: When Velletri was a Volscian town it was surrounded by massive walls. However, they were razed to the ground in 338 BC as a punishment after the final Roman conquest of

2414-501: The city and the tribunes "abstained from attacking the place; they were not certain of succeeding, nor did they think it right to aim at the extermination of the colony". In 380 BC the Romans stormed Velitrae and then moved on to fight other enemies. In 370 BC the colonists of Velitrae made several incursions into Roman territory and also besieged Tusculum . The Romans drove them form Tusculum and besieged Velitrae. The siege lasted until 367 BC when Marcus Furius Camillus , after defeating

2485-502: The city. The walls were not rebuilt until the Middle Ages. In the Middle Ages , Velletri was surrounded by mighty castle walls which originally had six gates: Porta Fura, Porta del Pontone, Porta Santa Martina (o Portella), Porta Lucia, Porta Romana, and Porta Napoletana . In the 16th century, the city strengthened the walls by closing certain gates and keeping only three of them: Porta Lucia, Porta Napoletana, and Porta Romana . They were: The War Memorial, designed by Emanuele Cannigia

2556-466: The conclusions suggested under Sabini may be accepted as sound we should expect to find the Volsci speaking a language similar to that of the Ligures , whose fondness for the suffix -sco- has been noticed, and identical with that spoken by the plebeians of Rome, and that this branch of Indo-European was among those that preserved the original Indo-European Velars from the labialization that befell them in

2627-736: The definitive end of the free municipality. In the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748), the troops of the Spanish-Nepolitan Bourbons won the Battle of Velletri , fought against Austrian Habsburgs in Velletri and its surroundings. After the French Revolution, Velletri rebelled and it was proclaimed a Republic. Later it changed sides and 900 of its citizens resisted in Castel Gandolfo

2698-464: The dictionary survive, but the epitome is extant, compiled by one Hermolaus , not otherwise identified. Nothing is known about the life of Stephanus, except that he was a Greek grammarian who was active in Constantinople , and lived after the time of Arcadius and Honorius , and before that of Justinian II . Later writers provide no information about him, but they do note that the work

2769-578: The diphthongs and palatals) corrupted by the speech around them, just as was the case with the Sabine language of the Iguvini, whose very name became Iguvinates , the suffix -ti- being much more frequent among the -co- tribes than among the Sabines. The name Volsci itself is significant not merely in its suffix; the older Volusci clearly contains the word meaning marsh identical with Gr. helos , since

2840-529: The education of young girls) and the istituto di Suore Orsoline (institute of the Orsoline Nuns) were founded in 1690 and 1695 respectively. They merged in 1713 and continued to exist until 1870. The Maestre Pie Venerini teachers opened their house in 1744. An Institute of the Brothers of Christian Schools was founded in 1836 and disbanded in 1850 due to lack of facilities. A primary school conjoined with

2911-454: The few " free cities " in Lazio and central Italy. It was the site of two historic battles in 1744 and 1849. During the Second World War , it was at the centre of fierce fighting between the Germans and the allies in 1944 after the Anglo-American landing at Anzio . Today, Velletri is home to a circuit court and a prison, in addition to several colleges and high schools. It is the terminus of

Volscian language - Misplaced Pages Continue

2982-502: The fine was paid". The town was repopulated with colonists who were settled on the lands of the senators. Livy recorded that in 332 BC new Roman citizens were assessed in the census of that year and registered into two new Roman tribes (local administrative districts where Roman citizens were registered). These two new Roman tribes were the Maecia and Scaptia. According to Cornell and Oakley, Velitrae and Lanuvium were incorporated into

3053-566: The form of their own ethnicon, namely the suffix -no- , upon the tribes they conquered; hence the Marruci became the Marrucini, the Sarici became Aricini , and it seems at least probable that the forms Sidicini, Carecini, and others of this shape are the results of this same process. The conclusion suggested is that these -co- tribes occupied the centre and west coast of Italy at the time of

3124-593: The goddess Declona this is decreed. If anyone will have snatched [some foliage or firewood] for himself, even if it were [for] a sacrifice, it will be a violation. Let [the guilty one] place in arrangement an ox and coins for the jars and for the wine. If anyone (will have taken the foliage or firewood) with the approval of the public assembly, the carrying away will be without violation. Egnatus Cossutius, son of Seppius and Marcus Tafanius, son of Gavius, magistrates, established [this]". Translation by Blanca María Prósper: "If someone has committed an act of destruction affecting

3195-692: The growth of the town even after the transition to the Kingdom of Italy . In 1913, the Tramvie dei Castelli Romani tram line reached Velletri, connecting it directly to Rome and the rest of the Castelli Romani area until 1953. In 1927, the fascist regime instituted the National Grape and Wine Festival, which is still celebrated today in October. in the last days of May 1944 Velletri was at

3266-400: The guilty to be punished". Ancus Marcius "concluded a treaty of peace and friendship". In 494 BC, a war between Rome and the Volsci broke out. The Roman consul Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus was sent to fight the Volsci. He defeated them and " pursued their enemies beyond it to Velitrae, where vanquished and victors burst into the city in one body. More blood was shed there, in

3337-510: The language of the Iguvine Tables . It shows on the one hand the labialization of the original velar q (Volscian pis = Latin quis ), and on the other hand it palatalizes the guttural c before a following i (Volscian façia Latin faciat ). Like Umbrian also, but unlike Latin and Oscan , it has changed all the diphthongs into simple vowels (Volscian se parallel to Oscan svai ; Volscian deue , Old Latin and Oscan deiuai or deiuoi ). This phenomenon of what might have been taken for

3408-483: The latter includes a passage from the comic poet Alexis on the Seven Largest Islands . Another respectable fragment, from the article Δύμη to the end of Δ , exists in a manuscript of the Fonds Coislin , the library formed by Pierre Séguier . The first modern printed edition of the work was published by the Aldine Press in Venice in 1502. The complete standard edition is still that of August Meineke (1849, reprinted at Graz, 1958), and by convention, references to

3479-414: The name Volsci belongs to what may be called the -co- group of tribal names in the centre, and mainly on the west coast, of Italy, all of whom were subdued by the Romans before the end of the 4th century BC; and many of whom were conquered by the Samnites about a century or more earlier. They are, from south to north, Osci , Aurunci , Hernici , Marruci , Falisci ; with these were no doubt associated

3550-488: The next day by Valmontone and on 3 June by Lanuvio and Castelli Romani. Velletri and its most important monuments were virtually destroyed; the Tower of the Trivium at the Palazzo Comunale and Palazzo Ginnetti were never rebuilt. Despite the evacuation order of German military authorities, there were civilian casualties. The rebuilding of Velletri continued despite a devolution in 1967 granted independent municipal status to Lariano . The Suburbicarian See of Velletri-Segni

3621-418: The north. The climate is very rainy, with an annual average of 1,400 to 1,500 mm (55 to 59 in) precipitation, making it the rainiest city of Lazio and one of the most rainy cities in Italy. Humid currents from the southwest facing the Mont Artemisio condense all the rain on Velletri, leaving clouds restricted to the northern side of the Colli Albani . It snows rarely. The Latin term for " swamp "

SECTION 50

#1732765791125

3692-589: The original contained considerable quotations from ancient authors, besides many interesting particulars, topographical, historical, mythological, and others. Stephanus cites Artemidorus , Polybius , Aelius Herodianus , Herodotus , Thucydides , Xenophon , Strabo and other writers. He is the only writer to cite a lost work attributed to Sophaenetus . The chief fragments remaining of the original work are preserved by Constantine Porphyrogennetos in De Administrando Imperio , ch. 23 (the article Ίβηρίαι δύο ) and De thematibus , ii. 10 (an account of Sicily );

3763-414: The original inhabitants of Aricia and of Sidicinum, of Vescia among the Aurunci, and of Labici close to Hernican territory. The same formative element appears in the adjective Mons Massicus , and the names Glanica and Marica belonging to the Auruncan district, with Graviscae in south Etruria, and a few other names in central Italy (see " I due strati nella popolazione Indo-Europea dell'Italia Antica, " in

3834-422: The promiscuous slaughter of all sorts of people, than had been in the battle itself. A very few were granted quarter, having come without arms and given themselves up." The Volsci "were deprived of the Veliternian land; colonists were sent from [Rome] to Velitrae and a colony was planted". In 492 BC, while the Volsci were affected by an epidemic, "the Romans increased the number of colonists at Velitrae and sent out

3905-436: The rebels. Velitrae was punished harshly. Her walls were demolished. Her senators were exiled beyond the River Tiber (that, is, they were interned in a foreign land; the Tiber was the border between Latium and Etruria ). It was decreed that if a Veliternian senator crossed this river, "his redemption should be set at a thousand pounds of bronze, and that he who had captured him might not release his prisoner from bondage until

3976-411: The recently restored Gardens of St. Mary, in the suburbs towards Nettuno , which has an ice skating rink, fountains and a bar, and the Muratori Park. The official language of Velletri is obviously Italian, while the Veliterno dialect (called Velletrano) is more commonly spoken. It is distinguished from neighboring dialects of the Castelli Romani area and the Roman dialect because it is more akin to

4047-426: The republican period. It is unique because it had pointed arches, and a mosaic . The area currently is private property. Another Roman cistern was discovered in 1982 along the ancient route of the Appian Way in Capanna Murata. The main urban green area is the Giardino Comunale (Municipal Garden) in via Orti Ginnetti. It previously was the Villa Ginnetti and the Ginnetti Allotments (Orti). There are other green areas:

4118-780: The restoration of the Civic Archaeological Museum and of the Diocesan Museum. On 14 June 2001, Mario Pepe of the Chamber of Deputies presented a bill on the establishment of the province of the Castelli Romani with Velletri as its capital . In the proposal the following municipalities would be part of the new province: Albano Laziale , Anzio , Ardea , Ariccia , Artena , Carpineto Romano , Castel Gandolfo , Cave, Colleferro , Colonna, Gavignano , Genazzano , Genzano di Roma , Grottaferrata , Lanuvio , Lariano , Marino, Monte Compatri , Montelanico , Monte Porzio Catone , Nemi , Nettuno , Olevano Romano , Palestrina , Pomezia , Rocca di Papa , Rocca Priora , San Cesareo , San Vito Romano , Valmontone , Velletri, and Zagarolo . Velletri

4189-472: The sacred hoard of the goddess Declona, (then) whoever makes up for it, vindicating his superior right to do so, should besprinkle (it) (pour a libation) with vessels of food and with wine. If anyone (does this) with the consent of the public assembly (or: in public, with the knowledge of the curial priest), let the procedure be considered lawful". Velitrae Velletri ( Italian: [velˈleːtri] ; Latin : Velitrae ; Volscian : Velester )

4260-408: The siege by Joachim Murat . The Republic lasted until 1814. Garibaldi won a battle with the Bourbon Neapolitan force at Velletri, but the victory was short-lived as the Roman Republic was overwhelmed soon after this. A telegraph line reached Velletri in 1856. In 1866, Pope Pius IX opened the Roma-Velletri railway, the third rail of the Papal States and one of the first in Italy. This helped

4331-438: The speech of the Samnites. The language of the inscription of Velitrae offers at first sight a difficulty from this point of view, in the conversion it shows of q to p , but the ethnicon of Velitrae is Veliternus , and the people are called on the inscription itself Velestrom (genitive plural); so nothing prevents assuming there was a settlement of Sabines among the Volscian hills, with their language, to some extent, (e.g., in

SECTION 60

#1732765791125

4402-408: The structure of the Church of the St. Francis in 1784, and are kept at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples . The site of the Villa degli Ottavi, sub-urban residence of the gens Octavia and Augustus , the only Roman villa it the Velletri area, was identified outside the village of San Cesareo. Carefully excavated, the site shows evidence of a 15.05 x 13.20 m three- nave Roman cistern of

4473-647: The time of Pope Pius VI and was accomplished during the regime of Benito Mussolini . According to the classification given by the Geological Survey of Italy, much of the territory consists of ground-type LPS, or paleosols , the rest is mainly composed of soils lp, lapilli, argillificate, Mafic, and leucite analcimizzata. The Seismic classification of Velletri's territory is Zone 2 (medium-high seismicity). The territory of Velletri collects water run off from many streams. These streams, most of them torrential in character or small in scale, are known as fossi . Main fossi include: Other water sources include

4544-410: The walled city is a bit higher at San Lorenzo reaching 372 m (1,220 ft) above sea level . The remainder of the territory to the south and west is basically flat except for small hills that do not exceed 300 m (984 ft) above sea level. The climate of Velletri is mild, due to the Tyrrhenian Sea not being far, and to the protection offered by the Alban Hills and Mount Artemisio in

4615-494: Was Velia , corresponding to the Greek "ουελια" ( "Velia"). From this root came the place name Velestrom, the place next to a swamp or marsh, was probably used by Volsci to call old Velletri. The Romans named it after the same city Velitrae, hence the Greek Ουελιτραι ("Ouelitrai"), Ουελιτρα ("Ouelitra") or Βελιτρα ("Belitra"). In the Middle Ages, at least six naming variants (Velletrum, Veletrum, Veletra, Velitrum, Bellitro, Villitria) are attested by various official acts until

4686-480: Was chosen as the provincial capital because of its central position, which confirmed "the role and the strategic importance of Velletri". The budget allocated to the province, once established, was 460 million lire. On 23 September 2007, Pope Benedict XVI , who as Cardinal Bishop had the title of Velletri-Segni, visited Velletri celebrating a Mass in Piazza San Clemente. There are numerous public fountains in Velletri, some of them monumental. They are all served by

4757-406: Was created. New schools and cultural centers were built. The new seat of the Tribunal, the Cadets Battalion NCO of the Carabinieri , the Regiment of Cadets Brigadier Marshals, and new prison were established. In 2000, the new library called Biblioteca Comunale Augusto Tersenghi was inaugurated. here were also the opening of the Teatro di Terra (1995), the reopening of the Ugo Tognazzi Theater and

4828-450: Was imprisoned in (Castel Sant'Angelo), forcing Velletri to pay 15,000 crowns in municipal lands, 12,600 crowns in installments, and provide more than 6,000 rubbia lime and 15,000 tiles to repair the damage done to Marino. Mercenaries of the Colonnas took up lots in Velletri. In 1589, Pope Sixtus V dissolved the civilian government, but Pope Gregory XIV ordered the reunification of the two powers (papal and civilian) in 1591, thus sealing

4899-458: Was inaugurated on June 2, 1927, in before King Victor Emmanuel III . It is located in a corner of Piazza Giuseppe Garibaldi. The Oreste Nardini Civic Archeological Museum of Velletri, has noteworthy works from protohistoric to the medieval period. The existence of a Roman amphitheatre in Velitrae is attested to by a curve in area adjacent to the Town Hall and an inscription found in the 1565. The bronze sheets of Velletri were found within

4970-463: Was later reduced to an epitome by a certain Hermolaus, who dedicated his epitome to Justinian; whether the first or second emperor of that name is meant is disputed, but it seems probable that Stephanus flourished in Byzantium in the earlier part of the sixth century AD, under Justinian I . Stephanos' work, originally written in Greek , takes the form of an alphabetical dictionary or encyclopedia of geographical toponymns , ethnonymns etc. It

5041-442: Was still an independent City-state . The city government was administered by the Priora , which had replaced the novemviri . In November 1526, a contingent from Velletri sent by Pope Clement VII contributed to the rainge the castle of Marino , a fiefdom of the Colonna family , who at the time were enemies of the Pope and allies of Spain . Following this, Ascanio Colonna , the lord of Marino, sacked Rome of May 7, 1527. The Pope

#124875