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99-525: Yellowhead Trail is a 24.6-kilometre (15.3 mi) expressway segment of the Yellowhead Highway ( Highway 16 ) in northern Edmonton , Alberta , Canada. It carries a significant amount of truck traffic to and from the industrial areas of north Edmonton and serves as a key commuter route for the bedroom communities of Stony Plain , Spruce Grove , and Sherwood Park , carrying nearly 80,000 vehicles per weekday in 2015. A suburban bypass of

198-493: A contiguous highway number for its entire length. Interchanges were opened at 184 Street in 2004 and 156 Street in 2007. Due to heavy traffic volume, much of which is large trucks, Edmonton sought funding to upgrade Highway 16 within the bounds of Anthony Henday Drive to a freeway. In 2016, the city unveiled plans for a $ 1 billion freeway upgrade to the expressway, eliminating at-grade intersections and constructing new interchanges. Construction began in 2019 and

297-463: A day to Calgary with Viscount propjets. Pacific Western was operating regional services from the airport in 1959 with Curtiss C-46 and Douglas DC-4 prop aircraft to a number of Canadian destinations located north of Edmonton including Fort McMurray , Fort Smith , Fort Resolution , Fort Vermilion , Hay River , Inuvik , Norman Wells , Peace River , Uranium City , and Yellowknife . By 1964, Pacific Western had expanded its domestic service from

396-533: A diamond interchange at 50 Street. A freeway section ensues; the speed limit increases to 100 km/h (62 mph) as the road curves slightly southeast past Beacon Heights en route to an interchange at Victoria Trail before descending across the North Saskatchewan River near Beverly on the Clover Bar and Beverly Bridges , each three lanes wide. Climbing from the river valley,

495-549: A fairly recent addition to a complex network of roads. China's first expressway was built in 1988. Until 1993, very few expressways existed. The network is expanding rapidly after 2000. In 2011, 11,000 kilometres (6,800 mi) of expressways were added to the network. The Expressways of Pakistan are a network of multiple-lane, high-speed highways in Pakistan, which are owned, maintained and operated federally by Pakistan's National Highway Authority . They are one class lower than

594-657: A free-flow bypass was identified, initially proposed when the City of Edmonton commissioned the 1963 Metro Edmonton Transportation Study (METS). The plan proposed a downtown freeway loop with feeder routes, including an eastern approach via 98 Avenue , a northeastern approach parallel to Fort Road , and a western approach, known as the Jasper Freeway, via the MacKinnon Ravine and 100 Avenue which would have directly connected with Highway 16 west. In

693-532: A group called "Envision Edmonton" organized numerous initiatives to lobby against the City Centre Airport's closure. Envision Edmonton, and other critics of the proposal, circulated a petition in 2010 which garnered over 70,000 signatures, organized protests, and supported pro-airport candidates in Edmonton's 2010 municipal election . The petition, which would have forced a municipal plebiscite on

792-476: A large lake. The Town Centre and Civic Plaza will accommodate various businesses, markets, shops, and two LRT stations. Construction is currently under way on stage one of the development, which will contain up to 500 homes. Energy Centre One, a district energy sharing system , went online in September 2019; its geo-exchange field, which contains boreholes drilled approximately 150 m (490 ft) into

891-581: A maximum design speed of more than 60 km/h (37 mph), excluding pedestrian, bicycle, moped or tractor traffic. Oversized vehicles are banned. The construction of transregional Kraftfahrstraßen highways ( Autostraßen ) rank below the standard of German autobahns . With regard to the general German speed limits , on roads with lanes separated by a median or with a minimum of two marked lanes per direction, an advisory speed limit ( Richtgeschwindigkeit ) of 130 km/h (81 mph) applies. At-grade intersections are admissible, regulation at junctions

990-682: A noted fighter pilot in World War II. It later was known as the Edmonton Municipal Airport , then as Edmonton Industrial Airport , and then Edmonton City Centre Airport (ECCA), finally ending as Blatchford Field at Edmonton City Centre Airport. Over the years, the IATA airport code "YXD" continued to be used for the airport by all of the airlines serving the airfield. The airport was closed in November 2013, and as of 2018 ,

1089-418: A pair of CF-18 fighter jets from performing a touch-and-go landing as the ceremonial last takeoff. Shortly afterwards, ERAA placed barricades on runway 12/30 to prevent access, and markers were placed to clearly signal to pilots that it was closed. On February 21, 2015, a Pipistrel Virus aircraft C-FCDZ flying over the site of the airport suffered a propeller failure, resulting in an unplanned landing on

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1188-485: A phased closure of the airport. The Alberta Aviation Museum and some non-aviation institutions were to remain, with some land transferred to Northern Alberta Institute of Technology , and the rest converted to a primarily residential development. The north–south runway, runway 16/34, was to be the first runway closed. The closure was postponed until after the Indy and Airfest events of 2010. On August 3, 2010, runway 16/34

1287-850: A space that is not accessible to vehicles, the drivers may not drive on the lane opposite to them. In Croatia , the term brza cesta (lit. "fast road") is used to describe a motor vehicle-only road, usually grade-separated , without an emergency lane , with a speed limit of 110 km/h (68 mph), although it can be lowered, usually to 70 or 90 km/h (43 or 56 mph). They range from 2+2 lane dual carriageways with grade-separated intersections and 110 km/h (68 mph) speed limit ( D2 in Osijek ), four or six-lane urban streets with at-grade intersections with traffic lights ( D1 in Karlovac ) or two-lane single carriageways with grade-separated intersections ( D33 in Šibenik ). They are either

1386-610: A standalone state road ( D10 ) or a part of one (Southern Osijek bypass, D2 ). Some portions of motorways are expressways since they are either in construction ( A8 between Pazin and Matulji ) or designed as such ( A7 in Rijeka ). As a rule, the expressways are not tolled, however major tunnels on expressways are tolled. Expressways in the Czech Republic ( Czech : Silnice pro motorová vozidla , are defined as dual carriageways with smaller emergency lane. The speed limit

1485-459: A week with continuing service to Okinawa and Manila or Taipei depending on the day of the week. By the late 1950s, three Canadian-based airlines were providing primary scheduled passenger air service at the airport: major air carriers Canadian Pacific Air Lines (which would become CP Air) and Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA, which would become Air Canada ) as well as regional air carrier Pacific Western Airlines (PWA). In 1959, Canadian Pacific

1584-461: Is 100 km/h (summertime) and 80 km/h (wintertime). On motorways the speed limits are 120 and 100 km/h respectively. Especially during winter the speed limits can be changed due to weather conditions. A Kraftfahrstrasse ( German for "motor-power road", also colloquially called Schnellstraße , literally "fast road") in Germany is any road with access limited to motor vehicles with

1683-594: Is 110 km/h (70 mph). Expressway road signs are white on blue. In Denmark , a 'motortrafikvej' ( Danish for "motor traffic road") is a high-speed highway with a speed limit between 80–90 km/h (50–56 mph). The most common 'motortrafikvej' has two lanes (1+1) or 2+1. There is no grade intersections. The signs for 'motortrafikvej' have white text on blue background. In Finland , highways are separated into three categories: all-access valtatie ("main road"), limited-access moottoriliikennetie ("motor traffic road") and finally moottoritie ("motorway");

1782-404: Is a public road, the beginning of which is indicated by the first signboard (F9) and the end by the second sign (F11). An important difference with an autosnelweg is that crossroads as well as traffic lights can be on an autoweg . In Belgium there is no specific speed regulation for an autoweg . Only motor vehicles and their trailers (with the exception of mopeds), agricultural vehicles and

1881-487: Is accessed via cross roads or frontage roads , while minor roads can cross at grade and farms can have direct access. This definition is also used by some states, some of which also restrict freeways only to motor vehicles capable of maintaining a certain speed. Some other states use "controlled access" to mean a higher standard than "limited access", while others reverse the two terms. While Australia 's larger capital cities feature controlled-access highway networks,

1980-450: Is also set to begin between St. Albert Trail and 97 Street, as well as between Fort Road and 50 Street. This will include the elimination of all remaining at-grade crossings, straightening of the alignment north of the former City-Centre Airport lands and the construction of new shoulders, service roads and interchanges at 127 Street, 121 Street and 66 Street. Limited-access road The first implementation of limited-access roadways in

2079-643: Is between 50–70 km/h (31–43 mph) and in rural and desert areas between 90–110 km/h (56–68 mph). The term Expressway as used in English in Japan refers to both freeway -style highways and narrower, more winding, often undivided Regional High-Standard Highways 地域高規格道路 ( ちいきこうきかくどうろ ) . Both types of expressways have a combined length of 10,021 km (6,227 mi) as of April 2012. Limited-access roads in Malaysia usually, but not always, take

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2178-679: Is planned for completion in late 2027. Designated as Highway 16 in all four provinces it traverses, the Yellowhead Highway is an interprovincial route that runs from the Pacific coast of British Columbia through Alberta and Saskatchewan into Manitoba , ending in Winnipeg. It enters Alberta at Yellowhead Pass, travelling east into the Edmonton Capital Region as a four-lane rural divided highway that adopts

2277-431: Is reduced to 110 km/h for vehicles under 3.5 tons, and 70 km/h for vehicles over 3.5 tons. In Hungary there are multiple types of dual carriageways. One part is almost identical with motorways, but the driving lanes are narrower. Parameters of a 2+2 lane dual carriageway off-habitat area: Parameters of a 2+2 lane dual carriageway in habitat (town/city) area: There are also semi-motorways with only one side of

2376-502: Is scheduled to be completed by 2026/2027. As of mid-2023, Yellowhead Trail east of 50 Street has been widened from two to three lanes, with the interchange at Victoria Trail having been reconfigured. Conversion to freeway standards west of St. Albert Trail is scheduled to be completed by the end of 2023, which will see the removal of all at-grade crossings, particularly at 142 and 149 Streets. Access to these streets will be provided by right-in/right-out service roads. In 2023/2024, construction

2475-515: Is usually provided by traffic lights or roundabouts . U-turns and any deliberate stopping are prohibited. Kraftfahrstraßen are out of bounds to pedestrians , except for special crosswalks. Expressways in Hungary are called Autóút (Auto/car road). They are mostly dual carriageways. The main difference between Hungarian motorways and expressways is, that they are more cheaply built with narrower width and often undivided. Maximum speed limit

2574-533: The Boeing 737-200 . As noted above, these 737 flights were initially operated by Pacific Western Airlines followed by its successor Canadian Airlines (formerly CP Air ) from the initial purchase of these aircraft in the late 1960s up until the merger of Pacific Western with Canadian, with the latter continuing to operate 737 flights into the airport. Pacific Western flew its "Chieftain Airbus" shuttle service between

2673-639: The Canadian National Railway , veering slightly northeast into the Armstrong Industrial Area. It intersects 170 Street at another diamond interchange, then bends east past the Hawin Park Estate, and Dominion industrial areas of northwest Edmonton. After an interchange at 156 Street, the road meets 149 Street at-grade before curving east to an interchange at St. Albert Trail, which ends

2772-692: The Indian National Highway System on which they are the highest class of road. The National Highways Development Project is underway to add an additional 18,637 km (11,580 mi) of expressways to the network by the year 2023. Expressways in Iran are one class lower than freeways and are used in large urban areas such as Isfahan , Mashhad , or Tehran and between other important cities (Usually two province capitals) in rural and desert areas. The speed limit in Urban areas

2871-658: The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) established No. 16 Elementary Flying Training School (EFTS), operated by the Edmonton Flying Club; this school was closed on July 17, 1942, to allow for an expansion of No. 2 Air Observer School. Upon winding down of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, No. 2 AOS was closed on July 14, 1944. On 1 October 1955, all RCAF squadrons and support units were transferred to

2970-605: The concurrency and adopts the Highway ;2 designation by carrying it north into St. Albert . East of St. Albert Trail, the expressway passes north of the Sherbrooke and Prince Charles neighbourhoods and intersects 127 and 121 Streets at-grade, running between Canadian National's Walker Yard and a large area formerly occupied by the Edmonton City Centre Airport . Following

3069-1077: The federal government . Notable examples of limited-access roads are the Federal Highway , Skudai Highway , Gelugor Highway , Kuantan Bypass and Kuching Bypass . Limited-access roads in Singapore are formally known as semi-expressways (in contrast to controlled-access highways which are known as expressways ). While still functioning as high-speed roads, semi-expressways may still have at-grade intersections with traffic lights , and speed limits are not uniform. Grade separation is, however, still typical at major junctions. Five roads have been designated as semi-expressways: Bukit Timah Road , Jurong Island Highway , Nicoll Highway , Outer Ring Road System and West Coast Highway . Motorways in South Korea (자동차 전용 도로, jadongcha jeonyong doro , literally 'motor vehicle-only road') include various grades of highways other than expressways . Contrary to

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3168-551: The "Javelin Jet-Prop") on many of its flights from the airport and had also introduced its "Chieftain Airbus" shuttle service linking Edmonton and Calgary operated with Douglas DC-6 propliners with six round trip nonstop flights a day between the two cities. According to the June 24, 1968 Pacific Western system timetable, Douglas DC-6 and DC-6B passenger aircraft as well as all-cargo Douglas DC-4 aircraft were also being operated by

3267-490: The "new" RCAF Station Namao . Blatchford Field was turned over to the Edmonton municipal government and became the commercial Edmonton City Centre (Blatchford Field) Airport. During this period, in about 1942, the aerodrome was listed at 53°34′N 113°31′W  /  53.567°N 113.517°W  / 53.567; -113.517 with a variation 25 degrees E and elevation of 2,185 ft (666 m). The facility

3366-539: The April 28, 1985 Pacific Western system timetable, in addition to its nonstop flights to Calgary the airline was operating direct, no change of plane 737 jet service from the airport to the Canadian destinations of Vancouver, Toronto, Winnipeg, Regina , Saskatoon, Cranbrook, Fort McMurray, Kamloops, Kelowna and Penticton. Pacific Western had become an all-jet air carrier with a fleet of 737 aircraft at this time. Time Air

3465-502: The City of Edmonton decided to keep ECCA open and operate both airports. In Edmonton's 1992 municipal election , the City of Edmonton held a plebiscite, the Edmonton Municipal Airport Referendum. The result of the referendum was that Bylaw No. 10,205, which kept ECCA open to all traffic that the field could legally handle, was approved with a vote of 54%. In the 1995 election , a second plebiscite

3564-617: The Edmonton - Calgary nonstop route: Air Canada operating McDonnell Douglas DC-9 Series 30 jets with two flights on weekdays and Time Air operating de Havilland Canada Dash 7 turboprops with three flights on weekdays for a combined total of 23 flights every weekday operated by the three airlines. In contrast, there were only four nonstop jet flights every weekday from Calgary to Edmonton International Airport (YEG) at this same time in 1985: one flight each respectively operated by Air Canada and CP Air and two flights operated by Pacific Western. Also in contrast at this same time, there

3663-531: The February 1, 1987 Continental timetable, the respective routings of these flights were YXD-YYC-DFW-IAH and YXD-YYC-IAH, and both services were operated with Continental flight numbers. By 1995, three different airlines were operating a combined total of up to 32 nonstop flights a day from the airport to Calgary according to the Official Airline Guide (OAG). Canadian Airlines International

3762-546: The M31 Hume Highway between Sydney and Melbourne, are almost all limited-access highways. In spite of this, 'freeway' terminology is used on signage for most regional limited access highways in the state of Victoria . The terms Motorway and Expressway in New Zealand both encompass multi-lane divided freeways as well as narrower 2 to 4-lane undivided expressways with varying degrees of grade separation ;

3861-802: The Mayor of Edmonton, Kenny Blatchford , had played a key role in establishing the airport in 1927. Blatchford's son, Howard Blatchford , became a fighter ace in WWII. Wiley Post landed at the airport during both of his circumnavigations. The airport served as a military airbase during World War II , when it was a major stop-over on the Northwest Staging Route and hosted two British Commonwealth Air Training Plan schools. No. 2 Air Observer School (AOS), operated by Canadian Airways and Canadian Pacific Air Lines , opened at RCAF Station Edmonton on August 5, 1940. Later that year, on November 11,

3960-497: The North Saskatchewan River, and a new extension westward to Highway 16X , which at the time entered Edmonton along 118 Avenue. Construction commenced in the late 1970s and was completed in 1984 with Yellowhead Trail as a 4-6 lane roadway. Interchanges opened at 118 Avenue / Victoria Trail in 1978, 97 Street and St. Albert Trail in 1982, and 170 Street in 1983. Following

4059-728: The United States was the Bronx River Parkway in New York , in 1907. The New York State Parkway System was constructed as a network of high-speed roads in and around New York City . The first limited access highway built is thought to be the privately built Long Island Motor Parkway in Long Island , New York. The Southern State Parkway opened in 1927, while the Long Island Motor Parkway

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4158-624: The absolute maximum performance characteristics of the Boeing 737-200 jetliner due to its weight; however, the extreme wear caused by utilizing this airfield and pushing these limits was a concern. Other jet service came in the form of the British Aerospace BAe 146-200 as Air Canada Connector flights operated by Air BC on behalf of Air Canada . McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30 jets in Air Canada livery operated briefly out of ECCA in

4257-503: The airfield during the 1970s as well as Convair aircraft ( Convair CV-580 , Convair CV-640 ), de Havilland Canada Dash 7 and Dash 8 turboprops during the 1980s. Both the Twin Otter and Dash 7 have short takeoff and landing ( STOL ) capabilities so runway length was not an issue for these particular aircraft types. Besides operating flights with 737 jets, Pacific Western also operated Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprop service from

4356-437: The airline to destinations located north of Edmonton. The jet age arrived at the airport in 1969 when Pacific Western introduced Boeing 737-200 jetliners with nonstop flights to Calgary, Fort Smith and Hay River with direct, no change of plane 737 jet service to Vancouver, Yellowknife, Kamloops , Kelowna , Cranbrook , Penticton, Inuvik and Norman Wells. Several types of jet passenger aircraft were operated into ECCA, notably

4455-489: The airport and Calgary Airport (YYC) for many years with the 737 and in 1976 was operating up to fourteen 737 200 series departures a day nonstop from ECCA to YYC in addition to operating direct 737 jet flights into the airport from British Columbia ( Castlegar , Cranbrook, Dawson Creek, Kamloops, Kelowna, Penticton , Prince George , Vancouver), Alberta ( Fort Chipewyan , High Level , Peace River ), and Saskatchewan ((Uranium City). The runway lengths at ECCA mandated

4554-609: The airport during the mid 1970s with nonstop flights to Fort Chipewyan, Fort McMurray and Peace River in Alberta as well as direct to Fort Smith and Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories . By early 1985, Pacific Western was operating eighteen nonstop Boeing 737-200 flights every weekday from the airport to Calgary via its "Chieftain Airbus" shuttle schedule linking the two cities. There were also two other airlines competing with Pacific Western at this time on

4653-598: The airport grounds using the plane's ballistic parachute . As of 2018 , 212 ha (525 acres) of the former Blatchford Field is undergoing redevelopment into a medium- and high-density neighbourhood. In February 2019, the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology purchased 13 ha (33 acres) of land in Blatchford, as well as more land at the site of the former Westwood Transit Garage, to consolidate most of its operations at its main campus;

4752-634: The airport with the addition of regional flights to Cambridge Bay , Coppermine (now Kugluktuk), Dawson Creek , Fort Simpson and Wrigley as well as to the Resolute Bay Airport in the Arctic which is the second most northerly destination in Canada served by scheduled airline flights. By 1968, Pacific Western had introduced the Convair 640 , a turboprop aircraft (which the airline called

4851-582: The airport. Further amenities located close to the airport included shopping at Kingsway Mall , lodging at the Chateau Louis hotel, and a Via Rail train station to the north, off Bush Pilot Road. The Alberta and Edmonton office for St John Ambulance was located nearby. Proximity to the Royal Alexandra Hospital provided a link for emergency medical access by air to many of Alberta's rural communities. Four flights originating at

4950-494: The city of Edmonton reinvested its revenue from this sale into the development of Blatchford. The Blatchford area will be broken into five boroughs: Blatchford West, Blatchford East, Blatchford Park, Civic Plaza, and Town Centre. Blatchford West, the first borough to be developed, will have more than 6,000 townhouses and apartments, while Blatchford East will have more than 4,000 townhouses and apartments. Blatchford Park will be around 49 ha (120 acres) in size and will include

5049-402: The completion of Yellowhead Trail, provincial highway designations were decommissioned within Edmonton's inner city; Highway 16 was designated to follow Yellowhead Trail east of 170 Street and Highway 2 followed Yellowhead Trail from St. Albert Trail to 170 Street before it continued south to Whitemud Drive and Calgary Trail . Yellowhead Trail was improved throughout

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5148-492: The country's motorways and are usually upgraded versions of the national highways. The total length of Pakistan's expressways is 260-kilometre (160 mi) as of November, 2016. Around 770-kilometre (480 mi) of expressways are currently under construction in different parts of country. Most of these expressways will be complete between 2017 and 2020. Expressways in India make up more than 5,579  km (3,467  mi ) of

5247-519: The difference being that in New Zealand a Motorway has certain additional legal traffic restrictions. The Expressway Network of the People's Republic of China is the longest highway system in the world. The network is also known as National Trunk Highway System (NTHS). By the end of 2016, the total length of China's expressway network reached 131,000 kilometers (82,000 mi). Expressways in China are

5346-610: The earth, is located under the lake in Blatchford Park. Work to extend the Metro line of Edmonton's LRT network to Blatchford began in June 2020, and it is expected to open in 2024 or 2025. The first residents moved into Blatchford in November 2020. In 2022, it was announced that Hangar 11, a historic building at the former airport, would be redeveloped into a mixed-use space. Planned uses include retail, commercial, restaurant, event and housing. On April 22, 2024, Hangar 11

5445-646: The expressway crosses into Strathcona County which officially ends the Yellowhead Trail designation immediately west of a second large combination interchange with Anthony Henday Drive. Highway 16 continues past Sherwood Park toward Lloydminster at the Saskatchewan border. In the 1960s, Highway 16 followed portions of Stony Plain Road , Mayfield Road, 111 Avenue , 109 Street , and 118 Avenue through north Edmonton. The need for

5544-500: The expressway in South Korea, the status of motorway is a measure of traffic control rather than a class of road. For example, Jayu-ro is a segment of national route 77 as well as a motorway. As of June 2011, 1,610 km of highways in total were designated as motorways. (1,052 km national highways, 351 km metropolitan highways, 185 km regional highways and 20 km municipal highways) Like on expressways, motorcycles are not permitted. Sri Lanka has ensured to classify

5643-427: The expressways in reference to the connotation of E grades. As of 2014 , three expressways namely the  E01   Southern Expressway ,  E02   Outer Circular Expressway and the  E03   Colombo – Katunayake Expressway have been created. A tax levying structure is proposed for travelling via the expressways. Speed limits in the range of 80–100 km/h is attested for travelling through

5742-708: The expressways. Up to now two expressways namely the Northern Expressway and the Ruwanpura Expressway are in process to satisfy the needs of public transport. [REDACTED] Expressways in Taiwan may be controlled-access highways similar to National Freeways or limited-access roads. Most have Provincial (as opposed to National) Highway status, although some are built and maintained by cities. All provincial expressways run east–west except for Provincial Highway No. 61 , which runs north–south along

5841-413: The fate of the airport, was found to fall below the requirements because less than 10% of Edmontonians signed it, and it was not filed within 60 days of city council's decision to close the airport. The petition contained approximately 100,000 signatures when it was filed, but city staff determined that almost 30,000 of them did not belong to eligible electors. On July 8, 2009, the city council decided on

5940-485: The lack of one or more required features. In absence of specific regulation signs, a type-C road is accessible by all vehicles and pedestrians, even if it has separate carriageways and no cross-traffic. Edmonton City Centre (Blatchford Field) Airport Edmonton City Centre Airport ( ECCA ), ( IATA : YXD , ICAO : CYXD ) was an airport within the city of Edmonton , in the Canadian province of Alberta . It

6039-523: The land was being redeveloped by the City of Edmonton as a planned community called Blatchford . The airport has a rich aviation history, being the first licensed airfield in Canada (1926). Characters such as Wop May , a World War I flying ace and bush pilot, helped pioneer aviation in Alberta and Northern Canada , further solidifying Blatchford Field as the "Gateway to the North". Along with May,

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6138-436: The late 1960s and early 1970s, Alberta expanded Highway 16 east of Edmonton, with connections to 98 Avenue in mind. A major interchange at Highway 16A (present-day Anthony Henday Drive ) opened in 1971 and an interchange at Highway 16A and Highway 14X (present-day Anthony Henday Drive and Baseline Road , respectively) opened in 1975, featuring grading for a future eastbound to northbound flyover that

6237-423: The late 1980s and 1990s, firstly with interchanges opening at 82 Street in 1988 and later at Fort Road . A new Capilano Drive (now Wayne Gretzky Drive ) extension opened in 1995, and interchanges opened at 50 Street in 1996, Anthony Henday Drive on the west side of the city 1998; and Winterburn Road in 1999. In 1997, Highway 16X was renumbered to Highway 16 resulting in Yellowhead Trail having

6336-469: The latter two are marked with green signage, while valtatie signage is blue. While most of the network is all-access road, 779 km (484 mi) of it is motorway, and 124 km (77 mi) is limited-access road. The access is limited to motor vehicles faster than 50 km/h, thus excluding pedestrian, bicycle, moped or tractor traffic; furthermore, towing is not allowed. Limited-access roads are generally similar to motorways, but do not fulfill all

6435-590: The longest frost-free periods in the Prairie Provinces , with the first fall frost often not coming before October. In 1950, the airport was a stop on an international route operated by Northwest Airlines between the United States and Asia. According to the September 24, 1950, Northwest Airlines system timetable, the air carrier was operating Douglas DC-4 propliner service on a routing of New York City - Washington, D.C. - Chicago - Minneapolis–Saint Paul - Edmonton - Anchorage - Tokyo four days

6534-479: The mid 1980s but left due to field / weight limitations. Time Air and its later brand of Canadian Regional operated Fokker F28 Fellowship twin jets, while Echo Bay Mines operated a private passenger / cargo Boeing 727-100 , a combi aircraft trijet, from the field for several years. Time Air previously operated Fokker F27 Friendship , de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and Short 330 turboprop aircraft from

6633-458: The motorway built. After the missing lanes are built, they will become standard motorways. A High-quality dual carriageway (HQDC) in Ireland is normally completed to a motorway standard, including no right-turns, but with no motorway restrictions. These are common on the final stretches of motorways nearing a major city, generally in order to enable use of bus stops and city bus services on

6732-401: The name highway ( Malay : lebuhraya – this is also the name for expressways ). Highways normally have a lower speed limit than expressways (but still higher than the rest of the local road network), and permit at-grade intersections and junctions to residential roads and shopfronts, although grade separation is still typical. Highways are normally toll-free and are owned and operated by

6831-509: The name "Yellowhead Trail" at 231 Street, marking the western Edmonton city limit. The first interchange within the city is a diamond interchange at Winterburn Road; the divided highway then meets the Anthony Henday Drive ring road at a large combination interchange . Widening to six lanes, Yellowhead assumes the unsigned designation of northbound Highway 2 from Henday and passes underneath 184 Street and over

6930-414: The need for a longer set of runways . It became clear that it would be economically and in many cases physically impossible to accommodate modern jet aircraft at ECCA. With no ability to expand the runways, a search began for a site for construction of a new international airport. Edmonton entered into fifty years of airport debates shaped by issues of logistics, transportation, and regional disparities. To

7029-518: The neighbourhood of Eastwood and back to the east, it intersects Wayne Gretzky Drive and Victoria Trail before descending across the North Saskatchewan River near Beverly to a second large interchange with Anthony Henday Drive, at which the Yellowhead Trail designation ends and Highway 16 enters Strathcona County . As a portion of the Yellowhead Highway, the expressway takes its name from Yellowhead Pass , through which Highway 16 passes from Alberta into British Columbia . Construction

7128-486: The north of the city, a World War II military base (now CFB Edmonton ) had been built at Namao by the United States Army Air Forces . In the 1950s, the base was expanded to handle Strategic Air Command military bomber aircraft, including the longest runway in Canada. Leduc, Alberta , located 14 nautical miles (26 km; 16 mi) south by southwest of downtown Edmonton , was chosen as

7227-431: The particular stretch of road. Speed limits are normally 100 km/h compared to 120 km/h on motorways In Italy there are: Type B highway (or strada extraurbana principale ), commonly but unofficially known as superstrada , is a divided highway with at least two lanes for each direction, paved shoulder on the right, no cross-traffic and no at-grade intersections. Access restrictions on such highways are exactly

7326-434: The railway corridor, it descends slightly to single-point urban interchanges at 97 and 82 Streets. At Elmwood Park the route curves southeast to intersect Wayne Gretzky Drive and Fort Road ; the former is an expressway that proceeds south across the river toward downtown while the latter becomes Manning Drive and later Highway 15 to the north. Meanwhile, Yellowhead Trail crosses 66 Street at-grade prior to

7425-661: The route at this same time. In its final years, before closing in 2013, the airport was mainly used for air charter , general aviation , flight training and medevac ( air ambulance ). In addition, from 2005 to 2012, the airport was annually converted into a race track for the Edmonton Indy Champ Car race. In 2008 Champ Car merged with the Indy Racing League , and became the IndyCar Series . The NASCAR Canada Series also raced at

7524-607: The route was completed when the northeast leg of Anthony Henday Drive (Highway 216) opened in late 2016, providing an alternate route through north Edmonton. The Yellowhead Highway becomes Yellowhead Trail at Edmonton's westerly border, 231 Street. The rural divided highway meets Anthony Henday Drive at a large interchange , crossing over the Canadian National Railway and veering slightly northeast through industrial areas of northwestern Edmonton. The expressway passes underneath St. Albert Trail and past Canadian National's Walker Yard to 97 Street . Bending south near

7623-581: The same of Italian motorways ( autostrade ), as well as signage at the beginning and the end of the highway (with the only difference being the background color, blue instead of green). Speed limit on type-B road is 110 km/h (68 mph). Type C highway (or strada extraurbana secondaria ), a single carriageway with at least one lane for each direction and shoulders. It may have at-grade, at-level crossings with railways , roundabouts and traffic lights . This category contains also dual carriageways that can not be classified as type-B highways because of

7722-491: The site for the Edmonton International Airport ( IATA : YEG , ICAO : CYEG ) which opened in 1960. It was initially decided that ECCA would be closed in 1963, upon completion of a new passenger terminal at Edmonton International. However, the issue was reexamined by consultants, and particularly in view of the unforeseen development of regional airliner service at ECCA, especially to Calgary ,

7821-491: The smaller metropolitan areas mostly rely on limited-access highways for high-speed local traffic. In South Australia the terms "expressway" and "freeway" can be synonymous. The Southern and Northern Expressways are both controlled-access highways. However, perhaps confusingly, the Port River Expressway is a limited-access highway. Dual carriageways that connect capital cities and regional centres, such as

7920-535: The speedway between 2007 and 2010, and again in 2012. Beginning with the July 2011 event, the track layout was reconfigured to use a more northeasterly section of the airport, including runway 16/34 (which had been permanently closed). The fate of Edmonton City Centre Airport (ECCA) was fiercely debated for decades, beginning in the 1950s. To accommodate demands for ever-increasing range, new generations of jet aircraft became increasingly larger and heavier, resulting in

8019-430: The technical requirements, such as several lanes in one direction or separation of opposite directions. Limited-access roads are usually built because the local population density is too low to justify a motorway. Often space has been left during construction for an eventual upgrade to a motorway. Limited-access roads also function as feeder routes for motorways. The general speed limit on main roads and limited-access roads

8118-574: The time, 125 Avenue and Santa Rosa Road were collector roads which ran parallel to the Canadian National Railway ; 125 Avenue was interrupted by the Edmonton Industrial Airport but the city had planned to connect the two segments to form an arterial roadway. In 1977, Alberta and Edmonton entered a cost-sharing agreement for the construction of Yellowhead Trail which included the expansion of 125 Avenue and Santa Rosa Road between 156 Street and 118 Avenue near

8217-407: The towing of fairground vehicles, as well as four-wheelers (without passenger compartment), are allowed to drive on an autoweg . An autoweg can consist of two or more lanes. The driving directions can be separated by a roadmarking, or by a central reservation. If a public road ( autosnelweg , autoweg , weg ) consists of two or more lanes that are clearly separated from each other by a roadside or

8316-421: The west coast. Some provincial expressway routes are still under construction. In Austria the speed limit on a Schnellstraße is 100–130 km/h (62–81 mph). Schnellstraßen are very similar to Austrian Autobahnen (freeways/motorways); the chief difference is that they are more cheaply built with smaller curve radius, often undivided and have fewer bridges and tunnels. In Belgium an autoweg

8415-609: The west side of the airfield off Taxiway A. On-site amenities included the Alberta Aviation Museum, two hotels, and a cafeteria in the Edmonton Flying Club 's building. A flight school was operated at Centennial Flight Centre. Private air ambulances used the Esso Avitat hangar to store their ground support units. A Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) air ambulance was also based at

8514-572: Was also operating nonstop flights into the airport from other locations besides Calgary in 1985 including Grande Prairie and Peace River with these services being flown with Convair 640 turboprops as well as with the Dash 7 . The airport also had service to the U.S. during the mid 1980s. In 1985, Pacific Western was operating direct, no change of plane Boeing 737-200 jet service to Seattle via intermediate stops at Calgary and Vancouver. In 1987, Continental Airlines in conjunction with Pacific Western

8613-454: Was bordered by Yellowhead Trail to the north, Kingsway to the south, 121 Street to the west, and the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT) and Jefferson armouries to the east. It encompassed approximately 58 ha (144 acres) of land just north of the city centre of Edmonton. The airport was originally called Blatchford Field , named for former mayor Kenneth Alexander Blatchford . His son, Howard ("Cowboy") Blatchford , became

8712-599: Was closed in 1937 and replaced by the Northern State Parkway (opened in 1931) and the contiguous Grand Central Parkway (opened in 1936). In the United States , the national Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) uses "full control of access" only for freeways . Expressways are defined as having "partial control of access" (or semi-controlled access ). This means that major roads typically use interchanges and commercial development

8811-428: Was closed to air traffic with a Notice to Airmen being issued at 3:00 am that morning. Closure of the remaining runway, runway 12/30, was announced at an Edmonton City Council meeting on September 26, 2013. Licenses for scheduled air service were not renewed. On the afternoon of November 30, 2013, the last aircraft to leave the airfield was a Cessna 172 , owned and piloted by a local resident. Weather prevented

8910-439: Was destroyed by a fire. The field elevation was 2,202 ft (671 m). Due to the airport's location in the central portion of the city, there were both curfew restrictions and noise abatement procedures. The field maintained 24/7 operations, with the strictest noise regulations in effect from 10:00 pm to 7:00 am local time. For private and corporate aviation, there were two fixed-base operators (FBO) on site, located on

9009-488: Was flying Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation and Canadair North Star (a Canadian produced version of the DC-4) propliners in addition to Vickers Viscount turboprops on nonstop services to Vancouver, Toronto , Winnipeg and Saskatoon as well as direct, no change of plane flights to Montreal . According to the June 1, 1958, Trans-Canada Air Lines system timetable, the air carrier was also operating five nonstop departures

9108-482: Was listed as being a Department of Transport and RCAF Aerodrome and had three runways, listed as follows: A weather station was established in 1937. Over the years since then, its site witnessed increasing influence by the urban heat island effect. By the mid-1970s, "Edmonton Municipal A." (as it was listed in the Monthly Record of Meteorological Observations in Canada ) was regularly recording some of

9207-413: Was only one nonstop flight a day operated on the weekdays from Edmonton International to Calgary with this service being flown by CP Air. Other airlines serving ECCA as this time were Norcanair with Fairchild F-27 turboprop service nonstop from Lloydminster and direct from Saskatoon , and Southern Frontier Airlines with nonstop Beech 88 commuter turboprop service from Cold Lake . According to

9306-404: Was operating flights between ECCA and Calgary with Boeing 737-200 jetliners while Time Air flying as Canadian Partner on behalf of Canadian via a codeshare agreement was operating Fokker F28 jets and Dash 8 turboprops. Air BC operating as Air Canada Connector on behalf of Air Canada via a code sharing agreement was flying British Aerospace BAe 146-200 jets and Dash 8 turboprops on

9405-464: Was operating international service to Europe with four nonstop flights a week flown with Douglas DC-6B "Empress" propliners between Edmonton and Amsterdam with these flights originating and terminating in Vancouver and was also operating local domestic service with Convair 240 prop aircraft to Grande Prairie , Alberta and Fort St. John , British Columbia. A year earlier in 1958, Trans-Canada

9504-551: Was operating two flights a day to Texas with direct service to Dallas Fort Worth International Airport ( Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex , DFW) and George Bush Intercontinental Airport ( Houston , IAH). Pacific Western operated the Edmonton-Calgary portion of the service with Boeing 737-200s and passengers then transferred to Continental operated 727 100 Series jetliners in Calgary for the flights to Texas. According to

9603-417: Was planned in the 1970s and was fully completed by 1984, receiving incremental improvements in subsequent decades; the route now includes a mix of signalized at-grade intersections and interchanges. Due to heavy congestion, Edmonton outlined a $ 1 billion plan in late 2016 to upgrade Yellowhead Trail to a freeway , eliminating at-grade intersections and constructing new interchanges. Work began in 2019 and

9702-401: Was put forth to the citizens of Edmonton asking if the bylaw should be repealed on the basis of consolidating all scheduled traffic at Edmonton International. Determination of whether or not to close the airport was not given as an option. 77% of voters approved the proposed version, and in June 1996, the consolidation process was finalized. After city council voted to close the airport in 2009,

9801-487: Was ultimately not constructed. The western freeway through the North Saskatchewan River valley and McKinnon Ravine was the most controversial aspect of the plan, with public protests suspending construction shortly after clearing work had begun. In tandem with cost overruns, the project was cancelled in 1974. The cancellation of the METS freeway resulted in an alternate bypass route to be considered for Highway 16. At

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