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75-417: Yeongdeungpo District ( Korean :  영등포구 ; RR :  Yeongdeungpo-gu ) is an administrative district in southwest Seoul , South Korea. Although the origin of the name is uncertain, the first two syllables are thought to be from " yeongdeung " (靈登) or "divine ascent", a shamanic rite. The third syllable is " po ", representing the bank of a river (浦), referring to the district's position on

150-593: A Fairmont Hotel (due to open in 2021) and a Hyundai Department Store (due to open in 2020 but pushed back to 2021). Hyundai have indicated that they will open an Amazon Go store with the department store, one of the first outside the US. Yeouido is also home to the Korean National Assembly Building which opened in 1975. South Korea's unicameral legislature meets within the building and numerous of buildings and institutions associated with

225-629: A minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by the Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has a few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form

300-479: A spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language ) is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since the end of World War II and

375-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with

450-537: A considerable number of workshops which are still in operation. There are several major green spaces within Yeongdeungpo district. Yeouido is home to two of them – Yeouido Han River Park , which is a popular leisure and tourist destination, and Yeouido Park which runs through the center of Yeouido. Yeouido Han River Park hosts several major festivals including the Spring Flower (cherry blossom) Festival,

525-480: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this

600-418: A health supplement brand Health 1 to produce various supplements with vitamins, minerals, granules, red ginseng extracts, and other animals- and plant-based extracts. For reference, this is the same Lotte Group as Lotte Food , but they also make ice cream separately. So we were also competing with Lotte Food, even though we have the same parent company. In February 2022, the company considered merging

675-518: A new opportunity for the company. Lotte decided to move into Korea on a full scale, and in 1967, the company established a dedicated operation for South Korea, called Lotte Confectionery Co. It was not long, however, before Shin found himself in trouble with the Korean government, then still under the authoritarian regime. The South Korean government was then in the process of building up its military strength as part of its cold war with North Korea. Seeking to establish its own industrial defense capacity,

750-521: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding

825-778: A subsidiary in Jakarta. This was followed by the creation of a joint venture for the mainland Chinese market, which established production facilities in Beijing in 1994. The company acquired full control of its Chinese operations in 2005. The Philippines became part of the Lotte empire in 1995, with the launch of a sales and distribution subsidiary in Manila. One year later, the company added production and sales operations in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, as well. Continuing product development brought

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900-522: A unique hexagonal box, and Pepero , a product inspired by Pocky . To extend the reach of products of both companies in China , Lotte has established a joint venture with Hershey's . Also, in 2008, Lotte also took over Guylian , a Belgium company that makes chocolate. Lotte Confectionery has been taking a lion's share of Korea's ice cream market by offering an array of a popular bar, cone, cup, pencil, and bucket ice creams. Lotte Confectionery launched

975-544: Is a large bus transfer center located in front of the IFC mall. Olympic-daero (also known as Olympic Boulevard) runs alongside the south bank of the Han River and through Yeongdeungpo District. Construction of the road began in 1982 and was completed in 1986. The eight-lane highway is 40.67 km (25.27 mi) long and connects Yeongdeungpo with Incheon and Gimpo international airports as well as Gangnam and Songpa in

1050-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to

1125-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean

1200-596: Is currently under construction and will connect Saetgang and Daebang in Yeongdeungpo district with stations in Dongjak District and Gwanak District with the final station at Seoul National University . Another line, the Mokdong Line , is also under development with construction due to commence in 2021. The Mokdong Line will connect Dangsan Station with stations in Yangcheon District ,

1275-763: Is home to DLI 63 Building , the highest office building in South Korea and currently the 3rd tallest building in the country. The National Assembly Building is located in Yeouido-dong . Other organisations, such as the Financial Union of Korea are also based in Yeongdeungpo. There are also mass-media corporations in the area, including Kookmin Newspaper Corporation , Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation , and Korean Broadcasting System . The earliest historical references to Yeongdeungpo were in

1350-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be

1425-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with

1500-747: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on

1575-512: Is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until the 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from the basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only

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1650-504: The Han River . The 2006 population was 408,819. There are 22 administrative dong and 34 legal dong . Yeouido -dong is the largest in area and takes up about 34% of the land. The total area is 24.56 km (9.48 sq mi) (2004), making up 4% of Seoul's land. The annual budget is approximately 2 billion won. Yeongdeungpo District has been heavily developed as an office, commercial, and residential district. Yeouido Dong

1725-703: The Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from the Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that

1800-524: The Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations , was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to

1875-617: The Seoul International Fireworks Festival and the Hangang Summer Festival. Yeouido Park was previous an airport that existed until the 1970s when it was turned into an asphalt plaza and named May 16 Square in reference to the coup led by Park Chung Hee in 1961. In 1984 Pope John Paul II led a canonization mass at the park. In 1999 the park was returned to its natural state and opened to the public. Yeongdeungpo district also features

1950-568: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,

2025-968: The 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By the 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea

2100-623: The 1870s when it was considered to be the main port used in the defence of the city of Seoul. The opening of the Gyeongin Line in 1899 and the Gyeongbu Line 1905, the County Office of Siheung-gun was relocated to Yeongdeungpo and area became a major hub for transportation and commerce. Except for Yeouido and Yanghwa-dong, Yeongdeungpo belonged to old Siheung County . In 1936, Yeongdeungpo (except for today's Daerim-dong)

2175-557: The 2000s, including the launch of the Xylitol Family Bottle, a beverage containing xylitol as a sweetener. In 2005, the company launched its Lotte Notime tooth-polishing chewing gum. Lotte expanded its frozen dessert operations in 2002, forming a joint venture with troubled Snow Brand Milk Products, then involved in a beef-labelling scandal. The joint venture, Lotte Snow Co., was owned at 80 percent by Lotte, and launched production of Snow-branded ice cream products. In 2005,

2250-543: The 63 Golden Tower. The 58th and 59th floors both feature restaurants. The lower floors house an indoor shopping mall with approximately 90 stores, an IMAX theater, and a large aquarium. A convention center and banquet hall are also housed within the building. Also within Yeouido is the International Finance Center (IFC). The IFC was opened in 2012 and includes the office towers, Conrad Hotel and

2325-481: The CGV Starium, the world's largest permanent 35 mm cinema screen. Construction of Times Square started in 2006 on the site of a former Kyungbang plant in Yeongdeungpo, and lasted for three years. The construction cost a total of 600 billion won. On September 16, 2009, the mall officially opened, welcoming an average of 210,000 people per day. Yeouido is home to many of Korea's tallest skyscrapers. One of

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2400-660: The Hikara Special Chemical Research Institute. This company produced soaps and cosmetics from surplus chemicals stocks left over from the war. That company, although small, provided the basis for Shin's first fortune, and within a year he had amassed enough capital to launch a new company, dedicated to the production of chewing gum. Introduced by American soldiers following the war, chewing gum quickly became popular among Japanese consumers eager to embrace all things American. In 1948, Shin founded Lotte Co., with ten employees. Shin's choice of

2475-458: The IFC Mall. The IFC mall hosts a large number of shops including major international brands. The center of the mall includes a large atrium with glass pavilion which extends above ground level. The mall itself occupies four floors below ground. Parc1 tower is the newest development in Yeouido with its primary feature being the 334 tall main tower. The development features 2 main office towers,

2550-660: The Seoul Capital Area project consisting of three separate lines, named GTX A, GTX B and GTX C, and scheduled for completion in 2025. As currently planned (2021), GTX B will connect Songdo in Incheon with Maseok in Namyangju , with trains calling at eleven stations in between including Yeouido . According to the Korean government, GTX B will be completed in 2021. The oldest subway line in Korea, Line 1, runs through

2625-726: The Xylitol chewing gum is enjoying tremendous popularity since its launch, thanks to its ability to reduce the risk of tooth decay. Lotte Confectionery also produces the Crunky candy bar and the Chic-Choc cookie (a chocolate chip cookie ), one of the most famous brands in South Korea. Additionally, they produce other baked snacks, including the Margaret cookie. Lotte is also well known for their cookies called Koala's March , which are small cream-filled cookies shaped like koalas, packaged in

2700-650: The assembly are located nearby. The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) New Wing Open Hall is located in Yeouido-dong. It is the broadcast and recording centre of many KBS programmes with a studio audience , namely the live weekly music show Music Bank . In 2017 the Seoul Museum of Art (SeMA) and the Seoul Metropolitan Government opened SeMA Bunker, a museum occupying a previously undiscovered military bunker in Yeouido. The bunker

2775-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,

2850-497: The center of Yeongdeungpo District, serving Yeongdeungpo station, Singil Station & Deabang Station. The line first opened in 1974 as the Korean National Railroad of Seoul with through services to national mainline railways from Seongbuk station (now: Kwangwoon University station ) to Incheon and Suwon Stations. Prior to 2000, the underground section of Line 1 between Seoul Station and Cheongnyangni Station

2925-522: The century. Although Lotte had successfully established itself in Japan — a country where ethnicity had always been a prominent part of the national identity— Shin had not abandoned his Korean roots. Lotte had established a presence in Korea as early as 1958, opening a factory producing chewing gum and other confectionery, as well as instant noodles, for the Korean market. The normalization of diplomatic relations between Japan and Korea in 1965, however, presented

3000-457: The chocolate market. In 1964, the company launched its first milk chocolate, called Ghana , adapting Swiss-style chocolates for the Japanese palate. The company supported this launch with a massive television advertisement campaign, firmly positioning the brand in the minds of consumers. The launch paved the way for Lotte's emergence as the number one chocolate manufacturer in Japan by the end of

3075-414: The compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which the language originates deeply influences the language, leading to a system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean

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3150-588: The company expanded its operations in China, buying up control of Qingdao-based Jinhu Shipin. That move was seen as part of the group's strategy to become a major confectionery group on a global scale. Lotte remained controlled by Shin Kyuk-ho, joined by his children and other family members. In less than 60 years, Shin had built Lotte from a small chewing gum producer into one of the world's top confectionery groups. On October 12, 2017, Lotte Confectionery announced that

3225-562: The company had been spun-off in order to form Lotte Corporation as the holding company. As of June 2024. Many of Lotte's products are sold internationally in areas with Japanese and/or Korean immigrants and in Asian supermarkets around the world. The confectionery line-up covers a wide range of snacks including gums, candies, biscuits, and chocolates. The Juicy Fresh, Spearmint, and Freshmint chewing gums and Ghana Chocolate have served as long-time favorites for more than four decades, while

3300-460: The company new successes as well. In 1996, the company launched its Chocolate Zero, claiming to be the world's first sugarless chocolate. The following year, Lotte became the first in Japan to launch a xylitol -based chewing gum. Because xylitol, unlike other sweeteners, did not produce acid when chewed, the company was able to promote its chewing gum as a cavity-fighting product. The company's interest in developing xylitol-based products continued into

3375-499: The company's name came from his admiration for Goethe's Sorrows of Young Werther, particularly the character of Charlotte. Using natural chicle, Lotte launched a number of chewing gum brands, including Orange Gum, Lotte Gum, Cowboy Gum, Mable Gum, and the highly popular Baseball Gum. The company backed up its products with strong advertising support, becoming one of the first in Japan to sponsor television programs, as well as its own baseball team and other events, such as beauty pageants. In

3450-468: The country's defence effort, Shin agreed to transfer the centre of Lotte's operations to South Korea. Lotte Confectionery now became the core of Shin's growing empire; nonetheless, the original Lotte Co. and the Japanese market remained the company's largest confectionery operation until the 1990s. In the 1990s and 2000s, Lotte turned to the international market for further growth. The company had made its first international extension, other than in Korea, in

3525-622: The early 20th century during the Japanese occupation period . Yeongdeungpo station is the last station within Seoul and since 1974 the Gyeongbu line and Seoul Metro Line 1 tracks have been integrated and electrified up until Yeongdeungpo station (further electrification of the line southwards took place in later years). Great Train Express (GTX) is a planned higher-speed commuter rail network in

3600-409: The east. [REDACTED] Media related to Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul at Wikimedia Commons Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ ) is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as

3675-461: The final station being Sinwol Station . Yeongdeungpo District is served by all types of buses operated in Seoul and its environs: green (local), blue (city), red (express) and white/green (Gyeonnggi). Gyeongin-ro, a major thoroughfare running from the south west to the north east, is a major bus route connecting the district with Incheon , Bucheon , Gwangmyeong and elsewhere. Gyeongin-ro links with Yeouiseo-ro/Yeoui-daero at Yeouido on which there

3750-642: The financial center of Seoul. This reputation was stimulated by the relocation of the Korean main bourse, the Korea Exchange (KRX), from Myeongdong to Yeouido in 1979. Among the 291 head offices of financial institutions located in Seoul, 93 are based in Yeouido , Yeongdeungpo. Notably, 42 out of 68 asset management companies and 8 out of 11 futures companies have their head offices in Yeouido. These include Mirae Asset Group , Korea Life Insurance , KDB , Korea Investment Holdings and many more. Korea Exchange

3825-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in

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3900-456: The fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of the population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it

3975-473: The government approached Shin with a request for him to contribute to this effort, encouraging him to enter military production as well. Yet Shin, perhaps mindful of the negative publicity that a move into arms production would bring to the company's confectionery sales, refused. The refusal brought a series of difficulties for Lotte Confectionery, which finally were resolved by the direct intervention of then president Park Chung-Hee. Rather than agree to invest in

4050-584: The growth of industry in the area declined in the 1990s as the Asian Financial Crisis had a considerable effect on the South Korean economy. In the 2000s, the availability of empty commercial buildings attracted artists to the area and in 2013 the Korean government officially supported to the concept. Mullae Art Village has become a popular leisure destination and is home to a large number of eateries, bars and other related venues, as well as

4125-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains

4200-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it

4275-639: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or

4350-455: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to

4425-726: The late 1970s. In 1978, Lotte set up a subsidiary in the United States, opening production facilities in Battle Creek, Michigan. The group's U.S. presence later expanded to include a sales office in Chicago, supporting sales of the group's chewing gums and cookies. In the 1990s, Lotte turned to markets closer to home. The company established a subsidiary in Thailand in 1989, where it began producing and distributing candy and confectionery. In 1993, Lotte entered Indonesia, launching

4500-419: The lower section of Anyangcheon (shared with Yangcheon District ). Yeongdeungpo district is served by the Gyeongbu Line which runs through the center of the district with trains calling at Yeongdeungpo station . Services include Korail KTX , ITX , Mungunghwa and tourist trains. The Gyeongbu line is considered to be one of the most important rail lines in Korea and its strategic importance goes back to

4575-501: The manufacturing industry and remnants of this are clearly visible around the district with small workshops and larger factories located next to modern developments, especially in Mullae-dong. Times Square is a large shopping mall located closed to Yeongdeungpo station and connected to an adjoining Shinsegae department store which in turns is connected to Yeongdeungpo station. It is one of Seoul's largest shopping malls, featuring

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4650-403: The mid-1950s, the company sponsored the country's Antarctic Research Expedition Team, developing a chewing gum for the effort's training program. The company then launched the gum, known as Cool Mint Gum, for the consumer market, in 1956. The gum featured a penguin on the package, which became one of the country's most prominent consumer logos into the next century. Another Lotte sponsoring effort

4725-492: The oldest and most well-known is the 63 Building , located on the eastern side of Yeouido. It was opened in 1985 to coincide with the Seoul Olympics in 1988 and intended to demonstrate Korea's economic success. The building is 250 m (820 ft) tall and was the tallest building in the country until 2003. The 60th floor houses the world's highest art gallery while the 63rd floor contains an observation deck known as

4800-638: The proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and a later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of

4875-573: The same time. During the post-Korean War industrialization period the district's economy and population grew dramatically and as a result sections of the district were broken up to form new districts – Gwanak District being established in 1973, Gangseo-gu in 1977, and Guro District in 1980. Yeongdeungpo District is divided into the following " dong "s. Yeongdeungpo District office (영등포구청) is located immediately adjacent to Yeongdeungpo District office station on Seoul Metro Line 2 . For several decades, Yeouido in Yeongdeungpo district has been considered

4950-669: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting

5025-489: The store?' Response 예/네. ye/ne AFF Lotte Confectionery Although later considered one of South Korea's largest companies, Lotte's origins actually traced back to post-World War II Japan. During the war, Shin Kyuk-ho, a native of Korea, went to Tokyo to study at a technical college in 1941 at the age of 19. After graduating, Shin remained in Japan, adopting the Japanese name of Takeo Shigemitsu. By 1946, Shin decided to go into business for himself, launching

5100-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at

5175-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ

5250-672: Was annexed to Gyeongseong (today's Seoul ). In 1949, some parts of Siheung County were ceded to Yeongdeungpo District of Seoul. These sections are today's Guro-dong, Sindorim-dong, Daerim-dong and Sindaebang-dong. It is one of the sub-centers of Seoul, and the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 1 passes. Among the areas south of the Han River in present-day Seoul, it was the first (1936) to be incorporated into Seoul. January 1, 1963, Some areas of Bucheon County were combined to Yeongdeungpo District as below. Also, many parts of Siheung County were merged into this district at

5325-533: Was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by the yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as

5400-404: Was colored red on metro maps while the above-ground section was colored gray or blue. After 2000, the service was combined and colored dark blue. On average, trains run every six to nine minutes on the section between Seoul Station and Guro (the section serving Yeongdeungpo station). In addition to the existing subway services, two additional lines are currently under development. The Sillim Line

5475-602: Was discovered in 2005 during groundwork for a bus transfer station. No official records of the bunker have been found but historians believe it was constructed for Park Chung Hee in 1976–1977 because large-scale military parades took place above the bunker on May 16 Square (now Yeouido Park ). Mullae-dong was previously a successful industrial area developed in the 1960s as industry left the Cheonggyecheon in Jongno District and relocated to Mullae-dong. However,

5550-924: Was originally located in Yeouido, but it moved to Busan in 2009. Korea Financial Investment Association is still based in Yeouido. The Korea Financial Services Commission (FSC) and the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) are also based in Yeouido. Despite its popularity with Korean financial institutions, Yeouido has proved less popular with foreign entities who tend to prefer the Jongno district. Other notable companies based in Yeongdeungpo include Lotte Confectionery , Hanjin Shipping , LG Corp. , and Keoyang Shipping are headquartered in Yeouido-dong in Yeongdeungpo District. Historically, Yeongdeungpo district has been dominated by

5625-473: Was the Lotte Music Album show on television, a popular music-oriented program that ran through the late 1970s. Shin expanded his production interest to include candies, cookies, and snack cakes, and by the early 1960s, the company had established itself as a rival to Japan's two largest confectionery groups, Meiji and Morinaga. The company's true breakthrough came during the 1960s, with its entry into

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