A horror game is a video game genre centered on horror fiction and typically designed to scare the player. The term may also be used to describe tabletop games with horror fiction elements.
146-457: Resident Evil , known as Biohazard ( バイオハザード , Baiohazādo ) in Japan, is a Japanese horror game series and media franchise created by Capcom . It consists of survival horror , third-person shooter and first-person shooter games, with players typically surviving in environments inhabited by zombies and other mutated creatures. The franchise has expanded into other media, including
292-503: A Haunted House overlay was included with the first video game console , the Magnavox Odyssey , inspired by haunted house fiction. Taito 's classic arcade video game Space Invaders (1978) has also been cited as a precursor to horror video games, as it involved a survival scenario where an alien invasion slowly descends and increasingly destroys the landscape while menacing sound effects gradually speed up, which created
438-437: A live-action film series , animated films, television series, comic books , novels , audiobooks , and merchandise. Resident Evil is the highest-grossing horror franchise . The first Resident Evil game was created by Shinji Mikami and Tokuro Fujiwara for PlayStation , and released in 1996. It is credited for defining the survival horror genre and returning zombies to popular culture. With Resident Evil 4 (2005),
584-488: A 2D pre-rendered background, so that players would control their character from a fixed camera angle. This allowed the developers to create the necessary sense of tension throughout the adventure game. Alone in the Dark was a global success on personal computers . Sweet Home , Alone in the Dark , and Doctor Hauzer (published by River Hill in 1994) went on to inspire Capcom's original Resident Evil (1996), which coined
730-497: A business relationship there is significant because of Nintendo's phenomenal ability to drive volume. If it works at all, it could bring MIPS to levels of volume [SGI] never dreamed of." Jim Clark met with the CEO of Nintendo at the time, Hiroshi Yamauchi , in early 1993, initiating Project Reality. On August 23, 1993, the companies announced a global joint development and licensing agreement surrounding Project Reality, projecting that
876-486: A cardboard box while we used it. In answer to the inevitable questions about what we were doing, we replied jokingly that it was a new type of controller—a bowl of liquid that absorbed your thoughts through your fingertips. Of course, you had to think in Japanese..." On June 23, 1994, Nintendo announced the official name of the still unfinished console as "Ultra 64". The first group of elite developers selected by Nintendo
1022-598: A cartridge game almost immediately had helped Nintendo defeat the Commodore 64 and other US home computers in the 1980s. While loading screens appear in many PlayStation games, they are rare in Nintendo 64 games. Although vulnerable to long-term environmental damage, the cartridges are far more resistant to physical damage than compact discs. Nintendo also cited the fact that cartridges are more difficult to pirate than CDs, thus resisting copyright infringement , albeit at
1168-438: A chip-set consisting of a 64-bit MIPS RISC microprocessor, a graphics co-processor chip and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs)". "The product, which will be developed specifically for Nintendo, will be unveiled in arcades in 1994, and will be available for home use by late 1995. The target U.S. price for the home system is below $ 250". "For the first time, leading-edge MIPS RISC microprocessor technology will be used in
1314-680: A critical junction for the series' progression as one of the main catalysts to Umbrella's downfall and the entry point for some of the series' most notable characters. Resident Evil Gaiden is an action-adventure game for the Game Boy Color featuring a role-playing -style combat system. There have been several downloadable mobile games based on the Resident Evil series in Japan. Some of these mobile games have been released in North America and Europe through T-Mobile. At
1460-526: A design proposal for a video game chipset, seeking an established partner in that market. Jim Clark , founder of SGI, offered the proposal to Tom Kalinske , who was the CEO of Sega of America . The next candidate would be Nintendo. Kalinske said that he and Joe Miller of Sega of America were "quite impressed" with SGI's prototype, and invited their hardware team to travel from Japan to meet with SGI. The engineers from Sega Enterprises said that their evaluation of
1606-523: A four player split screen without significant slowdown. After Nintendo's multiple plans for compact disc -based games for Super NES, the industry expected its next console to, like PlayStation, use that medium. The first Nintendo 64 prototypes in November 1995 surprised observers by again using ROM cartridge . Cartridge size varies from 4 to 64 MB. Many cartridges include the ability to save games internally. Nintendo's controversial selection of
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#17327722304031752-619: A four-part CG anime series, premiered on July 8, 2021, on Netflix . Starring the Resident Evil 2 protagonists Leon S. Kennedy and Claire Redfield, the series features both uncovering a worldwide plot. The series released on July 8, 2021 on Netflix . Resident Evil premiered on July 14, 2022, on Netflix. An eight episode live-action series, two plotlines set in 2022 and 2036 follow Albert Wesker and his daughters navigating Umbrella's experiments in New Raccoon City. Over
1898-453: A game ahead of its release. They risked being left with a surplus of expensive cartridges for a failed game, or a weeks-long shortage of product if they underestimated a game's popularity. The cost of producing a Nintendo 64 cartridge was also far higher than for a CD. Publishers passed these expenses onto the consumer. Nintendo 64 games cost an average of $ 10 more when compared to games produced for rival consoles. The higher cost also created
2044-447: A game of unparalleled atmosphere and suspense." In 2012, Complex ranked Resident Evil at number 22 on the list of the best video game franchises. That same year, G4tv called it "one of the most successful series in gaming history." By December 2022, around 135 million Resident Evil games had been sold. The first two Resident Evil games had collectively sold approximately 11 million units worldwide by March 1999. By early 2001,
2190-469: A haunted house titled Resident Evil: Escape from Raccoon City , based on Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis . The first Resident Evil novel was Hiroyuki Ariga's novella Biohazard: The Beginning , published in 1997 as a portion of the book The True Story of Biohazard , which was given away as a pre-order bonus with the Sega Saturn version of Biohazard . The story serves as a prelude to
2336-442: A lower price, and prioritize their production over those of other companies. Perhaps the most important reason for cartridge, observers thought, was what a later writer described as "Nintendo’s congenital need to be different , and to assert its idiosyncratic hegemony by making everyone else dance to its tune while it was at it". As fifth generation games became more complex in content, sound and graphics, games began to exceed
2482-484: A month before launch because it did not meet Nintendo's quality standards. In 1994, prior to the launch, Nintendo of America chairman Howard Lincoln emphasized the quality of first-party games, saying "... we're convinced that a few great games at launch are more important than great games mixed in with a lot of dogs". Its American launch was wildly successful, breaking records - its first day sales were significantly higher than PlayStation's and Saturn's respective launches
2628-532: A monthly comic book series based on the first two games, Resident Evil: The Official Comic Magazine , which lasted five issues. The first four issues were published by Image , while Wildstorm themselves published the fifth and final issue. Each issue was a compilation of short stories that were both adaptations of events from the games and related side stories. Like the Perry novels, the comics also explored events occurring beyond Resident Evil 2 (the latest game during
2774-539: A more action-oriented approach with scientific themes and fast-running zombies. Horror games also benefited from indie game growth in the early 2010s, since outside of established franchises like Resident Evil , major publishers had shied away from the genre. Series like Frictional Games ' Penumbra series and Amnesia series, and Red Barrels ' Outlast series captured the type of gameplay from horror games like Silent Hill and Resident Evil . Parsec Productions' Slender: The Eight Pages took advantage of
2920-409: A powerful BOW. Ethan, Mia, and their newborn daughter, Rosemary, are relocated to Eastern Europe but are abducted by a cult. Ethan ultimately sacrifices himself to destroy a fungal colony being weaponized by bioterrorists and save his family. The Resident Evil franchise has had a variety of control schemes and gameplay mechanics throughout its history. Puzzle-solving has figured prominently throughout
3066-539: A promotional campaign that appeared in early 1999. The advertisement by Saatchi & Saatchi , New York began on January 25 and encouraged children to buy Fruit by the Foot snacks for tips to help them with their Nintendo 64 games. Ninety different tips were available, with three variations of thirty tips each. Nintendo advertised its Funtastic Series of peripherals with a $ 10 million print and television campaign from February 28 to April 30, 2000. Leo Burnett Worldwide
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#17327722304033212-574: A secret underground Umbrella research facility. Wesker reveals himself to be a double agent for Umbrella and betrays his comrades. However, Wesker is seemingly murdered by a Tyrant, a special BOW that is the culmination of the Umbrella Corporation's research. Chris and Jill escape the mansion, but their testimony is ridiculed by Raccoon City's officials due to Umbrella's influence. Meanwhile, a separate viral outbreak occurs in another Umbrella research facility underneath Raccoon City. Most of
3358-549: A sense of panic in players when it first released. The text-based adventure games Mystery House (1980) and The Lurking Horror (1987) incorporated horror elements through their textual descriptions of rooms. ASCII Corporation 's Nostromo (1981) for the PC-6001 , inspired by the science fiction horror film Alien (1979), was a survival horror game that involves escaping from an invisible alien with limited available resources. Another notable early horror video game
3504-493: A variety of gameplay types. Historically, the classification of video games into genres ignores the narrative themes, which would include science fiction or fantasy games, instead preferring systems based on the style of gameplay or at times, types of game modes or by platform. Horror games is the only narrative-based classification that has generally not followed this pattern, with the narrative genre label used broadly for games designed to scare players. This broad association to
3650-538: A year, selling over five million copies. Following in the success of the Resident Evil 2 remake, Capcom revealed a remake of Resident Evil 3: Nemesis in December 2019, known as Resident Evil 3 . It was released in April 2020. In June 2022, a remake of Resident Evil 4 was announced, and released on March 24, 2023, for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S, and PC. The early Resident Evil games focused on
3796-450: Is not seen , rather than what is". These games commonly rely on the player-character's unreliable perceptions or questionable sanity in order to develop the story. Through the use of unreliable narrators , such games may explore the fear of losing one's capacity to think rationally or even to recognize one's own identity. Psychological horror games may not depend as much on action compared with survival horror games, instead giving time for
3942-407: Is Capcom's best-selling franchise and the best-selling horror game series, with 154 million copies sold worldwide as of December 2023. The first Resident Evil film was released in 2002, starring Milla Jovovich , followed by five sequels and a reboot, Welcome to Raccoon City (2021). The films received mostly negative reviews, but have grossed more than $ 1.2 billion, making Resident Evil
4088-477: Is a direct sequel to Resident Evil 7: Biohazard although it incorporates more action elements inspired from Resident Evil 4 . The game also marked the franchise's debut on PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S A new generation of remakes of older entries began in 2019 with a remake of Resident Evil 2 , being released for the PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One. The remake outsold the original game within
4234-405: Is a limited-size texture cache , which force textures of limited dimensions and reduced color depth, appearing stretched when covering in-game surfaces. The era's competing systems from Sony and Sega (the PlayStation and Saturn, respectively) used CD-ROM discs to store their games. As a result, game developers who had traditionally supported Nintendo game consoles were now developing games for
4380-417: Is one example of this style of game. Some other examples of jump scare horror games include Dino Crisis , Outlast , Poppy Playtime , Resident Evil , and Silent Hill . Reverse horror games involve the player scaring others, rather than the player being scared. Compared to a horror game, the player is instead what would be considered the antagonist. Reverse horror games generally involve assuming
4526-668: Is recruited to work for the U.S. Government. Resident Evil – Code: Veronica follows Claire as she escapes from a prison camp in the Southern Ocean and later reunites with Chris at an Umbrella research facility in Antarctica . Resident Evil 4 is set six years after the Raccoon City incident and focuses on Leon as he tries to rescue the U.S. President's daughter from a cult in Spain . A government investigation into
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4672-549: Is revealed to be alive and involved in the development of new potent viral agents and BOWs. In Resident Evil 5 , Wesker seeks to unleash a highly mutagenic virus that will infect all of humanity. Chris and the BSAA confront and kill Wesker in Africa before he can fulfill his mission. Resident Evil 6 features Leon and Chris meeting for the first time in the video game series. The two work separately to triage bioterrorist attacks in
4818-435: Is two Ultra 64 branded arcade games, Killer Instinct and Cruis'n USA . Not derived from Project Reality's console-based branch of Ultra 64, the arcade branch uses a different MIPS CPU, has no Reality Coprocessor , and uses onboard ROM chips and a hard drive instead of a cartridge. Killer Instinct features 3D character artwork pre-rendered into 2D form , and computer-generated movie backgrounds that are streamed off
4964-525: The Controller Pak accessory. The 64DD peripheral drive hosts both exclusive games and expansion content for cartridges, with many further accessories plus the defunct Internet service Randnet , but it was a commercial failure and was released only in Japan. Time named it Machine of the Year in 1996, and in 2011, IGN named it the ninth-greatest video game console of all time. The Nintendo 64
5110-604: The Expansion Pak . Rambus was quite new at the time and offered Nintendo a way to provide a large amount of bandwidth for a relatively low cost. Audio may be processed by the Reality Coprocessor or the CPU and is output to a DAC with up to 48.0 kHz sample rate. The system allows for video output in two formats: composite video and S-Video . The composite and S-Video cables are the same as those used with
5256-520: The PlayStation in 1996 and was later ported to the Sega Saturn . The first entry in the series was the first game to be dubbed a " survival horror ", a term coined for the new genre it initiated, and its critical and commercial success led to the production of two sequels, Resident Evil 2 in 1998 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis in 1999, both for the PlayStation. A port of Resident Evil 2
5402-522: The PlayStation . Nintendo's third-party developers protested its strict licensing policies. Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI), a long-time leader in graphics computing, was exploring expansion by adapting its supercomputing technology into the higher volume consumer market, starting with the video game market. SGI reduced its MIPS R4000 family of enterprise CPUs , to consume only 0.5 watts of power instead of 1.5 to 2 watts, with an estimated target price of US$ 40 instead of US$ 80 –200. The company created
5548-600: The Sony press conference during E3 2009 , Resident Evil Portable was announced for the PlayStation Portable , described as a new game being developed with "the PSP Go in mind" and "totally different for a Resident Evil game". No further announcements have been made, and the game is considered to have been canceled. In 2009, Resident Evil 5 was released for PlayStation 3 , Windows and Xbox 360 , becoming
5694-441: The game controller moves the character in the direction being faced, pressing down backpedals, and left and right rotates the character. This can feel counter-intuitive when the character is facing the camera, as the controls are essentially reversed in this state. This differs from many 3D games, in which characters move in the direction the player pushes the controls from the perspective of the camera. Some critics have posited that
5840-685: The "survival horror" term. It spawned the Resident Evil franchise, which defined and popularized survival horror games. 1995 saw the release of Clock Tower on the Super Famicom, which Carl Therrien claims is "clearly inspired by the slasher movie breed of uncanny." Sega's The House of the Dead (1996) was an arcade horror shooter game that introduced fast zombies who could run, jump and swim, whereas Konami's Silent Hill (1999) defined and popularized psychological horror games. While horror games were inspired by horror films up until
5986-441: The 1990s, horror games were later influencing horror films by the 2000s. The success of Resident Evil and House of the Dead sparked a renewed interest in zombie films by the 2000s, influencing hit zombie films such as 28 Days Later (2002), the Resident Evil film series , Dawn of the Dead (2004) and Shaun of the Dead (2004). The Resident Evil and House of the Dead games influenced zombie films to move towards
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6132-457: The April 21, 1996 release date with this end in mind, knowing in advance that the system would not be ready by that date. In its explanation of the delay, Nintendo claimed it needed more time for Nintendo 64 software to mature, and for third-party developers to produce games. Adrian Sfarti, a former engineer for SGI, attributed the delay to hardware problems; he claimed that the chips underperformed in testing and were being redesigned. In 1996,
6278-757: The NES and its successor, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), were commercially successful, sales for the SNES decreased as a result of the Japanese recession . Competition from emerging rival Sega 's 32-bit Saturn console over Nintendo's 16-bit SNES emphasized Nintendo's need to develop improved SNES hardware or risk losing market dominance to its competitors. The Atari 5200 , 7800 , Lynx , and Jaguar also competed with Nintendo during this time. Nintendo thought to enhance
6424-525: The Nintendo 64 saw brisk sales on the American gray market , with import stores charging as much as $ 699 plus shipping for the system. The Nintendo 64 was first sold in North America on September 26, 1996, though having been advertised for the 29th. It was launched with just two games in the United States, Pilotwings 64 and Super Mario 64 ; Cruis'n USA was pulled from the line-up less than
6570-638: The Nintendo 64's software development kit was completely redesigned as the Windows-based Partner-N64 system, by Kyoto Microcomputer, Co. Ltd. of Japan. The Nintendo 64's release date was later delayed again, to June 23, 1996. Nintendo said the reason for this delay, and in particular, the cancellation of plans to release the console in all markets worldwide simultaneously, was that the company's marketing studies now indicated that they would not be able to manufacture enough units to meet demand by April 21, 1996, potentially angering retailers in
6716-567: The PlayStation and PC but received mediocre reviews. The subsequent games, Resident Evil Survivor 2 – Code: Veronica and Resident Evil: Dead Aim , fared somewhat better. Dead Aim is the fourth Gun Survivor game in Japan, with Gun Survivor 3 being the Dino Crisis spin-off Dino Stalker . In a similar vein, the Chronicles series features first-person gameplay, albeit on an on-rails path. Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles
6862-425: The PlayStation. Through the difficulties with third parties, the Nintendo 64 supported popular games such as GoldenEye 007 , giving it a long market life. Additionally, Nintendo's strong first-party franchises such as Mario had strong name brand appeal. Second-parties of Nintendo, such as Rare , helped. The Nintendo 64 comes in several colors. The standard Nintendo 64 is charcoal gray, nearly black, and
7008-462: The SNES with a proposed CD-ROM peripheral , to be developed in partnership with other companies. Contracts with CD-ROM technology pioneers Philips and Sony failed after some hardware prototypes, and no games from Nintendo or other interested third parties were developed. Philips used the software portion of its license by releasing original Mario and Zelda games on its competing CD-i console, and Sony salvaged its internal progress to develop
7154-629: The STARS Beretta featured in Resident Evil 3 , and the Desert Eagle in a limited edition that came with other memorabilia in a wooden case, along with the Gold Lugers from Code: Veronica and the "Samurai Edge" pistol from the Resident Evil remake. Other merchandise includes an energy drink called "T-virus Antidote". Resident Evil Archives is a reference guide of the Resident Evil series written by staff members of Capcom. It
7300-514: The Umbrella Corporation reveals its involvement in the Raccoon City disaster and leads to the company's dissolution. Despite the downfall of the Umbrella Corporation, the company's research and BOWs proliferate across the black market and lead to the rise of bioterrorism. Chris and Jill establish the Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA) to combat these ever-growing threats on a global scale. Wesker
7446-425: The Umbrella Corporation, an international pharmaceutical company that secretly develops mutagenic viruses to further their "bio-organic weapons" (BOW) research. The company's viruses can transform humans into mindless zombies while also mutating plants and animals into horrifying monstrosities. The Umbrella Corporation uses its vast resources to effectively control Raccoon City, a fictional midwestern American city. In
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#17327722304037592-451: The United States, Eastern Europe , and China . They are assisted by Sherry, Wesker's illegitimate son Jake Muller, Ada, and many members of the BSAA and U.S. government. Resident Evil 7: Biohazard and Resident Evil Village introduce a new protagonist, Ethan Winters , who becomes entangled in a bioterrorism incident while searching for his missing wife. He encounters Chris and the BSAA, who help him rescue his wife and defeat Eveline,
7738-415: The United States, it was pointed out that securing the rights to the name Biohazard would be very difficult as a DOS game had been registered under that name, as well as a New York hardcore punk band called Biohazard . A contest was held among company personnel to choose a new name; this competition turned up Resident Evil , the name under which it was released in the west. Resident Evil made its debut on
7884-645: The animated sprites used in the action-based gameplay as to give the fidelity to the details of the horror scene. Sega 's Monster Bash (1982) was a horror-themed arcade action game that depicted classic movie monsters such as Count Dracula , Frankenstein's monster and werewolves . Other horror-themed action games that followed in the late 1980s included Capcom 's Ghosts 'n Goblins (1985), Konami 's Castlevania (1986), and Sega's Ghost House (1986) and Kenseiden (1988), with more violent gory arcade horror games including Exidy 's Chiller (1986) and Namco 's Splatterhouse (1988). One of
8030-480: The asymmetric multiplayer modes in Dead by Daylight and Friday the 13th: The Game , in which one player controls the monster or the killer that is chasing the other players. The incorporation of general horror genre themes into video games came early on in the medium, inspired by horror fiction and especially horror films . The earliest rudimentary attempt at a horror video game dates back to as early as 1972, when
8176-570: The best selling game of the franchise despite mixed fan reception. Capcom revealed the third-person shooter Resident Evil: Operation Raccoon City , which was developed by Slant Six Games for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Windows and released in March 2012. A survival horror game for the Nintendo 3DS , Resident Evil: Revelations , was released in February 2012. In October of the same year,
8322-451: The best-defined and most common types of horror games are survival horror games. These games tend to focus on the survival of the player-character in a horror setting with limited resources, and thus tend to be more geared as an action game or action-adventure game . A common theme of these games is escape or survival from the equivalent of a zombie apocalypse , with weapons, ammunition, and armor limited. The Resident Evil series coined
8468-636: The books on a few occasions. One notable addition from the novels is the original character Trent, who often served as a mysterious behind-the-scenes string-puller who aided the main characters. Perry's novels were translated and released in Japan with new cover arts by Wolfina. Perry's novels, particularly The Umbrella Conspiracy , also alluded to events in Biohazard: The Beginning , such as the disappearance of Billy Rabbitson and Brian Irons' bid to run for Mayor. A reprinting of Perry's novels with new cover artwork began in 2012 to coincide with
8614-499: The cartridge medium for the Nintendo 64 has been cited as a key factor in the company losing its dominant position in the gaming market. Some of the cartridge's advantages are difficult for developers to manifest prominently, requiring innovative solutions which only came late in the console's life cycle. Nintendo cited several advantages for making the Nintendo 64 cartridge-based, primarily cartridges' very fast load times in comparison to compact disc-based games. Being able to play
8760-442: The cartridge's limitations became apparent with software ported from other consoles, so Nintendo 64 versions of cross-platform games were truncated or redesigned with the storage limits of a cartridge in mind. For instance this meant fewer textures, and/or shorter music tracks, while full motion video was not usually feasible for use in cutscenes unless heavily compressed and of very brief length. Another of its technical drawbacks
8906-442: The city's residents are infected and become zombies. Resident Evil 2 introduces two new protagonists, Leon S. Kennedy , a rookie police officer and Claire Redfield , the younger sister of Chris. Leon and Claire arrive in Raccoon City amidst the chaos of the viral outbreak. Leon is aided by Ada Wong , a corporate spy posing as an FBI agent , while Claire rescues Sherry Birkin, the daughter of two prominent Umbrella researchers. At
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#17327722304039052-552: The competition. Some third-party developers, such as Square and Enix , whose Final Fantasy VII and Dragon Warrior VII were initially planned for the Nintendo 64, switched to the PlayStation, citing the insufficient storage capacity of the N64 cartridges. Some who remained released fewer games to the Nintendo 64; Konami released fifty PlayStation games, but only twenty nine for the Nintendo 64. New Nintendo 64 game releases were infrequent while new games were coming out rapidly for
9198-509: The console was ultimately launched at US$ 199.99 to make it competitive with Sony and Sega offerings, as both the Saturn and PlayStation had been lowered to $ 199.99 earlier that summer. Nintendo priced the console as an impulse purchase , a strategy from the toy industry. The price of the console in the United States was further reduced in August 1998. The Nintendo 64's North American launch
9344-610: The console's 3D capabilities . Its design was mostly complete by mid-1995 and launch was delayed until 1996 for the completion of the launch games Super Mario 64 , Pilotwings 64 , and the Japanese-exclusive Saikyō Habu Shōgi . The charcoal-gray console was followed by a series of color variants. Some games require the Expansion Pak accessory to increase system RAM from 4 MB to 8 MB, for improved graphics and functionality. The console mainly supports saved game storage either onboard cartridges or on
9490-491: The console's RSP (Reality Signal Processor) unit. In addition, 32-bit code executes faster and requires less storage space (which is at a premium on the Nintendo 64's cartridges). In terms of its random-access memory (RAM), the Nintendo 64 was one of the first consoles to implement a unified memory subsystem, instead of having separate banks of memory for CPU, audio, and video operations. The memory itself consists of 4 megabytes of Rambus RDRAM , expandable to 8 MB with
9636-401: The control scheme is intentionally clumsy, meant to enhance stress and exacerbate difficulty. While the first three entries in the series featured this control scheme, the third, Resident Evil 3: Nemesis , saw some action-oriented additions. These included a 180 degree turn and dodge command that, according to GameSpot , "hinted at a new direction that the series would go in." Later games in
9782-524: The direction of Osamu Yagihashi. The stage play was performed from early July to late August. Biohazard The Stage was released in Japan in 2015. The play focused on iconic characters, Chris Redfield and Rebecca Chambers, as Philosophy University in Australia is experiencing a bioterrorist attack. The production was handled by Avex Live Creative and Ace Crew Entertainment, under supervision from Capcom. The following year, Musical Biohazard ~Voice of Gaia~
9928-426: The early prototype had revealed several hardware problems. Those were subsequently resolved, but Sega had already decided against SGI's design. Nintendo disputed this account, arguing that SGI chose Nintendo because Nintendo was the more appealing partner. Sega demanded exclusive rights to the chip, but Nintendo offered a non-exclusive license. Michael Slater, publisher of Microprocessor Report said, "The mere fact of
10074-531: The embedded software. Some chip technology and manufacturing was provided by NEC , Toshiba , and Sharp . SGI had recently acquired MIPS Computer Systems (renamed to MIPS Technologies ), and the two worked together to be ultimately responsible for the design of the Reality Immersion Technology chips under engineering director Jim Foran and chief hardware architect Tim Van Hook. The initial Project Reality game development platform
10220-494: The expense of lowered profit margin for Nintendo. While unauthorized N64 interface devices for the PC were later developed, these devices are rare when compared to a regular CD drive used on the PlayStation, which suffered widespread copyright infringement. The big strength was the N64 cartridge. We use the cartridge almost like normal RAM and are streaming all level data, textures, animations, music, sound and even program code while
10366-531: The film's theatrical release. There was also a Japanese novelization of the first film, unrelated to DeCandido's version, written by Osamu Makino. Makino also wrote two novels based on the game Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles . The books are a two-part direct novelization of the game and are published in Japanese and German only. The first novel, titled Biohazard: The Umbrella Chronicles Side A in Japan and Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles 1 in Germany,
10512-525: The final Ultra 64 product, allowing LucasArts developers to port their Star Wars game prototype to console reference hardware in only three days. The console's design was publicly revealed for the first time in late Q2 1994. Images of the console displayed the Nintendo Ultra 64 logo and a ROM cartridge , but no controller. This prototype console's form factor would be retained by the product when it eventually launched. Having initially indicated
10658-528: The finalization of the console hardware specifications. When the Ultra 64 hardware was finalized, that supercomputer-based prototyping platform was later supplanted by a much cheaper and fully accurate console simulation board to be hosted within a low-end SGI Indy workstation in July 1995. SGI's early performance estimates based upon its supercomputing platform were ultimately reported to have been fairly accurate to
10804-603: The first 64-bit game console with their Atari Jaguar , but the Jaguar only uses a general 64-bit architecture in conjunction with two 32-bit RISC processors and a 16/32-bit Motorola 68000 . Later in Q2 1994, Nintendo signed a licensing agreement with Midway 's parent company which enabled Midway to develop and market arcade games with the Ultra 64 brand, and formed a joint venture company called "Williams/Nintendo" to market Nintendo-exclusive home conversions of these games. The result
10950-404: The first issue was published on March 11, 2009. On November 11, 2009, the third issue was released, and the fourth was released March 24, 2010. The sixth and final book was finally published in February 2011. In the summer of 2000, Bioroid: Year Zero was performed in Japan. It was a musical horror-comedy but took the perspective of the infected. Super Eccentric Theater put on the production under
11096-489: The franchise shifted to more dynamic shooting action, popularizing the "over-the-shoulder" third-person view in action-adventure games. The franchise returned to survival horror with Resident Evil 7: Biohazard (2017) and Resident Evil Village (2021), which used a first-person perspective . Capcom has also released four Resident Evil remakes : Resident Evil (2002), Resident Evil 2 (2019), Resident Evil 3 (2020) and Resident Evil 4 (2023). Resident Evil
11242-538: The game is running. With the final size of the levels and the amount of textures, the RAM of the N64 never would have been even remotely enough to fit any individual level. So the cartridge technology really saved the day. Factor 5, Bringing Indy to N64 at IGN On the downside, cartridges took longer to manufacture than CDs, with each production run (from order to delivery) taking two weeks or more. This meant that publishers of Nintendo 64 games had to predict demand for
11388-443: The game. However, there are some specific areas in the broad horror game classification that have been identified as unique subgenres in horror. Action horror games use action game elements from first person and third-person shooter games alongside the survival horror themes, making them more fast-paced than survival horror games. These grew in popularity following the release of Resident Evil 4 in 2005 and which persisted in
11534-401: The games' premise but feature some game characters. The series' protagonist is Alice , an original character created for the films portrayed by Milla Jovovich . Despite a negative reaction from critics, the live-action film series has made over $ 1 billion worldwide. They are, to date, the only video game adaptations to increase the amount of money made with each successive film. The series holds
11680-423: The games, most notably Resident Evil , Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 4 , have been bestowed with multiple Game of the Year honors and often placed on lists of the best video games ever made. In 1999, Next Generation listed the Resident Evil series as number 13 on their "Top 50 Games of All Time", commenting that, "Flawless graphics, excellent music, and a top-notch storyline all combined to make
11826-578: The genre. With more graphical capabilities, games should start to include horror-related imagery, often present in the licensed games based on horror films in the 1980s and 1990s such as The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1983), Halloween (1983) and Friday the 13th (1989), as well as games inspired by horror films such as the survival horror Project Firestart (1989) inspired by the Alien films. Due to limitations of consoles and computers, these horror images were often limited to cutscenes rather than
11972-402: The graphic style of older platforms, such as the low-poly graphics of the first PlayStation console or even pixel art, rather than high realism from modern 3D graphics. Besides capturing a sense of nostalgia, developers are able to use retro-inspired graphics on modern hardware to continue to manipulate the player and surprise them beyond the expectations of the visuals, such as giving the player
12118-458: The hard drive and animated as the characters move horizontally. Previously, the plan had been to release the console with the name "Ultra Famicom" in Japan and "Nintendo Ultra 64" in other markets. Rumors circulated attributing the name change to the possibility of legal action by Konami 's ownership of the Ultra Games trademark. Nintendo said that trademark issues were not a factor, and
12264-452: The idea that the game itself is cursed and potentially breaking the fourth wall . Nintendo 64 The Nintendo 64 ( N64 ) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo . It was released in Japan on June 23, 1996, in North America on September 29, 1996, and in Europe and Australia on March 1, 1997. The successor to the Super Nintendo Entertainment System , it
12410-420: The initial shipment of 300,000 units sold out on the first day, Nintendo successfully avoided a repeat of the Super Famicom launch day pandemonium, in part by using a wider retail network which included convenience stores. The remaining 200,000 units of the first production run shipped on June 26 and 30, with almost all of them reserved ahead of time. In the months between the Japanese and North American launches,
12556-447: The last two books were translated into German and published in 2006. Novelizations of the films Genesis , Apocalypse , and Extinction were written by Keith DeCandido . Afterlife did not receive a novelization due to Capcom's decision to discontinue working with Pocket Books , who had been their primary source of publishing books up to that point, Capcom would later make Titan Books their primary publisher going forth. Retribution
12702-554: The limits of cartridge storage capacity. Nintendo 64 cartridges had a maximum of 64 MB of data, whereas CDs held 650 MB. The Los Angeles Times initially defended the quality control incentives associated with working with limited storage on cartridges, citing Nintendo's position that cartridge game developers tend to "place a premium on substance over flash", and noted that the N64 launch games are free of "poorly acted live-action sequences or half-baked musical overtures" which it says tend to be found on CD-ROM games. However,
12848-414: The most well-known "haunted house" themed graphic adventure games was Maniac Mansion (1987) by LucasArts . Sweet Home (1989) was a survival horror role-playing video game based on the Japanese horror film of the same name . It was Capcom's first survival horror title, directed by Tokuro Fujiwara , who had earlier designed Ghosts 'n Goblins and later went on to produce Resident Evil , which
12994-473: The narrative theme of horror games leads to the lack of well-defined subgenres of horror games. Many gameplay-defined genres have numerous games with horror themes, notably the Castlevania platform game series uses monsters and creatures borrowed from numerous horror mythos. In such cases, these games are still categorized by their original gameplay genre, the horror aspect considered a literary aspect of
13140-420: The next numbered entry in the main series, Resident Evil 6 , was released to mixed reviews, but enthusiastic pre-order sales. In 2013, producer Masachika Kawata said the Resident Evil franchise would return to focus on elements of horror and suspense over action, adding that "survival horror as a genre is never going to be on the same level, financially, as shooters and much more popular, mainstream games. At
13286-516: The next two titles, Resident Evil 5 and Resident Evil 6 , with gameplay that focused more on action-oriented combat than puzzles and problem-solving from previous titles ( Resident Evil 7 returned to the series' survival horror roots). Examples of action horror games include The House of the Dead series, the Dead Space series, the Left 4 Dead series, and The Last of Us . One of
13432-409: The original Resident Evil , members of an elite police task force, Special Tactics and Rescue Service (STARS), are lured to a derelict mansion on the outskirts of Raccoon City. The STARS team is mostly decimated by zombies and other BOWs, leaving only a handful of survivors, including Chris Redfield , Jill Valentine , and Albert Wesker . Chris and Jill explore the zombie-infested mansion and uncover
13578-409: The original Resident Evil , in which Chris investigates the disappearance of his missing friend, Billy Rabbitson. S. D. Perry has written novelizations of the first five games, as well as two original novels taking place between games. The novels often take liberties with the games' plot by exploring events occurring outside and beyond the games. This often meant that the games would later contradict
13724-545: The player to explore and witness events. The Silent Hill series, which is also based on survival horror elements, is considered one of the defining psychological horror games. Frictional Games' Penumbra and Amnesia series and their standalone game SOMA explore ethical and philosophical questions, and the psychology, motivations and fallible sides of their largely defenseless protagonists, subjected to mysterious events largely beyond their control. Games with an emphasis on psychological horror may also take advantage of
13870-452: The player when they do not expect it, as well as creating a sense of dread while anticipating the next jump scare. While jump scares may be elements in other horror games along with other gameplay aspects, jump scare horror games are generally limited to this type of gameplay mechanism. They are often aimed towards generating reactions from players, which have proven popular to watch over streaming playthroughs of games. Five Nights at Freddy's
14016-410: The popular Slenderman creepypasta , and became one of the first games to gain popularity from viewers watching reactions to online streamers playing the game. The Five Nights at Freddy's series by Scott Cawthon also similarly captured popularity through watching streamers' reactions to jump-scares. More recently in the early 2020s, indie horrors games have found a new aesthetic based on emulating
14162-456: The possibility of utilising the increasingly popular CD-ROM if the medium's endemic performance problems were solved, the company now announced a much faster but space-limited cartridge-based system, which prompted open analysis by the gaming press. The system was frequently marketed as the world's first 64-bit gaming system, often stating the console was more powerful than the first Moon landing computers. Atari had already claimed to have made
14308-462: The potential for much greater losses to the game's publisher in the case of a flop, making the less risky CD medium tempting for third-party companies. Some third-party companies also complained that they were at an unfair disadvantage against Nintendo first-party developers when publishing games for the Nintendo 64, since Nintendo owned the manufacturing plant where cartridges for their consoles are made and therefore could sell their first party games at
14454-552: The preceding Super NES and succeeding GameCube platforms. The Nintendo 64 supports 16.8 million colors . The system can display resolutions from 320×240 up to 640×480 pixels. Most games that make use of the system's higher resolution mode require use of the Expansion Pak RAM upgrade; though several do not, such as Acclaim's NFL Quarterback Club series and EA Sports 's second generation Madden , FIFA , Supercross , and NHL games. The majority of games use
14600-470: The prequel Resident Evil Zero , both released in 2002, as well as Resident Evil 4 (2005)—were all released initially as GameCube exclusives. Resident Evil 4 was later released for Windows, PlayStation 2, and Wii . A trilogy of GunCon -compatible light gun games known as the Gun Survivor series featured first-person gameplay. The first, Resident Evil Survivor , was released in 2000 for
14746-405: The record for the "Most Live-Action Film Adaptations of a Video Game" in the 2012 Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition , which also described it as "the most successful movie series to be based on a video game." A reboot, Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City , was released on November 24, 2021, with Johannes Roberts as writer/director. The first computer animated film for the franchise
14892-599: The release of Resident Evil: Retribution and its respective novelization. There are a trilogy of original Biohazard novels in Japan. Hokkai no Yōjū ( 北海の妖獣 , lit. "The Strange Beast of the North Sea") was published in 1998 and was written by Kyū Asakura and the staff of Flagship. Two additional novels were published in 2002, To the Liberty by Sudan Kimura and Rose Blank by Tadashi Aizawa. While no official English translation of these novels has been published yet,
15038-434: The role of a monster or villain . In comparison to the victim, the main character has some sort of advantage over the others, such as enhanced vision, greater strength, or supernatural abilities. Reverse horror games may also derive from an original horror game, developed as a sequel or prequel to the original, intended to display the perspective of the titular antagonist. Examples of reverse horror games include Carrion and
15184-445: The same time, I think we need to have the confidence to put money behind these projects, and it doesn't mean we can't focus on what we need to do as a survival horror game to meet fan's needs." Resident Evil: Revelations 2 , an episodic game set between Resident Evil 5 and Resident Evil 6 , was released in March 2015. A series of team-based multiplayer games were developed beginning with the poorly received Umbrella Corps , which
15330-432: The same time, Jill makes her escape from the city in Resident Evil 3: Nemesis . She is relentlessly pursued by a new Tyrant, Nemesis , who is deployed by Umbrella to eliminate all surviving STARS members. The U.S. Government destroys Raccoon City with a missile strike to sterilize the viral outbreak. Leon, Claire, Sherry, Ada, and Jill escape the city before its eradication. Claire continues to look for Chris, whereas Leon
15476-406: The same way Sega had done with its surprise early launch of the Saturn in North America and Europe. To counteract the possibility that gamers would grow impatient with the wait for the Nintendo 64 and purchase one of the several competing consoles already on the market, Nintendo ran ads for the system well in advance of its announced release dates, with slogans like "Wait for it..." and "Is it worth
15622-548: The series and the first survival horror game to feature cooperative gameplay . It was followed by a sequel, Resident Evil Outbreak: File #2 . Raccoon City is a metropolis located in the Arklay Mountains of the Midwestern United States that succumbed to the deadly T-virus outbreak and was consequently destroyed via a nuclear missile attack issued by the United States government. The town served as
15768-644: The series had sold 17 million units worldwide, earning more than $ 600 million . By 2011, it had sold about 46 million copies and was estimated to have grossed at least $ 1.3 billion . It is recognized by Guinness World Records as the best-selling survival horror series, with Resident Evil 2 remake being the best-selling survival horror game as of 2023. Seven of the top ten best-selling horror games in North America are Resident Evil games. Horror game Unlike most other video game genres, which are classified by their gameplay , horror games are nearly always based on narrative or visual presentation, and use
15914-683: The series' publication) and thus were contradicted by later games. Wildstorm also published a four-issue miniseries, Resident Evil: Fire & Ice , which depicted the ordeal of Charlie Team, a third STARS team created specifically for the comic. In 2009, Wildstorm reprinted Fire & Ice in a trade paperback collection. In Hong Kong, there has been officially licensed Biohazard manhua adaptations of Biohazard 0 by publisher Yulang Group, Biohazard 2 by Kings Fountain, Biohazard 3 Supplemental Edition by Cao Zhihao and, Biohazard 3 The Last Escape , and Biohazard Code: Veronica by Lee Chung Hing published by Tinhangse Publishing. The Code: Veronica manhua
16060-813: The series' signature tank controls. Resident Evil 7 is the first main Resident Evil game to use the first-person perspective and to use virtual reality . It drew comparisons to modern survival horror games such as Outlast and PT . The eighth main-series game, Resident Evil Village , also features a first-person perspective. A VR version of Resident Evil 4 was released on the Oculus Quest 2 on October 21, 2021. The Resident Evil franchise features video games and tie-in merchandise and products, including various live-action and animated films, comic books, and novels. From 2002 to 2016, six live-action Resident Evil films were produced, all written and produced by Paul W. S. Anderson . The films do not follow
16206-449: The series, like Resident Evil 4 , would feature a more fluid over-the-shoulder third-person camera instead of a fixed camera for each room, while Resident Evil 7 and Resident Evil Village are played from the first-person perspective . Resident Evil 4 saw significant changes to the established gameplay, including switching from fixed camera perspectives to a tracking camera , and more action-oriented gameplay and mechanics. This
16352-429: The series. The first game introduced a control scheme that the player community has come to refer to as " tank controls " to the series. In a game with tank controls, players control movement relative to the position of the player character , rather than relative to the fixed virtual camera from which the player views the current scene. Pressing up (for example on a D-pad , analog stick , or cursor movement keys ) on
16498-433: The sole reason for any name change was to establish a single worldwide brand and logo for the console. The new global name "Nintendo 64" was proposed by Earthbound series developer Shigesato Itoi . The prefix for the model numbering scheme for hardware and software across the Nintendo 64 platform is "NUS-", a reference to the console's original name of "Nintendo Ultra Sixty-four". The newly renamed Nintendo 64 console
16644-425: The source design which SGI had reduced down to become the Reality Immersion Technology for Project Reality. The Project Reality team prototyped a game controller for the development system by modifying a Super NES controller to have a primitive analog joystick and Z trigger. Under maximal secrecy even from the rest of the company, a LucasArts developer said his team would "furtively hide the prototype controller in
16790-461: The system's low resolution 320×240 mode. Many games support a video display ratio of up to 16:9 using either anamorphic widescreen or letterboxing . The Nintendo 64 controller has an "M" shape with 10 buttons, one analog control stick , and a directional pad . The Nintendo 64 is one of the first with four controller ports. According to Shigeru Miyamoto, Nintendo opted to have four controller ports for its first console powerful enough to handle
16936-455: The term and serves as the prime example of such games, though key conventions of the subgenre preceded the Resident Evil series. Other notable survival horror series include Alone in the Dark , Clock Tower , Silent Hill , Fatal Frame , and Parasite Eve . Psychological horror games are meant to scare the player through emotional, mental, or psychological states rather than through monsters or other scares. The fear comes from "what
17082-489: The third-highest-grossing video game film series . The development of the first Resident Evil , released as Biohazard in Japan, began in 1993 when Capcom 's Tokuro Fujiwara told Shinji Mikami and other co-workers to create a game using elements from Fujiwara's 1989 game Sweet Home on the Family Computer (Famicom) in Japan. When in late 1994 marketing executives were setting up to release Biohazard in
17228-542: The video entertainment industry [and already] powers computers ranging from PCs to supercomputers". —SGI press release, August 23, 1993 Following the video game crash of 1983 , Nintendo led the industry with its first home game console, the Famicom , originally released in Japan in 1983 and later released internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) beginning in 1985. Though
17374-519: The video game medium to break the fourth wall and appear to affect the player's computer or console directly, such as with OMORI , Eternal Darkness and Doki Doki Literature Club! Psychological horror games may still be tied to action-based genres; Spec Ops: The Line is a third-person shooter but with a psychological horror narrative inspired by works like Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now . Jump scare horror games are designed around moments aimed to immediately surprise or shock
17520-407: The wait? Only if you want the best!" Popular Electronics called the launch a "much hyped, long-anticipated moment". Several months before the launch, GamePro reported that many gamers, including a large percentage of their own editorial staff, were already saying they favored the Nintendo 64 over the Saturn and PlayStation. The console was first released in Japan on June 23, 1996. Though
17666-543: The year before. The PAL version of the console was released in Europe on March 1, 1997, except for France where it was released on September 1 of the same year. According to Nintendo of America representatives, Nintendo had been planning a simultaneous launch in Japan, North America, and Europe, but market studies indicated that worldwide demand for the system far exceeded the number of units they could have ready by launch, potentially leading to consumer and retailer frustration. Originally intended to be priced at US$ 250 ,
17812-408: The years, various toy companies have acquired the Resident Evil license, with each producing their own unique line of Resident Evil action figures or models. These include, but are not limited to, Toy Biz , Palisades Toys , NECA , and Hot Toys . Tokyo Marui also produced replicas of the guns used in the Resident Evil series in the form of gas blow-back airsoft guns. Some models included
17958-650: The yet unnamed product would be "developed specifically for Nintendo, would be unveiled in arcades in 1994, and would be available for home use by late 1995 ... below $ 250". This announcement coincided with Nintendo's August 1993 Shoshinkai trade show . SGI had named the core components Reality Immersion Technology, which would be first used in Project Reality: the MIPS R4300i CPU, the MIPS Reality Coprocessor graphics chip, and
18104-481: Was Biohazard 4D-Executer . It was a short 3D film produced for Japanese theme parks and did not feature any characters from the game. Starting in 2008, a series of feature-length computer-animated films have been released. These films take place in the same continuity with the games of the series, and feature characters such as Leon Kennedy , Claire Redfield , Ada Wong , Chris Redfield , Jill Valentine and Rebecca Chambers . Resident Evil: Infinite Darkness ,
18250-551: Was Haunted House (1982) for the Atari 2600 . At that point, video game technology lacked the fidelity to carry the themes of horror in the technology and was instead wrapped more in game manuals and other presentation materials. 3D Monster Maze (1982) for the Sinclair ZX81 , while not containing images tied with horror games, was one of the first games to induce the feeling of suspense and mystery typically associated with
18396-434: Was backed with a $ 54 million marketing campaign by Leo Burnett Worldwide (meaning over $ 100 in marketing per North American unit that had been manufactured up to this point). While the competing Saturn and PlayStation both set teenagers and adults as their target audience, the Nintendo 64's target audience was pre-teens. To boost sales during the slow post-Christmas season, Nintendo and General Mills worked together on
18542-423: Was complemented by an abundance of ammunition and revised aiming and melee mechanics. Some critics claimed that this overhauled control scheme "made the game less scary." The next two games in the franchise furthered the action-oriented mechanics: Resident Evil 5 featured cooperative play and added strafing, while Resident Evil 6 allowed players to move while aiming and shooting for the first time, fully abandoning
18688-415: Was developed and sold by SGI in the form of its Onyx supercomputer costing US$ 100,000 – US$ 250,000 (equivalent to $ 513,920 in 2023) and loaded with the namesake US$ 50,000 RealityEngine 2 graphics boards and four 150 MHz R4400 CPUs. Its software includes early Project Reality application and emulation APIs based on Performer and OpenGL . This graphics supercomputing platform had served as
18834-539: Was discontinued in 2002 following the 2001 launch of its successor, the GameCube , having sold over 32 million units globally. The Nintendo 64 was critically acclaimed and, although it sold less than PlayStation, remained at a strong position in the United States, but it commercially failed in Japan. "At the heart of the [Project Reality] system will be a version of the MIPS(r) Multimedia Engine,
18980-758: Was in charge again. The console's main microprocessor is a 64-bit NEC VR4300 CPU with a clock rate of 93.75 MHz and a performance of 125 million instructions per second . Popular Electronics said it had power similar to the Pentium processors found in desktop computers. Except for its narrower 32-bit system bus , the VR4300 retained the computational abilities of the more powerful 64-bit MIPS R4300i, though software rarely took advantage of 64-bit data precision operations. Nintendo 64 games generally used faster and more compact 32-bit data-operations, as these were sufficient to generate 3D-scene data for
19126-457: Was later ported to the PlayStation 2 and GameCube as Code: Veronica X . Despite earlier announcements that the next game in the series would be released for the PlayStation 2, which resulted in the creation of an unrelated game, Devil May Cry , Mikami decided to make the series exclusively for the GameCube. The next three games in the series—a remake of the original Resident Evil and
19272-670: Was later released in December 2011 and covers Resident Evil 4 , Resident Evil 5 , the new scenarios detailed in Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles and Resident Evil: The Darkside Chronicles , and the 2008 CGI movie, Resident Evil: Degeneration . The second Archives volume was also translated by Capcom and published by BradyGames. A Resident Evil theme restaurant called Biohazard Cafe & Grill S.T.A.R.S. opened in Tokyo in 2012. Halloween Horror Nights 2013, held at Universal Orlando , featured
19418-639: Was nicknamed the "Dream Team": Silicon Graphics, Inc. ; Alias Research, Inc. ; Software Creations ; Rambus, Inc. ; MultiGen, Inc.; Rare, Ltd. and Rare Coin-It Toys & Games, Inc. ; WMS Industries, Inc. ; Acclaim Entertainment, Inc. ; Williams Entertainment, Inc. ; Paradigm Simulation, Inc. ; Spectrum Holobyte ; DMA Design Ltd. ; Angel Studios ; Ocean ; Time Warner Interactive ; and Mindscape . By purchasing and developing upon Project Reality's graphics supercomputing platform, Nintendo and its Dream Team could begin prototyping their games according to SGI's estimated console performance profile, prior to
19564-412: Was originally intended to be a remake of Sweet Home . Phantasmagoria (1995) by Roberta Williams was one of the earliest psychological horror games. Alone in the Dark (1992), developed by Infogrames and inspired by H.P. Lovecraft fiction and George A. Romero zombie films , was one of the first survival horror games to bring a more immersive presentation, using crude 3D figures drawn atop
19710-428: Was originally slated for release by Christmas of 1995. In May 1995, Nintendo delayed the release to April 21, 1996. Consumers anticipating a Nintendo release the following year at a lower price than the competition reportedly reduced the sales of competing Sega and Sony consoles during the important Christmas shopping season. Electronic Gaming Monthly editor Ed Semrad even suggested that Nintendo may have announced
19856-567: Was released for Windows , PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in January 2017. Set in a dilapidated mansion in Louisiana, the game uses a first-person perspective and emphasizes horror and exploration over action, unlike previous installments. The first-person perspective continued in the eighth mainline game Resident Evil Village . Released in May 2021, the game, set in a mysterious European village,
20002-572: Was released for the Nintendo 64 . In addition, ports of all three were released for Windows . The fourth game in the series, Resident Evil – Code: Veronica , was developed for the Dreamcast and released in 2000, followed by ports of Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis . Resident Evil – Code: Veronica was later re-released for Dreamcast in Japan in an updated form as Code: Veronica Complete , which included slight changes, many of which revolved around story cutscenes. This updated version
20148-460: Was released in 2007 for the Wii, with a sequel, Resident Evil: The Darkside Chronicles released in 2009 (both were later ported to the PlayStation 3 in 2012). Resident Evil Outbreak is an online game for the PlayStation 2, released in 2003, depicting a series of episodic storylines in Raccoon City set during the same period as Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis . It was the first in
20294-558: Was released in June 2016. Resident Evil: Resistance was released in April 2020, followed by Resident Evil Re:Verse in October 2022, with both being available for free to those who bought Resident Evil 3 and Village respectively. Using the new RE Engine , which would develop the next generation of Resident Evil games, the series continued to shift back towards more horror elements. The next mainline game, Resident Evil 7: Biohazard
20440-585: Was released in September. It was produced by Umeda Arts Theater by director G2 and composer, Shunsuke Wada. Biohazard the Experience was the second Resident Evil play produced by Avex Live Creative and Ace Crew Entertainment. The story is set in 2015 and follows a cast of thirteen survivors who were abducted and woke up in a mansion during an outbreak. Most of the games in the prominent Resident Evil series have been released to positive reviews. Some of
20586-428: Was released on December 22, 2007. The second novel, titled Biohazard: The Umbrella Chronicles Side B in Japan and Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles 2 in Germany, was published in January 2008. In 1997, Marvel Comics published a single-issue prologue comic based on the original Resident Evil , released through a promotional giveaway alongside the original PlayStation game. In 1998, WildStorm began producing
20732-435: Was the last major home console to use a ROM cartridge as its primary storage format. As a fifth-generation console , the Nintendo 64 primarily competed with Sony 's PlayStation and the Sega Saturn . Development began in 1993 in partnership with Silicon Graphics , using the codename Project Reality, then a test model and arcade platform called Ultra 64. The final design was named after its 64-bit CPU , which aided in
20878-467: Was translated into English and published by BradyGames . The guide describes and summarizes all of the key events that occur in Resident Evil Zero , Resident Evil , Resident Evil 2 , Resident Evil 3: Nemesis , and Code: Veronica . The main plot analysis also contains character relationship charts, artwork, item descriptions, and file transcripts for all five games. A second Archives book
21024-452: Was translated into English, formatted to look like an American comic and distributed by WildStorm as a series of four graphic novel collections. In 2009, Wildstorm began publishing a Resident Evil comic book prequel to Resident Evil 5 , which centers on two original members of the BSAA, Mina Gere and Holiday Sugarman. Written by Ricardo Sanchez and illustrated by Kevin Sharpe and Jim Clark,
21170-518: Was unveiled to the public in playable form on November 24, 1995, at Nintendo's 7th Annual Shoshinkai trade show. Eager for a preview, "hordes of Japanese schoolkids huddled in the cold outside ... the electricity of anticipation clearly rippling through their ranks". Game Zero magazine disseminated photos of the event two days later. Official coverage by Nintendo followed later via the Nintendo Power website and print magazine. The console
21316-477: Was written by John Shirley , while The Final Chapter was written by Tim Waggoner . Genesis was published over two years after that film's release and coincided with the publication of Apocalypse , Genesis being marketed as a prequel to Apocalypse , while the Extinction novel was released in late July 2007, two months before the film's release. The Final Chapter was published in December 2016 alongside
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