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116-698: The Bronx Museum of the Arts ( BxMA ), also called the Bronx Museum of Art or simply the Bronx Museum , is an American cultural institution located in Concourse, Bronx, New York . The museum focuses on contemporary and 20th-century works created by American artists, but it has hosted exhibitions of art and design from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Its permanent collection consists of more than 800 paintings, sculptures, photographs, and works on paper. The museum

232-402: A 2.3-acre (0.93 ha) waterfront promenade, a public plaza, a performance space, a movie theater, and the hip hop museum. Concourse is divided into two neighborhood tabulation areas, East Concourse/Concourse Village and West Concourse, which collectively comprise the population of Concourse. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the combined population of Concourse was 101,566,

348-410: A Native American trail, a visitor can view Manhattan and surrounding rooftops from the terrace within the park. The park was extended in the 1960s to include a ball fields on the south side. A comfort area was added in 1993. Mullaly Park, named for reporter and park advocate John Mullaly , is an active-use recreational space with a pool and a skate park. Expanded in 2009, Macombs Dam Park includes

464-756: A Stadium Tennis Center. In the 2000s, the New York City Department of Transportation started making capital, aesthetic, and safety improvements to the Grand Concourse with much of the work completed within the Concourse neighborhood. A redesign of 161st Street during the 2000 reconstruction of the Grand Concourse brought additional pedestrian space to the neighborhood. In 2011, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated

580-630: A branch of the Centre Pompidou museum of modern art in Paris, was designed by Shigeru Ban , a Japanese architect who won the Pritzker Prize for Architecture in 2014. The roof is the most dramatic feature of the building; it is a 90 m (300 ft) wide hexagon with a surface area of 8,000 m (86,000 sq ft), composed of sixteen kilometers of glued laminated timber , that intersect to form hexagonal wooden units resembling

696-468: A career retrospective of African American artist Romare Bearden and a presentation of the then-evolving school of computer -generated art. More recent exhibitions have included the 2006 presentation "Tropicalia: A Revolution in Brazilian Culture" and the 2008 overview of street-level photography by Jamel Shabazz , a Harlem -based artist. In 2013, the museum won a competition to represent

812-701: A carpet of polished stone, suggests a bomb about to explode. He declared that in its originality it was one of the most important concert halls built in the last 100 years". ranking with the Walt Disney Concert Hall , in Los Angeles, and the Berliner Philharmonie . The interior of the Copenhagen Opera House by Henning Larsen (2005) has an oak floor and maple walls to enhance hat acoustics. The royal box of

928-523: A change of 3,048 (3%) from the 98,518 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 855.37 acres (346.16 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 118.7 inhabitants per acre (76,000/sq mi; 29,300/km ). The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 1.6% (1,635) White , 32.7% (33,176) African American , 0.2% (219) Native American , 1.8% (1,836) Asian , 0% (24) Pacific Islander , 0.4% (447) from other races , and 1% (1,064) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 62.2% (63,165) of

1044-404: A college education or higher, 43% have less than a high school education and 21% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 26% of Bronx residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of Concourse and Highbridge students excelling in math rose from 17% in 2000 to 40% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 21% to 25% during

1160-758: A decade later in 1917 and spurred enormous development in the area. Concurrent with subway development and inspired by the City Beautiful movement, the New York City built the Grand Boulevard and Concourse (shortened to the Grand Concourse). Modeled after Paris' Champs-Élysées , the original boulevard stretched from the Bronx Courthouse to near Van Cortlandt Park , but was later extended south to 138th Street by supplanting

1276-671: A diamond, a symbol of Antwerp's role as the major market of diamonds in Europe. It was one of the last works of Hadid, who died in 2016. The Dr Chau Chak Wing Building is a Business School building of the University of Technology Sydney in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, designed by Frank Gehry and completed in 2015. It is the first building in Australia designed by Gehry. The building's façade, made of 320,000 custom designed bricks,

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1392-551: A few exceptions, rarely showed the same freedom of expression as architects of museums, concert halls and other large buildings. The new cathedral for the City of Los Angeles California, was designed in a postmodern style by the Spanish architect Rafael Moneo . The previous cathedral had been serious damaged by an earthquake in 1995; the new building was specially designed to resist similar shocks. The Northern Lights Cathedral , by

1508-468: A glass and steel framework. The exterior "Bird's nest" design was inspired by the pattern of Chinese ceramics. The stadium when completed was the largest enclosed space in the world, and was also the largest steel structure, with 26 kilometers of unwrapped steel. The National Stadium in Kaohsiung , Taiwan by Japanese architect Toyo Ito (2009), is the form of a dragon. Its other distinctive feature

1624-502: A green living wall of native plants in San Francisco; a free ground-floor gallery with 25-foot (7.6 m) tall glass walls that will place art on view to passersby and glass skylights that flood the upper floors of offices (though not the galleries) with light. The facades clad are with lightweight panels made of Fibre-Reinforced Plastic . The critical reaction to the building was mixed. Roberta Smith of The New York Times said

1740-787: A large portion of the neighborhood as the Grand Concourse Historic District. In 2016, the New York City Economic Development Corporation issued requests for proposals for a new redevelopment project in the Concourse, along the Harlem River shore. A $ 300 million proposal, announced in September 2017, includes 1,045 affordable housing units as well as a new Universal Hip Hop Museum that is to open in 2020. The first of two phases will have 600 affordable unites,

1856-660: A notable complex of residential apartment buildings in Singapore (2011) and The Ascent at Roebling's Bridge a 22-story apartment building in Covington, Kentucky (2008). The name of the latter is taken from the Roebling Suspension Bridge nearby on the Ohio River , but the structure of the building of luxury condominiums is extremely contemporary, sloping upward like the bridge cables to a peak, with

1972-764: A range of incomes, located on the waterfront of a former industrial port in Denmark. The complex was designed by the Danish firms CEBRA and JDS Architects , French architect Louis Paillard and the Dutch firm SeARCH, and was financed by the Danish pension fund. The buildings are designed so that all the units, even those in the back, have a view of sea. The design and color of the buildings is inspired by icebergs . The buildings are clad in white terrazzo and have balconies made of blue glass. Surprisingly few contemporary churches were built between 2000 and 2017. Church architects, with

2088-405: A rare outbreak of leptospirosis . The cases were reported at 750 Grand Concourse, a building that had reported hundreds of health violations. In March 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic in New York City , a doorman at nearby 860 Grand Concourse was among the first people in New York City to die of COVID-19 . Concourse is covered by multiple ZIP Codes . While the area south of 161st Street

2204-478: A relatively average population of residents who are uninsured . In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 13%, slightly higher than the citywide rate of 12%. The concentration of fine particulate matter , the deadliest type of air pollutant , in Concourse and Highbridge is 0.0083 milligrams per cubic metre (8.3 × 10  oz/cu ft), more than the city average. Fifteen percent of Concourse and Highbridge residents are smokers , which

2320-567: A sharp edge and leaning slightly outward as the building rises. One cheerful feature of contemporary residential architecture is color; Bernard Tschumi uses colored ceramic tiles on facades as well as unusual forms to make his buildings stand out. One example is the Blue Condominium in New York City (2007). Another contemporary tendency is the conversion of industrial buildings into mixed residential communities. An example

2436-595: A street grid with avenues crossing east–west streets. Retail is located on streets, and with the exception of Morris Avenue, the avenues are largely residential above 153rd Street. The neighborhood character is more industrialized along the river with the exception of park space and the Bronx Terminal Market . Other large retail nodes are located on 161st Street and adjacent blocks, at Concourse Plaza. Smaller retail nodes are located on 165th Street and on 167th Street. The elevation varies from sea level at

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2552-741: Is 310-meter (1,020-foot) tall. The tallest building in Moscow is the Federation Tower , designed by the Russian architect Sergei Tchoban with Peter Schweger. Completed in 2017, with a height 373 meters, it surpassed Mercury City Tower , another skyscraper in Moscow, when it was built as the tallest building in Europe. The tallest building in China as of 2015 is the Shanghai Tower by the U.S. architectural and design firm of Gensler . It

2668-514: Is 632-meter (2,073-foot) tall, with 127 floors, making it in 2016 the second-tallest building in the world. It also features the fastest elevators, which reach a speed of 20.5 meters per second (67 feet per second; 74 kilometers per hour) . Most skyscrapers are designed to express modernity; the most notable exception is the Abraj Al Bait , a complex of seven skyscraper hotels build by the government of Saudi Arabia to house pilgrims coming

2784-469: Is Lou Gehrig Plaza, which bridges 161st Street between the Bronx Courthouse and Joyce Kilmer Park. To the south of Bronx Courthouse, Franz Sigel Park offers a more rustic park space. Named for Franz Sigel, a patriot and educator in his native Germany and the United States who lived in the area until his death in 1902, the park is characterized by variations in elevation and bedrock. Formerly part of

2900-549: Is a neighborhood in the southwestern section of the New York City borough of the Bronx which includes the Bronx County Courthouse , the Bronx Museum of the Arts , and Yankee Stadium . Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are East 169th Street to the north, Webster Avenue to the east, East 149th Street to the south, and Jerome Avenue and Harlem River to the west. The neighborhood

3016-585: Is an art museum near Bern, Switzerland, located next to an autoroute in the Swiss countryside. The museum blends into the landscape by taking three rolling hills made of steel and glass. One building houses the gallery (which is almost entirely underground to preserve the fragile drawings of Klee from the effects of sunlight). At the same time, the other two "hills" contain an education center and administrative offices. The Centre Pompidou-Metz , in Metz , France, (2010),

3132-533: Is covered by 10451, the area to the north falls within 10452 (west of the Grand Concourse) and 10456 (east of the Grand Concourse). The United States Postal Service operates two post offices near Concourse: the Stadium Station at 901 Gerard Avenue, and the Highbridge Station at 1315 Inwood Avenue. Concourse contains five separate parks and a plaza. At the center of the neighborhood and to

3248-676: Is divided into three subsections: West Concourse, East Concourse, and Concourse Village with the Grand Concourse being its main thoroughfare. The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 4 , and its ZIP Codes are 10451 and 10452. The local subway lines are the IND Concourse Line ( B and ​ D trains), operating along the Grand Concourse, and the IRT Jerome Avenue Line ( 4 train), operating along River Avenue. The area

3364-420: Is higher than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In Concourse and Highbridge, 34% of residents are obese , 17% are diabetic , and 42% have high blood pressure —compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 23% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Eighty-three percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which

3480-465: Is in the traditional Nagara style of Indian architecture, while the tower is contemporary, with a glass facade up to the 70th floor. It is scheduled for completion in 2019. When completed, at 700 feet (210 meters) or 70 floors) it will be the tallest religious structure in the world. One of the most unusual contemporary churches is St. Jude's Anglican Cathedral in Iqaluit , the capital of Nunavut ,

3596-502: Is isolated from the sound of the other parts of the building by an "eggshell" of plaster and paper panels and insulation resembling feather pillows. The skyscraper (usually defined as a building over 40 stories high) first appeared in Chicago in the 1890s, and was largely an American style in the mid 20th century, but in the 21st century skyscrapers were found in almost every large city on every continent. A new construction technology,

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3712-540: Is less than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 72% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", lower than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in Concourse and Highbridge, there are 18 bodegas . The nearest hospitals are NYC Health + Hospitals/Lincoln in Melrose and Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center in Claremont. In 2017, several residents were sickened or killed due to

3828-741: Is located near three New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations. Engine Co. 71/Ladder Co. 55/Division 6 is located at 720 Melrose Avenue, Engine Co. 92/Ladder Co. 44/Battalion 17 is located at 1259 Morris Avenue, and Engine Co. 68/Ladder Co. 49 is located at 1160 Ogden Avenue. In addition, FDNY EMS Station 17 is located at 1080 Ogden Avenue. As of 2018 , preterm births and births to teenage mothers are more common in Concourse and Highbridge than in other places citywide. In Concourse and Highbridge, there were 93 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 34 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). Concourse and Highbridge has

3944-580: Is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are youth and middle-aged adults: 27% are between the ages of between 0–17, 29% between 25 and 44, and 23% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 11% and 10% respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community District 4 was $ 30,900. In 2018, an estimated 32% of Concourse and Highbridge residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of

4060-481: Is now funded mainly by corporations, foundations and private donors. The museum is typically able to spend $ 10,000 to $ 50,000 a year for acquisitions, and it receives donations and bequests of work. In 2013, it completed a campaign to raise $ 1 million for a new acquisitions fund that will focus on buying the works of contemporary artists with strong connections to the Bronx. The museum is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization . Concourse, Bronx, New York Concourse

4176-699: Is part of the Grand Concourse Historic District . The Bronx Museum of the Arts was originally opened to try to stir interest in the arts in the Bronx borough and to serve the diverse populations of the area. The museum opened on May 11, 1971, in a partnership between the Bronx Council on the Arts , which was founded in 1961, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art . The opening coincided with a borough-wide "Bronx Day" event. The first exhibit consisted of 28 paintings from

4292-587: Is patrolled by the NYPD's 44th Precinct. The neighborhood is in the South Bronx in the southwestern part of the borough, centered on the intersection of Grand Concourse and 161st Street . It is bordered to the west by Highbridge and the Harlem River ; to the north by Mount Eden; to the east by Claremont Village, Melrose , and Morrisania ; and to the south by Mott Haven . The neighborhoods follows

4408-638: Is stainless steel, formed like the sails of sailboats. The interior is in the Vineyard style , with the audience surrounding the stage. Gehry designed the dramatic array of pipes of the organ to complement the exterior style of the building. The Casa da Musica in Porto , Portugal, by the Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas (2005) is unique among concert halls in having two walls made entirely of glass. Nicolai Ouroussoff, architecture critic from The New York Times , wrote "The building's chiseled concrete form, resting on

4524-528: Is the Gasometer in Vienna, a group of four massive brick gas production towers constructed at the end of the 19th century. They have been transformed into a mixed residential, office and commercial complex, completed between 1999 and 2001. Some residences are located inside the towers, and others are in new buildings attached to them. The upper floors are devoted to housing units the middle floors to offices, and

4640-477: Is the array of solar panels that cover almost all of the exterior, providing most of the energy needed by the complex. Government buildings, once almost universally serious and sober looking, usually in variations of the school of neoclassical architecture , began to appear in more sculptural and even whimsical forms. One of the most dramatic examples was the London City Hall by Norman Foster (2002),

4756-599: Is the gallery of contemporary art located adjacent to the Bois de Boulogne in Paris was opened in October 2014. Gehry described his architecture as inspired by the glass Grand Palais of the 1900 Paris Exposition and by the enormous glass greenhouses of the Jardin des Serres d'Auteuil near the park, built by Jean-Camille Formigé in 1894–95. Gehry had to work within strict height and volume restrictions, which required any part of

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4872-533: Is virtually impossible to enjoy the art." The De Young Museum in San Francisco was designed by the Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron . It opened in 2005, replacing an older structure that was badly damaged in an earthquake in 1989. The new museum was designed to blend with the park's natural landscape and resist strong earthquakes. The building can move up to three feet (91 centimeters) on ball-bearing sliding plates and viscous fluid dampers that absorb kinetic energy . The Zentrum Paul Klee by Renzo Piano

4988-621: Is wrapped in 2,874 ETFE -foil air panels that are kept inflated with dry air; each panel can be independently illuminated red, white, or blue. When illuminated, the stadium is visible from the Austrian Alps, fifty miles (80 kilometers) away. Among the most prestigious projects and best-known projects in contemporary architecture are the stadiums for the Olympic Games , whose architects are chosen by highly publicized international competitions. The Beijing National Stadium , built for

5104-634: The IND Concourse Line ( B and ​ D trains) at 161st Street and 167th Street . MTA Regional Bus Operations also operates several routes in the area: The Metro-North Railroad 's Harlem Line has a commuter rail station at Melrose as well as at Hudson Line's Yankees–East 153rd Street station . The neighborhood hosts a variety of institutions including: Contemporary architecture Contemporary buildings and styles vary greatly. Some feature concrete structures wrapped in glass or aluminium screens, very asymmetric facades , and cantilevered sections which hang over

5220-689: The International Network for Traditional Building, Architecture & Urbanism (INTBAU), the Institute of Classical Architecture & Art (ICAA), the Driehaus Architecture Prize , and the Complementary architecture movement. New traditional architects include Michael Graves , Léon Krier , Yasmeen Lari , Robert Stern and Abdel-Wahed El-Wakil . Most of the landmarks of contemporary architecture are

5336-762: The London Millennium Tower – a much taller project that Foster earlier had proposed for the same site, which would have been the tallest building in Europe, but was so tall that it interfered with the flight pattern for Heathrow Airport . The steel framework of the Gherkin is integrated into the glass facade. The tallest building in Poland and in the European Union (as of 2023) is Varso in Warsaw , designed by Norman Foster . Completed in 2022, it

5452-473: The New York City Department of Education . The following elementary schools are located in Concourse: The following middle schools serve grades 6-8: The following middle and high schools serve grades 6-12: The following high schools serve grades 9-12 unless otherwise indicated: The New York Public Library (NYPL) operates three branches in the Concourse area: The Harlem River separates

5568-708: The Oslo Opera House by Snøhetta (2008), the Harpa concert hall in Reykjavík by Henning Larsen Architects and Olafur Eliasson (2011) as well as the Szczecin Philharmonic by Barozzi Veiga (2014). The Philharmonie de Paris by French architect Jean Nouvel opened in 2015. The concert hall is at La Villette , in a park at the edge of Paris devoted to museums, a music school and other cultural institutions, where its unusual shape blends with

5684-663: The Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto , Ontario, Canada (2007), also known as "The Crystal," a building whose form, resembles a shattered crystal. Libeskind's museums have been both admired and attacked by critics. While admiring many features of the Denver Art Museum, The New York Times ' architecture critic Nicolai Ouroussoff wrote that "In a building of canted walls and asymmetrical rooms—tortured geometries generated purely by formal considerations — it

5800-602: The altar . Materials used include 60-centimetre (24 in)-diameter cardboard tubes, timber and steel. The roof is of polycarbon , with eight shipping containers forming the walls. "coated with waterproof polyurethane and flame retardants" with two-inch gaps between them so that light can filter inside. The Swiss architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron designed the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany, completed in 2005. It seats 75,000 spectators. The structure

5916-470: The framed tube structure , was first developed in the United States in 1963 by structural engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan of Skimore, Owings and Merrill , which permitted the construction of super-tall buildings, which needed fewer interior walls, had more window space, and could better resist lateral forces, such as strong winds. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai , United Arab Emirates is the tallest structure in

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6032-460: The 1970s, the Yankees have been in Concourse for almost 100 years. Infrastructure and services brought residents. Some of the 500,000 people who moved to the borough in the 1920s lived in the Concourse. The new construction to accommodate those residents was inspired by the City Beautiful movement and the 1901 Tenement House Act , which mandated light, air, and fire protection. This yielded 5- and 6- story multifamily residential buildings throughout

6148-449: The 2008 Games and popularly known as the Bird's Nest because of its intricate exterior framework, was designed by the Swiss firm of Herzog & de Meuron , with Chinese architect Li Xinggang . It was designed to seat 91,000 spectators, and when constructed had a retractable roof, since removed. Like many contemporary buildings, it is actually two structures; a concrete bowl in which the spectators sit, surrounded at distance of fifty feet by

6264-453: The 2016 Pritzker Architecture Prize . The Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt, by the Norwegian firm of Snøhetta (2002), attempts to recreate, in modern form, the famous Alexandria Library of antiquity. The building, by the edge of the Mediterranean, has shelf space for eight million books, and a main reading room covering 20,000 square metres (220,000 sq ft) on eleven cascading levels. plus galleries for expositions and

6380-421: The 400-meter Joseph Yancy Track and Field, all weather turf, a soccer field, a baseball field, and grandstand seating for 600 people. The park, on the site of the original Yankee Stadium south of 161st Street and west of River Avenue, connects to the Yankees–East 153rd Street station on the Metro-North Railroad 's Hudson Line . Construction started on Mill Pond Park in 2006 and ended in 2009. Located between

6496-433: The Bronx were formed, and all former Westchester County annexations within New York County were reconstituted into the independent County of the Bronx in 1914. Expansion of the subway system enabled rapid development of the Concourse. The first subway crossed under 149th Street into the area in 1906 and is now the IRT White Plains Road Line ( 2 and ​ 5 trains). The IRT Jerome Avenue Line opened

6612-445: The Bronx Museum of the Arts. The museum's founding is credited to Irma Fleck who created the museum to try to reverse the decline of the South Bronx. She was a member of the Bronx Council of the Arts. In 2006, Holly Block became the museum's director. She was previously the executive director of Art in General , a nonprofit organization in New York City , and replaced Olivia Georgia. One of Block's most known decisions as director

6728-440: The Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in eight residents (13%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 61% in Concourse and Highbridge, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018 , Concourse and Highbridge are considered low-income relative to

6844-445: The Bronx and Manhattan, with the Macombs Dam Bridge connecting the two boroughs within Concourse. Interstate 87 , the Major Deegan Expressway , has exits that can access the neighborhood. The Grand Concourse terminates onto roads leading across the Triborough Bridge with connections to Queens and Manhattan. New York City Subway routes include the IRT Jerome Avenue Line ( 4 train) at 161st Street and 167th Street , and

6960-511: The Denmark-based international firm of Schmidt, Hammer and Lassen , is located in Alta , Norway , one of northernmost cities in the world. Their other important works include the National Library of Denmark in Copenhagen . The Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir is a Hindu Temple in Vrindivan, in Uttar Pradesh state in India, which was under construction at the end of 2016. The architects are InGenious Studio Pvt. Ltd. of Gurgaon and Quintessence Design Studio of Noida , in India. The entrance

7076-445: The Harlem River and River Avenue adjacent to Bronx Terminal Market, the Park features Stadium Tennis Center, walking paths, picnic areas, and views of the waterfront. The second floor of the Power house in Mill Pond Park is the future home of the Bronx Children's Museum . Concourse and Highbridge generally have a lower rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city as of 2018 . While 36% of residents age 25 and older have

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7192-430: The Harlem River short to its highest point of elevation of 110 feet (34 m) in Franz Sigel Park . In fact, George Washington and his troops utilized some of these elevations during the American Revolutionary War as vantage points to monitor activity along the Harlem River . Elevation can vary greatly, with the Grand Concourse 20 feet higher than adjacent avenues in some instances. From European settlement through

7308-404: The Met's collection. The museum was originally housed in the first floor rotunda (the Veteran's Memorial Hall) of the Bronx County Courthouse , converted using $ 77,000 in municipal funds. Additional galleries were located in the Bronx's Co-op City , Bedford Park , and Allerton neighborhoods, with the Allerton gallery was located in the Beth Abraham Hospital. In its first 12 years of operation,

7424-442: The Met. An expansion and renovation was completed in 1988 at the cost of $ 5.8 million. In February 2004, construction began on a $ 19 million expansion project that doubled the museum's size to 33,000 square feet (3,100 m). The expansion opened in October 2006. In 2008, a 3,000-square-foot (280 m) arts center was added to accommodate educational programs for local schoolchildren and their families. Beginning on March 29, 2012,

7540-473: The Persian Gulf ; the Burj Khalifa in Dubai was the tallest building in the world in 2019, and the Shanghai Tower in China was the second-tallest. Additionally, in the late 20th century, New Classical Architecture , a traditionalist response to modernist architecture, emerged, continuing into the 21st century. The 21st century saw the emergence of multiple organizations dedicated to the promotion of local and/or traditional architecture . Examples include

7656-443: The Queen, usually placed in the back, is next to stage. The Schermerhorn Symphony Center in Nashville, Tennessee, by David M. Schwarz & Earl Swensson (2006), is an example of Neo-Classical architecture, borrowed literally from Roman and Greek models. It complements another Nashville landmark, a full-scale replica of the Parthenon . Three concert halls were awarded with the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture :

7772-413: The United States at the 2013 Venice Biennale ; the museum commissioned “Triple Point”, an installation by artist Sarah Sze . From 2015 to 2016, the museum held a retrospective of Martin Wong 's career entitled Martin Wong: Human Instamatic . In 2016, the museum featured the exhibition "Mask" by photographer Frank Gimpaya who collaborated with the En Foco organization for the exhibition. The exhibition

7888-431: The architects for the building which, in 2020, meant to replace the Burj-Khalifa as the tallest building in the world. The Jeddah Tower in Jeddah , Saudi Arabia, is planned to be 1,008 meters, or (3,307 ft) tall, which will make it the tallest building in the world, and the first building to be more than one kilometer in height. Construction began in 2013, and the project is scheduled to be completed in 2020. After

8004-446: The architecture of their neighborhood, but stand like signature works of their architects. Daniel Libeskind (born 1946), was born in Poland and studied, taught and practiced architecture in the United States. In 2016 he was professor of architecture at UCLA in Los Angeles, He is known as much for his writings as his architecture; he was a founder of the movement called Deconstructivism . Best known for his museums, he also constructed

8120-437: The area began to decline quickly due to white flight , incentives to move to the suburbs, redlining , the development of Co-Op City , disinvestment by New York City, and arson. While no buildings burned down in the Concourse during the period, the population of the area declined until the 1990s when the population started to rebound. Recent developments in the Concourse include construction and neighborhood improvements, and

8236-403: The building over two stories to be made of glass. The building is low because of the height limits, sited in an artificial lake with water cascading beneath the building. The interior gallery structures are covered in a white fiber-reinforced concrete called Ductal. Similar in concept to Gehry's Walt Disney Concert Hall , the building is wrapped in curving glass panels resembling sails inflated by

8352-404: The building set a new standard for museums and wrote: "The new building's rippling, sloping facade, rife with subtle curves and bulges, establishes a brilliant alternative to the straight-edged boxes of traditional modernism and the rebellion against them initiated by Frank Gehry, with his computer-inspired acrobatics." On the other hand, the critic of The Guardian of London compared the facade of

8468-538: The building to "a gigantic meringue with a hint of Ikea." Santiago Calatrava designed the Auditorio de Tenerife he concert hall of Tenerife , the major city of the Canary Islands. with a shell-like wing of reinforced concrete. The shell touches the ground at only two points. The Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles (2003) is one of the major works by California architect Frank Gehry The exterior

8584-400: The cane-work pattern of a Chinese hat. The roof's geometry is irregular, featuring curves and counter-curves over the entire building, particularly the three exhibition galleries. The entire wooden structure is covered with a white fiberglass membrane, and a coating of teflon protects from direct sunlight and allows light to pass through. The Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014)

8700-599: The changing light, connecting by a wide glass gallery leading to the older building. It also harmonizes with two stone churches opposite. The Polish-born American architect Daniel Libeskind (born 1946) is one of the most prolific of contemporary museum architects; He was an academic before he began designing buildings and was one of the early proponents of the architectural theory of Deconstructivism . The exterior of his Imperial War Museum North in Manchester, England (2002), has an exterior which resembles, depending upon

8816-430: The city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 813 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole. The 44th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 77.3% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 19 murders, 36 rapes, 713 robberies, 1,048 felony assaults, 421 burglaries, 934 grand larcenies, and 396 grand larcenies auto in 2022. Concourse

8932-673: The city. view of the neighborhood. The hall, like the Disney Hall in Los Angeles, has Vineyard style seating, with the audience surrounding the main stage. The seating can be re-arranged in different styles depending upon the type of music performed. When it opened, the architectural critic of the London Guardian compared it to a space ship that had crash-landed on the outskirts of the city. The Elbphilharmonie concert hall in Hamburg , Germany, by Herzog & de Meuron , which

9048-552: The contrast between their style and the historic architecture around them. Most new government buildings attempt to express solidity and seriousness; an exception is the Port Authority ( Havenhuis ) in Antwerp , Belgium by Zaha Hadid (2016), where a ship-like structure of glass and steel on a white concrete perch seems to have landed atop the old port building constructed in 1922. The faceted glass structure also resembles

9164-611: The destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in the September 11 terrorist attacks , a new trade center was designed, with the main tower designed by David Childs of SOM. One World Trade Center , opened in 2015, is 1,776 feet (541 m) tall, making it the tallest building in the western hemisphere. In London, one of the most notable contemporary landmarks is 30 St Mary Axe , popularly known as "The Gherkin", designed by Norman Foster (2004). It replaced

9280-733: The director and chief curator at the Wallach Art Gallery at Columbia University . Deborah Cullen departed in 2019. The board appointed former deputy director, Klaudio Rodriguez as interim director in December 2019. Rodriguez came to the Bronx Museum in 2017 from the Frost Art Museum at Florida International University. In November 2020 he became executive director. The museum has a $ 3.5 million operating budget. Once supported almost entirely by government funding, it

9396-649: The existing Mott Avenue. The Grand Concourse was further improved by the extension of the IND Concourse Line ( B and ​ D trains) under most of its length in 1933. Yankee Stadium was built 1923 when Jacob Ruppert moved the team from the Polo Grounds in Manhattan, where the Yankees shared space with the New York Giants , to the Bronx. With the exception of a brief period in

9512-447: The facade, and built a three-story glass atrium at one of the corners, which serves as the museum lobby. The 1988 design has been described as "awkward" and "darksome" with "cramped balconies" and a cornerside entrance that give it a "suburban mall" feel. It has also been criticized due to its lack of exhibition space. The 2006 expansion at 1046 Grand Concourse was designed by Miami -based architecture firm Arquitectonica , which added

9628-525: The ground floors to entertainment and shopping malls. with sky bridges connecting the shopping mall levels. Each tower was built by a prominent architect the participants were Jean Nouvel , Coop Himmelblau , Manfred Wehldorn and Wilhelm Holzbauer . The historic exterior walls of the towers were preserved. The Isbjerget , Danish for "iceberg", in Aarhus , Denmark (2013), is a group of four buildings with 210 apartments, both rented and owned, for residents with

9744-593: The headquarters of the Greater London Authority . The unusual egg-like building design was intended to reduce the amount of exposed wall and to save energy, though the results have not entirely met expectations. One unusual feature is a helical stairway that spirals from the lobby up to the top of the building. Some new government buildings, such as the Parliament House , Valletta, Malta by Renzo Piano (2015) created controversy because of

9860-629: The holy shrine of Mecca . The centerpiece of the group is the Makkah Palace Clock Tower Hotel, with a gothic revival tower; it was the fourth-tallest building in the world in 2016, 581.1 meters (1,906 feet) high. A tendency in contemporary residential architecture, particularly in the rebuilding of older neighborhoods in large cities, is the luxury condominium tower, with very expensive apartments for sale designed by "starchitects", that is, internationally famous architects. These buildings frequently have little relationship with

9976-535: The late 1800s, the Concourse area occupied wooded lands and rocky formations within and on the periphery of the estate of the prominent Morris family who farmed in what is now Southwest Bronx. Until 1845, the area was part of the Town of Westchester within Westchester County. After the subdivision of the Town of Westchester in 1845, the Concourse area became part of the Town of West Farms. In 1855, West Farms

10092-410: The late 20th-century modern architecture . The exterior of the building takes the form of glittering irregular cliff cut by horizontal fins which reveal a ramp leading upwards The exterior is clad in thousands of small pieces of aluminum in three different colors, from white to gray to black. A path leads up the ramp to the top of building to a terrace with a dramatic view of the peripheric highway around

10208-674: The light and time of day, huge and broken pieces of earth or armor plates, and is said to symbolize the destruction of war. In 2006 Libeskind finished the Hamilton Building of the Denver Art Museum in Denver Colorado, composed of twenty sloping planes, none of them parallel or perpendicular, covered with 230,000 square feet of titanium panels. Inside, the walls of the galleries are all different, sloping and asymmetric. Libeskind completed another striking museum,

10324-496: The museum began "A Decade of En Foco" with the exhibition, "En Foco Documentation Portfolio N1, The New York Puerto Rican Experience." In this series of exhibitions, the Bronx Museum of the Arts showcased works by artists in the En Foco organization, a group of photographers who work to promote the work of Hispanic artists. The series of exhibitions ended in 1986. In 1987, the museum gained attention for two high-profile exhibitions:

10440-459: The museum ceased charging admission for all days, whereas previously, admission was free on Fridays only. In 2016, the museum announced that it was starting a $ 25 million plan to renovate and expand and well as establish a $ 10 million endowment. The plan would be overseen by architect Monica Ponce de Leon , and it received $ 7 million from the mayor Bill de Blasio 's office. The rest of the funds qere expected to be raised privately. The first part of

10556-471: The museum held over 350 exhibitions. In 1982, the city purchased a vacant synagogue at 165th Street and the Grand Concourse as a new location for the museum. The new location opened to the public in May 1983, in conjunction with "Bronx Week," which succeeded "Bronx Day." The new space was inaugurated with an exhibition of twentieth century artwork. It consisted of paintings, photographs, and prints borrowed form

10672-650: The neighborhood built in a variety of styles from Tudor , Renaissance , and Colonial Revival to Art Deco and Art Moderne . In the late 1930s the Works Progress Administration dubbed the area "the Park Avenue for the Middle Class", and the area maintained that reputation through the 1950s. The Concourse inspired visits by presidential candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt , Harry S. Truman , and John F. Kennedy . However, after 1960,

10788-441: The neighborhood is gentrifying as of 2012 . The Yankees built a new stadium in 2009. The former stadium was demolished; a large public park—Heritage Field—was established in its place. The Bronx Museum of the Arts undertook a major expansion in 2006, and is currently exploring another addition. The Bronx Hall of Justice opened in 2007. The Bronx Terminal Market opened in 2009 as did the adjacent Mill Pond Park , which includes

10904-518: The north of Bronx Courthouse, Joyce Kilmer Park and Lou Gehrig Plaza border the intersection of the Grand Concourse and 161st Street. Originally called Concourse Plaza, Joyce Kilmer Park was named for the author of the poem "Tree" in 1926. Joyce Kilmer Park contains the Lorelei Fountain which celebrates the German poet Heinrich Heine . The park is flat with many walking paths. To the south

11020-666: The northernmost and least populous region of Canada. The church is built in the shape of an igloo , and serves the Inuktitut -speaking population of the region. Another unusual contemporary church is the Cardboard Cathedral in Christchurch , New Zealand designed by Japanese architect Shigeru Ban . It replaced the city's main cathedral, damaged by the 2011 Christchurch earthquake . The cathedral, which seats seven hundred persons, rises 21 metres (69 ft) above

11136-563: The population. The area has become more middle class starting in the 2000s. In the 2010 census, there were 3,055 non-Hispanic White residents in the area around Concourse, having increased from 2,600 in the 2000 census. The 2010 census also marked the first time in 40 years where the Concourse neighborhood had seen a net increase in population. The entirety of Community District 4, which comprises Concourse and Highbridge, had 155,835 inhabitants as of NYC Health 's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 78.6 years. This

11252-464: The practical stuff of a working museum must be fitted." The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art is actually two buildings by different architects fit together; an earlier (1995) five-story postmodernist structure by the Swiss architect Mario Botta , to which has been joined a much larger ten-story white gallery by the Norwegian-based firm of Snøhetta (2016). The expanded building includes

11368-440: The renovation was planned to be completed by 2020. The museum revealed a new plan for the renovation in 2022, designed by Marvel Architects. Work on the renovation did not start until July 2024, at which point it was slated to cost $ 33 million. The museum is located at the northeast corner of 165th Street and the Grand Concourse in the Concourse neighborhood of the South Bronx , slightly northeast of Yankee Stadium . The building

11484-453: The rest of the city and not gentrifying . Concourse and Highbridge are patrolled by the 44th Precinct of the NYPD , located at 2 East 169th Street. The 44th Precinct ranked 39th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. As of 2018 , with a non-fatal assault rate of 123 per 100,000 people, Concourse and Highbridge's rate of violent crimes per capita is greater than that of

11600-454: The same time period. Concourse and Highbridge's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is more than the rest of New York City. In Concourse and Highbridge, 28% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year , higher than the citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 67% of high school students in Concourse and Highbridge graduate on time, lower than the citywide average of 75%. Public schools are operated by

11716-470: The sculptural museums of Frank Gehry. The Whitney has an industrial-looking facade and blends into the neighborhood. Michael Kimmelman, the architecture critic of The New York Times called the building a "mishmash of styles" but noted its similarity to Piano's Centre Pompidou in Paris, in the way that it mixed with the public spaces around it. "Unlike so much big-name architecture," Kimmelman wrote, "it's not some weirdly shaped trophy building into which all

11832-614: The signature works of major architects. The Quadracci Pavilion of the Milwaukee Art Museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, was designed by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava . Its structure includes a movable, wing-like brise soleil that opens up for a wingspan of 217 feet (66 m) during the day, folding over the tall, arched structure at night or during bad weather. The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis (2005),

11948-477: The street. Skyscrapers twist, or break into crystal-like facets. Facades are designed to shimmer or change color at different times of day. Whereas the major monuments of modern architecture in the 20th century were mostly concentrated in the United States and western Europe, contemporary architecture is global; important new buildings have been built in China, Russia, Latin America, and particularly in Arab states of

12064-586: The structure features black and white concrete blocks organized in geometric patterns, similar to the brick facades of rowhouses and commercial buildings in the Bronx. These walls are temporary, designed to be removed in the event of future expansion, which would replace the original museum with a residential high-rise building. At the rear of the structure on the second floor is a sculpture garden . This new expansion has been described as "a white box with raw concrete floors" that, although "institutional," serves its purpose of being accessible to all visitors. In 1986,

12180-425: The three-story North Wing building adjacent to the original structure. It features a larger entrance with a two-story lobby, a new gallery and enhanced educational facilities. The outer design uses a "pleated aluminum facade" in contemporary Art Deco / Art Moderne style. It consists of seven irregularly-shaped vertical aluminum pieces connected by fritted glass , resembling an accordion or paper fan . The side of

12296-421: The wind. The glass "Sails" are made of 3,584 laminated glass panels, each one a different shape, specially curved for its place in the design. Inside the sails is a cluster of two-story towers containing 11 galleries of different sizes, with flower garden terraces, and rooftop spaces for displays. The new Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City by Renzo Piano (2015) took a very different approach from

12412-438: The work of collectives of several architects, such as UNStudio and SANAA , or large multinational agencies such as Skidmore, Owings & Merrill , with thirty associate architects and large teams of engineers and designers, and Gensler , with 5,000 employees in 16 countries. Some of the most striking and innovative works of contemporary architecture are art museums, which are often examples of sculptural architecture, and are

12528-496: The works of a small group of architects who work on an international scale. Many were designed by architects already famous in the late 20th century, including Mario Botta , Frank Gehry , Jean Nouvel , Norman Foster , Ieoh Ming Pei and Renzo Piano , while others are the work of a new generation born during or after World War II, including Zaha Hadid , Santiago Calatrava , Daniel Libeskind , Jacques Herzog , Pierre de Meuron , Rem Koolhaas , and Shigeru Ban . Other projects are

12644-570: The world , standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft). Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004, with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009. The primary structure is reinforced concrete. Burj Khalifa was designed by Adrian Smith , then of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM). He also was lead architect on the Jin Mao Tower , Pearl River Tower , and Trump International Hotel & Tower . Adrian Smith and his own firm are

12760-597: Was described by one critic as the "squashed brown paper bag". Frank Gehry responded, "Maybe it's a brown paper bag, but it's flexible on the inside, there's a lot of room for changes or movement." The Siamese Twins Towers" at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile in Santiago, Chile are by the Chilean architect Alejandro Aravena (born 1967), completed in 2013. Aravena was the winner of

12876-624: Was designed by the Swiss architects Herzog and de Meuron , who designed the Tate Modern museum in London, and who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize , the most prestigious award in architecture, in 2001. It updates and provides a contrast to the austere earlier Modernist structure designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes by adding a five-story tower clad in panels of delicately sculpted gray aluminum, which change color with

12992-658: Was further subdivided and the Town of Morrisania was created. With the promise of city services, the Morrisania along with the Towns of West Farms and Kingsbridge seceded from Westchester County to join Manhattan as part of New York County . The three towns were referred to as the "Annexed District". In 1896, the vast majority of what is now the Bronx joined New York County. In 1898 the City of Greater New York and Borough of

13108-510: Was inaugurated in January 2017, is the tallest inhabited building in the city, with a height of 110 meters (360 feet). The glass concert hall, which has 2100 seats in Vineyard style, is perched atop a former warehouse. One side of the concert hall building contains a hotel, while the structure on the other side above the concert hall contains forty five apartments. The concert hall in the middle

13224-522: Was inspired by "The Veil" by Georges Seurat and was an attempt to celebrate the work of Gimpaya and a new-era for the En Foco group. The museum annually hosts "The Artist in the Marketplace" (AIM) program where a panel of art professionals select artists to participate in the program. The aim of the program is to allow emerging artists a networking opportunity. The program ends with an exhibition in

13340-541: Was originally the Young Israel Synagogue, or Young Israel of the Concourse, constructed from 1959 to 1961 and designed by Ukrainian-born Simon B. Zelnick. The building was converted into a museum space in the early 1980s using concrete, steel and glass, at the cost of $ 2 million. The 1988 expansion was designed by Castro-Blanco, Piscioneri & Feder, who renovated the building exterior with black granite and metal, added large continuous "ribbon windows" on

13456-461: Was to make admission at the museum free in 2012, following which the museum has quadrupled attendance. In 2011, museum officials also put together a council of residents to serve as "cultural ambassadors" to the community and to advise them on public engagement. In July 2018, Deborah Cullen began as the director of the museum. Previously, the position had been vacant due to the death of former director Holly Block in 2017. Cullen previously worked as

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