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97-777: Brigadier General Francis Marion ( c.  1732 – February 27, 1795), also known as the "Swamp Fox", was an American military officer, planter, and politician who served during the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War . During the American Revolution , Marion supported the Patriot cause and enlisted in the Continental Army , fighting against British forces in the Southern theater of

194-531: A Royal Navy attack on June 28, 1776. In September 1776, the Continental Congress commissioned Marion as a lieutenant colonel . In the autumn of 1779, he took part in the siege of Savannah , a failed Franco-American attempt to capture the capital of Georgia which had been previously occupied by British forces. A British force led by Sir Henry Clinton entered South Carolina in the early spring of 1780 and laid siege to Charleston . Marion

291-399: A brigade ; however, over the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, the responsibilities of the rank expanded significantly. During the period from March 16, 1802, to January 11, 1812, the rank of major general was abolished and brigadier general became the highest rank in the U.S. Army. Foreseeing the need for an expanded general staff in case of war, which seemed imminent, Congress restored

388-644: A major general . The pay grade of brigadier general is O-7. It is equivalent to the rank of rear admiral (lower half) in the other United States uniformed services which use naval ranks . It is abbreviated as BG in the Army, BGen in the Marine Corps, and Brig Gen in the Air Force and Space Force. The Civil Air Patrol also uses this grade for its National Vice Commander and some past National commanders. The rank of brigadier general has existed in

485-529: A swing state in presidential elections since the early 21st century, and South Carolina being one that reliably votes for Republican presidential candidates , they are technically the country's two most politically similar states, according to a comparison of the states along a range of 19 variables performed by the statistician Nate Silver in 2008. Historically, like much of the South, the Carolinas economy

582-595: A base camp on Snow's Island in Florence County. Marion rarely committed his men to frontal warfare but repeatedly bewildered larger bodies of Loyalists or British regulars with quick surprise attacks and equally sudden withdrawal from the field. After their capture of Charleston, the British garrisoned South Carolina with help from local Loyalists, except for Williamsburg, which they were never able to hold. The British made one attempt to garrison Williamsburg at

679-607: A bill setting the border. North Carolina's Senate also passed a bill, which also had to clear the House . North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed his state's bill in June. Three families who actually lived in North Carolina had South Carolina addresses, and 16 South Carolina residents had believed they lived in North Carolina. On December 9, 2016, McCrory announced that he signed a four-page executive order formally defining

776-757: A historical romance set against the background of the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War, Marion appears and interacts with the fictional characters. In the book, he is depicted as decisive, enterprising, and valiant. Hans Conried portrayed Marion in an episode of the Cavalcade of America television series, "The Swamp Fox", which was broadcast on October 25, 1955. Walt Disney Productions produced The Swamp Fox , an eight-episode mini-series about Marion that aired from 1959 to 1961. It starred Leslie Nielsen as Marion, and Nielsen

873-487: A large Republican minority – the state voted Republican in the presidential election of 1928 and elected several Republican congressmen, governors, and senators from 1868 to 1928 – and North Carolina was widely known as one of the more progressive Southern states on the issue of segregation and civil rights. In 1947, the journalist John Gunther wrote, "that North Carolina is by a good deal the most progressive Southern state will, I imagine, be agreed to by almost everybody." On

970-615: A monument to a slaveowner. The U.S. Navy was home to the USS Francis Marion , a Paul Revere -class attack transport. The ship served as the flag for COMPHIBGRU 2 (Commander Amphibious Group 2). For many years, Submarine Squadron Four at the Charleston Naval Base called itself the Swamp Fox Squadron. Brigadier general (United States) A brigadier general ranks above a colonel and below

1067-545: A new charter to a group of eight English noblemen, granting them the land of Carolina, as a reward for their faithful support of his efforts to regain the throne of England. The eight were called Lords Proprietor or simply Proprietors . The 1663 charter granted the Lords Proprietor title to all of the land from the southern border of the Virginia Colony at 36 degrees north to 31 degrees north (along

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1164-415: A one-star billet is two to four years. Other than voluntary retirement, statute sets a number of mandates for retirement. All brigadier generals must retire after five years in grade or 30 years of service, whichever is later, unless selected or appointed for promotion, or reappointed to grade to serve longer. Otherwise, all general and flag officers must retire the month after their 64th birthday. However,

1261-424: A serious nuisance to the British, Governor John Rutledge commissioned him as a brigadier general of militia. Marion fought against freed slaves working or fighting alongside the British. He received an order from Rutledge to execute all Black people suspected of carrying provisions or gathering intelligence for the British "agreeable to the laws of this State". When Major General Nathanael Greene took command in

1358-670: A slave owner? Was he a determined and dangerous warrior? Did he commit acts in an 18th-century war that we would consider atrocious in the current world of peace and political correctness ? As another great American film hero might say: "You damn right." That's what made him a hero, 200 years ago and today. Graham also referred to what he describes as "the unchallenged work of South Carolina's premier historian Dr. Walter Edgar , who pointed out in his 1998 South Carolina: A History that Marion's partisans were "a ragged band of both black and white volunteers." English historian Hugh Bicheno compared Marion's behavior with British officers during

1455-676: Is attributed to Francis Marion. The marionberry is named after the county in Oregon and so derives its name from him. The 169th Fighter Wing of the South Carolina Air National Guard , located about 12 miles east of Columbia in Eastover, South Carolina, boasts the title "Home of the Swamp Fox" and has an image of the face of a fox painted on the body of their F-16 Fighter Jets. The South Carolina State Guard ,

1552-533: Is no proof, either, that Marion personally committed any atrocities during the Anglo-Cherokee War, at least as a matter of choice, although he participated in some by order of his commander James Grant . In a commentary published in the National Review , the conservative talk radio host Michael Graham rejected criticisms like Hibbert's as an attempt to rewrite history: Was Francis Marion

1649-801: Is one of the four large parks in the Capitol Hill Parks constellation. The park is bounded by 4th & 6th Streets and at the intersection of E Street and South Carolina Avenue in southeast Washington, D.C. The Francis Marion Hotel is a historic hotel in downtown Charleston, South Carolina. Within the hotel is a restaurant called the Swamp Fox. The municipalities of Marion in Alabama , Illinois , Indiana , Iowa , Kansas , Kentucky , Louisiana , Massachusetts , Mississippi , New York , North Carolina , Ohio , Pennsylvania , South Carolina , Virginia , and Marion Center, Pennsylvania are named for Francis Marion. Marion County, Indiana (of which

1746-469: The 187th Infantry Brigade ). While separate brigades (e.g. the 187th, commanded by then-BG William Westmoreland in Korea) were traditionally commanded by brigadier generals, this practice has ceased in recent history. Today, an Army or Marine Corps "BG" or "BGen," respectively, typically serves as deputy commander to the commanding general of a division or division-sized units and assists in overseeing

1843-593: The Albemarle Settlements along the Albemarle Sound , which had been settled mainly by Virginians migrating south. Likewise, the southern boundary was moved south to 29 degrees north, just south of present-day Daytona Beach, Florida , which had the effect of including the existing Spanish settlement at St. Augustine, an unenforceable overreach of English power. The charter also granted all the land, between these northerly and southerly bounds, from

1940-644: The Battle of Camden , but Gates had formed a low opinion of Marion. Gates sent Marion towards the interior to gather intelligence on the British forces opposing them. He thus missed the battle, which resulted in a British victory. Marion showed himself to be a singularly able leader of irregular militiamen and ruthless in his terrorizing of Loyalists . Unlike the Continental Army, Marion's Men, as they were known, served without pay, supplied their own horses, arms and often their food. Marion's Men operated from

2037-514: The Battle of Monck's Corner and Abraham Buford 's troops at the Battle of Waxhaws (near the North Carolina border, in what is now Lancaster County ), Marion organized a small military unit, which at first consisted of between 20 and 70 men and was the only force then opposing the British in the region. At this point, Marion was still hobbling on his slowly healing ankle. Marion joined Major General Horatio Gates on July 27 just before

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2134-566: The Board of Trade in London two years earlier, Burrington had "insisted that the Waccamaw should be the boundary from its mouth to its head," while South Carolina agreed the border should be located 30 miles (48 km) from the mouth , not the source. Johnson said this was "only a mistake in wording it." Both Carolinas selected commissioners to survey the line between them. The plan called for

2231-607: The Colonial Records of North Carolina , the process of determining the boundary between North and South Carolina began in 1720 "when the purpose to erect a third Province in Carolina, with Savannah for its northern boundary" began. On 8 January 1730 an agreement between the two colonies said for the border "to begin 30 miles (48 km) southwest of the Cape Fear River , and to be run at that parallel distance

2328-467: The French and Indian War . Marion also saw service during the Anglo-Cherokee War . During the American Revolution , Marion supported the Patriot cause and on June 21, 1775, he was commissioned as an officer in the Continental Army 's 2nd South Carolina Regiment (commanded by William Moultrie ) at the rank of captain. Marion served with Moultrie in the defense of Fort Sullivan from

2425-885: The Pelicans . At that time, the Hornets also regained sole ownership of the pre-relocation history of the original Charlotte Hornets. The Hurricanes formed in 1971 as the New England Whalers of the World Hockey Association . After the NHL-WHA merger in 1979, they joined the NHL as the Hartford Whalers until 1997 when they relocated to Raleigh, North Carolina . Currently, the Hurricanes are

2522-824: The Senate and was reintroduced in January 2007. The Brigadier General Francis Marion Memorial Act of 2007 passed the House of Representatives in March 2007, and the Senate in April 2008. The bill was packaged into the omnibus Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008 , which passed both houses and was enacted in May 2008. Although a site at Marion Park was selected, it was not built before authorization expired in 2018. Some local residents opposed

2619-515: The "early hagiographers " of American literature "who elevated the Swamp Fox, Francis Marion, into the American pantheon." Weems is known for having invented the apocryphal "cherry tree" anecdote about George Washington , and "Marion's life received similar embellishment", as Amy Crawford wrote in Smithsonian magazine in 2007. In the 1835 novel Horse-Shoe Robinson by John P. Kennedy ,

2716-496: The 10 field hands, went back with him to Pond Bluff. After the war, Marion borrowed money to purchase more enslaved people for his plantation. At the age of 54, Marion married his 49-year old cousin, Mary Esther Videau. Marion served several terms in the South Carolina State Senate . In 1784, in recognition of his services, he was made commander of Fort Johnson , a sinecure with an annual salary of $ 500 (at

2813-504: The 1813–1815 survey and GPS technology. A few stone markers still read, "NC/SC 1815 AD " but other locations were marked with trees which no longer stand. South Carolina had recently been involved in a costly legal battle with Georgia over a small number of islands in the Savannah River , and wanted to avoid the expense of a lawsuit regarding the North Carolina border, so the two states agreed in 1993 to cooperate in resurveying

2910-446: The 2000 movie The Patriot , which, according to Crawford, "exaggerated the Swamp Fox legend for a whole new generation." The contrast between the film's depiction of Marion "as a family man and hero who single-handedly defeats countless hostile Brits" and the real-life Marion was one of the "egregious oversights" that Time magazine cited when listing The Patriot as number one of its "Top 10 historically misleading films" in 2011. In

3007-457: The 2007 edition of Simms's book (originally published in 1844) was written by Sean Busick, a professor of American history at Athens State University in Alabama , who says that based on the facts, "Marion deserves to be remembered as one of the heroes of the War for Independence." Crawford commented: Francis Marion was a man of his times: he owned slaves, and he fought in a brutal campaign against

Francis Marion - Misplaced Pages Continue

3104-511: The American Revolution , the allegation about Marion raping slaves is untrue. Marion enjoyed generally good relations with his slaves, including Peggy, the mixed-raced daughter of a Native American man and an African American woman. In an early will created when he was single, Marion freed Peggy and endowed her education, contrary to South Carolina law at the time, which made it a crime to teach slaves to write. Oller writes that there

3201-411: The American Revolutionary War from 1780 to 1781. Though he never commanded a field army or served as a commander in a major engagement, Marion's use of irregular warfare against the British has led him to be considered one of the fathers of guerrilla and maneuver warfare , and his tactics form a part of the modern-day military doctrine of the U.S. Army 's 75th Ranger Regiment . Francis Marion

3298-429: The American continent. The territory was thereafter left to the native Americans until October 30, 1629, when Charles I granted a patent to his attorney-general, Sir Robert Heath , for the lands south of 36 degrees and north of 31 degrees , "under the name, in honor of that king, of Carolana". " Carolus is Latin for 'Charles'. The charter was unrealized and later ruled invalid. On March 24, 1663, Charles II issued

3395-656: The Atlantic Ocean, westward to the shores of the Pacific Ocean, an even more unenforceable overreach. Between 1663 and 1729 there were many disagreements relating to defense, governance and the difference between the two differing agrarian styles employed by the inhabitants of the Colony of Virginia and that practiced by the planters arriving to Charles Town from the West Indies and Barbados . In 1729

3492-714: The British. But in June of that year, he put down a Loyalist rebellion on the banks of the Pee Dee River. In August, Marion left his unit and returned to his slave plantation , Pond Bluff. In 1782, the British Parliament suspended offensive operations in America, and in December 1782, the British withdrew their garrison from Charleston. The Treaty of Paris brought the war to an end. After Marion returned to Pond Bluff, he discovered it had been destroyed during

3589-524: The Cape Fear headwaters were very close to Virginia, which would not have "permitted any extension on the part of North Carolina to the westward." In 1732, Governor George Burrington of North Carolina stated in Timothy's Southern Gazette that territory north of the Waccamaw was in North Carolina, to which Johnson replied that South Carolina claimed the land. Johnson also said that when the two met before

3686-525: The Carolinas first formed during the late 20th century. The oldest pro team in the Carolinas, the NBA's Charlotte Hornets, were established in 1988, while the youngest, Major League Soccer 's Charlotte FC , were established in 2019. The Hornets were known as the Bobcats from 2004 to 2014, and were renamed the Hornets again in May 2014, one season after the former New Orleans Hornets decided to rebrand themselves as

3783-575: The Carolinas have a collective population of 15,557,813 as of 2020. If the Carolinas were a single state of the United States, it would be the fifth-most populous state , behind California, Texas, Florida, and New York. The Carolinas were known as the Province of Carolina during America's early colonial period, from 1663 to 1712. Prior to that, the land was considered part of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia , from 1609 to 1663. The province

3880-472: The Carolinas is a distinct subset of larger Southern culture . Notably, the coastal Carolinas region was settled by Europeans over a century before the inland regions of the South. There was a particular early influence of Caribbean culture , especially from the English colony of Barbados ; from which came many of the early governors during the unified period . Though the two states both make up part of

3977-419: The Carolinas, particularly North Carolina, a more significant industrial base than most Southern states. As mechanization increased in farming, along with textiles, apparel, and furniture jobs shifting because of globalization , combined with the decline of the tobacco industry, many rural and small urban communities suffered economically. During the late 20th century, both states began to experience growth in

Francis Marion - Misplaced Pages Continue

4074-618: The Cherokee Indians. While not noble by today's standards, Marion's experience in the French and Indian War prepared him for more admirable service. Numerous locations in the U.S. are named after Francis Marion, including the Francis Marion National Forest near Charleston , South Carolina. The city of Marion , Iowa holds an annual Swamp Fox Festival. Marion County, South Carolina , and its county seat,

4171-676: The City of Marion, are named for Marion. The city features a statue of General Marion in the town square, and has a museum which includes many artifacts related to Francis Marion; the Marion High School mascot is the Swamp Fox. Francis Marion University is located nearby in Florence County, South Carolina . The Swamp Fox is a wooden roller coaster located in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina . In Washington, D.C., Marion Park

4268-626: The Civil War, with North Carolina forming its own Union Army regiments . In South Carolina, no Union Army regiments were formed due to a smaller unionist presence, although the Upstate region of the state was a haven for Confederate Army deserters and resisters, as they used the Upstate topography and traditional community relations to resist service in the Confederate ranks. The culture of

4365-589: The Pee Dee crossed the 35th parallel. An extension of the line in 1737 ran 22 miles (35 km) to a stake in a meadow. However, the stake placed at the endpoint of the survey was 12 miles (19 km) too far south. In 1764, a second extension ran 62 miles (100 km) westward. In 1772, after making adjustments to keep the Catawba Indians in South Carolina, "extended in a due west course from

4462-494: The President nominates an officer for appointment to fill that position. For all five uniformed services, because the grade of brigadier general is a permanent rank, the nominee may still be screened by an in-service promotion board. The rank does not expire when the officer vacates a one-star position. Tour length varies depending on the position, by statute, or when the officer receives a new assignment. The average tour length of

4559-675: The Province of Carolina was divided when the descendants of seven of the eight Lords Proprietors sold their shares back to the Crown. Only the heirs of Sir George Carteret retained their original rights to what would become the Granville District . Both the Province of North Carolina and the Province of South Carolina became British Crown Colonies in 1729. During the American Civil War (1861–1865), South Carolina

4656-426: The Secretary of Defense can defer a general or flag officer's retirement until the officer's 66th birthday and the President can defer it until the officer's 68th birthday. Because there are a finite number of General officer positions, one officer must retire before another can be promoted. As a result, General and flag officers typically retire well in advance of the statutory age and service limits, so as not to impede

4753-422: The South, Marion and Lieutenant Colonel Henry Lee III were ordered in January 1781 to attack Georgetown, but were unsuccessful. In April, they took Fort Watson . In May, they captured Fort Motte , breaking communications between British outposts in the Carolinas. On August 31, Marion rescued a small American force trapped by 500 British soldiers, under the leadership of Major C. Fraser. For this action he received

4850-473: The Southern United States, there are historically a number of differences in the settlement patterns, political development, and economic growth between North and South Carolina. During most of the 20th century, South Carolina was a bastion of the " solid Democratic South " with almost no Republican officeholders, and the state frequently elected politicians who were outspoken supporters of racial segregation . North Carolina, while mostly Democratic , contained

4947-437: The Spanish founded a number of other ephemeral forts as far inland as the Appalachian Mountains , but resistance from local Native American tribes and the lack of interest of Spain in the area, caused these to be abandoned, relocated or destroyed. Santa Elena was ultimately abandoned in 1587, with its survivors relocating to St. Augustine. The Spanish never pressed their colonial claims to the area again, focusing on other areas of

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5044-492: The U.S. military since the inception of the Continental Army in June 1775. To prevent mistakes in recognizing officers, a general order was issued on July 14, 1775, establishing that brigadier generals would wear a ribbon, worn across the breast, between coat and waistcoat, pink in color. Later, on June 18, 1780, it was prescribed that brigadier generals would instead wear a single silver star on each epaulette . At first, brigadier generals were infantry officers who commanded

5141-432: The United States after New York City. Charlotte is headquarters to several major publicly traded corporations such as Bank of America , Truist Financial , and the East Coast operations of Wells Fargo , and Centene Corporation , as well as six other Fortune 500 companies, including Lowe's , Duke Energy , Nucor , Honeywell , Brighthouse Financial , and Sonic Automotive . According to the Prefatory Notes to Volume 5 of

5238-405: The Williamsburg area. Colonel Banastre Tarleton was sent to capture or kill Marion in November 1780. After pursuing Marion's troops for over 26 miles through a swamp, Tarleton supposedly said "as for this old fox, the Devil himself could not catch him." Based on this tale, Marion's supporters began to call him "the Swamp Fox". Once Marion had shown his ability at guerrilla warfare, making himself

5335-544: The advice of the Secretary of Defense, the service secretary, and if applicable, the service's chief of staff or commandant. The President may nominate any eligible officer who is not on the recommended list if it serves in the interest of the nation, but this is uncommon. The Senate must then confirm the nominee before the officer can be promoted. Once the nominee is confirmed, they are promoted to that rank once they assume or hold an office that requires or allows an officer of that rank. For positions of office reserved by statute,

5432-418: The border between the two states based on the 20 years of work. The Carolinas have three professional sports teams in the Big Four major leagues : the Carolina Panthers of the NFL , the Charlotte Hornets of the NBA , and the Carolina Hurricanes of the NHL . Supported by both states, the three teams are all based in NC, with two in Charlotte and the third in Raleigh. Professional sports franchises in

5529-430: The border. The effort included using colonial-era maps to reconstruct the positions of trees marking the border that had long since died, and tracking down the original positions of stone markers that had been moved. After 18 years and $ 980,000, it was predicted that the process of determining the border between the Carolinas would be complete in 2012. Financial problems delayed the last survey until October 2012, meaning

5626-450: The city of Indianapolis is a part), is named for the general, as are Marion Counties in Alabama , Arkansas , Florida , Georgia , Iowa , Illinois , Kansas , Kentucky , Missouri , Mississippi , Ohio , Oregon , South Carolina , Tennessee , Texas , and West Virginia , and more than 30 townships in nine states. The Military Junior College Marion Military Institute in Marion, Alabama has an organization called Swamp Fox which

5723-403: The coast of present-day Georgia). The establishment of separate colonies did not officially occur until 1729, when seven of the Lords Proprietors sold their interests in Carolina to the Crown , and both North Carolina and South Carolina became royal colonies. In 1665, the charter was revised slightly, with the northerly boundary extended to 36 degrees 30 minutes north to include the lands of

5820-408: The coast. Then they turned northwest and marked the location with stakes. The surveyors agreed to meet again on September 18. However, only the North Carolina team returned at that time, extending the line northwest 70 miles (110 km). The South Carolina team arrived in October and followed the previous line for only 40 miles (64 km) because they had not been paid. A deputy surveyor marked where

5917-672: The colonial village of Hilltown but were driven out by Marion at the Battle of Black Mingo . A state-erected information sign at Marion's gravesite on the former Belle Isle Plantation shows that he was engaged in twelve major battles and skirmishes in a two-year period: Black Mingo Creek on September 28, 1780; Tearcoat Swamp on October 25, 1780; Georgetown (four attacks) between October 1780 and May 1781; Fort Watson on April 23, 1781; Fort Motte on May 12, 1781; Quinby Bridge on July 17, 1781; Parker's Ferry on August 13, 1781; Eutaw Springs on September 8, 1781; and Wadboo Plantation on August 29, 1782. Cornwallis observed, "Colonel Marion had so wrought

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6014-419: The confluence of the north and south forks of the Catawba River to Tryon Mountain ." However, this extension was based on the erroneous position of the 1737 stake, removing 422,000 acres (1,710 km ) from South Carolina. Joseph Caldwell , president of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , found that the line west of the Pee Dee did not run along the 35th parallel, but 12 miles (19 km) to

6111-419: The crew escaped on a lifeboat but had to spend one week at sea before reaching land. In the following years, Marion managed the family's plantation, including overseeing the activities of the family's slaves . Marion began his military career shortly before his 25th birthday. On January 1, 1757, Francis and his brother, Job, were recruited by Captain John Postell to serve in the South Carolina Militia during

6208-438: The film, Martin describes violence that he committed in the French and Indian War. Around the time of the film's release, comments in the British press challenged the American notion of Marion as a hero. In the Evening Standard , the British author Neil Norman called him "a thoroughly unpleasant dude who was, basically, a terrorist." Concurrently, the British historian Christopher Hibbert described Marion as "very active in

6305-450: The first governor of Spanish Florida. There had been a number of earlier attempts to establish colonies in the area by both the Spanish and the French, who had been inspired by earlier accounts of the plentiful land of Chicora . Menéndez's Santa Elena settlement shifted the focus of Spanish colonial efforts northward from St. Augustine , which had been established in 1565 to drive the French from their colony of Fort Caroline . Santa Elena

6402-401: The line of 1772 until 1813. A 1905 survey determined the border between Scotland County, North Carolina and Marlboro County, South Carolina . A 1928 survey decided the border between Horry County, South Carolina and Brunswick and Columbus counties in North Carolina. In the mid-1990s, Duke Power determined that the border between the Carolinas needed to be re-surveyed, as the company

6499-410: The line to run northwest to 35 degrees latitude , unless the Pee Dee River was reached first, in which case it would run along the Pee Dee to 35 degrees north. Then the line would run west to Catawba town , though if the town were north of the line, the line was to run around Catawba to keep it in South Carolina. In May 1735, the surveyors went from the Cape Fear westward 30 miles (48 km) along

6596-435: The minds of the people, partly by the terror of his threats and cruelty of his punishments, and partly by the promise of plunder, that there was scarcely an inhabitant between the Santee and the Pee Dee that was not in arms against us." The British made repeated efforts to neutralize Marion's force, but Marion's intelligence gathering was excellent and that of the British was poor, due to the overwhelming Patriot presence in

6693-428: The most successful after their 2006 Stanley Cup championship marked the first professional sports title for the region. In 2019, a Major League Soccer team was awarded to Charlotte, and begin play in 2022. Bank of America Stadium currently hosts three major sporting events, the Duke's Mayo Bowl , the Belk Kickoff Game and the ACC Championship Game . Charlotte Motor Speedway hosts three major NASCAR events,

6790-426: The new state, and continue in the same schools. Lake Wylie Minimarket could be grandfathered , or Congress could change the defined border at the store's location, though the commission intended to avoid such an action. As of August 2014, the states were expected to pass legislation to mitigate many of the negative impacts to affected landowners. On June 1, 2016, the South Carolina House of Representatives passed

6887-401: The other hand, he described South Carolina as "one of the poorest American states, and probably one of the balkiest." In describing the differences between the two states, Gunther noted that, in 1947, divorce in North Carolina "may be granted simply on the ground of absence of cohabitation; South Carolina is the one American state in which divorce is not possible." Despite North Carolina being

6984-476: The people he had enslaved had moved to Belle Isle, a plantation owned by Marion's brother Gabriel, during the war. Four house slaves had also moved Gabriel's plantation, all of whom had been singled out for favorable treatment in Marion's prewar will: overseer June and his wife, Chloe; their daughter Phoebe (sister of Buddy, Marion's enslaved manservant); and her daughter Peggy. These enslaved people, together with

7081-675: The permanent grade of brigadier general, eligible officers are screened by a promotion board consisting of general officers from their branch of service. This promotion board then generates a list of officers it recommends for promotion to general rank. This list is then sent to the service secretary and the Joint Chiefs for review before it can be sent to the President , through the Secretary of Defense , for consideration. The President nominates officers to be promoted from this list with

7178-437: The persecution of the Cherokee Indians and not at all the sort of chap who should be celebrated as a hero. The truth is that people like Marion committed atrocities as bad, if not worse, than those perpetrated by the British." According to The Guardian , "it seems that Marion was slaughtering Indians for fun and regularly raping his female slaves". According to John Oller's 2016 biography, The Swamp Fox: How Francis Marion Saved

7275-499: The planning and coordination of a mission. A Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB), as the medium capability (and sized) scalable Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) with up to 20,000 Marines, is normally commanded by a Marine BGen. An Air Force brigadier general typically commands a large wing or serves as the deputy commander for a NAF . Additionally, one-star officers of all services may serve as high-level staff officers in large military organizations. U.S. law explicitly limits

7372-486: The rank of major general in January 1812. The insignia for a brigadier general is one silver star worn on the shoulder or collar, and has not changed since the creation of the rank two centuries ago. Since the Mexican–American War , however, the lower rank of colonel has been the normal rank appointed to command a brigade that is organic to a division ( e.g. , the 1st Brigade of the 94th Infantry Division , vice

7469-888: The results were not expected to be known until Spring 2013. It was found that a gas station and 30 homes could change states. Lake Wylie Mini Market has been located in South Carolina, along U.S. Route 321 , and the move to North Carolina would result in higher gas taxes and change laws on beer and fireworks . The state legislatures involved expect to pass laws alleviating the concerns those changing states would face. The Joint Boundary Commission met in February 2014 in Monroe, North Carolina , to determine what actions still needed to be taken. The persons living in 50 homes that changed states would have to get driver's licenses and register to vote in their new states. Legislative action could allow people to keep utilities, avoid back taxes to

7566-697: The soldiers and supplies would be needed for North Carolina's Confederate effort. However, during the seven days' battles, North Carolina did send large numbers of troops for the general aid of the South as a whole. The Carolinas were both instrumental in keeping the Confederacy alive, because of their deepwater ports in Wilmington and Charleston. These two cities were key in supplying Southern armies with weapons, clothing, and ammunition, and producing food and provisions for Southern civilians. A Unionist presence would persist throughout North Carolina during

7663-473: The south. However, the western part of the line ran far enough to the north to make up for the difference. West of this point the border was shifted to run north of the 35th parallel so that the total areas of the states would return to what was intended, although the accuracy of this part of the survey was marred by a magnetic anomaly in the Charlotte, North Carolina area. North Carolina did not agree to

7760-716: The successor to the South Carolina Militia, charters the Swamp Fox Explorer Post 1670 through the national division of Exploring (Learning for Life) for youth 14 to 20 years of age. In 1994, Marion was posthumously inducted into the U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame. In 2006, the United States House of Representatives approved a monument to Francis Marion, to be built in Washington, D.C. , sometime in 2007–2008. The bill died in

7857-408: The technological and banking sectors, bringing jobs, population growth, and new economic industries. These changes, as with earlier industrialization, were more pronounced in North Carolina, with South Carolina experiencing a slower rate of economic growth for several years. Since the 1980s, North Carolina has emerged as a financial hub with Charlotte becoming the second-largest financial district in

7954-585: The thanks of the Continental Congress. Marion commanded the right wing under General Greene at the Battle of Eutaw Springs . In January 1782, he was elected to the South Carolina General Assembly at Jacksonborough and left his troops to take up his seat. During his absence, Marion's men grew disheartened, particularly after a British sortie from Charleston, and there was reportedly a conspiracy to turn him over to

8051-640: The time, privates in the First American Regiment were paid $ 6.67 a month. ) He died on his plantation in 1795, at the age of 63, and was buried at Belle Isle Plantation Cemetery in Berkeley County, South Carolina. The public memory of Marion has been shaped in large part by the first biography about him, The Life of General Francis Marion , written by Mason Locke Weems and based on the memoirs of South Carolinian soldier Peter Horry . The New York Times has described Weems as one of

8148-487: The total number of general officers who may be on active duty. The total number of active duty general officers is capped at 218 for the Army, 62 for the Marine Corps, 170 for the Air Force, and 21 for the Space Force. The President or Secretary of Defense may increase the number of slots for one branch, so long as they subtract an equal number from another. Some of these slots are reserved by statute. For promotion to

8245-432: The upward career mobility of their juniors. Carolinas The Carolinas , also known simply as Carolina , are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina considered collectively. They are bordered by Virginia to the north, Tennessee to the west, and Georgia to the southwest. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east. Combining North Carolina's population of 10,439,388 and South Carolina's of 5,118,425,

8342-466: The war, including Tarleton and Major James Wemyss. Referring to Marion, Tarleton and Wemyss, Bicheno wrote that "they all tortured prisoners, hanged fence-sitters, abused parole and flags of truce, and shot their own men when they failed to live up to the harsh standards they set." According to Crawford, the biographies by historians William Gilmore Simms ( The Life of Francis Marion ) and Hugh Rankin can be regarded as generally accurate. The introduction to

8439-537: The war. Of the roughly 200 people who had been enslaved on it before the war, most of them fled the plantation, with some joining the British as Clinton had issued the Philipsburg Proclamation offering Patriot enslaved people freedom. Marion's enslaved people who had joined the British were evacuated from Charleston at the end of the war and at least one settled in Nova Scotia . Meanwhile, 10 of

8536-469: The whole course of said river;" The next June Governor Robert Johnson of South Carolina said the border should start 30 miles (48 km) southwest of the source of the Cape Fear "due west as far as the South Sea", unless the " Waccamaw River lyes [sic] within 30 miles (48 km) of the Cape Fear river," which would make the Waccamaw the boundary. North Carolina agreed to this until the discovery that

8633-519: Was also a key Confederate state, raising and supplying many regiments of soldiers to the Confederacy. At Gettysburg, one in four Confederate soldiers was from North Carolina, despite the fact that some North Carolinians (especially in the western part of the state) refused to support the Confederacy. North Carolina's Civil War governor, Zebulon Vance , was an outspoken critic of Confederate President Jefferson Davis and frequently refused to obey Davis's orders for reinforcements and supplies; Vance insisted

8730-466: Was also one of the singers of the theme song. The series depicted Mary Videau (who in the series has no familial relationship with Marion) secretly acting as an informant for Marion on British movements and Marion's nephew Gabriel Marion being killed by Loyalists, causing Marion to seek revenge on those responsible. Marion was one of the influences for the main character of Benjamin Martin ( Mel Gibson ) in

8827-628: Was born in Berkeley County , Province of South Carolina around 1732. His father Gabriel Marion was a Huguenot who emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies from France at some point prior to 1700 due to the Edict of Fontainebleau and became a slaveowning planter . Marion was born on his family's plantation , and at approximately the age of 15, he was hired on a merchant ship bound for the West Indies which sank on his first voyage;

8924-517: Was named Carolina to honor King Charles I of England . Carolina is taken from the Latin word for "Charles", Carolus . The region was claimed as part of the Spanish territory named La Florida by Ponce de Leon in 1513. Santa Elena , a Spanish settlement on what is now Parris Island, South Carolina , was the capital of La Florida from 1566 to 1587. It was founded by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés ,

9021-494: Was not captured with the rest of the city's garrison when Charleston capitulated on May 12, 1780, as he had broken an ankle in an accident and had left the city to recuperate. Clinton led part of the force that had captured Charleston back to New York , but a significant number stayed for operations under Lord Charles Cornwallis in the Carolinas . After the loss of Charleston and the defeats suffered by Isaac Huger 's men at

9118-582: Was one based around agriculture production. The predominance of certain crops would help influence the regional economy: Like other [Southern] states, until after World War II , North Carolina remained primarily a region of small farms and factories heavily dependent on just a few labor-intensive crops, relying on sharecropping and tenancy , especially for black laborers. The Carolinas are distinct for their economic dependence on tobacco as well as on cotton and rice, and for their many small-scale furniture, textile , and tobacco factories. These industries gave

9215-489: Was selling and donating land in the Jocassee Gorge area, which included parts of both states. Also, with more people living outside cities, the precise boundaries of fire, tax, and school district lines needed to be known. This was especially a problem in the mountains, where people had previously lived in valleys, not on the ridges where the border was. A 15-year plan to re-establish the boundary began, using maps from

9312-776: Was the first Southern state to secede from the Union, while North Carolina was the second to last state to secede. South Carolina was generally one of the strongest supporters of the Confederacy . The war began in Charleston, South Carolina, where cadets of the South Carolina Military Academy, known as The Citadel , fired the opening shots at the Union Ship Star of the West . North Carolina

9409-535: Was ultimately built at the site of the abandoned French outpost of Charlesfort , founded in 1562 by Jean Ribault . The establishment of Santa Elena followed the destruction of the French Fort Caroline by Menéndez in 1565. The Spanish settlement housed a sizeable community, and became the base of operations for the Jesuits and military working in the northern zone of Spanish Florida . From this base

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