107-752: The Geo Metro was a variation of the Suzuki Cultus available in North America from 1989 through 2001 as a joint effort of General Motors (GM) and Suzuki . In the US, the Metro carried a Geo nameplate from 1989 through 1997, and a Chevrolet nameplate from 1998 to 2001. It evolved with the Cultus and its siblings over 13 years, three generations and four body styles: three-door hatchback , four-door sedan , five-door hatchback and two-door convertible —and
214-620: A 50–50 joint venture between General Motors and Suzuki in Ingersoll, Ontario , Canada, although Japanese production continued to source Canada bound sedan models. CAMI never reached its intended Metro/Firefly/Swift capacity. In response to the waning popularity of smaller automobiles in the North American markets, Chevrolet/Geo had sold only 55,600 Metros in 1997, off from 88,700 the year before. While at its peak, Canadian Swift/Metro/Firefly production reached more than 100,000 vehicles
321-405: A bigger 1.3-liter four-cylinder engine and paired with a 5-speed manual transmission. The production continued until 1998 when it was succeeded by Suzuki Baleno sedan. Almost two years later, the production returned in 2000 as a 5-door hatchback and marketed as Suzuki Cultus. It had a three-cylinder 1.0-liter engine from the imported 1989–1991 Swift Sedan. In 2002, factory fitted CNG -powered option
428-580: A former prison and shipyard, was used as a major new venue and won the Biennale a Sydney Music, Arts and Culture (SMAC) Award. Other venues included; Art Gallery of NSW , Pier 2/3 at Walsh Bay, Museum of Contemporary Art , Artspace, Sydney Opera House and the Royal Botanic Gardens . The 16th Biennale of Sydney was awarded Australian Event of the Year & Best Cultural or Arts Event at
535-449: A hatchback. The hatchback body configuration featured a three-inch lower liftover height compared to the previous generation model. Safety equipment included optional anti-lock brakes, safety cage construction with deformable front and rear crush zones and five structural crossbars engineered to spread side impact loads throughout the car's structure, steel side impact door safety beams, and daytime running lights (the second generation Metro
642-465: A hemispherical head design. Later, fuel injection required the cylinder head for 1989 be redesigned to add the additional cooling required, reducing gas mileage. The Sprint was originally offered in parts of the western US for the 1985 model year; subsequently Chevrolet marketed the Sprint across North America. All models were initially three-door hatchbacks. Starting in 1986, a five-door hatchback version
749-583: A means to make works'. Writing in Art in America in October, 2002, Michael Duncan said of the exhibition that it "gave free rein to complex, often offbeat works predicated on alternate realities." Artists included: Mike Nelson , Chris Burden , Susan Hiller , Vito Acconci , Eleanor Antin , Henry Darger , Janet Cardiff and Rodney Graham . Richard Grayson was the artistic director. The 2004 Biennale of Sydney
856-568: A mere 660 cars finished the first year. From here on out, all Metro models with the exception of convertibles would be produced in Canada. G10 : 1.0 L3 In the United States, a single engine was available from 1989 through 1994: a 1.0-liter I3 engine. Rated at 61 PS (60 hp; 45 kW), the engine achieved 38 city, 45 highway mpg per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. The detuned 50 PS (49 hp; 37 kW) engine in
963-443: A new cylinder head assembly: the engine of the previous generation used the same block and corresponding components but featured a head with valves in a V-formation straddling a single camshaft with rocker arms on shafts, whereas now the cylinder head assumed a much slimmer profile, owing to the valves now being in a vertical, inline configuration, actuated by inverted buckets also serving as hydraulic valve lash adjusters, all underneath
1070-570: A rear spoilers, and a number of stickers. The Esteem sedan was also available with a 92 PS (91 hp; 68 kW) carburetted 1.6-liter G16A 16-valve engine option after the facelift, sold as the Esteem GT. The hatchbacks were discontinued in 1994, followed by the sedan in 1996. In China, the Cultus was known as the Suzuki Lingyang and was built by Chang'an . Production started in 1999 and ended in early 2015. The only engine choice
1177-540: A recessed sealed beam rectangular light while others came with a panel-flush forwards swept glass unit. The drag coefficient value of an early model is C d =0.38. Before it entered the Australian market as the Barina in 1985, the local Suzuki importer sold it as a two-seat van with the "Swift" moniker, as they did not have the necessary quota allocation to bring it in as a passenger car. While originally sold as
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#17327729761031284-531: A sedan. It was short-lived, being replaced by the third generation for the next year. Biennale of Sydney The Biennale of Sydney is an international festival of contemporary art , held every two years in Sydney. It is a large and well-attended contemporary visual arts event in the country. Alongside the Venice and São Paulo biennales and Documenta, it is one of the longest running exhibitions of its kind and
1391-609: A shorter stroke (75.5 mm, down from the previous 77 mm), fuel injection and 97 PS (96 hp; 71 kW) (JIS) in the Japanese market. In foreign markets, the car produced 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW) at 6450 rpm and 83 lb⋅ft (113 N⋅m) of torque at 4950 rpm, giving the GTi a 0-60 mph (97 km/h) time of between 8.7 and 9.0 seconds, and a quarter mile time of 16.8 seconds at 83 mph (134 km/h) based on period road tests. The front brake system
1498-520: A single overhead camshaft. The first European-built model was a "Suzuki Swift" manufactured in September 1992 in Esztergom , Hungary. Updates in 1996 followed, and model year 2000 modifications included a version fitted with the same Suzuki four-wheel drive system that had been available in the Japanese market until February 1996 and badged as the " Subaru Justy ". The last modifications were made on
1605-710: A wide range of works and mediums including installation, sculpture, performance, video, sound, photography and painting. 53 artists created 80 new works specifically for the exhibition in response to the concept 'Zones of Contact'. The festival also featured three two-day symposia, over 50 talks, education programs and an 'Art Walk' along the harbour foreshore between principal exhibition venues. The 16th Biennale of Sydney, Revolutions – Forms That Turn , took place from 18 June – 7 September 2008 with leading international curator and writer Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev as artistic director. It achieved record visitation of 436,150 and featured 175 artists from 42 countries. Cockatoo Island ,
1712-655: A year, the number fell to just 32,000 in 2000. In April, 2001, CAMI confirmed that it had ended production of the Metro at its Ontario production facility. Beginning in late 2003 as a model year 2004 car, the Daewoo Kalos , marketed variously as the Chevrolet Aveo , Pontiac Wave and Suzuki Swift+, effectively replaced the Metro/Firefly, although the Aveo is more of a Daewoo Lanos replacement as opposed to
1819-463: Is Latin meaning "care" or "adoration". The first generation was a project begun by General Motors as the M-car . When they realized that the project was not going to be profitable enough, the entire unfinished design was sold to Suzuki in return for a five per cent stake in the company. Suzuki completed the design and development work and put the car on sale from October 1983 in the Japanese market, as
1926-578: Is a supermini car produced by the Japanese manufacturer Suzuki from 1983 to 2016. The nameplate is currently used as a rebadged second-generation Suzuki Celerio in Pakistan since 2017. It was first presented at the 25th Tokyo Motor Show , formally introduced to Japan in 1983 and ultimately sold in seven countries and marketed worldwide as the Suzuki Swift . An alliance formed in 1981 between General Motors , Suzuki and Isuzu allowed GM to market
2033-698: The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) judged the 1.0-liter Geo Metro/Suzuki Cultus as the leading gasoline-fueled vehicle within their Greenest Vehicles list of 1998 and 1999. Partially because of the renewed interest in the Metro/Cultus due to rising fuel costs, the July 2009 issue of the US Car and Driver included a 1998 Metro /Cultus 3-door hatchback among vehicles tested for fuel efficiency alongside two hybrid models:
2140-746: The Art gallery of new south wales , Museum of Contemporary Art Australia and Carriageworks. Under the artistic direction of Gerald McMaster and Catherine de Zegher , 225 works by 101 artists were selected from Australia, New Zealand, the Asia-Pacific, the Americas, Europe, South Africa and the Middle East. Nearly half the artists (49) created works especially for the exhibition, including many substantial collaborative installations. The exhibition drew record crowds, with more than 665,000 visits recorded over five venues, an increase of 29 per cent on
2247-594: The Chevette until 1987 alongside the Sprint. In the United States, the Chevrolet Sprint label was dropped with the introduction of the Geo Metro (second-generation Cultus), but it continued to be used for a while longer in Canada. The "Sprint" and "Sprint Metro" differed in their engines, though both were computer controlled carb systems. From 1985 to 1988, the carbureted 1.0-liter 3-cylinder engine used
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#17327729761032354-631: The Cultus Crescent in Japan. Production ended after model year 2001. The Chevrolet Metro was used in the 17th Biennale of Sydney (2010) exhibition in an experiment made by Cai Guo-Qiang , a Chinese artist from Fujian, where nine Chevrolet Metros were suspended in the air through animation. Comparison of Generation II/I 3-door hatchback interior dimensions: The second generation Metro featured two engine options. The three-cylinder, 1.0-liter throttle body injected engine, still used on base models,
2461-553: The Museum of Contemporary Art , Pier 2/3 at Walsh Bay, Royal Botanic Gardens , Sydney Opera House , Artspace and the Art Gallery of New South Wales . The 17th Biennale of Sydney achieved record attendance of more than 517,000 visits across all venues with 68 artists premiering new works made especially for the exhibition. The 17th Biennale of Sydney's SuperDeluxe@Artspace programme which combined gallery, performance space and bar
2568-531: The XFi , introduced in 1990, is optimized for high mileage. It combines a shorter duration cam, leaner fuel map, two ring pistons, and a higher final drive gear model to achieve 43 city, 51 highway per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. As per the first generation, a turbocharged variant of G10 was also available in the Canadian Pontiac Firefly from 1989 to 1991. It was no longer available in
2675-451: The kei class Suzuki Fronte . Three- and four-cylinder versions of the G engine family were available, although some secondary markets installed Suzuki's one-liter four-cylinder F10A engine in a model which carries the SA410 chassis code. Early export models were sold simply by the model code, SA310. Not long after introduction, the car was given a variety of different names depending on
2782-412: The "Forsa Amenity" from 1990 until 1992, and, after a facelift, simply as the "Eleny" from 1992 until 1994. The sedan arrived in 1991 and marketed as the "Forsa Esteem", although the "Forsa" portion was eventually dropped just like the hatchback in the facelift. Initially only a carburetted, uncatalyzed version of the 1298 cc G13BA 8-valve engine with 71 PS (70 hp; 52 kW) at 6000 rpm
2889-460: The "Forsa". The imported three-door model was discontinued, while the more upscale Forsa also benefitted from the new flush headlamps. The model was refreshed and upgraded in June 1986. The leaf springs of the rear end were replaced by coil springs , the front end (forward of the steel body) was remodelled with a more forward swept grill and headlights, the dashboard was remodelled, and the windscreen
2996-576: The 'Best Cultural, Arts or Music Event' award at the Australian Event Awards in 2013. The 19th Biennale of Sydney: You Imagine What You Desire was presented from 21 March – 9 June 2014, under the artistic direction of Juliana Engberg. Presenting the work of 92 artists from 31 countries, the 19th Biennale was shown at various partner venues including the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Artspace, Carriageworks, Cockatoo Island and
3103-709: The 1988 model year , the naturally-aspirated hatchback was named the Chevrolet Sprint Metro . Production of the first Geo Metro models began at Suzuki's plant in Hamamatsu , Japan. The name "Chevette Sprint" was considered before simply calling the Colombian model (first generation) the "Chevrolet Sprint" — to distinguish it from the originally Opel-designed knock down kits imported from Brazil for assembly in Colombia. When presented on 7 October 1986,
3210-506: The 2009 Australian Event Awards. The 17th Biennale of Sydney, titled THE BEAUTY OF DISTANCE: Songs of Survival in a Precarious Age , was held from 12 May – 1 August 2010. Under the Artistic Direction of international curator David Elliott , 444 works by 167 artist and collaborators were selected from 36 countries, making it the largest exhibition staged in the organisations 37-year history. Venues included Cockatoo Island ,
3317-569: The 2010 Honda Insight and 2010 Toyota Prius models. During a 600-mile long, mixed driving conditions, route. While notably lacking in modern conveniences and weighing considerably less, the Cultus/Metro tied in first place with the Prius for best overall fuel economy at 42 mpg ‑US (5.6 L/100 km). The Sprint badge continued to be used in the Canadian market until
Geo Metro - Misplaced Pages Continue
3424-463: The 2010 attendance figures. The Biennale Bar @ Pier 2/3 was a popular after dark event taking place over five Friday nights in August. In the closing week of the exhibition, Carriageworks and the Biennale of Sydney presented the Australian premieres of En Atendant and Cesena , two performances by Belgian choreographer Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker ’s dance ensemble Rosas. The 18th Biennale of Sydney won
3531-623: The 22nd Biennale of Sydney . The Museum of Contemporary Art in Sydney featured artists including Tony Albert with Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network (Australia), Denilson Baniwa (Brazil), Iltja Ntjarra (Many Hands) Art Centre (Mparntwe/Alice Springs, Australia), Kulimoe’anga Stone Maka (Tonga/New Zealand), Noŋgirrŋa Marawili (Darrpirra/Yirrkala, Australia), Aziz Hazara (Afghanistan), Tarek Lakhrissi (France), and Pedro Wonaeamirri (Andranangruwu (Melville Island)/Paluwiyanga, Australia) with Patrick Freddy Puruntatameri (Darwin/Melville Island, Australia). The 23rd Biennale of Sydney, titled rīvus,
3638-625: The Australian Stock Exchange. Transfield Services had, among many contracts, a contract for the Australian Department of Immigration at the detention centres on Manus Island and Nauru. The two Transfield companies had also joined in the Transfield Foundation, which also supported the Biennale. On 19 February 2014, 28 artists participating in the 19th Biennale of Sydney published an open letter to
3745-403: The Biennale of Sydney in protest. This protest was due to the artists' perception that 'Transfield' was profiting from the mandatory detention of asylum seekers and the Biennale's refusal to cut sponsorship ties with Transfield as requested by the artists. On 5 March 2014, four more artists (Agnieszka Polska, Sara van der Heide, Nicoline van Harskamp and Nathan Gray) withdrew their participation in
3852-544: The Biennale of Sydney. In March, the Board of The Biennale of Sydney announced that it would cut ties with Transfield, following the growing criticism from artists and refugee activists. The majority of boycotting artists returned to participate in the 19th Biennale with the exception of Australian artists Charlie Sofo and Gabrielle de Vietri. The 20th Biennale of Sydney was curated by Stephanie Rosenthal and took place in 2016. The 21st Biennale of Sydney, titled SUPERPOSITION,
3959-484: The Biennale's 41-year history. In addition, audiences also experienced outdoor works by Nathan Coley on the Eastern Apron of Cockatoo Island, and the building exteriors of the Art Gallery of New South Wales and Museum of Contemporary Art Australia, as well as numerous performance works in public spaces. In 2014 calls were made by refugee activists for artists and others to boycott the 19th Biennale in response to
4066-1065: The Board of Directors about their concerns with the sponsorship arrangement with 'Transfield'. The 28 artists stated in their letter "We urge you to act in the interests of asylum seekers. As part of this we request the Biennale withdraw from the current sponsorship arrangements with Transfield and seek to develop new ones." The group of artists who originally signed this open letter were — Gabrielle de Vietri , Bianca Hester , Charlie Sofo, Nathan Gray, Deborah Kelly, Matt Hinkley, Benjamin Armstrong, Libia Castro, Ólafur Ólafsson, Sasha Huber, Sonia Leber, David Chesworth, Daniel McKewen, Angelica Mesiti , Ahmet Öğüt, Meriç Algün Ringborg, Joseph Griffiths, Sol Archer, Tamas Kaszas, Krisztina Erdei, Nathan Coley, Corin Sworn, Ross Manning, Martin Boyce, Callum Morton, Emily Roysdon, Søren Thilo Funder, Mikhail Karikis. On 20 February 2014, 6 additional Biennale artists signed on to
4173-594: The Canadian market also received Japanese-built four-door sedans. Canadian sales of the Geo Metro only began in 1992, after the demise of the Asüna brand. For 1990, the Metro's second model year, Geo introduced the Metro LSi models, which included an automatic transmission , air conditioning and a stereo with cassette player. Geo also introduced the frugal XFi model, featuring a lower powered economy-tuned version of
4280-511: The Chevrolet Sprint in the United States. Canadian models continued with the Chevrolet Sprint and Pontiac Firefly nameplates, while the second generation Suzuki Swift replaced the Forsa nameplate. This generation was also marketed by Suzuki as the "Swift" in the United States. The Metro/Swift/Sprint lineup received a facelift, while the Firefly was temporarily discontinued. The first generation Metro
4387-468: The Chevrolet Sprint, the Firefly was also available with a 1.0-liter turbo engine option. The Firefly was not marketed for the 1992 and 1993 model years when the 1993-only " Asüna " brand introduced the larger 1992 GT/SE to replace the Passport Optima and the pre-facelift Firefly. In 1994, the Firefly returned with a facelift following the demise of the Asüna brand, available as a hatchback and
Geo Metro - Misplaced Pages Continue
4494-825: The Cultus as a captive import internationally under more than a dozen nameplates including the Geo Metro , Chevrolet Sprint , Pontiac Firefly , Isuzu Geminett and Holden Barina . It was also known as the M-car within GM. Offered across its lifespan in four body-style variations with engines from the Suzuki G engine family, the second generation Cultus still remained in production in Pakistan until late 2016. The Cultus family of vehicles has been marketed in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. The name " cultus "
4601-548: The Cultus. This is also why the car's design was such a natural fit in the General Motors lineup, with a clear GM corporate look. The model was also exported worldwide by Suzuki and assembled by a number of General Motors franchises, often undergoing badge engineering . The first-generation Swifts all share the SA model code prefix and was Suzuki's first earnest entry into a class of car with larger dimensions and engines than of
4708-614: The European Gen II from model year 2002 but only for the Hungarian market, the 1.3-liter engine was also changed to 16-valve version and produces 85 PS (84 hp; 63 kW). The production of the three-door models ended in September 2002. In the same year, in December, the four-door sedan version was also discontinued. The last variation available was a five-door version, which was offered until March 2003. In Ecuador,
4815-674: The Geo brand was introduced in 1992. Unlike its American counterparts, the Canadian Sprint remained available with the 1.0-liter turbo engine. The Chevrolet Sprint hatchback was also sold in Chile from 1994 to 1996, but adopted the facelifted Suzuki Swift appearance. Introduced for 1989, the Firefly was also available as a convertible and as a four-door sedan from 1990 until 1991. All hatchbacks were manufactured at CAMI, while convertibles and sedans were sourced from Japanese production. Just like
4922-472: The Metro received a facelift with new hubcaps, exterior modification and new interior controls. In 1993, both LSi hatchbacks and the convertible were discontinued. Automatic door locks, which deploy after the car reaches a speed of approximately 8 mph (13 km/h) were introduced this year. In 1994, five-door hatchback production ended. In 1994, Geo dropped the XFi model. Under its Geo Metro US badging,
5029-790: The Metro, the same time when Daewoo closed majority of its dealerships outside South Korea in 2002. The Suzuki Swift was replaced by the Suzuki Aerio hatchback in 2002, although the Aerio also replaced the Suzuki Esteem . GM began marketing the first generation Cultus in North America as the Chevrolet Sprint . The car was also sold as the Suzuki Forsa , and as the Pontiac Firefly in Canada. The Chevrolet Sprint
5136-544: The Museum of Contemporary Art Australia. Other works and events were experienced at various locations throughout the city, including Henrik Håkansson's epic, episodic film and orchestral performance work, THE END (2011), which was presented at Pier 2/3 in Walsh Bay. In 2014, more than 623,000 visited the Biennale partner venues, including close to 125,000 from overseas, the highest international visitation numbers recorded in
5243-593: The Pontiac Firefly was only sold in Canada. In 1985, GM began marketing in North America as the Chevrolet Sprint , reusing the name from a previous GMC vehicle . The Chevrolet Sprint was sold only in the Western United States until nationwide sale was begun in 1986. Sprint consumers had a choice of ER, Base, and Turbo models. In Canada, the car was sold as Suzuki Forsa and Pontiac Firefly . Firefly marketed in FE, Turbo, and Base models. GM continued to market
5350-611: The Sprint caused a sensation. Colombian Sprints were all five-door hatchbacks fitted with the 993 cc three-cylinder G10A engine and a five-speed manual transmission. The Sprint remained in production virtually unchanged until 2004, with a total production of 70,848. Slight modifications were made in 1987, including increasing the wheel sizes from 12" to 13" and with modernized bumpers and headlights. Another slight update took place in 1997 bringing with it monopoint fuel injection and an increase in power from 50 to 53 PS (49 to 52 hp; 37 to 39 kW). The first generation Cultus
5457-443: The Swift at the Brussels Auto Salon in October. General Motors, whose Design Center assisted in its development, designated it the GM M platform . The chassis, engines, and drivetrains were developed by Suzuki, being mostly modified variants of the first generation Cultus. The second generation offered new styling and four-wheel independent strut suspension. A turbocharged three-cylinder version remained fairly popular in Canada, which
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#17327729761035564-519: The Turbo Sprint regardless of body color. Turbocharged versions of the 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine were available in the Turbo Sprint in both the United States and Canada beginning with the 1987 model year. The fuel injected Turbo Sprint utilized an IHI RHB32 turbocharger. Colors were limited to white and red for the Turbo Sprint. Sales were insignificant in the United States (around 1,550 cars sold in model year 1988, less than three percent of overall Sprint sales ), but somewhat stronger in Canada. For
5671-422: The U.S. mainland. The EPA lists the 1985 Forsa model as the Suzuki SA310 (the original JDM name for the Cultus, Forsa and Swift), no listing for 1986, and both the Forsa and Forsa Turbo for 1987 and 1988. In 1984, Suzuki and General Motors announced they would sell rebadged models of the Suzuki Cultus in North America as Chevrolets and Pontiacs, with Suzuki selling their own version as the Forsa. As it turned out,
5778-410: The US market, however. G13 : 1.3 L I4 Canadian market Metros had the 1.3-liter engine available as an option beginning in 1993 in the three-door GSi model, and as standard equipment in the sedan (exclusive to the Canadian market at the time: American market Metros were not available in a sedan body style until 1995). Only available as a hatchback (later also a convertible) in the United States,
5885-399: The bigger Chevrolet Cavalier and was built on the Suzuki developed M platform with Suzuki drivetrains. These models were marketed only in North America, carrying the nameplates Geo Metro (rebranded the Chevrolet Metro starting in the 1998 model year), Pontiac Firefly, and Suzuki Swift—and sourced only from CAMI Automotive . Thus this version was never sold as a Cultus, which was replaced by
5992-452: The bumpers, tail lights and interior. GT/GTi versions were equipped with larger sway-bars, and the camshafts were now solid. Production for the North American market ended in 1994. From 1995 onward, the redesigned North American-exclusive Suzuki Swift was built at CAMI Automotive , receiving all the modifications of its Pontiac and Geo/Chevrolet siblings – only ever available in the three-door body style, however. The second generation Cultus
6099-517: The buyers were female, and the median age of a Metro buyer was 37. The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) named this generation of Chevrolet Metro and Suzuki Swift as the top two gasoline-fueled vehicles within their Top 12 Greenest Vehicles in 1998 and 1999. ACEEE assigns a Green Score to each vehicle make and model sold in the US, based on the vehicles' exhaust emissions, fuel economy and other specifications. Solectria Corporation , based in Massachusetts, converted examples of
6206-441: The cheapest non- kei car at that time. The hatchback was available until 2000, replaced by the Ignis based- Swift . The vehicle entered Pakistani market in 1989 with units imported from Japan, it was only available in sedan form as Swift Sedan and powered by a 1.0-liter engine producing 50 PS (49 hp; 37 kW). In 1991, Pak Suzuki started local production for the domestic market and renamed to "Suzuki Margalla". It gained
6313-425: The discontinuation of the Fronte 800 in 1969. Sold as the "Cultus Esteem" in Japan, it was also available with a larger 1.6-liter engine never offered in the hatchbacks. In the Japanese market, the 1.3-liter single-cam engine was changed to a 16-valve version in July 1990, which increased power to 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW). Suzuki facelifted the Cultus in July 1991 for the 1992 model year. The update involved
6420-567: The engine block, a better flowing intake manifold (the prior generation intake manifold had its shape compromised to fit into the engine bay), and its ECU now had electronic control over ignition timing. It now put out 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW) of power. The GTi also featured all wheel disc brakes. Japanese GTi's have a much higher compression ratio (11.5:1) and accordingly more power at 115 PS (113 hp; 85 kW), and were also offered with permanent four-wheel drive. In June 1989, Suzuki introduced their first three-box sedan since
6527-501: The first and second generation Geo Metro to electric operation. Approximately 500 examples of 1996 and 1997 models were converted to electric operation—the bare vehicles were provided by GM without engines. Called the Solectria Force and Solectria EV, the converted vehicles featured 3 phase AC induction motors and regenerative braking. The battery pack consists of 13 Group 27 Deka Dominator Sealed Gel Lead Acid modules. 3= 3-dr hatchback 4= 4-dr sedan US second generation models received
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#17327729761036634-403: The first few years. Early models were sold in Finland as the Suzuki Extra. The 1.0-liter turbo ( G10T ) and a three-speed automatic transmission were introduced in Japan on the last day of May 1984. The turbo raised the power to 80 PS (79 hp; 59 kW) ( JIS ) and it received 165/70 HR12 tyres. In August 1984, the 10 cm (3.9 in) longer five-door body was introduced, as
6741-460: The first generation, Suzuki marketed the Swift GTi with the G13B engine – a DOHC 16 valve, 1.3-liter, inline four-cylinder engine with an aluminum block and cylinder head, forged steel crankshaft and connecting rods, and cast aluminum high compression pistons (10:1 compression ratio). Its power output is 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW). The second generation received a modest restyle and other production changes in 1992, including changes to
6848-487: The following NHTSA's New Car Assessment Program ratings: Test numbers indicate the chance of serious injury: 4 = 10–20% "As gas prices spike and consumers increasingly look for ways to get to work more efficiently, heavy media coverage has spurred interest in one particular old car: the Geo Metro." US News , 2008 In North America, the Metro received increased interest as a used car in 2008, by virtue of its fuel mileage and rising fuel costs . Partially because of
6955-412: The introduction of this generation, GM arranged for a car carrier with 1995 Metros to drive to college campuses across the country. Local writers took a half-day seminar at "Metro University" with the head product planner and senior members of the engineering, assembly, and marketing teams. At the time this generation was introduced, 41 percent of Metro buyers were first-car buyers, 62 percent of
7062-428: The local Aymesa plant assembled some versions of this vehicle. The three-door version was called Suzuki "Forsa II", while the four-door sedan version was badged "Chevrolet Swift". In 1999, General Motors de Ecuador took over AYMESA's production of General Motors vehicles, including Suzuki-based ones. Production of the sedan ended about 1996, while the hatchback version continued to being produced until 2003 at least and it
7169-431: The market, most commonly Swift. In Japan the car was always known as the Cultus. The SA310 initially featured leaf spring rear suspension and was originally marketed with a 1.0-liter (993 cc), three-cylinder engine ( G10 ). The SA310 had its European premier in southern Spain in late 1983. The original model was available as the base GA, the GL, and the more expensive GLX models. Only three-door versions were available for
7276-405: The open letter to the Biennale of Sydney Board, these artists were – Sara van der Heide, Henna-Riikka Halonen, Ane Hjort Guttu, Hadley+Maxwell, Shannon Te Ao , Yael Bartana. By 26 February 2014, 41 Biennale artists in total had signed this open letter. On 26 February 2014, five artists (Libia Castro, Ólafur Ólafsson, Charlie Sofo, Gabrielle de Vietri & Ahmet Öğüt) withdrew their participation in
7383-409: The perceived 'chain of connections' between the Biennale, Transfield Holdings and Transfield Services, and the latter's contract at the overseas detention centres Transfield Holdings, the private company, founded the Biennale of Sydney in 1973 and had continued as the Founding Partner since that time. In 2014, Transfield Holdings had an 11% investment in a public company, Transfield Services, listed on
7490-435: The power of objects); and Bila (‘river’: environment), and it featured works by 101 artists and collectives, from 36 countries including for the first time Nepal, Georgia, Afghanistan, Sudan and Ecuador. The works were presented in six venues: Cockatoo Island , Art Gallery of New South Wales , the Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) , the National Art School , Artspace and Campbelltown Arts Centre . NIRIN went online after it
7597-419: The previous generation 5-door and coupe Metros, and at the time of its introduction, the Metro was the smallest car in the world to meet the impending 1997 North American side impact standards. The revised sedan was also introduced in the United States, replacing the 5-door hatchback. This generation featured a coefficient of drag of 0.32. Its twins, Pontiac Firefly and Suzuki Swift featured the same redesign. At
7704-487: The relocation of the rear license plate to the rear bumper from in between the tail lamps. The gap vacated by the license plate was filled in with either a black plastic panel or translucent red perspex panel integrating with the tail lamps. At the front, Suzuki revised the bumper's airdam , and inside, the interior was substantially re-designed. In the Japanese market, the Cultus Esteem's carburetted 1.6-liter engine
7811-435: The renewed interest in the Metro, the July 2009 issue of Car and Driver included a base model 1998 Chevrolet Metro 3-door hatchback among vehicles tested for fuel efficiency alongside two hybrid models: the redesigned Honda Insight and Toyota Prius models. Car and Driver yet jokingly ridiculed the Metro's age and equipment, docking seven points from its overall score for its lack of amenities and mentioning that it
7918-480: The sporting GTi. A more luxurious GLX model was also added later. In June 1986, Suzuki introduced the flagship GTi (AA33S) model with both styling and performance upgrades over other models. It was originally available as a manual three-door hatch only, although later a five-door version called GXi was added. The GTi was one of the first Suzuki to feature electronic fuel injection on its G13B high performance twin cam engine. This new engine has 1298 cc thanks to
8025-539: The three-cylinder engine, a higher final drive gear ratio, and certain deleted interior amenities (e.g., the passenger mirror). It thereby achieved 43 city, 51 highway per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. XFi made up less than 10% of Metro sales. A little bit later, the Japanese-built convertible model debuted, available in LSi trim. In 1991, GM increased convertible production and added paint options. In 1992,
8132-548: The three-cylinder, three-door "Swift" in Indonesia , a five-door model of the pre-facelift SA310 was briefly offered beginning in late 1985. It was replaced by another five-door model fitted with the locally built (by "Suzuki Engine Manufacturing Indonesia") four-cylinder, 970 cc F10A engine from the popular Suzuki Carry 1.0 and 55 PS (54 hp; 40 kW) ( SAE ), entered production in Indonesia in early 1986 as
8239-495: Was added as were GA, GL and GS four-door sedan . At the same time, the GTi name was changed to GT because of an out-of-court settlement with Volkswagen of America over their similarly named GTI. The Swift nameplate moved on to separate from the Cultus, eventually being placed on the North American "third generation" model. The Swift featured a 993 cc inline three-cylinder engine producing 56 PS (55 hp; 41 kW). The G10 engine weighed 63 kg (139 lb) and
8346-855: Was also entirely different from lesser versions. Beginning in 1985, Cooper Motor Corporation (CMC) of Nairobi , Kenya, also assembled the SA310. Japanese market designations It was marketed in Ecuador, Chile, Indonesia, Canada and the U.S. from 1985 to 1988 – with Suzuki offering the supermini with either a 48 hp (49 PS; 36 kW) (SAE net) carbureted 1.0-liter (993 cc) inline-three cylinder or 70 hp (71 PS; 52 kW) (SAE net) fuel injected 1.0-liter (993 cc) inline 3 cylinder turbocharged engine. The Indonesian market Forsa has carbureted 1.0-liter (970 cc) four-cylinder engine. An undetermined number of Forsa superminis were imported to Hawaii and Puerto Rico and some of them have found their way to
8453-432: Was also upgraded with larger diameter disc brakes . Interior updates included velour highlighted door cards and seat trimming. A red theme across the dashboard displays, carpet and seat roping was standard as was a centre console. Electric adjustable mirrors were also added. Exterior styling upgrades included a model-specific molded spoiler , side skirts, and a bumper bar incorporating fog lights. The rear suspension
8560-464: Was available as a three-door GTi and five-door GLX hatchback. Designed by General Motors, the design echoed that of the contemporary Chevrolet Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire . A four-door sedan followed in 1990 – imported from Japan. For Swifts in North America, the 1.0-liter three-cylinder was only available in Canada where it was sold from 1992 to 1994. In 1990, the GLX was dropped; an inexpensive GA 3-door
8667-416: Was available for non- LSi models in 1997. The 1.0-liter became the last engine on a vehicle available in the US to use TBI. This generation also offered a revised 1.3-liter inline four-cylinder engine used in the Pontiac Firefly, with multi-point fuel injection (with hydraulic lifters and lash adjusters, and a 30,000-mile service interval). The 1.3-liter inline-four engine offered 70 hp (52 kW), and
8774-417: Was available. Power claimed later decreased to 67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) in the facelifted version. The sedan and five-door hatchback were assembled locally with CKD kits in Indonesia, while a small number of three-door hatchbacks were imported fully built-up from Japan. From 1992 there was also a " Marissa Haque Limited Edition" of the sedan with power steering, front fog lamps, body-colored bumpers,
8881-577: Was awarded Best Arts Event by popular vote at the 2010 Sydney Music, Arts and Culture (SMAC) Awards as well as being a finalist in the Best Major Festival category. The 17th Biennale of Sydney was also a finalist at the 2010 Australian Event Awards in the Best Cultural or Arts Event category. The 18th Biennale of Sydney: all our relations , was held from 27 June – 16 September 2012 across five venues: Cockatoo Island , Pier 2/3,
8988-535: Was badged as "Chevrolet Forsa" in latter years. These were powered by the 67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) 1.3-liter four. Cultus variants were available in Colombia from 1991 until 2004, where it was called the Chevrolet Swift. They were assembled by GM-Colmotores in Bogotá . A stripped-down version of the 1.3-liter Swift sedan was also marketed as the "Suzuki Taxi". The hatchback was sold in Indonesia as
9095-407: Was closed ten days after it opened due to COVID-19 restrictions. The founder of New Zealand collective FAFSWAG Tanu Gogo outlined concerns this pivot created for them including 'data-sovereignty, safe-space and intellectual property' but addressed their reprioritization to enable presentation and presented a successful project titled CODESWITCH: Relearn, Reimagine, Recreate – a FAFSWAG Manifesto for
9202-711: Was curated by Mami Kataoka. It included soft sculpture works by the Yarrenyty Arltere Artists of Alice Springs and burial baskets woven by Yvonne Koolmatrie . The 22nd Biennale of Sydney, titled NIRIN, was presented under the artistic direction of Brook Andrew . NIRIN was an Artist- & First Nations-led Biennale, celebrating First Nations artists. The programme was centered around seven themes: Dhaagun (‘earth’: sovereignty and working together); Bagaray-Bang (‘healing’); Yirawy-Dhuray (‘yam-connection’: food); Gurray (‘transformation’); Muriguwal Giiland (‘different stories’); Ngawal-Guyungan (‘powerful ideas’:
9309-491: Was finished in a grey fabric with two broad red strips over the front and rear seats, also new sporty three-spoke steering wheel. The introduction of the 1985 model year versions also marked the introduction of the "Swift" name in the European market, as earlier models had been sold simply as the SA310. Two headlight variations existed within the earlier models depending on market and level. The lower equipped were fitted with
9416-474: Was held from 4 June – 15 August and titled On Reason and Emotion . It featured the work of 51 artists from 32 countries. Much of the exhibition was sited within Sydney's major art museums and galleries, however a number of new projects were created for specific sites at outdoor locations within the city, such as the Royal Botanic Gardens and the forecourt of the Sydney Opera House . Isabel Carlos
9523-414: Was launched along with several improvements, followed by another changes in 2005. Major facelift occurred in 2007 with new fuel injected 1.0-liter four-cylinder engine, new bumpers and seat upholstery with broader head rests. It continued to be produced until late 2016, with sales ended on 1 February 2017. Following limited 1985–1988 sales of the Forsa, the nameplate was changed to Suzuki Swift . The Swift
9630-492: Was now caulked in place (rather than being held with a molded seal as in the earlier model). The 1.0- and 1.3-liter were slightly detuned while the turbo model gained fuel injection and now produces 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW) (JIS net), while the more powerful twin cam GTi model also arrived. The facelift model entered Indonesian production by early 1987 as the Forsa GL, and now featured some external trim pieces from
9737-595: Was offered, called the Sprint Plus. That year, another model called the Sprint ER was offered that included a few extra features, such as an "upshift" light to indicate the ideal speed to shift to the next highest gear on manual transmission models. Although air conditioning was offered in all years, the three-speed automatic transmission wasn't offered until 1986. All models featured front-wheel drive and 12-inch steel wheels, which were covered by white hub caps on
9844-487: Was originally sold brand-new without hubcaps . Regardless, the Metro tied the Prius for best overall fuel economy at 42 mpg ‑US (5.6 L/100 km). The vehicle finished third overall behind the Insight and Prius. The vehicle is often used as a test-bed to field various fuel efficiency technology, such as the 2007 university based Cornell 100+ MPG Team. Suzuki Cultus The Suzuki Cultus
9951-478: Was presented under the artistic direction of José Roca. Exhibits were held at various locations in the city including Art Gallery of New South Wales, Museum of Contemporary Art Australia, National Art School, The Rocks and Parramatta. The 24th Biennale of Sydney, titled Ten Thousand Suns, will be presented under the artistic direction of Cosmin Costinaș and Inti Guerrero. Exhibits will be held at various locations in
10058-650: Was replaced by a rebodied model unique to the North American market. Some preproduction models were handmade, and featured 5-digit odometers. In 1995, the second generation of the Sprint/Metro line in North America—which was the third generation North American "Cultus"—was introduced as a three-door hatchback and four-door sedan, using an adaptation of the longer wheelbase platform from the second generation Cultus for both body configurations. Also designed at GM's Design Center, it carried styling cues similar from
10165-416: Was replaced by a single-point fuel injection 1.5-liter G15A engine with 91 PS (90 hp; 67 kW), to fit a lower tax category. The single-cam 1.3 was also updated with fuel injection in July 1991, although its power remained 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW). All Swifts (export models) got a redesigned front and rear fascia as well as a new dashboard. The 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine received
10272-503: Was sold as the Geo Metro in the US and Canada, and as the Pontiac Firefly in Canada and the Middle East, and as the Chevrolet Sprint in Canada and Chile. Unlike the four-cylinder Swifts, General Motors-badged units usually featured the 1.0-liter G10 three-cylinder engine, with a turbocharged version and a larger 1.3-liter engine available in some Canadian market versions. In late 1989, production began at CAMI Automotive, with
10379-609: Was sold in Pakistan as Suzuki Khyber, by Pak Suzuki assembly line, and produced between 1989 and 2000, only in GA trim level. It was equipped with a four-stroke engine based on G10A platform matted to a five-speed manual gearbox. Production was ended in 2000, replaced by second generation Cultus. The version that rolled out during its end of life were termed as Limited Editions, featuring unique metallic colors and new audio system by Clarion. The second generation Cultus first appeared in Japan in September 1988, followed by its European debut as
10486-413: Was sold only in the Western United States until 1986, when nationwide sales in the US commenced. In 1987, the "Metro" name first appeared on a model of the naturally aspirated Chevrolet Sprint: the "Chevrolet Sprint Metro." Production of the first Geo Metro models, equivalent to the second generation Suzuki Cultus, began at Suzuki's plant in Hamamatsu , Japan, in late 1988. In 1989, it debuted and replaced
10593-515: Was the 1.3-liter G13BB engine mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox. The Lingyang was facelifted in 2007, 2010 and 2012. In Japan, the Cultus was gradually replaced by the slightly larger Cultus Crescent (Baleno or Esteem elsewhere) in 1995. However in May 1998, the hatchback was renamed to "Cultus M" as the Cultus Crescent dropped the "Crescent" suffix. It continued to be available as one of
10700-519: Was the 1.3-liter (1,324 cc) four-cylinder version (SA413). There was also a sporting European three-door version called Swift GS, fitted with a 1.3-liter engine ( G13A ), which received two-tone bodywork and 6 PS (6 hp; 4 kW) more powerful engine than the standard 1.3-liter models (67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) vs 73 PS (72 hp; 54 kW) ( DIN )). The GS also featured flush headlights, yellow filtered front foglamps with black removable covers and white wheel trims. The interior
10807-530: Was the Curator. The 2006 Biennale of Sydney was held from 8 June – 27 August and titled Zones of Contact . It featured the work of 85 artists from 44 countries and was held across 16 diverse venues throughout Sydney including Pier 2/3, at Walsh Bay , the Art Gallery of New South Wales and the Museum of Contemporary Art . Dr Charles Merewether was the artistic director and Curator. A record of 316,811 visits were recorded over all venues. The festival included
10914-534: Was the first biennale to be established in the Asia-Pacific region. In 1973, Franco Belgiorno-Nettis, as co-managing director of Transfield Pty. Ltd., founded the Biennale of Sydney which held its first exhibition of 37 artists in the exhibition hall of the then newly opened Sydney Opera House . The 2002 Biennale of Sydney titled (The World May Be Fantastic) investigated 'artists and practices using fictions, narratives, invented methodologies, hypotheses, subjective belief systems, modellings, fakes and experiments as
11021-404: Was the only market for the version which was not even available in its homeland Japan. It was available with a 1.0-liter three-cylinder with a power output of 53 PS (52 hp; 39 kW), a 1.3-liter four-cylinder, and later a 1.6-liter four-cylinder (for the sedan only). The higher powered Cultus/Swift GTi had an improved G13B engine which featured hollow camshafts, stronger web casting on
11128-448: Was the same as used in the Geo Metro and other North American iterations. Other engine configurations included a carbureted or fuel injected SOHC eight-valve 1.3-liter G13 . Trim levels included the 1.0 GA and the 1.0 GL. The GA model included plastic wheelcovers , four-speed gearbox and cloth trim. The GL model included more equipment such as a five-speed gearbox, alloy wheels, a sunroof , and air conditioning in some markets. With
11235-447: Was the same engine that had been in use in the Suzuki Swift (except for the GT models) in prior years. LSi models produced after 1997 featured the four-cylinder engine with a sixteen-valve head instead of the eight valves of the earlier design, yet was still a SOHC design. It produced 79 hp (59 kW). Contemporary Suzuki Swifts were available with only the four-cylinder, and only as
11342-467: Was the second GM car to offer DRLs in the United States—the 1995 Chevrolet Corsica was the first)—and dual frontal airbags . The Saturn S-series had DRLs beginning in 1994. A new, one-piece instrument panel was mounted to one of the five crossmembers with a new, full seal filling the gap between the instrument panel and the dash. The sedan and coupe chassis were 20% and 5% stiffer respectively than
11449-547: Was ultimately replaced in the General Motors lineup by a family of vehicles based on the Daewoo Kalos , the Chevrolet Aveo. From 1985 through 1989, Cultus-derived models sold in North America—under the nameplates Suzuki Forsa, Suzuki Swift, Chevrolet Sprint, Geo Metro and Pontiac Firefly—were sourced from Suzuki's facilities in Japan. Beginning in 1990, all North American M-cars were produced at CAMI Automotive ,
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