54-506: High Laver ( / ˈ l eɪ v ər / LAY-vər ) is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of the county of Essex , England. The parish is noted for its association with the philosopher John Locke . High Laver is historically a rural agricultural parish, predominantly arable. In 1086 there were 1428 acres of arable land, woodland for 200 pigs and 37½ acres of meadow. The 1881 census data collected indicates that
108-724: A Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) at Gernon Bushes. Maps of the proposal and previously discounted options were published by the Highways Agency. Plans were abandoned in March 2009 when the Secretary of State for Transport announced that no changes would be made to this section of motorway before 2021. The motorway was opened in stages. The stretch between junctions 7 and 8 opened in 1975, and that between junctions 4 and 7 in 1977. The stretch from junctions 8 to 9 opened in 1979; that between junctions 9 and 14 in 1980; and
162-467: A brief two-lane section at junction 6, beneath the M25. From junction 8 the motorway has two lanes in both directions all the way to junction 14 where the motorway terminates. The motorway is illuminated at the southern terminus near junction 4, at junction 6 (the M25 interchange), and also at the approach to junction 8/8A (Stansted Airport/Bishop's Stortford), and then at the northern terminus at junction 14, for
216-483: A busy single-carriageway road. There had been plans for a service station on the motorway as long ago as 1969, named Chigwell , between that village and Loughton , which led to the construction of spur roads and a restricted lorry park; during the London Olympics 2012 these were used as a works unit. The plans for a service station at this site were officially dropped in 1980. From the late 1990s onward,
270-573: A connection would have been made with the western end of a proposed " M12 " towards Colchester . These proposals also made the case for an M15 motorway for the Ringway 2, a major upgrade of the North Circular Road to typical motorway standard. When the southern end of the current M11 ended here, space was provided between the two carriageways to enable an offshoot of 'the M12' to merge from
324-427: A large part of which lies within the district. The district covers northeastern parts of the urban area of London , including the suburban towns of Epping , Loughton , Waltham Abbey , Chigwell , and Buckhurst Hill , as well as rural areas beyond it. The district is situated in the west of the county, bordering north-eastern Greater London . The administrative headquarters of Epping Forest District Council are in
378-597: A spur for the A11 at junction 9, Stump Cross, and then finally ends at junction 14, the Girton Interchange, with the road continuing through the junction and becoming the A14 , which continues the route on to Huntingdon and the north. The motorway starts with two lanes southbound and three northbound; then, north of Woodford Bridge , both directions have three lanes, a layout that continues up to junction 8A, except for
432-508: A third of the council (one councillor for each ward) elected each time for a four-year term of offices. Essex County Council elections are held in the fourth year of the cycle when there are no district council elections. The district straddles three parliamentary constituencies of Epping Forest , Brentwood and Ongar , and Harlow . Epping Forest District Council is based at the Civic Offices at 323 High Street, Epping. When
486-556: Is a 55-mile-long (89 km) motorway that runs north from the North Circular Road (A406) in South Woodford to the A14 , northwest of Cambridge , England. Originally proposed as a trunk road as early as 1915, various plans were considered throughout the 1960s, with final construction being undertaken between 1975 and 1980. The motorway was opened in stages, with the first stage between junctions 7 and 8 opening in June 1975, and
540-433: Is also entirely covered by civil parishes , which form a third tier of local government. The council has been under Conservative control since 2006. The first election to the council was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new arrangements came into effect on 1 April 1974. Political control of the council since 1974 has been as follows: The leaders of
594-612: Is home to a flight training centre within the district. Stansted Airport , an international passenger and freight airport, lies in the neighbouring district of Uttlesford, north of the district. The Lee Navigation and River Stort are navigable rivers which form the district's eastern boundary. They are managed by the Canal and River Trust , and connect with the Regent's Canal in London via Hertford Union Canal . In terms of television,
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#1732772605230648-916: Is part of the Epping Ongar Railway . Two motorways meet in the district - the M25 London Orbital motorway and the M11 motorway . The M25 motorway runs eastbound (clockwise) towards Brentwood and the Dartford Crossing . The motorway runs westbound (anticlockwise) towards Enfield , Watford and Heathrow Airport . The M11 motorway runs northbound towards Stansted Airport and Cambridge , and southbound towards East London. Junctions 5 ( A1168 , Loughton and Chigwell ), 6 (M25), 7 ( A414 , Harlow ) and 7A ( A1025 , Harlow) fall within Epping Forest. Other main routes in
702-524: Is the district's oldest nature reserve, designated in 1986, and the largest at 56 hectares. Seven Sites of Special Scientific Interest on the Natural England register fall within Epping Forest. These are: Essex Wildlife Trust manages sites at: The woodland of Epping Forest partially falls within the Epping Forest district. It has been owned and conserved by the City of London Corporation -
756-607: The London boroughs of Havering , Redbridge , Waltham Forest and Enfield . Roydon railway station on the West Anglia Main Line is the only National Rail station within the district, which lies on the district boundary with East Hertfordshire. Sawbridgeworth railway station on the same line lies directly west of the district, within Hertfordshire, as does Waltham Cross railway station , which serves
810-480: The M11 motorway . There are three bus services that run through the parish, four days a week. The nearest railway station is Harlow Town. Epping Underground station is equidistant. [REDACTED] Media related to High Laver at Wikimedia Commons Epping Forest (district) Epping Forest District is a local government district in Essex , England. It is named after the ancient woodland of Epping Forest ,
864-471: The M25 motorway at junction 6, and then veering approximately north, passing to the east of Harlow . The M11 gives access to Bishop's Stortford and the motorway's only service station via junction 8. This is followed immediately by the recently constructed junction 8A, which provides a free-flow link to the improved A120 that links to Stansted Airport . The M11 then traverses part of Cambridgeshire , meeting
918-568: The Regent's Canal and the north side of Victoria Park , Hackney Wick , where it would have connected to the North Cross and East Cross Routes at the northeast corner of an inner ringway identified by the London Ringways plan. There were three proposed routes from the inner to outer ringway (North Circular) at the base of the current M11 and it is unclear which one was favoured. Under one scheme, south of South Woodford
972-456: The 45 to 59's. [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] All Saints' Church consists of a nave, chancel , west tower, south porch, and north vestry. The church was constructed from flint and rubble during the late 12th century; there also remains evidence that some Roman bricks and tiles were used as they are visible among the chancel walls, and also the north wall of the nave. Over the years there has been refurbishment and maintenance on
1026-580: The A14. All four of these sections use modern high-pressure sodium (SON) lighting. The older, yellow, low-pressure sodium (SOX) lighting originally used at junctions 4 and 6 was replaced in 2005. The M11 junctions 1, 2 and 3 do not exist; see the History section below for explanation. Plans for an 'Eastern Avenue' in London had been proposed as early as 1915, and the Eastern Avenue Extension
1080-575: The Competition Commission and the proposal lapsed when the application for a second runway was withdrawn by BAA in 2010. On 2 June 2002, a brake failure on an Aero L-39 Albatross landing at the Imperial War Museum Duxford caused the plane to run off the end of the runway and down an embankment onto the southbound carriageway of the motorway. The trainee pilot was killed when he ejected at ground level, but
1134-633: The M11 with the creation of junction 8B, linked to and situated just north of junction 8/8A and the creation of a new junction on the A120, to provide additional rapid access to the expanded airport. The scheme was given an estimated cost of £131 million in May 2008. A number of public consultations and exhibitions were held throughout 2007. Findings from these showed that although the public had several concerns regarding environmental impact 57% of attendees agreed
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#17327726052301188-540: The Rivers Lee and Stort , which connect the district with other cycle routes in Hertfordshire and London. Epping Forest features a network of shared-use forest trails, managed by the City of London Corporation . North Weald Airfield is owned by Epping Forest District Council and is open to general aviation. Flying out of North Weald began in 1916, during the First World War . Stapleford Aerodrome
1242-443: The airport including two proposals for the M11, one of which has been deemed unnecessary, junctions 6–8, see above and the other of which, including spur road and junction additions may be approved by the government if Stansted expansion takes place. A joint scheme involving works on junctions on the M11 and A120 . This scheme was part of an aborted plan to add a second runway to Stansted Airport. It proposed changes to junction 8 of
1296-512: The area is served by BBC London and ITV London with television signals are received from the Crystal Palace TV transmitter. BBC East and ITV Anglia can also be received from Sandy Heath TV transmitter. Radio stations for the area are: The Epping Forest Guardian is the local newspaper. Epping Forest District Council has nine nature local nature reserves (LNRs): Roding Valley Meadows Local Nature Reserve (LNR)
1350-627: The borough fall in London fare zone 6 , with Buckhurst Hill in zone 5 and Roding Valley , Chigwell and Grange Hill in zone 4 . The Central line provides the district with direct connections with East London , The City , the West End , and West London . Transport for London manages the London Underground network. A former portion of the Central line between Epping and Chipping Ongar , via North Weald and Blake Hall ,
1404-449: The church for preservation in 1932. The grave of Abigail Masham, Baroness Masham , a favourite of Queen Anne and a cousin of Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough , is also found in the churchyard. The complex relationship between these three women is dramatised in the film The Favourite . The main road from Ongar to Harlow which is a key transport route enters the parish at High Laver Bridge. High Laver lies near junction seven of
1458-402: The church. In the 15th or 16th century the roofs of the chancel and nave, which are ceiled in except for the plates and tie-beams, were renewed. Within the tower there is a font with an octagonal bowl which dates from the 14th century. Outside the south wall of the nave is the brick altar tomb of the philosopher John Locke (1632–1704). A mural tablet, originally above the tomb, was moved inside
1512-664: The completed motorway becoming fully operational in February 1980. Running from Woodford to Girton , the motorway provides direct access to Harlow , Cambridge and since 2002, greatly improved access to London Stansted Airport . The M11 starts in South Woodford in northeast London, just north of Redbridge Roundabout, crosses the North Circular (A406) at junction 4, it then heads NNE , passing east of Loughton and Theydon Bois as well as Epping Forest , meeting
1566-569: The concrete surface that had greatly degraded was progressively replaced with standard layers of tarmac, and drainage improvements were implemented at the same time. This work was completed in June 2008. Junction 8A for the A120 road and Stansted Airport opened in December 2002. By way of complementary plans for proposed expansion of Stansted Airport , the Highways Agency collaborated with BAA on improvements to transport access to
1620-401: The council since 2001 have been: Following the 2024 election and a subsequent change of allegiance in June 2024, the composition of the council was: The next election is due in 2026. Since the last boundary changes in 2024 the council has comprised 54 councillors representing 18 wards , with each ward electing three councillors. Elections are held three years out of every four, with
1674-496: The council was first created it inherited four sets of offices from its predecessors and functions were initially divided between them: The council subsequently built a large new building, Epping Civic Offices , adjoining the original converted house at 323 High Street in Epping. The new building was designed by Richard Reid and built between 1987 and 1992. It was designated a Grade II listed building in 2017. The north-east of
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1728-400: The district include: Most public highways in the district are managed by Essex County Council . The M11 and M25 motorways are managed by National Highways . National Cycle Network Route 1 passes along the eastern boundary of the district near Broxbourne, through Harlow, and east-west through the district via High Laver , Moreton and Fyfield . A shared-use path runs alongside
1782-419: The district is rural and sparsely populated for an area so close to London; this area includes Chipping Ongar and surrounding villages. The south-west of the district closer to the boundary with Greater London is more suburban and is dominated by Loughton, the largest town in the district. Most of the district has a wide range of architectural styles and periods. Loughton adjoins the woodland of Epping Forest to
1836-461: The district's town of Waltham Abbey. These stations are served by Greater Anglia trains either between London Liverpool Street and Ely , and London Stratford and Bishop's Stortford , with direct connections to destinations such as Broxbourne , Tottenham Hale , Audley End and Cambridge . The London Underground Central line passes through the southern portion of Epping Forest. Epping , Theydon Bois , Debden and Loughton stations in
1890-847: The eastern portion of the district, with the Lea Valley in the west. Buckhurst Hill, Chigwell, Waltham Abbey and Loughton, although they are not within Greater London , are included in the Office for National Statistics definition of the Greater London Built-up Area . Epping Forest district is bounded by the Harlow , Uttlesford , Chelmsford and Brentwood districts of Essex, the East Hertfordshire and Broxbourne districts of Hertfordshire, and
1944-462: The full length becoming fully operational in February 1980. Budgets were tight during the 1970s when the road was built, so the road surface was of unsurfaced concrete between junction 14 and a point approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) to the south of junction 7. South of this stretch, where the road runs on soft ground close to the River Roding , concrete was considered unsuitable owing to
1998-399: The grave of John Locke (1632–1704), the philosopher". High Laver village is situated 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Harlow and 1.4 miles (2.2 km) north-west of Moreton . The land is nearly 300 ft. (90 m.) above sea-level in the south-west, about 250 ft. (75 m.) in the north and 230 ft. (70 m.) in the east. "In 1801 the population was 346. By 1851 it had grown to 534. It
2052-551: The instructor survived the accident and no vehicles on the motorway were involved. The main runway at Duxford had been shortened in 1977 from 6,000 feet (1,800 m) to 4,800 feet (1,500 m) when the motorway was built. More recently, even though Duxford already met all licensing requirements, the declared length was reduced to 4,010 feet (1,220 m) to increase safety further than existing measures. In January 2003, thousands of motorists became stranded on "White Friday" for up to 20 hours between junctions 7 and 9 during
2106-651: The local authority which governs the Square Mile - since the Epping Forest Act 1878 . The district is divided into 28 civil parishes . The parish councils of Epping, Loughton, Ongar and Waltham Abbey take the style "town council". The five parishes of Bobbingworth, High Laver, Little Laver, Magdalen Laver and Moreton share a grouped parish council called Moreton, Bobbingworth and the Lavers Parish Council. M11 motorway The M11
2160-460: The looseness of the subsoil and the consequent risk of random cracking, so the surface here was of tarmac from the start. The motorway's first, and only, service station, Birchanger Green Services at junction 8, opened in 1996. The services also serve the A120 , a major high-speed dual-carriageway road, running from junction 8A to the eastern fringe of Braintree , it continues on to Colchester as
2214-535: The majority of the Male population of High Laver were employed in agriculture, this is typical of Parishes at this time due to the surrounding countryside being ideal for farming. 2011 census data indicate that 260 16- to 74-year-olds are in employment out of the total population of 493. The demographics in High Laver are fairly uneven according to the 2011 census data; the data indicates that the largest demographic are
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2268-540: The majority of the male population were employed in agriculture. High Laver school was founded 1866 with accommodation for 75 children. At one point the school breached its capacity with a total of 132 pupils attending. Pupils of High Laver today typically attend Magdalen Laver school, west from High Laver. The manor of Otes may originally have been part of Little Laver . It was purchased around 1614 by William Masham, and passed to his son Sir William Masham, 1st Baronet . When John Locke , British philosopher, died in 1704, he
2322-646: The river in Walthamstow , Chingford and Waltham Cross , and meeting the built road alignment of today north of Harlow . The road from South Woodford to Islington would have been designated as the M12. The route was in planning stages with several options, with differences between the plans preferred by the Greater London Council and the Ministry of Transport – a different version called for this 'Eastern Avenue' to run more east–west alongside
2376-458: The same time: The new district was named Epping Forest after the ancient woodland of that name, much of which falls within the district. The woodland is in turn named after the town of Epping. Since 1974 there have been some changes to the district's boundary with Greater London : Other parties (26) Epping Forest District Council provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Essex County Council . The district
2430-578: The scheme would be necessary if the Stansted Airport expansion proceeded. Following the public consultation, the preferred route was published on 5 March 2008 and the draft orders on 27 March 2008. A pre-public inquiry meeting took place on 10 November 2008, with a public inquiry due in April 2009. However, this was delayed until further notice following BAA's appeal against the March 2009 ruling of
2484-583: The southwest: junctions 1, 2 and 3 were reserved for this additional inner London section. Part of the unbuilt route of a southern section of the M11 is seen from a sliproad from the North Circular to the M11 which travels over a bridge over bare land. It was announced in March 1975 that from junction 8 (Bishops Stortford/Stansted exit) to the northern terminus, (thus including the Cambridge western bypass) would not be "constructed to M1 standard". This
2538-485: The town of Epping. Neighbouring districts are Brentwood , Broxbourne , Chelmsford , East Hertfordshire , Enfield , Harlow , Havering , Redbridge , Uttlesford and Waltham Forest . In 2021 it had a population of 134,909. The district was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , covering the whole area of three former districts and most of a fourth, all of which were abolished at
2592-681: The west and is separated by farms, rivers and golf courses from other settlements in other directions. As an example of conserved physical geographic landscapes, the Roding Valley and Three Forests Way (one end of the Stort Valley Way and the other end connecting to the Harcamlow Way in Hatfield Forest and National Nature Reserve , Essex which is north of Epping Forest District. The River Roding runs through
2646-423: Was a little below this level until the last decade of the century when there was a sharp decline to 386. In the first half of the 20th century it rose gradually to 463 in 1951" According to 2011 census data High Laver had a population of 493 persons across 200 households. Within High Laver 260 persons out of the 493 who participated in the 2011 census aged 16 to 74 are in employment. The 1881 census data indicates that
2700-432: Was abandoned in 1998. The Highways Agency tabled proposals to upgrade the M11, between junction 6 and 8, from three lanes plus hard shoulder to four each way with an estimated cost of £698 million given in 2007. A number of public consultations were made throughout 2007 and although efforts were made to limit environmental damage the scheme would cause disruption and loss of habitat to three designated ecological areas and
2754-596: Was another way of stating that, following a change in government policy, this section would comprise two rather than three lanes in each direction. The M11 Link Road , or more formally 'A12 Hackney to M11 link road' (in fact leading to the North Circular) was constructed during the 1990s from Hackney Wick by Victoria Park to the Redbridge Roundabout—the interchange with the North Circular—and
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#17327726052302808-570: Was buried at High Laver, where he had lived at Otes as a paying guest in the household of Sir Francis Masham, 3rd Baronet since 1691. The wife of Sir Francis was the philosopher and theologian Damaris Cudworth Masham . In 1887 John Bartholomew, in the Gazetteer of the British Isles , wrote: "Laver, High, par., Essex, in NW. of co., 4 m. NW. of Ongar, 1891 ac., pop. 477; the churchyard contains
2862-667: Was causing local concern in Leyton and Hackney during the late 1950s and early 1960s. It was opposed by a number of groups, including the Hackney Society and local residents as represented by their member of parliament in 1962. By 1966, the Ministry of Transport was planning a longer road and for it to be partly motorway. The first version had a mid-south section, to follow a River Lea route, starting at Angel southwest of Dalston , heading northeast then north, taking land by
2916-537: Was opened in 1999 . The route of this road, which followed a similar route to one of the initial proposals resulted in the protracted M11 link road protest between 1993 and 1995, one of a spate of major UK road protests under the Major ministry . A new junction 7a was opened on 10 June 2022. The stated aims for this development are: An official plan to add north-facing connections at junction 5 in Debden , Loughton
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